GB2455755A - Grid synchronizer for inverter - Google Patents

Grid synchronizer for inverter Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2455755A
GB2455755A GB0724828A GB0724828A GB2455755A GB 2455755 A GB2455755 A GB 2455755A GB 0724828 A GB0724828 A GB 0724828A GB 0724828 A GB0724828 A GB 0724828A GB 2455755 A GB2455755 A GB 2455755A
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United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
grid
inverter
output
characteristic
mains
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB0724828A
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GB0724828D0 (en
GB2455755B (en
Inventor
Lesley Chisenga
Gehan Anil Joseph Amaratunga
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Enecsys Ltd
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Enecsys Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Enecsys Ltd filed Critical Enecsys Ltd
Priority to GB0724828A priority Critical patent/GB2455755B/en
Publication of GB0724828D0 publication Critical patent/GB0724828D0/en
Priority to EP08865007.2A priority patent/EP2235807B1/en
Priority to PCT/GB2008/051216 priority patent/WO2009081205A2/en
Priority to US12/809,436 priority patent/US8310101B2/en
Publication of GB2455755A publication Critical patent/GB2455755A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2455755B publication Critical patent/GB2455755B/en
Priority to US13/656,641 priority patent/US9997923B2/en
Priority to US15/961,356 priority patent/US10903658B2/en
Priority to US17/157,771 priority patent/US11303134B2/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/40—Synchronising a generator for connection to a network or to another generator
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/505—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means
    • H02M7/515—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M7/525—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output waveform or frequency

Abstract

A grid synchronizer to synchronize an AC output of an inverter to an AC grid mains network, where the inverter has a power input and an AC output for connection to the AC grid to provide a power supply input into said AC grid mains. The synchronizer comprises an inverter controller to control said AC output of said inverter, where the controller includes a receiver to receive grid data from a grid sensor location remote from the inverter. The grid sensor senses a grid characteristic of the AC grid and transmits this grid data to the inverter controller via a communication link. The inverter controller controls its AC output in accordance with the received grid data to achieve synchronization. The grid characteristic may be a phase of the AC grid. The communication link may be wired or wireless..

Description

Grid Synchronisation
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to power generation, and in particular to a grid synchroniser for connecting an AC output of a power converter to the AC grid mains.
BACKGROUND TO THE INVENTION
Many micropower generatiOn systems, such as those in the home, typically comprise one or more of a number of solar cells (eg on the roof), wind turbines, combined heat and power systems and other like systems. The micropower generators generate electricity for the home, and the power is converted into useable voltage and current suitable for the home, for example 240V at 50Hz or 1 1OV at 60Hz. However, more power than is actually required by the home is sometimes generated. If the micropower generation system were connected to the AC grid, from which power is normally drawn in conventional homes, this surplus power could be sent back to the AC grid.
However, there exists a need for a system of syncbronising the power generated by the converters to the power on the grid. Inverters are often used to generate an AC output from a DC input. The inverters are generally located within the proximity of the power source (solar cells, wind turbine etc). The point at which the inverter is connected to the AC grid mains is often remote from its physical location.
Inverters connected to the grid remotely may experience a phase shifted line voltage due to line impedance and therefore transfer an increased amount of reactive power in the network. The increase in reactive power implies minimised system efficiency.
There is therefore a need to enable the synchronisation of inverters to the same line voltage regardless of the line impedance between power switchboard and the point of connection of the inverter.
We describe techniques to address these problems.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
According to the present invention, there is provided a grid synchroniser to synchronise an AC output of an inverter to an AC grid mains, said inverter having a power input and an AC output for connection to said AC grid mains to provide a power supply input into said AC grid mains, the grid synchroniser comprising: an inverter controller to control said AC output of said inverter, said controller including a receiver to receive grid data from a grid sensor location remote from said inverter, said grid sensor sensing a grid characteristic of said AC grid mains, wherein said grid data comprises data relating to a grid characteristic of said AC grid mans sensed by a grid sensor, and wherein said inverter controller controls said AC output responsive to said grid data relating to said grid characteristic. Preferably, said sensed grid characteristic comprises a phase of said AC grid mains.
Therefore, the communication of the sensed grid characteristics of the AC grid mains (for example the phase of the current and/or voltage), enables the inverter to be controlled in order that its AC output is synchronised with that of the AC grid mains, irrespective of the line load between the inverter and the grid connection.
In embodiments, said receiver is in wired communication with a grid sensor. Preferably, said wired communication is through a power supply line. In alternative embodiments, said receiver is in wireless communication with a grid sensor.
In embodiments, the grid synchroniser further comprises an inverter sensor to sense an inverter characteristic of said AC output of said inverter and to transmit inverter data relating to said sensed inverter characteristic to a grid sensor located remote from said inverter. Preferably, said sensed inverter characteristic comprises one or more of a phase of said AC output of said invertcr, a power output or a power efficiency of said inverter.
The present invention also provides a method of synchronising an AC output of an inverter to an AC grid mains, said inverter having a power input and an AC output for connection to said AC grid mains to provide a power supply input into said AC grid mains, the method comprising: sensing a characteristic of said AC grid mains using a grid sensor located remote from said inverter; transmitting grid data relating to said sensed grid characteristic to said inverter; and controlling said AC output of said inverter responsive to said grid data relating to said sensed grid characteristic.
Preferably, said sensed grid characteristic comprises a phase of said AC grid mains.
Sensing and transmitting the sensed grid characteristics of the AC grid mains (for example the phase of the current and/or voltage), enables the inverter to be controlled in order that its AC output is synchronised with that of the AC grid mains, irrespective of the line load between the inverter and the grid connection.
Preferably, the method further comprises sensing a characteristic of said AC output of said inverter; and transmitting inverter data relating to said sensed inverter characteristic to said grid sensor. In embodiments, said sensed inverter characteristic comprises one or more of a phase of said AC output of said inverter, a power output or a power efficiency of said inverter.
The present invention also provides a system for micropower generation, the system comprising: an inverter having a power input and an AC output for connection to an AC grid mains to provide a power supply input into said AC grid mains; a sensor, remote from said inverter, to sense a grid characteristic of said AC grid mains and to transmit data relating to said sensed grid characteristic to said inverter, wherein said inverter includes a receiver to receive said transmitted data, said inverter being configured to control said AC output responsive to said data relating to said sensed grid characteristic.
Preferably, said sensed grid characteristic comprises a phase of said AC grid mains.
Therefore, the communication of the sensed grid characteristics of the AC grid mains (for example the phase of the current and/or voltage), enables the inverter to be controlled in order that its AC output is synchronised with that of the AC grid mains, irrespective of the line load between the inverter and the grid connection.
Preferably, said sensor is configured to couple to said AC grid mains at a point where said AC output from said inverter is injected into said AC grid mains.
In embodiments, the system comprising a plurality of said inverters each inputting power into said AC grid mains at substantially the same point.
In embodiments, the system further comprises: an inverter sensor to sense an inverter characteristic of said AC output of said inverter and to transmit inverter data relating to said sensed inverter characteristic to a grid sensor located remote from said inverter.
Preferably, said sensed inverter characteristic comprises one or more of a phase of said AC output of said inverter, a power output or a power efficiency of said inverter.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF ThE DRAWINGS
These and other aspects of the invention will now be further described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying figures in which: Figure 1 shows a typical setup of an inverter connected to the AC grid mains; Figure 2 shows the phasor diagram of the relationship between Vg and Vg'; Figure 3 illustrates a system with multiple inverters; Figure 4 shows the system according to the present invention; Figure 5 shows the resulting desirable phasor relationship between the grid voltage and the inverter current for a single inverter network; and Figure 6 shows a system of multiple inverters connected to the grid according to the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Figure 1 shows a typical setup of an inverter connected to the AC grid mains.
The line connecting an inverter to the grid has both inductance L_L and dc resistance R_L associated with it and whose combined effect form line impedance Z_L. The line impedance is dependent on the length of the cable and the conductivity of the material.
Due to the line impedance, the phase and magnitude of the grid voltage Vg differs from the phase and magnitude of the voltage Vg' that the inverter detects at its terminals. The difference between Vg and Vg' are dependent on the value of Z_L. For inverters connected to the grid and situated remotely such as on rooftop the impedance Z_L may be significant. The effect of this is that the inverter transfers current in phase with Vg' and not Vg.
Figure 2 shows the phasor diagram of the relationship between Vg and Vg', the inverter internal voltage V_i used to control current injection and the inverter output current Ig'.
L_i and R_i represent the mverter internal impedance though which power is transferred onto the grid.
Vg'=Vg-Ig'(jwL_L+R_L) 1 The angle A represents the difference in phase between Vg and Vg'. The result of this phase difference is the transfer of reactive power between inverter and the grid.
Reactive power is not converted into useful power but lost through parasitic resistance on the network. As a consequence the system efficiency is reduced.
This effect of line impedance may be severe in systems with multiple inverters connected to the grid remotely. Bach of the inverter may experience different values of line impedance and therefore different values of Vg'. Figure 3 illustrates a system with multiple inverters.
Vg3'=Vg-(Igl' +1g2' +1g3')Z_L-1g3' Z_3 2 Vg2' = Vg -(Igi' + 1g2' + 1g3') Z_L -(Igi + 1g2') Z_4 -1g2' Z_2 3 Vgl'=Vg -(Igl' +1g2'+1g3')Z_L-(Igl'+1g2')Z_4 -Igl'Z_l 4 The three inverters in figure 3 all experience different values of grid voltage, Vgl', Vg2' and Vg3, due to the impedance in the line. The currents Igi', 1g2' and 1g3' are generated by inverters 1,2 and 3 respectively. The currents are assumed to be in phase with the corresponding inverter voltages. Equations 2, 3 and 4 show the relationships between each of the inverter voltages and the grid voltage.
Figure 4 shows the proposed solution to the problem of reactive power transfer. A grid sensor, located at, or substantially near to the point at which power from the converter is injected onto the AC grid mains, is used to detect a number of characteristics of the AC grid mains, for example the current and/or grid voltage phases and frequency. This information is then communicated to the inverter, which is then used to control the current phase of the inverter such that the output current of the inverter is substantially synchronised to (ie in phase with) the voltage Vg.
Therefore, the communication of the sensed characteristics of the AC grid mains, namely the phase of the current and/or voltage, enables the inverter to be controlled in order that its AC output is synchronised with that of the AC grid mains. The object of control is the line current Ig flowing into the grid. The current is detected at the terminals of the grid supply and is therefore corrected from the effects of impedance on the system.
Figure 5 shows the resulting desirable phasor relationship between the grid voltage and the inverter current for a single inverter network.
The communication system can be implemented either with the employment of a wireless network or a wired network. For example, in a wired network, low rate data may be sent down the power lines throughout the house ring main. In a wireless network, a radio protocol such as ZigBee, may be employed to communicate the data between the sensor and the inverter.
Many grid connected inverters come with some sort of communication capability already build in for data acquisition and fault diagnostic. It would be possible to build a synchronisation capability over the existing protocol in order to minimise costs.
Alternatively, new protocols may be developed to communicate such data.
The grid sensor could be remote or local to the inverter. However, the grid sensor is preferably located at, or substantially near the point at which power from the output of the inverter is injected into the AC grid mains, for example at the house's switchboard.
The sensor may be integrated into the switchboard in order to acquire phase and magnitude information of the grid current and voltage.
Figure 6 shows a system of multiple inverters connected to the grid, and using the system of the present invention. The AC outputs of each of the inverters in the system can be synchronised to Vg regardless of the line impedance. As can be seen, each of the inverters has a receiver (here shown as a wireless receiver; the skilled reader would understand that a wired connection could be used instead) for receiving data from a single grid sensor located at, or substantially near to the point at which power generated from the inverters is injected into the AC grid mains. Each of the inverters is controlled in response to the data provided by the single grid sensor.
In an alternative embodiment, additional data may also be captured at the inverter, such as the output voltage and/or current, the DC or AC power input, the AC output, the efficiency of the inverter and other such data.
In another embodiment, the system could transmit such data from the inverter over the wired or wireless link back to the grid sensor. Such data would, for example, enable the grid sensor to detect if one or more of the inverters was malfunctioning, and to alert a user that action is required to correct such a fault.
In embodiments, the grid sensor arrangement could also collate data collected from the gird and/or the inverters and display such data to a user on a display. Such a display of data would enable a user to visualise that power being provided by the converter(s), the efficiency of the converts and/or how much power is being sent back to the grid at any time.
No doubt many other effective alternatives will occur to the skilled person. It will be understood that the invention is not limited to the described embodiments and encompasses modifications apparent to those skilled in the art lying within the spirit and scope of the claims appended hereto. ot

Claims (18)

  1. CLAIMS: 1. A grid synchromser to synchronise an AC output of an inverter to an AC grid marns, said mverter having a power input and an AC output for connection to said AC grid mains to provide a power supply input into said AC grid mains, the grid synchroniser comprising: an inverter controller to control said AC output of said inverter, said controller including a receiver to receive grid data from a grid sensor location remote from said inverter, said grid sensor sensing a grid characteristic of said AC grid mains, wherein said grid data comprises data relating to a grid characteristic of said AC grid mans sensed by a grid sensor, and wherein said inverter controller controls said AC output responsive to said grid data relating to said grid characteristic.
  2. 2. A grid synchroniser according to claim 1, wherein said sensed grid characteristic comprises a phase of said AC grid mains.
  3. 3. A grid synchroniser according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said receiver is in wired communication with a grid sensor.
  4. 4. A grid synchroniser according to claim 3, wherein said wired communication is through a power supply line.
  5. 5. A grid synchroniser according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said receiver is in wireless communication with a grid sensor.
  6. 6. A grid synchroniser according to any preceding claim, further comprising: an inverter sensor to sense an inverter characteristic of said AC output of said inverter and to transmit inverter data relating to said sensed inverter characteristic to a grid sensor located remote from said inverter.
  7. 7. A grid synchroniser according to claim 6, wherein said sensed inverter characteristic comprises one or more of a phase of said AC output of said inverter, a power output or a power efficiency of said inverter.
  8. 8. A method of synchronising an AC output of an inverter to an AC grid mains, said inverter having a power input and an AC output for connection to said AC grid mains to provide a power supply input into said AC grid mains, the method comprising: sensing a characteristic of said AC grid mains using a grid sensor located remote from said inverter; transmitting grid data relating to said sensed grid characteristic to said inverter; and controlling said AC output of said inverter responsive to said grid data relating to said sensed grid characteristic.
  9. 9. A method according to claim 8, wherein said sensed grid characteristic comprises a phase of said AC grid mains.
  10. 10. A method according to claim 8 or 9, further comprising: sensing a characteristic of said AC output of said inverter; and transmitting inverter data relating to said sensed inverter characteristic to said grid sensor.
  11. 11. A method according to claim 10, wherein said sensed mverter characteristic comprises one or more of a phase of said AC output of said inverter, a power output or a power efficiency of said inverter.
  12. 12. A system for micropower generation, the system comprising: an inverter having a power input and an AC output for connection to an AC grid mains to provide a power supply input into said AC grid mains; a sensor, remote from said inverter, to sense a grid characteristic of said AC grid mains and to transmit data relating to said sensed grid characteristic to said inverter, wherein said inverter includes a receiver to receive said transmitted data, said inverter being configured to control said AC output responsive to said data relating to said sensed grid characteristic.
  13. 13. A system according to claim 12, wherein said sensed grid characteristic comprises a phase of said AC grid mains.
  14. 14. A system according to claim 12 or 13, wherein said sensor is configured to couple to said AC grid mains at a point where said AC output from said inveiter is injected into said AC grid mains.
  15. 15. A system according to claim 12, 13 or 14, comprising a plurality of said inverters each inputting power into said AC grid mains at substantially the same point.
  16. 16. A system according to any one of claims 12 to 15, further comprising: an inverter sensor to sense an inverter characteristic of said AC output of said inverter and to transmit inverter data relating to said sensed inverter characteristic to a grid sensor located remote from said inverter.
  17. 17. A system according to claim 16, wherein said sensed inverter characteristic comprises one or more of a phase of said AC output of said inverter, a power output or a power efficiency of said inverter.
  18. 18. A system or grid synchroniser substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
GB0724828A 2007-12-20 2007-12-20 Grid synchronisation Active GB2455755B (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0724828A GB2455755B (en) 2007-12-20 2007-12-20 Grid synchronisation
EP08865007.2A EP2235807B1 (en) 2007-12-20 2008-12-19 Grid synchronisation
PCT/GB2008/051216 WO2009081205A2 (en) 2007-12-20 2008-12-19 Grid synchronisation
US12/809,436 US8310101B2 (en) 2007-12-20 2008-12-19 Grid synchronisation
US13/656,641 US9997923B2 (en) 2007-12-20 2012-10-19 Grid synchronisation
US15/961,356 US10903658B2 (en) 2007-12-20 2018-04-24 Grid synchronisation
US17/157,771 US11303134B2 (en) 2007-12-20 2021-01-25 Grid synchronisation

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0724828A GB2455755B (en) 2007-12-20 2007-12-20 Grid synchronisation

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GB0724828D0 GB0724828D0 (en) 2008-01-30
GB2455755A true GB2455755A (en) 2009-06-24
GB2455755B GB2455755B (en) 2010-10-20

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Cited By (21)

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US20120019074A1 (en) * 2011-09-29 2012-01-26 Sunlight Photonics Inc. Methods and apparatus for high-frequency electrical power collection and transfer
US8174856B2 (en) 2011-04-27 2012-05-08 Solarbridge Technologies, Inc. Configurable power supply assembly
US8279649B2 (en) 2010-10-11 2012-10-02 Solarbridge Technologies, Inc. Apparatus and method for controlling a power inverter
US8284574B2 (en) 2011-10-17 2012-10-09 Solarbridge Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for controlling an inverter using pulse mode control
US8325499B2 (en) 2007-10-11 2012-12-04 Solarbridge Technologies, Inc. Methods for minimizing double-frequency ripple power in single-phase power conditioners
US8350411B2 (en) 2006-12-22 2013-01-08 Solarbridge Technologies, Inc. Modular system for unattended energy generation and storage
US8462518B2 (en) 2009-10-12 2013-06-11 Solarbridge Technologies, Inc. Power inverter docking system for photovoltaic modules
US8503200B2 (en) 2010-10-11 2013-08-06 Solarbridge Technologies, Inc. Quadrature-corrected feedforward control apparatus and method for DC-AC power conversion
US8611107B2 (en) 2011-04-27 2013-12-17 Solarbridge Technologies, Inc. Method and system for controlling a multi-stage power inverter
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US8842454B2 (en) 2010-11-29 2014-09-23 Solarbridge Technologies, Inc. Inverter array with localized inverter control
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US8922185B2 (en) 2011-07-11 2014-12-30 Solarbridge Technologies, Inc. Device and method for global maximum power point tracking
US9065354B2 (en) 2011-04-27 2015-06-23 Sunpower Corporation Multi-stage power inverter for power bus communication
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US9160408B2 (en) 2010-10-11 2015-10-13 Sunpower Corporation System and method for establishing communication with an array of inverters
US9276635B2 (en) 2012-06-29 2016-03-01 Sunpower Corporation Device, system, and method for communicating with a power inverter using power line communications
US9467063B2 (en) 2010-11-29 2016-10-11 Sunpower Corporation Technologies for interleaved control of an inverter array
US9564835B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2017-02-07 Sunpower Corporation Inverter communications using output signal
US9584044B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2017-02-28 Sunpower Corporation Technologies for converter topologies
US9997923B2 (en) 2007-12-20 2018-06-12 Solarcity Corporation Grid synchronisation

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Cited By (37)

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US8350411B2 (en) 2006-12-22 2013-01-08 Solarbridge Technologies, Inc. Modular system for unattended energy generation and storage
US8325499B2 (en) 2007-10-11 2012-12-04 Solarbridge Technologies, Inc. Methods for minimizing double-frequency ripple power in single-phase power conditioners
US9997923B2 (en) 2007-12-20 2018-06-12 Solarcity Corporation Grid synchronisation
US11303134B2 (en) 2007-12-20 2022-04-12 Tesla, Inc. Grid synchronisation
US10903658B2 (en) 2007-12-20 2021-01-26 Solarcity Corporation Grid synchronisation
US9093919B2 (en) 2009-07-31 2015-07-28 Sunpower Corporation Apparatus for converting direct current to alternating current using a frequency converter
US9225256B2 (en) 2009-07-31 2015-12-29 Sunpower Corporation Apparatus and method for controlling DC-AC power conversion
US8462518B2 (en) 2009-10-12 2013-06-11 Solarbridge Technologies, Inc. Power inverter docking system for photovoltaic modules
US8929094B2 (en) 2009-10-12 2015-01-06 Solarbridge Technologies, Inc. Power inverter docking system for photovoltaic modules
US8824178B1 (en) 2009-12-31 2014-09-02 Solarbridge Technologies, Inc. Parallel power converter topology
US9160408B2 (en) 2010-10-11 2015-10-13 Sunpower Corporation System and method for establishing communication with an array of inverters
US8503200B2 (en) 2010-10-11 2013-08-06 Solarbridge Technologies, Inc. Quadrature-corrected feedforward control apparatus and method for DC-AC power conversion
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US8279649B2 (en) 2010-10-11 2012-10-02 Solarbridge Technologies, Inc. Apparatus and method for controlling a power inverter
US10483795B2 (en) 2010-10-11 2019-11-19 Enphase Energy, Inc. System and method for establishing communication with an array of inverters
US9467063B2 (en) 2010-11-29 2016-10-11 Sunpower Corporation Technologies for interleaved control of an inverter array
US8842454B2 (en) 2010-11-29 2014-09-23 Solarbridge Technologies, Inc. Inverter array with localized inverter control
US8599587B2 (en) 2011-04-27 2013-12-03 Solarbridge Technologies, Inc. Modular photovoltaic power supply assembly
US9263183B2 (en) 2011-04-27 2016-02-16 Sunpower Corporation Modular photovoltaic power supply assembly
US8174856B2 (en) 2011-04-27 2012-05-08 Solarbridge Technologies, Inc. Configurable power supply assembly
US8456876B2 (en) 2011-04-27 2013-06-04 Solarbridge Technologies, Inc. Configurable power supply assembly
US9065354B2 (en) 2011-04-27 2015-06-23 Sunpower Corporation Multi-stage power inverter for power bus communication
US8193788B2 (en) 2011-04-27 2012-06-05 Solarbridge Technologies, Inc. Method and device for controlling a configurable power supply to provide AC and/or DC power output
US8461813B2 (en) 2011-04-27 2013-06-11 Solarbridge Technologies Inc. Method and device for controlling a configurable power supply to provide AC and/or DC power output
US8611107B2 (en) 2011-04-27 2013-12-17 Solarbridge Technologies, Inc. Method and system for controlling a multi-stage power inverter
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