GB2448328A - Combining multiple common sources of electricity - Google Patents

Combining multiple common sources of electricity Download PDF

Info

Publication number
GB2448328A
GB2448328A GB0706910A GB0706910A GB2448328A GB 2448328 A GB2448328 A GB 2448328A GB 0706910 A GB0706910 A GB 0706910A GB 0706910 A GB0706910 A GB 0706910A GB 2448328 A GB2448328 A GB 2448328A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
electricity
sources
common
voltage
ref
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB0706910A
Other versions
GB0706910D0 (en
GB2448328B (en
Inventor
Ken Gentil
Adam Gentil
Steve Gentil
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to GB0706910.7A priority Critical patent/GB2448328B/en
Publication of GB0706910D0 publication Critical patent/GB0706910D0/en
Publication of GB2448328A publication Critical patent/GB2448328A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2448328B publication Critical patent/GB2448328B/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M16/00—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M2/20—
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M6/30—Deferred-action cells
    • H01M6/32—Deferred-action cells activated through external addition of electrolyte or of electrolyte components
    • H01M6/34—Immersion cells, e.g. sea-water cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
    • H02J1/10—Parallel operation of dc sources
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/10—Arrangements incorporating converting means for enabling loads to be operated at will from different kinds of power supplies, e.g. from ac or dc
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0002—Aqueous electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0014—Alkaline electrolytes

Abstract

Different sources of electricity at the same or different potentials are combined using isolating devices or regulators. The outputs from each of the sources of electricity may be combined using a serial or parallel connection depending upon the required combined output. The voltage sources may be ac or dc. In an example a sum voltage VTOFI is obtained from anodes PE1, PE2 and cathodes NE1, NE2 situated in a single common electrolyte SCE using full isolating devices FID1 and FID2. The single common electrolyte may be sea or salt water.

Description

* 2448328 Page 1 TITLE: COMBINING MULTIPLE COMMON SOURCES OF
ELECTRICITY
1. DESCRIPTION
(a) "The Ken Gentil System" of "Combining ny multiple common sources of electricity" which are at the same or different potentials through the use of isolating devices/regulators where "the individual fully isolated outputs", from "each of the individual multiple common electricity sources", are combined using a series or parallel configuration of connection or a combination of series parallel connection depending upon the required combined output.
(b) The "individual isolated output voltages" may be equal to their respective individual common source voltage or may be higher or lower than their respective individual common source voltage (voltage regulation) depending upon the required fully isolated output voltage.
(c) "Any multinle common source of electricity" (i) Where "any multiple common sources of electricity" which cannot normally be added together by connecting them in series to obtain their "sum total voltage" without using the "The Ken Gentil System" of "fully isolating the individual output voltages", from "each individual common source of electricity", which can then be combined, as described in 1(a) above, to produce the required combined output (Ref fig I).
(ii) For example where separate pairs of anodes and cathodes (electrodes) using a "single common electrolyte" where "each anode and cathode pair" produce their own individual "electricity source" which "cnnot be added in series", to the next, to produce their "sum total voltage" i.e. "common sources of electricity".
2. EXAMPLE
(a) A prototype (ref fig I) using positive electrodes (anodes) of stainless steel and negative electrodes (cathodes) of aluminum produced voltages for CESI and CES2 (ref fig 1) of approximately I volt each and a VTOFI (ref fig 1) of about 2 volts using a common electrolyte of sodium chloride and water.
(b) The use of different common electrolytes (ref 3[bJ) with different electrode materials/alloys (anodes and cathodes) (ref: 3a) will produce higher or lower voltages, than those obtained in example 2(a) above, all of which can be combined using "The Ken Gentil System" as described in 1(a) above. Page2
3. Explanation of terms (a) Electrode: A conductor, anode or cathode of any suitable or specific material or alloy of any size, shape or type, through which electricity enters or leaves an electrolyte of gas, vacuum, liquid or any suitable or specific solution or medium.
(b) Electrolyte: Any medium or solution able to conduct electric current especially in an electric cell or battery.
(ci Series Connection: Where "totally separate electricity sources" are connected having their positive electrode (anode) connected to the negative electrode (cathode) of the next, so that the "sum total" of all their voltages are "added together" with the same current flowing though each "separate electricity source".
(Ref fig I).
Ld) Parallel Connection: Where all the positive electrodes (anodes) are connected together (positive to positive) and where all the negative electrodes (cathodes) are connected together (negative to negative) producing an overall potential (voltage) equal to about that of "one electricity source" (assuming all the electricity sources to be at the same potential). The maximum current is equal to the "sum total" of all the maximum currents of each "electricity source".
Ic) Voltage Regulator: A device in which the output voltage remains constant although the input voltage may increase or decrease, regardless of whether the device provides "full or partial isolation" and where the "outnut voltage" may be "regulated" to provide a voltage "higher or lower" than that of the "jn voltage".
(f) Electrical Isolation: (i) Partial Isolation: Where "only one of the input connections" of the isolating device/regulator is electrically common to "only one of the output connections". The other input and output connections being "electrically isolated" from each other by what ever means.
(ii) Full Isolation: Where "the output connections" of the isolating device/regulator are electrically "fully isolated" from "the input connections:" i.e. input and output voltages are fully isolated from each other by what ever means.
(g) Anode: Positive electrode or terminal.
(h) Cathode: Negative electrode or terminal.
Ii) Isolating Device: A device which fully or partially isolates (see 3f(i) and (ii) above) the "input voltage" from the "output voltage" by whatever means.
(j) "Single Common Electrolyte": where the electrolyte (ref 3[b]) is electrically common to more than one pair of anodes and cathodes (electrodes) (ref 3[aJ) for example where separate pairs of anodes and cathodes (electrodes) (ref 3[aJ) use "the same common electroly" (ref fig I).
Ref: figure I 4. Where: (a) (2ESJ arid CES2 arc common electricity SOUrces" (ref I(cJ) one and fwo (b) LIDI and FID2 arc "full isolating devices" (ref 31("l) one and two (c) PEI and PE2 are "positive ciectrode" (anode) one and two (ref 31a1) (d) NE I and NE2 are negative ekcrode' (cathode) one and two (ref 3[al) (e) VUFI I and VDF)2 are "voltage output fully IM)lafed" one and two (ref 3f in)) (1) SCE is "single common electrolyte" (ref 3[j}) (g) VTOFI is "total fully isolated output voltage" which is equal to the sum of VOFI I + VOFI2 (h) FIt) 1/PI and FID l/P2 are full isolating device inputs" one and two I. * S *
*..DTD: S S *SS * S.. * S S S.. S
S * S. * a. * S. *

Claims (1)

  1. Claim: Combining miltiple Common Sourms of electridty It is quite
    impossible to combine, by connecting them in senes, the individual "common electzicity sources" to obtain their sum total voltage from multiple pairs of "anodes and cathodes" using "the same single common electrolyte" without using the "Ken Gentil System" of "combing their separate fully isolated outputs" as shown in fig 1.
    UK Intellectual Property Office is an operating name of the Patent Office
GB0706910.7A 2007-04-10 2007-04-10 Combining multiple common sources of electricity Expired - Fee Related GB2448328B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0706910.7A GB2448328B (en) 2007-04-10 2007-04-10 Combining multiple common sources of electricity

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0706910.7A GB2448328B (en) 2007-04-10 2007-04-10 Combining multiple common sources of electricity

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB0706910D0 GB0706910D0 (en) 2007-05-16
GB2448328A true GB2448328A (en) 2008-10-15
GB2448328B GB2448328B (en) 2012-03-07

Family

ID=38091116

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB0706910.7A Expired - Fee Related GB2448328B (en) 2007-04-10 2007-04-10 Combining multiple common sources of electricity

Country Status (1)

Country Link
GB (1) GB2448328B (en)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2177556A (en) * 1985-12-19 1987-01-21 Int Standard Electric Corp Dc-ac-dc power supply
US20040125618A1 (en) * 2002-12-26 2004-07-01 Michael De Rooij Multiple energy-source power converter system
WO2006121425A2 (en) * 2005-05-05 2006-11-16 Atlas Marine Systems, Lp System and method for electrical power conversion

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2177556A (en) * 1985-12-19 1987-01-21 Int Standard Electric Corp Dc-ac-dc power supply
US20040125618A1 (en) * 2002-12-26 2004-07-01 Michael De Rooij Multiple energy-source power converter system
WO2006121425A2 (en) * 2005-05-05 2006-11-16 Atlas Marine Systems, Lp System and method for electrical power conversion

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB0706910D0 (en) 2007-05-16
GB2448328B (en) 2012-03-07

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
Hatzell et al. Powering microbial electrolysis cells by capacitor circuits charged using microbial fuel cell
JP2002513199A (en) How to integrate a fuel cell into an electrochemical plant
JP2023093401A (en) energy storage system
Hsieh et al. Measurement of local current density of all-vanadium redox flow batteries
FI123559B (en) Power control system in cells for electrolytic recycling of a metal
IN2012DN01924A (en)
Fischer et al. Microbial fuel cell stack power to lithium battery stack: pilot concept for scale up
KR101782638B1 (en) Electrochemical cells using electrode assemblies visualizing internal electric currents in bipolar electrodes and electrochemical cell management system
JP2020507005A5 (en)
ES2899742T3 (en) A power transformer for a bioelectrochemical system
CN105829581A (en) Device and method for the flexible use of electricity
JPH0243987A (en) Bipolar system electrolytic cell
Nakajima et al. Advanced alkaline water electrolyzer for renewable hydrogen production
GB2448328A (en) Combining multiple common sources of electricity
CN113629731A (en) Wind-solar combined stable water electrolysis hydrogen production system
Tijani et al. A study of the loss characteristic of a high pressure electrolyzer system for hydrogen production
US20230136422A1 (en) Advanced Commercial Electrolysis of Seawater to Produce Hydrogen
Rearden et al. Optimizing the design of an alkaline water splitting device test cell for renewable energy storage as hydrogen
JPH0938653A (en) Production of electrolyzed ionic water and device therefor
US10106901B2 (en) Scalable energy demand system for the production of hydrogen
CN219342318U (en) Direct hydrogen production system for photovoltaic power generation
Samson et al. Design and analysis of fuel cell for standalone renewable energy system
CN116463655A (en) Power supply system comprising hydrogen-oxygen production electrolytic cell by water electrolysis
Benzimra et al. ELECTROLYTIC OXYGEN FOR INDUSTRY INTEGRATED APPLICATION OF HYDROGEN AND OXYGEN
Isa et al. Characteristic curve of a fuel cell

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20200410