FR2472222A1 - Centralised controller of several air conditioning units - uses microprocessor for programmed control by HF transmission on power lines (SE 20.7.81) - Google Patents
Centralised controller of several air conditioning units - uses microprocessor for programmed control by HF transmission on power lines (SE 20.7.81) Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2472222A1 FR2472222A1 FR8026347A FR8026347A FR2472222A1 FR 2472222 A1 FR2472222 A1 FR 2472222A1 FR 8026347 A FR8026347 A FR 8026347A FR 8026347 A FR8026347 A FR 8026347A FR 2472222 A1 FR2472222 A1 FR 2472222A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- frequency
- signal
- control
- signals
- central unit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D23/00—Control of temperature
- G05D23/19—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
- G05D23/1902—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means characterised by the use of a variable reference value
- G05D23/1905—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means characterised by the use of a variable reference value associated with tele control
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D23/00—Control of temperature
- G05D23/19—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
- G05D23/20—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means with sensing elements having variation of electric or magnetic properties with change of temperature
- G05D23/24—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means with sensing elements having variation of electric or magnetic properties with change of temperature the sensing element having a resistance varying with temperature, e.g. a thermistor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
- H02J13/00007—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using the power network as support for the transmission
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02B90/20—Smart grids as enabling technology in buildings sector
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
- Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
- Y04S40/121—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment using the power network as support for the transmission
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
- Selective Calling Equipment (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Système et ensemble de commande centralisée de plusieurs appareils
La présente invention a pour objet un système et un ensemble de commande centralisée de plusieurs appareils reliés à un réseau d'alimentation électrique commun.Centralized control system and set of multiple devices
The present invention relates to a system and a set of centralized control of several devices connected to a common power supply network.
Elle trouve une application particulièrement importante, bien que non exclusive, dans les systèmes de conditionnement d'air.It finds a particularly important, although not exclusive, application in air conditioning systems.
Dans de tels systèmes, on doit émettre des signaux de commande séparés vers des appareils ou groupes d'appa- reils individuels et on doit collecter des signaux indiquant les valeurs mesurées en des emplacements de mesure individuels. Ces signaux de mesure doivent ensuite être comparés aux valeurs souhaitées à tout moment, de façon à adapter en conséquence les signaux de commande. De plus, on doit pouvoir programmer les valeurs souhaitées dans le système, avantageusement en fonction du temps. In such systems, separate control signals must be sent to individual devices or groups of devices, and signals indicating the measured values must be collected at individual measurement locations. These measurement signals must then be compared with the desired values at any time, so as to adapt the control signals accordingly. In addition, it must be possible to program the desired values in the system, advantageously as a function of time.
On a déjà proposé de remplir ces fonctions dans des systèmes de conditionnement d'air en rassemblant plusieurs régulateurs séparés dans une unité de commande centrale. It has already been proposed to fulfill these functions in air conditioning systems by bringing together several separate regulators in a central control unit.
Des conducteurs pour les signaux de mesure et les signaux de commande sont tirés à partir de chaque régulateur.Leads for measurement signals and control signals are drawn from each regulator.
Cette solution a des inconvénients : la coordination de la commande est médiocre, le prix est élevé et l'installation est coûteuse, par suite. de l'importance des câblages requis.This solution has drawbacks: the coordination of the order is poor, the price is high and the installation is expensive, consequently. the importance of the wiring required.
On connaît également des systèmes de conditionnement d'air à régulation centralisée des valeurs désirées pour les divers régulateurs locaux, par exemple en fonction du temps et/ou de la température extérieure. Cela est obtenu partiellement en'superposant des signaux à haute fréquence à la tension de ligne et partiellement en coupant la tension de ligne pendant un intervalle bref. Mais de tels systèmes sont basés sur des circuits logiques relativement coûteux destinés à extraire les signaux et à les transformer en ordres de mise en action. On ne connaît pas de système utilisant les conducteurs d'alimentation électrique pour collecter les signaux de mesure. Also known are air conditioning systems with centralized regulation of the desired values for the various local regulators, for example as a function of time and / or of the outside temperature. This is achieved partially by superimposing high frequency signals on the line voltage and partially by switching off the line voltage for a short interval. However, such systems are based on relatively expensive logic circuits intended to extract the signals and transform them into actuation orders. There is no known system using the power supply conductors to collect the measurement signals.
La présente invention vise notamment à permettre une commande centrale complète au moyen de composants dont le coût est suffisamment faible pour que l'investissement correspondant soit économi-quement justifié, même dans un appartement ou pavillon occupé par une seule famille, en d'autres termes sans exiger l'installation coûteuse nécessaire lorsqu'il faut tirer des fils spéciaux de mesure et de commande. The present invention aims in particular to allow a complete central control by means of components whose cost is low enough for the corresponding investment to be economically justified, even in an apartment or pavilion occupied by a single family, in other words without requiring the costly installation required when special measurement and control wires have to be drawn.
L'invention propose dans ce but un système dans lequel les signaux sont transmis sur les lignes d'alimentation électrique de l'immeuble en superposant, à la tension d'alimentation, des fréquences plus élevées qui sont produites et enregistrées par des circuits oscillants simples. L'unité de commande émet une fréquence spécifique pour chaque appareil (ou groupe d'appareils) au moyen d'un circuit oscillant séparé (émetteur de fréquence) pour chaque fréquence. Chaque appareil a alors un récepteur muni d'un filtre passe-bande tel qué l'appareil ne réagit qu'aux signaux dans une plage de fréquence spécifique . De même, chaque émetteur de signal de mesure peut posséder un filtre passe-bande.Lorsque l'unité de commande émet un signal de départ à la fréquence de l'émetteur de signal de mesure, ce dernier- est activé et -envoie un signal de mesure sur une fréquence porteuse séparée, qui peut être la même pour tous les émetteurs de signaux de mesure du système. The invention proposes for this purpose a system in which the signals are transmitted over the power supply lines of the building by superimposing, on the supply voltage, higher frequencies which are produced and recorded by simple oscillating circuits . The control unit transmits a specific frequency for each device (or group of devices) by means of a separate oscillating circuit (frequency transmitter) for each frequency. Each device then has a receiver fitted with a bandpass filter such that the device only reacts to signals in a specific frequency range. Likewise, each measurement signal transmitter can have a bandpass filter. When the control unit sends a start signal at the frequency of the measurement signal transmitter, the latter - is activated and - sends a signal measurement on a separate carrier frequency, which can be the same for all measurement signal transmitters in the system.
Un tel système de commande associe un prix faible, notamment lorsqu'il est utilisé en association avec une commande de sortie proportionnelle au temps, à une régulation qui est efficace et d'un prix raisonnable. Such a control system associates a low price, in particular when it is used in association with an output control proportional to time, with regulation which is effective and of reasonable price.
Pour éviter que des signaux ne soient transmis entre systèmes différents, un filtre est installé, avantageusement au niveau des fusibles d'entrée de l'installation. To avoid signals being transmitted between different systems, a filter is installed, advantageously at the level of the installation's input fuses.
L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui suit d'un système qui en constitue un mode particulier de réalisation donné à titre d'exemple non limitatif. La description se réfère aux dessins qui l'accompagnent, dans lesquels
- la figure 1 montre un ensemble de commande central destiné au système:
- les figures 2 et 3 sont des schémas montrant respectivement un récepteur de signal de commande et un émetteur de signal de mesure destinés au système.The invention will be better understood on reading the following description of a system which constitutes a particular embodiment thereof given by way of nonlimiting example. The description refers to the accompanying drawings, in which
- Figure 1 shows a central control assembly for the system:
- Figures 2 and 3 are diagrams respectively showing a control signal receiver and a measurement signal transmitter for the system.
Le mode de fonctionnement du système montré en figure 1, qui comporte un ensemble de commande centrale ayant une unité de commande, un récepteur de signal de mesure et un émetteur de signal de commande, est le suivant. The operating mode of the system shown in FIG. 1, which comprises a central control unit having a control unit, a measurement signal receiver and a control signal transmitter, is as follows.
Une source de tension d'alimentation 1 fournit un courant à l'émetteur de signal de commande 4. L'unité de commande peut être programmée, par exemple à partir d'un clavier qui lui est relié, et permet ensuite de réguler le système.A supply voltage source 1 supplies a current to the control signal transmitter 4. The control unit can be programmed, for example from a keyboard which is connected to it, and then makes it possible to regulate the system .
Une séquence représentative de fonctionnement peut être la suivante : l'unité de commande, par l'intermédiaire de son sélecteur de canal 3, excite l'un des organes 5 commandant le passage du courant, qui seront par la suite appelés "vannes de courant". Un signal est en conséquence envoyé à la fréquence porteuse choisie, par 1 'intermé- diaire d'un transformateur. Les condensateurs placés côté réseau bloquent la fréquence de réseau, tandis que la fréquence porteuse, qui est plus élevée, sort sur le réseau. En conséquence, un signal de mesure sur une fréquence porteuse distincte arrive au récepteur 6, où la fréquence est vérifiée. Si elle est correcte, le signal atteint, par l'intermédiaire d'une liaison optoélectronique 7a, 7b, l'unité de commande 2.Le signal y est analysé par comparaison aux valeurs programmées, et un programme de commande pour les appareils dans la zone appropriée est déterminé. En conformité avec ce programme, l'unité de commande 2 envoie alors un signal de commande aux appareils dans la zone en cause, et excite, par l'intermédiaire du sélecteur de canal 3, l'une des vannes de courant 5.A representative sequence of operation can be as follows: the control unit, by means of its channel selector 3, excites one of the members 5 controlling the passage of current, which will be subsequently called "current valves" ". A signal is therefore sent to the chosen carrier frequency, via a transformer. The capacitors placed on the network side block the network frequency, while the carrier frequency, which is higher, goes out on the network. Consequently, a measurement signal on a separate carrier frequency arrives at the receiver 6, where the frequency is checked. If it is correct, the signal reaches, via an optoelectronic link 7a, 7b, the control unit 2. The signal is analyzed there by comparison with the programmed values, and a control program for the devices in the appropriate area is determined. In accordance with this program, the control unit 2 then sends a control signal to the devices in the zone in question, and excites, via the channel selector 3, one of the current valves 5.
L'unité de commande 2 neut simultanément demander un signal de mesure de la zone suivante, et ainsi de suite.The control unit 2 can simultaneously request a measurement signal from the next zone, and so on.
La figure 2 montre un récepteur de signal de commande dans lequel les signaux arrivent par une porte à haute impédance 9 et atteignent un filtre passe-bande 6 qui n'autorise que le passage des signaux dans la plage de fréquences de l'appareil. Ces signaux parviennent à l'amplificateur 10 qui redresse le signal et l'amplifie suffisamment pour qu'il puisse être utilisé en tant que signal de commande pour la vanne de courant 8, qui peut notamment être un relais ou un élément à état solide, tel qu'un "TRIAC". La vanne de courant 8 sera excitée aussi longtemps qu'elle reçoit un signal de commande à la fréquence correcte par les lignes de réseau. FIG. 2 shows a control signal receiver in which the signals arrive through a high impedance gate 9 and reach a bandpass filter 6 which only authorizes the passage of the signals in the frequency range of the device. These signals reach the amplifier 10 which rectifies the signal and amplifies it sufficiently so that it can be used as a control signal for the current valve 8, which can in particular be a relay or a solid state element, such as a "TRIAC". The current valve 8 will be energized as long as it receives a control signal at the correct frequency by the power lines.
La ligure 3 montre un émetteur de signal de mesure dont les composants sont pour la plupart les mêmes que ceux de l'unité centrale. Le filtre passe-bande 6 permet aux signaux transmis sur une fréquence porteuse particulière de passer et-de fermer la vanne de courant 5. Le générateur de fréquence porteuse 4 entre alors en fonctionnement et un signal de mesure déterminé par un générateur de signal de mesure 13 est envoyé sur le réseau. Fig. 3 shows a measurement signal transmitter whose components are for the most part the same as those of the central unit. The bandpass filter 6 allows the signals transmitted on a particular carrier frequency to pass and close the current valve 5. The carrier frequency generator 4 then enters into operation and a measurement signal determined by a measurement signal generator 13 is sent over the network.
Le signal de mesure dépend de la résistance d'un capteur qui est par exemple une résistance sensible à la température : dans le mode de réalisation illustré, la constante de temps de charge d'un condensateur 14 varie avec la résistance du capteur. Le générateur de fréquence porteuse continue à émettre la fréquence porteuse aussi longtemps que le condensateur se charge, mais cesse d'émettre lorsque la tension du condensateur atteint une valeur telle que le transistor unijonction 15 s'ouvre. La fréquence porteuse n'est alors plus transmise jusqu'à ce que le conden- sateur se soit suffisamment déchargé pour que le transistor 15 passe de nouveau à l'état bloqué. Le signal à la fréquence porteuse est transmis, comme on l'a indiqué plus haut, à l'unité centrale-où l'unité de commande le traduit sous forme d'un niveau. Une fois le signal reçu, l'unité centrale arrête le signal qui excitait l'émetteur de signal de mesure. The measurement signal depends on the resistance of a sensor which is for example a temperature-sensitive resistance: in the illustrated embodiment, the charging time constant of a capacitor 14 varies with the resistance of the sensor. The carrier frequency generator continues to transmit the carrier frequency as long as the capacitor charges, but stops transmitting when the voltage of the capacitor reaches a value such that the unijunction transistor 15 opens. The carrier frequency is then no longer transmitted until the capacitor is sufficiently discharged for the transistor 15 to return to the off state. The signal at the carrier frequency is transmitted, as indicated above, to the central unit - where the control unit translates it as a level. Once the signal has been received, the central unit stops the signal which excited the measurement signal transmitter.
L'unité de commande comporte avantageusement une horloge électronique, de sorte que les divers paramètres peuvent être modifiés en fonction du temps. The control unit advantageously comprises an electronic clock, so that the various parameters can be modified as a function of time.
Dans une version simplifiée de l'unité centrale, on peut utiliser un programmateur temporel pour plusieurs zones. L'émetteur et le récepteur pour les signaux de mesure peuvent alors être omis et l'unité peut réguler des réchauffeurs de moteurs, un éclairage extérieur, des éléments de chauffage, des éléments d'abaissement de température de régulateurs, etc. Ce résultat peut être atteint de façon beaucoup plus souple qu'avec les solutions antérieures, à un prix beaucoup plus acceptable e et sans exiger l'installation d'un câblage supplémentaire. Ce dernier facteur a une importance particulière dans les bâtiments anciens, auxquels l'invention offre les mêmes possibilites d'économie associées au système qu'aux bâtiments neufs. In a simplified version of the central unit, a time programmer can be used for several zones. The transmitter and receiver for the measurement signals can then be omitted and the unit can regulate engine heaters, external lighting, heating elements, temperature lowering elements of regulators, etc. This can be achieved much more flexibly than with previous solutions, at a much more acceptable price and without requiring the installation of additional cabling. This last factor is of particular importance in old buildings, to which the invention offers the same savings possibilities associated with the system as in new buildings.
L'invention ne se limite évidemment pas au mode particulier de réalisation qui a été représenté et décrit à titre d'exemple et s'étend à toutes variantes. En parti- culier, le système peut aisément être modifié pour s'adapter à une installation triphasée. The invention is obviously not limited to the particular embodiment which has been shown and described by way of example and extends to all variants. In particular, the system can easily be modified to suit a three-phase installation.
Claims (2)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO794096A NO150254C (en) | 1979-12-14 | 1979-12-14 | CENTRAL CONTROL AND CONTROL SYSTEM AND DEVICE |
| NO802400A NO802400L (en) | 1980-08-11 | 1980-08-11 | CENTRAL CONTROL AND CONTROL SYSTEM AND DEVICE. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FR2472222A1 true FR2472222A1 (en) | 1981-06-26 |
| FR2472222B3 FR2472222B3 (en) | 1982-10-15 |
Family
ID=26647698
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8026347A Granted FR2472222A1 (en) | 1979-12-14 | 1980-12-11 | Centralised controller of several air conditioning units - uses microprocessor for programmed control by HF transmission on power lines (SE 20.7.81) |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DK (1) | DK521080A (en) |
| FI (1) | FI803863L (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2472222A1 (en) |
| SE (1) | SE8008642L (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2539941A1 (en) * | 1983-01-20 | 1984-07-27 | Raes Marc | Remote control by frequency of public lighting via the electrical network |
| EP1322047A1 (en) * | 2001-12-20 | 2003-06-25 | Agilent Technologies, Inc. (a Delaware corporation) | Coupling circuit arrangement for data communication over power lines |
-
1980
- 1980-12-05 DK DK521080A patent/DK521080A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1980-12-09 SE SE8008642A patent/SE8008642L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1980-12-11 FR FR8026347A patent/FR2472222A1/en active Granted
- 1980-12-11 FI FI803863A patent/FI803863L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2539941A1 (en) * | 1983-01-20 | 1984-07-27 | Raes Marc | Remote control by frequency of public lighting via the electrical network |
| EP1322047A1 (en) * | 2001-12-20 | 2003-06-25 | Agilent Technologies, Inc. (a Delaware corporation) | Coupling circuit arrangement for data communication over power lines |
| WO2003055096A1 (en) * | 2001-12-20 | 2003-07-03 | Agilent Technologies, Inc. | Coupling circuit arrangement for data communication over power lines |
| US7183900B2 (en) | 2001-12-20 | 2007-02-27 | Avago Technologies General Ip (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. | Coupling circuit arrangement for data communication over power lines |
| CN1606833B (en) * | 2001-12-20 | 2011-05-18 | 安华高科技杰纳勒尔Ip（新加坡）私人有限公司 | Coupling circuit arrangement for data communication over power lines |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2472222B3 (en) | 1982-10-15 |
| SE8008642L (en) | 1981-06-15 |
| DK521080A (en) | 1981-06-15 |
| FI803863L (en) | 1981-06-15 |
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