ES2403551B1 - PROVISION OF CONVERTERS OR INVESTORS MULTINIVEL POWER THAT USES BRIDGES H. - Google Patents

PROVISION OF CONVERTERS OR INVESTORS MULTINIVEL POWER THAT USES BRIDGES H. Download PDF

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Publication number
ES2403551B1
ES2403551B1 ES201001600A ES201001600A ES2403551B1 ES 2403551 B1 ES2403551 B1 ES 2403551B1 ES 201001600 A ES201001600 A ES 201001600A ES 201001600 A ES201001600 A ES 201001600A ES 2403551 B1 ES2403551 B1 ES 2403551B1
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Prior art keywords
bridges
common
series
node
link
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ES2403551R1 (en
ES2403551A2 (en
Inventor
Alvar MAYOR MIGUEL
Andres Agudo Araque
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Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy Innovation and Technology SL
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Gamesa Innovation and Technology SL
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Priority to ES201001600A priority Critical patent/ES2403551B1/en
Priority to EP11010005.4A priority patent/EP2495862A3/en
Priority to US13/331,051 priority patent/US20120163044A1/en
Priority to CN2011104630590A priority patent/CN102570491A/en
Priority to BRPI1106764-0A priority patent/BRPI1106764A2/en
Publication of ES2403551A2 publication Critical patent/ES2403551A2/en
Publication of ES2403551R1 publication Critical patent/ES2403551R1/en
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
    • H02M7/49—Combination of the output voltage waveforms of a plurality of converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/12—Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M5/00—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
    • H02M5/40—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc
    • H02M5/42—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters
    • H02M5/44—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac
    • H02M5/453—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M5/458—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M5/00—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
    • H02M5/40—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc
    • H02M5/42—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters
    • H02M5/44—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac
    • H02M5/453—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M5/458—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M5/4585—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having a rectifier with controlled elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/21—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/217—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M7/23—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only arranged for operation in parallel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/493—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode the static converters being arranged for operation in parallel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
    • H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
    • H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
    • H02P27/08—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters with pulse width modulation
    • H02P27/14—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters with pulse width modulation with three or more levels of voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/21—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/217—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M7/219—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P2101/00—Special adaptation of control arrangements for generators
    • H02P2101/15—Special adaptation of control arrangements for generators for wind-driven turbines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to controlling arrangements characterised by the converter used
    • H02P2201/03—AC-DC converter stage controlled to provide a defined DC link voltage

Abstract

Disposición de tensión de múltiples niveles que tiene un transformador y un convertidor o inversor de energía que comprende uno o más enlaces de CC comunes que se pueden conectar a una fuente de energía, comprendiendo dicha disposición una primera serie de puentes H que están conectados a dicho enlace de CC común, en la que cada uno de dichos puentes H comprende al menos dos nodos conectados a los extremos de cableados en el lado primario de un transformador, en la que unos medios de control están configurados para controlar los puentes H para conseguir una señal de tensión de múltiples niveles entre el primer nodo y el segundo nodo de dichos puentes H.Multi-level voltage arrangement having a transformer and an energy converter or inverter comprising one or more common DC links that can be connected to a power source, said arrangement comprising a first series of bridges H that are connected to said common DC link, in which each of said bridges H comprises at least two nodes connected to the wiring ends on the primary side of a transformer, in which control means are configured to control the bridges H to achieve a multi-level voltage signal between the first node and the second node of said bridges H.

Description

DISPOSICION DE CONVERTIDORES O INVERSORES MULTINIVEL DE POTENCIA QUE UTILIZA PUENTES H CAMPO DE LA INVENCIÓN La presente invención se refiere a una topología   PROVISION OF CONVERTERS OR INVESTORS POWER MULTI LEVEL USING BRIDGES H FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a topology

de from
convertidores multinivel de potencia y a una converters multilevel  from power Y to a

disposición provision
para generadores, preferiblemente para for generators, preferably for

aplicaciones Applications
en turbinas eólicas. in wind turbines.

ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓN BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Se conocen varios convertidores de fuente de tensión para la utilización de topologías de puentes H. Los puentes H se utilizan para obtener formas de ondas de múltiples niveles. Los puentes H se activan mediante una pluralidad de diferentes células de conmutación . Los estados abierto y cerrado de dichos conmutadores determinan la tensión de salida para un bobinado de carga conectada a los mismos. Sin embargo, su utilización está limitada a aplicaciones en sistemas de conversión CC/CC o aplicaciones de CA de fase única . Several voltage source converters are known for the use of H bridge topologies. The H bridges are used to obtain multi-level waveforms. The H bridges are activated by a plurality of different switching cells. The open and closed states of said switches determine the output voltage for a load winding connected to them. However, its use is limited to applications in DC / DC conversion systems or single phase AC applications.

Se conocen aplicaciones de tres fases que tienen topologias de puentes H y arquitecturas que utilizan transformadores de aislamiento de lado CA para aplicaciones relacionadas con filtros activos en serie, restauradores de tensión dinámicos y compensadores sincrónicos estáticos (statcom) . Three-phase applications are known that have H-bridge topologies and architectures that use AC-side isolation transformers for applications related to series active filters, dynamic voltage restorers and static synchronous compensators (statcom).

Estas aplicaciones se han descrito en varias divulgaciones. Filtros activos en serie se encuentran en la publicación de F.Z. Peng, H.Agaki, A. Nabase, "A new approach to harmonic compensation in power systems a combined system of shunt passive and series active filters" , IEEE Trans. on Ind . Applications, Vol. 26, No . 6 páginas 983-990 , Noviembre/Diciembre 1990 . These applications have been described in several disclosures. Serial active filters are found in the F.Z. Peng, H. Agaki, A. Nabase, "A new approach to harmonic compensation in power systems a combined system of shunt passive and series active filters", IEEE Trans. on Ind. Applications, Vol. 26, No. 6 pages 983-990, November / December 1990.

Restauradores de tensión dinámicos se describen en otra publicación de H. Kim, S. K. Sul "Compensation voltage control in dynamic restorers by use of feed forward and state feedback scheme"f IEEE Trans . on power electronics, vol . 20 No.5 , páginas 1169-1177, Septiembre 2005. Dynamic tension restorers are described in another publication by H. Kim, S. K. Sul "Compensation voltage control in dynamic restorers by use of feed forward and state feedback scheme" f IEEE Trans. on power electronics, vol. 20 No.5, pages 1169-1177, September 2005.

Ejempl os de la técnica anterior muestran Examples of the prior art show

topologías topologies
de conversión de tensión de múl tiples niveles from conversion from tension from multiple manifolds levels

que that
requieren un gran nú mero de componentes y son require a great wildebeest Mere from components Y They are

difíciles difficult
de implementar y controlar. Además, dichas from implement Y control. Further, sayings

disposiciones requieren la interacción de enlaces de ce comunes con valores de ce de alt a tensión . Provisions require the interaction of common ce links with ce values from alt to voltage.

Dos topologías de nivel de tensión utilizadas en l a técnica anterior muestran un exceso de comportamiento de harmónicos . La distorsión de harmónicos total (THD) es entonces menos que óptima para estos sistemas . Es un objeto de la presente invención proponer una topología de conversión de energía y una disposición para generadores, preferiblemente para aplicaciones de turbinas eóli cas que muestre una reducción óptima de harmónicos y también que tenga una construcción y una disposición de la topología simples . Two voltage level topologies used in the prior art show an excess of harmonic behavior. The total harmonic distortion (THD) is then less than optimal for these systems. It is an object of the present invention to propose an energy conversion topology and an arrangement for generators, preferably for wind turbine applications that show an optimal harmonic reduction and also that have a simple construction and arrangement of the topology.

Es otro objeto de la present e invención proponer un convertidor de múltiples niveles y una topología de inversión que pueda utilizar algoritmos, procedimientos y hardware de control independientemente del número de níveles de tensión elegidos. Así, es una ventaja adicional que los sistemas de control ya exist entes se puedan reutilizar para esta nueva topología. It is another object of the present invention to propose a multi-level converter and an investment topology that can use control algorithms, procedures and hardware regardless of the number of voltage levels chosen. Thus, it is an additional advantage that existing control systems can be reused for this new topology.

Es todavía otro obj eto de la presente invención presentar una disposición de múlti ples niveles que requiera un número reducido de buses de ce. Idealmente, es s uficiente un único bus de ce, dispuesto corno un enlace de ce común . It is still another object of the present invention to present a multi-level arrangement that requires a reduced number of buses of ce. Ideally, a single ce bus is sufficient, arranged as a common ce link.

DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓN DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

La presente invención está relacionada con una disposición de tensión de múl tiples niveles que tiene un transformador y un convertidor o inversor de energía que comprende uno o más enlaces de ce comunes que se pueden The present invention is related to a multi-level voltage arrangement having a transformer and an energy converter or inverter comprising one or more common ce links that can be

conectar a una fuente de energía, en la que dicha di sposición compre nde por lo menos una primera serie de puentes H que están conectados a dicho enlace de ce común . Cada uno de dichos puentes H comprende por lo menos un primer nodo y un segundo nodo, y por lo menos un transformador comprende un lado primario que tiene por lo menos un bobinado con un primer extremo y un segundo extremo en una configuración de e xtremo abierto accesi b l e desde el exterior del transformador. La disposición también tiene el primer extremo de dicho bobinado conectado al primer nodo de dicho puente H, y que tiene el segundo extremo de dicho bobinado conectado a dicho connecting to a power source, wherein said arrangement comprises at least a first series of bridges H that are connected to said common ce link. Each of said bridges H comprises at least a first node and a second node, and at least one transformer comprises a primary side having at least one winding with a first end and a second end in an open end configuration. Accessible from the outside of the transformer. The arrangement also has the first end of said winding connected to the first node of said bridge H, and having the second end of said winding connected to said

segundo nodo de salida. También están presentes unos medios de control y están configurados para controlar los puent es H para conseguir una señal de tensión de múltiples niveles entre el primer nodo y el segundo nodo de dichos puentes H. Second exit node. Control means are also present and are configured to control the bridges H to achieve a multi-level voltage signal between the first node and the second node of said bridges H.

El término convertidor de energía debe entenderse normalmente que abarca inversores de energía . En general , cualquier conversión ent re sistemas de CC y CA está The term energy converter should normally be understood to encompass energy inverters. In general, any conversion between DC and AC systems is

incluida included
en los térmi nos de esta definición in the term from is definition

independienindependent
temen te de la frecuencia y la forma de onda they fear tea from the frequency Y the shape from wave

relativa relative
a las entradas de energia o a las salidas de to the tickets from Energy or to the Departures from

energía . Energy .

La disposición de energía también puede incluir medios de control configurados para conseguir una salida de tensión de tres niveles entre el primer nodo y el segundo nodo de dichos puentes H. Además , l a disposición de energía del sistema puede construirse como un único bus de CC . Además , el enlace de CC común puede tener entradas The power arrangement may also include control means configured to achieve a three-level voltage output between the first node and the second node of said bridges H. In addition, the system power supply can be constructed as a single DC bus. In addition, the common DC link can have inputs

configuradas para conectarse a una fuente de energía de ce, preferiblemente construida como una o más células solares . configured to connect to a ce energy source, preferably constructed as one or more solar cells.

Se pueden instalar filtros inductivos entre el Inductive filters can be installed between the

5 primer y segundo nodos de dicha primera serie de puentes H y el primer y segundo extremos de dichos cableados del transformador. Dichos filtros reducen los transitorios, los picos y el comportamiento harmónico no deseado o THD . 5 first and second nodes of said first series of bridges H and the first and second ends of said wiring of the transformer. Such filters reduce transients, peaks and unwanted harmonic behavior or THD.

Las topologías montadas en oposición son Opposition mounted topologies are

10 particularmente ventajosas. Tienen una segunda serie de puentes H con los primeros nodos y los segundos nodos que se pueden conectar al primer y segundo extremos de los cableados correspondientes a un generador, en el que dicha segunda serie de puentes H está conectada a dicho enlace 10 particularly advantageous. They have a second series of bridges H with the first nodes and the second nodes that can be connected to the first and second ends of the wiring corresponding to a generator, in which said second series of bridges H is connected to said link

15 de ce común para conseguir una configuración de montaje en oposición con dicha primera serie de puentes H. 15 of common ce to achieve a mounting configuration in opposition to said first series of bridges H.

El transformador generalmente tiene un lado secundario, que comprende preferiblemente cabl eado en una configuración de delta o estrella, que se puede conectar The transformer generally has a secondary side, which preferably comprises cabling in a delta or star configuration, which can be connected

20 directamente a una línea o red de distribución de energía. La presente topología es también útil para aplicaciones statcom. En estas aplicaciones el lado secundario del transformador está conectado a dicha red y está configurado para recibir energía desde el mismo, en 20 directly to a power distribution line or network. This topology is also useful for statcom applications. In these applications the secondary side of the transformer is connected to said network and is configured to receive power from it, in

25 el que los medios de control están configurados para almacenar energía en condensadores o acumuladores comprendidos en dicho enlace de ce común y dichos medios de control están configurados para suministrar dicha energía almacenada de vuelt a sobre la red. Así, dicho 25 that the control means are configured to store energy in capacitors or accumulators comprised in said common ce link and said control means are configured to supply said energy stored back to the network. So said

30 convertidor puede funcionar como una fuente de energía reactiva o como un depósito de energía reactiva. The converter can function as a reactive energy source or as a reactive energy reservoir.

Son igualmente posibles sistemas de control en la presente invención. Una disposición de control para un generador de energía o inversor comprende una disposición Control systems are also possible in the present invention. A control arrangement for a power generator or inverter comprises an arrangement

35 de energía tal como se ha explicado previamente, medios 35 of energy as explained previously, means

para medir el nivel de tensión en el enlace de ce común, medios para medir niveles de corriente y tensión en las salidas desde una primera serie de puentes H, en la que dichos medlos de control para controlar la operación de conmutación de dicha primera serie de puentes H están configurados para basarse en niveles de tensión medidos en for measuring the voltage level in the common ce link, means for measuring current and voltage levels at the outputs from a first series of bridges H, wherein said control means to control the switching operation of said first series of bridges H are configured to be based on voltage levels measured in

el enlace de the link of
ce común , y en niveles de corriente y tensión common ce, and in current levels and tension

medidos measured
en las salidas desde dicha primera serie de in the Departures since bliss first Serie from

puentes bridges
H. H.

FIGURAS FIGURES

La figura 1 muestra ro fases dispuestas en paralelo de un convertidor de energía completo montado en oposi ción de tres niveles de tensión conectado a un generador . Figure 1 shows the phases arranged in parallel of a complete energy converter mounted in opposition to three voltage levels connected to a generator.

La figura 2 muestra un convertidor de energía completo montado en oposición de tres niveles de tensión . La figura 3 muestra un convertidor de energía de tres niveles de tensión para un sistema fotovoltaico. La figura 4 muestra un sistema inversor de energí a de tres niveles de tensión para aplicaciones statcom. Figure 2 shows a complete energy converter mounted in opposition to three voltage levels. Figure 3 shows a three-voltage power converter for a photovoltaic system. Figure 4 shows a three-voltage power inverter system for statcom applications.

La figura 5 muestra una arquitectura de control para un convertidor de energía montado en oposición de tres niveles . Figure 5 shows a control architecture for a three-level opposition-mounted power converter.

DESCRIPCIÓN DE LAS REALIZACIONES PREFERIDAS DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

La figura l muestra una disposici ón con m fases en paralelo, siendo m un número natural, configurada para la generación y la conversión de energía . Muchas apli caciones requieren la manipulación de grandes cantidades de energía generada . Ejemplos no l imit ativos incluyen aplicaciones de accionamiento directo, en las que un árbol de una turbina eóli ca transmite energía directamente a un convertidor de energía eléctrica desde el rotor. Para hacer frente a los Figure 1 shows an arrangement with m phases in parallel, m being a natural number, configured for the generation and conversion of energy. Many applications require the manipulation of large amounts of generated energy. Non-limiting examples include direct drive applications, in which a shaft of an wind turbine transmits energy directly to an electric power converter from the rotor. To deal with the

grandes valores de energía, varios convertidores eléctricos están colocados en paralelo. Cada una de las ro fases tomará una fracción de la energía total para no sobrepasar sus valores nominales , especialmente aquellos relacionados con los conmutadores semiconductores, que Large energy values, several electrical converters are placed in parallel. Each of the ro phases will take a fraction of the total energy so as not to exceed its nominal values, especially those related to semiconductor switches, which

podrían could
resultar en fallos de componentes . result in failures of components.

El He
generador (gen) es preferiblemente una turbina generator (gen) is preferably a turbine

eólica . wind power
Los bobinados del estator desde el convertidor The windings of the stator since he converter

están conectados a un segundo convertidor de fuente de tensión (VSC2) que está construido como un puente H de múltiples niveles . Se pueden colocar filtros de red en la sal ida de los bobinados del estator para limitar dv/dt , concretamente, grandes valores de la derivada de la tensión del generador (gen) con respecto al tiempo . they are connected to a second voltage source converter (VSC2) that is built as a multi-level H bridge. Mains filters can be placed in the output of the stator windings to limit dv / dt, specifically, large values of the generator voltage (gene) derivative with respect to time.

Los bobinados en el estator adoptan una configuración de extr emo abierto. Esto significa que los extremos de los bobinados son visibles y se pueden conectar directamente a circuitos fuera del estator. Esta disposición difiere de las configuraciones de cableado en estrella o delta usuales. The windings in the stator adopt an open extr emo configuration. This means that the ends of the windings are visible and can be connected directly to circuits outside the stator. This arrangement differs from the usual star or delta wiring configurations.

El segundo convertidor de fuente de tensión (VSC2) está conectado a un enlace de ce común . Dicho enlace está normalmente implementado como un único bus de ce (De bus} . El módul o puede tener ventaj osamente un módulo de protección contra sobretensiones o sobrecorrientes, concretamente un circuito limitador . The second voltage source converter (VSC2) is connected to a common ce link. Said link is normally implemented as a single ce bus (bus). The module can advantageously have an overvoltage or overcurrent protection module, specifically a limiting circuit.

El enlace de CC común (De bus) está conectado a un primer convertidor de fuente de tensión (VSCl) , implementado como un puente H de múltiples niveles , y especi almente como un convertidor de tensión de tres niveles. La d isposición topológica de dicho puente H es en una configuración de montaje en oposición con los puentes H del segundo convertidor de tensión (VSC2) . El primer The common DC (bus) link is connected to a first voltage source converter (VSCl), implemented as a multi-level H-bridge, and specifically as a three-level voltage converter. The topological arrangement of said bridge H is in a mounting configuration as opposed to the bridges H of the second voltage converter (VSC2). The first

(VSCl) y segundo (VS2) convertidores de tensión están conectados al mismo enlace de ce común , preferiblemente en (VSCl) and second (VS2) voltage converters are connected to the same common ce link, preferably in

bus de ce. ce bus

El primer convertidor de fuente de tensión (VSCl) está conectado al lado primario de un transformador (T) . Dicho lado primario recoge por lo menos un bobinado desde cada una de las ro fases en paralelo con una disposición de bobinado de extremo abierto. Esto significa que los extremos de dichos bobinados se pueden conectar todos a circuitos y/o módulos eléctri cos fuera del transformador The first voltage source converter (VSCl) is connected to the primary side of a transformer (T). Said primary side collects at least one winding from each of the ro phases in parallel with an open end winding arrangement. This means that the ends of said windings can all be connected to circuits and / or electrical modules outside the transformer.

(T) . Ventajosamente, están dispuestos filtros de red, la mayoría construidos como circuitos de inductancia, antes del transformador. (T). Advantageously, network filters, most of them constructed as inductance circuits, are arranged before the transformer.

El lado secundario de dicho transformador, que tiene normalmente una configuración de delta o estrella, The secondary side of said transformer, which normally has a delta or star configuration,

está is
preferiblemente conectado a la red eléctrica de preferably connected to the net electric from

distribución de distribution of
energía. Energy.

La The
figura 2 muestra una realiz ación preferida de figure 2 sample a made ation favorite from

una a
de las m fuses de la figura 1 . La figura 2 muestra un from the m fuses from the figure one . The figure 2 sample a

convertidor de energía completo de montaje en oposición de tres niveles en tres fases . Los generadores tienen preferiblemente tres bobinados de extremo abierto. Así, 2 cables de cada bobinado se pueden conectar a módulos y circuítos fuera del generador . complete mounting converter in three-phase opposition in three phases. The generators preferably have three open ended windings. Thus, 2 wires of each winding can be connected to modules and circuits outside the generator.

Los bobinados relacionados con un generador (gen) , especialmente para un generador de turbina eólica, están conectados a una segunda serie de puentes H. Dicha segunda serie tiene m de dichos puentes H, siendo m un número natural . The windings related to a generator (gene), especially for a wind turbine generator, are connected to a second series of bridges H. This second series has m of said bridges H, m being a natural number.

Preferiblemente, los bobinados relacionados con un generador están fijados al eje o árbol del generador o forman parte de los bobinados del estator que rodean el rotor. Hay preferiblemente m bobinados en una disposición de extremo abierto. Esto significa que cada uno de los extremos de los bobinados es accesible desde la salida del generador . Varios tipos de generadores son igualmente posibles en la presente invención : generadores sincrónicos de imán permanente, generadores sincrónicos de rotor bobinado y máquinas de inducción de jaula de ardilla . Preferably, the windings related to a generator are fixed to the shaft or shaft of the generator or are part of the stator windings surrounding the rotor. There are preferably m windings in an open end arrangement. This means that each end of the windings is accessible from the generator output. Several types of generators are equally possible in the present invention: permanent magnet synchronous generators, winding rotor synchronous generators and squirrel cage induction machines.

Un primer extremo de cada bobinado está conectado a un primer nodo d e salida (H2al de un puente H desde la segunda serie (H2 ) de puentes H. A su vez, un segundo A first end of each winding is connected to a first output node (H2al of a bridge H from the second series (H2) of bridges H. In turn, a second

extremo de dicho bobinado está conectado a un segundo nodo de entrada (H2b) de dicho puente H desde la segunda serie (H2) de puentes H. La segunda serie (H2) de puentes H está dispuesta en paralelo . Todas las salidas desde dicha segunda serie end of said winding is connected to a second input node (H2b) of said bridge H from the second series (H2) of bridges H. The second series (H2) of bridges H is arranged in parallel. All outputs from said second series

(H2) de puentes H están conectadas a un enlace de ce común, que constituye preferiblemente un único bus de C. El enlace de ce común está construido como uno o más condensadores o acumuladores en paralelo y funcionan como un colector o almacenamiento de potencia y energía . (H2) of bridges H are connected to a common ce link, which preferably constitutes a single C bus. The common ce link is constructed as one or more capacitors or accumulators in parallel and functions as a collector or storage of power and Energy .

A su vez, dicho enlace de ce común está conectado en paralelo con una primera serie (Hl) de puentes. Dicha primera serie tiene ro puentes, siendo m un número natural . In turn, said common ce link is connected in parallel with a first series (Hl) of bridges. This first series has ro bridges, m being a natural number.

Cada puente H de dicha primera serie (Hl) tiene un primer nodo de salida conectado a un primer extremo de Each bridge H of said first series (Hl) has a first output node connected to a first end of

cada every
bobinado en el l ado primario de un t ransformador (T) winding in he side primary from a transformer (T)

y Y
un segundo nodo de salida conectado a un segundo extremo a second node of exit connected to a second extreme

de from
dicho bobinado desde el lado primario de dicho saying winding since he side primary  from saying

transformador transformer
(T) . (T).

La The
conexión entre el primer y segundo nodos de Connection between he first Y second nodes from

salida desde cada puente H y los extremos de los cableados puede hacerse directamente o mediante la i ntermediación de filtros de red (Filtro de Red L). output from each bridge H and the ends of the wiring can be done directly or through the mediation of network filters (Network Filter L).

El lado primario del transformador tiene una configuración de bobinado abierto . El primer extremo de cada bobinado (wla, w2a, w3a) está conectado al primer nodo de salida (H l a) desde la primera serie (H1) de puentes, mientras Que el segundo extremo de cada bobinado está conectado al segundo nodo (lb, 2b, 3b) desde dicho puente H correspondiente desde la primera serie (H1) . The primary side of the transformer has an open winding configuration. The first end of each winding (wla, w2a, w3a) is connected to the first output node (H la) from the first series (H1) of bridges, while the second end of each winding is connected to the second node (lb, 2b, 3b) from said corresponding H bridge from the first series (H1).

Unos medios de control están dispuestos para controlar el estado de la operación de activación y desactivación presente en los puentes H. Dichos conmutadores están hechos típicamente de un tipo semiconductor tal como IGBTs, IGCTs , GTOs, tiristores y similares . Control means are arranged to control the status of the activation and deactivation operation present in the bridges H. Such switches are typically made of a semiconductor type such as IGBTs, IGCTs, GTOs, thyristors and the like.

El número de niveles de tensión entre fases en la presente realización es tres, concretamente +Udc, -Ude. O. Dichas tensiones aparecen entre el primer y segundo extremos de cada bobinado. La topología de tres niveles consigue el efecto inesperado de ser extremadamente eficiente cuando se mitiga el número y l a intensidad de harmónicos no deseados (THD) e incluso se consigue una construcción simple del circuito electrónico y del sistema de control. The number of voltage levels between phases in the present embodiment is three, namely + Udc, -Ude. O. These tensions appear between the first and second ends of each winding. The three-level topology achieves the unexpected effect of being extremely efficient when the number and intensity of unwanted harmonics (THD) are mitigated and even a simple construction of the electronic circuit and control system is achieved.

Hay tres puentes H dispuestos en paralelo en la figura 3. Esta realización es particularmente simple cuando transporta energía a la red eléctrica a través de un transformador de tres fases . There are three bridges H arranged in parallel in Figure 3. This embodiment is particularly simple when transporting power to the power grid through a three phase transformer.

La potencia nominal para dicha realización varía entre 0,5 MVA y 20 MVA . Los semiconductores IGBTs son la opción preferida para los conmutadores de los puentes H. Los conmu tadores se activan mediante los medios de control a un rango de frecuenci a operativa entre 0 , 1 KHz y 10 KHz , dependíendo del tipo de semiconductor y su tensión de trabajo. The nominal power for said embodiment varies between 0.5 MVA and 20 MVA. IGBT semiconductors are the preferred option for H-bridge switches. Switches are activated by the control means at an operating frequency range between 0.1 KHz and 10 KHz, depending on the type of semiconductor and its voltage. job.

El valor de la tensión rms para la línea varía entre 400 voltios y 4350 voltios . El valor de la tensión de ce del enlace común tiene igualmente un rango operativo entre 400 voltios y 4350 voltios . The rms voltage value for the line varies between 400 volts and 4350 volts. The ce voltage value of the common link also has an operating range between 400 volts and 4350 volts.

Cuando se aplica a una aplicación de turbina When applied to a turbine application

eólica, e l sistema puede implementarse en media tensión (MV). Entonces consigue la ventaja de requeri r menos corriente, comparada con la utilizada para sistemas de baj a tensión (LV) . wind, the system can be implemented in medium voltage (MV). Then you get the advantage of requiring less current, compared to that used for low voltage (LV) systems.

La figura 3 muestra la aplicación de la topología Figure 3 shows the application of the topology

de puentes H de rnúl tiples niveles a un sistema fotovoltaico. En este caso, la fuente de energía está from bridges H of multiple levels to a photovoltaic system. In this case, the power source is

constru':"da como uno o más paneles solares fotovol taicas . Dichos paneles están preferiblemente amontonados entre sí en una configuración de conexión en serie para conseguir una diferencia de t ensión . Los paneles fotovoltaicos están conectados a un enlace de ce común, normalmente un único bus de ce. Dicha fase de enlace de ce común se puede disponer como un único condensador capaz de acumular la energía eléctrica desde los paneles solares o como una pluralidad de acumuladores o condensadores distribuidos conectados en paralelo a través del único bus de CC. constru ': "gives as one or more photovoltaic solar panels. These panels are preferably piled together in a serial connection configuration to achieve a difference in voltage. The photovoltaic panels are connected to a common ce link, usually a single ce bus This common ce link phase can be arranged as a single capacitor capable of accumulating electrical energy from the solar panels or as a plurality of accumulators or distributed capacitors connected in parallel through the single DC bus.

El enlace de CC común está conectado en paralelo a un número n de puentes H. Cada puente H tiene un primer nodo (Hla) conectado a un primer extremo de cada bobinado en el lado primario del transformador y un segundo nodo The common DC link is connected in parallel to a number n of bridges H. Each bridge H has a first node (Hla) connected to a first end of each winding on the primary side of the transformer and a second node

(Hlb) conectado al segundo extremo de cada bobinado. (Hlb) connected to the second end of each winding.

La conexión entre los nodos de cada puente H y los extremos de los cableados se puede hacer directamente o mediante la intermediación de filtros de red (L) . The connection between the nodes of each bridge H and the ends of the wiring can be made directly or through the intermediation of network filters (L).

El lado primario del transformador tiene una configuración de bobinado abierto. El primer extremo de cada bobinado está conectado al primer nodo (Hla) del puente H correspondiente, mientras que el segundo extremo de cada bobinado está conectado al segundo nodo (H2b) de dicho puente correspondiente . The primary side of the transformer has an open winding configuration. The first end of each winding is connected to the first node (Hla) of the corresponding bridge H, while the second end of each winding is connected to the second node (H2b) of said corresponding bridge.

Unos medios de control están dispuestos para controlar el estado de la operación de activación y Control means are arranged to control the status of the activation operation and

desactivación deactivation
presente en los puentes H. Dichos Present in the bridges H. Sayings

conmutadores commutators
están hechos típicamente de tipo is it so acts typically from kind

semiconductor semiconductor
tal como IGBTs, IGCTs, GTOs , tiristores y such how IGBTs, IGCTs, GTOs, thyristors Y

similares . Similar .

El He
número de niveles de tensión en la presente number from levels from tension in the Present

realización es tres, concretamente +Udc, -Udc, O. Dichas realization is three, specifically + Udc, -Udc, O. Said

tensiones aparecen entre el primer y segundo extremos de cada bobinado. Tensions appear between the first and second ends of each winding.

Hay tres puentes H dispuest os en paralelo en la figura 3. Esta r e alización es particularmente simple cuando se t ransporta energía a la red a través de un transformador de tres fases. There are three bridges H arranged in parallel in Figure 3. This realization is particularly simple when power is transported to the grid through a three-phase transformer.

La potencia nominal para dicha realización varía entre 0, 5 MVA y 20 MVA. Los semiconductores IGBTs son la opción preferida para l os conmutadores de los puentes H. Los conmutadores se accionan mediante unos medios de control en un rango de frecuenci a operativa entre 0,1 KHz y 10 KHz dependiendo del tipo de semiconductor y de la tensión de trabajo. The nominal power for said embodiment varies between 0.5 MVA and 20 MVA. IGBT semiconductors are the preferred option for H-bridge switches. The switches are operated by means of control in an operating frequency range between 0.1 KHz and 10 KHz depending on the type of semiconductor and the voltage of job.

El valor de la tensión rms para la línea varia entre 400 voltios y 4350 voltios. El valor de la tensión de ce del enlace común tiene igualmente un rango operativo entre 400 voltios y 4350 voltios . The rms voltage value for the line varies between 400 volts and 4350 volts. The ce voltage value of the common link also has an operating range between 400 volts and 4350 volts.

Otra ventaja de la presente invención, especialmente a partir de la real ización en la figura 3 , es que e l nivel de tensión del enlace de CC común no se requiere que sea mayor del conseguido en la línea de tensión de CA de salida. Esta topología permite entonces un nivel de tensión de enlace de CC común relativamente bajo. Another advantage of the present invention, especially from the realization in Figure 3, is that the voltage level of the common DC link is not required to be greater than that achieved in the output AC voltage line. This topology then allows a relatively low common DC link voltage level.

La figura 4 muestra otra realización relativa a un inversor para aplicaciones statcom. La energía r eactiva de la red se puede capturar en dichos i nversores y se puede reutilizar en la red . Figure 4 shows another embodiment relating to an inverter for statcom applications. The reactive energy of the network can be captured on these inverters and can be reused on the network.

En esta realización, la red está conectada a l lado primario de un transformador (TI , típicamente con cabl eados que tienen una configuración de delta o de estrella . El lado secundario de dicho transformador (TI tiene un número m de cableados en una configuración de extremo abierto. Cada primer y segundo extremo de dichos cableados está conectado a un respectivo primer nodo (HlaJ In this embodiment, the network is connected to the primary side of a transformer (TI, typically with cabinets having a delta or star configuration. The secondary side of said transformer (TI has a number m of wiring in an end configuration open Each first and second end of said wiring is connected to a respective first node (HlaJ

y un segundo nodo (Hlb) de una primera serie (Hl) de ro puentes H. and a second node (Hlb) of a first series (Hl) of ro bridges H.

Dicha primera serie (Hl ) de puentes H está conectada en paralelo a un enlace de ce común como un condensador o acumulador de energía. Unos medios de control, no representados en la figura 4, controlan los eventos de apertura y cierre para almacenar energía de la red y/o p r oporciona dicha energía de vuelta a la red o a la linea de distribución de red. Así, el funcionami ent o del inversor es doble, donde la energía se almacena y la energía se suministra . En resumen, puede actuar como depósito de energía reactiva y como fuente de energía reactiva . Said first series (Hl) of bridges H is connected in parallel to a common ce link such as a capacitor or energy accumulator. Control means, not shown in Figure 4, control the opening and closing events to store energy from the network and / or for this energy return to the network or the network distribution line. Thus, the operation of the inverter is double, where energy is stored and energy is supplied. In short, it can act as a reservoir of reactive energy and as a source of reactive energy.

La figura 5 muestra una realización no limitativa de una arquitectura de control para un conversor de energía conectado en oposición de tres niveles. Los sistemas de control pueden t ener preferiblemente variables de entrada y vari ables medidas como la veloci dad angular del generador, el nivel de tensión de ce en el bus de ce, los tres niveles de corriente y tensi ón de salida del conversor , y las mediciones de corriente y t ensión de la red . Figure 5 shows a non-limiting embodiment of a control architecture for a power converter connected in opposition to three levels. The control systems may preferably have input variables and various measures such as the angular velocity of the generator, the level of ce voltage in the ce bus, the three levels of current and output voltage of the converter, and the measurements of current and t ension of the network.

Los conmutadores de la primera serie (Hl) y de la segunda serie (H2) de puentes H est án controlados . Un esquema de control puede utilizar técnicas de modulado por pulsos . Tal como se ha mencionado anteriormente, esta disposición es particularmente simple si se util izan tensiones de tres niveles . Los harmónicos se reducen en gran medida , mientras que el hardware no necesita sufrir ningún rediseño importante . The switches of the first series (Hl) and the second series (H2) of bridges H are controlled. A control scheme can use pulse modulation techniques. As mentioned above, this arrangement is particularly simple if three-level voltages are used. The harmonics are greatly reduced, while the hardware does not need to undergo any major redesign.

Claims (10)

REIVINDICACIONES lo Disposición de elementos de tensión de múltiples niveles que tiene un transformador (T) y un convertidor o inversor de energía , que comprende: The arrangement of multi-level voltage elements that has a transformer (T) and an energy converter or inverter, comprising: por lo menos un enlace de ce común (enlace Ce) que se puede conectar directa o indirectamente a una fuente de energía (PS, gen, red), at least one common ce link (Ce link) that can be connected directly or indirectly to a power source (PS, gene, network), una primera serie (Hl) de puentes H que comprende por lo menos un puente H que está conectado a dicho enlace de ce común, en la que a first series (Hl) of bridges H comprising at least one bridge H that is connected to said common ce link, in which cada uno de dichos puentes H comprende por 10 menos un primer nodo (HlaJ y un segundo nodo (H1b) , each of said bridges H comprises at least one first node (HlaJ and a second node (H1b), caracterizada por el hecho de que characterized by the fact that por lo menos un transformador (T) que comprende un lado primario que tiene por lo menos un bobinado con un primer extremo y un segundo extremo en una configuración accesible desde el exterior del transformador (T) , que tiene at least one transformer (T) comprising a primary side having at least one winding with a first end and a second end in a configuration accessible from outside the transformer (T), which has el primer extremo de dicho bobinado conectado al primer nodo de dicho puente H, y que tiene el segundo extremo de dicho bobinado conectado a dicho segundo nodo de salida, y que tiene the first end of said winding connected to the first node of said bridge H, and having the second end of said winding connected to said second output node, and having medios de control configurados para controlar dichos puentes H para conseguir una señal de tensión de múltiples niveles entre el primer nodo (H1a) y el segundo control means configured to control said bridges H to achieve a multi-level voltage signal between the first node (H1a) and the second
nodo node
(Hlb) de dichos puentes H. (Hlb) of sayings bridges H.
2 . 2 .
Disposición de elementos de tensión según la Provision from elements from tension according the
reivindicación 1, claim 1,
en la que in which
dichos sayings
medios de control están configurados para media from control is it so configured for
conseguir una salida de tensión de tres niveles (+Udc, -Udc, O) entre el primer nodo (H1a) y segundo nodo (Hlb) de dicho puente H. achieving a three-level voltage output (+ Udc, -Udc, O) between the first node (H1a) and second node (Hlb) of said bridge H. 3 . Disposición de elementos de tensión según las reivindicaciones 1 Ó 2, en la que 3 . Arrangement of tension elements according to claims 1 or 2, wherein el enlace de ce común está construido como un the common ce link is built as a
único bus single bus
de ce. from EC.
4 . Four .
Disposición de elementos de tensión según las Provision from elements from tension according the
reivindicaciones claims
1 Ó 2 , en la que one Or 2, in which
dicho saying
enlace de ce común tiene entradas link from EC common have tickets
configuradas para conectarse a una fuente de energía de configured to connect to a power source of
CC . CC.
5 . Disposición de elementos de tensión según la reivindicación 4 , en la que 5 . Arrangement of tension elements according to claim 4, wherein
dicha fuente de energía de ce comprende una o más células solares . said ce energy source comprises one or more solar cells.
6 . Disposición de elementos de tensión según las reivindicacione s 1 Ó 2, que también t iene filtros inductivos (L) conectados entre el primer (Hla) y el segundo (Hlb) nodos de dicha primera serie (Hl) de puentes H y el primer y segundo extremos de dichos cableados del transformador . 6. Arrangement of tension elements according to claims 1 or 2, which also has inductive filters (L) connected between the first (Hla) and the second (Hlb) nodes of said first series (Hl) of bridges H and the first and second ends of said transformer wiring.
7 . Disposición de elementos de tensión según las reivindicaciones 1 ó 2 , que tiene una segunda serie (H2) de puentes H con primeros nodos (H2a) y segundos nodos 7. Arrangement of tension elements according to claims 1 or 2, which has a second series (H2) of bridges H with first nodes (H2a) and second nodes
(H2b) que se pueden conectar al primer y segundo e xtremos de los cableados correspondientes a un generador, (H2b) that can be connected to the first and second and last of the wiring corresponding to a generator, estando dicha segunda serie (H2) de puentes H conectada a dicho enlace de ce común para conseguir una configuración de conexión en oposición con dicha primera serie (Hl) de puentes H. said second series (H2) of bridges H being connected to said common ce link to achieve a connection configuration in opposition to said first series (Hl) of bridges H. 8 . Disposición de elementos de tensión según la reivindicación 1 ó 2 , en la que dicho transformador comprende un lado secundario, que comprende preferiblemente cableado en una configuración de delta o estrella , que se puede conectar directamente a una línea o red de distribución de energía . 8. Arrangement of voltage elements according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said transformer comprises a secondary side, preferably comprising wiring in a delta or star configuration, which can be connected directly to a power distribution line or network. 9 . Disposición de elementos de tensión según la 9. Arrangement of tension elements according to the reivindicación 8 , en la que dicho lado secundario de dicho transformador (T) claim 8, wherein said secondary side of said transformer (T) está conectado a dicha red y está configurado para recibir energía del mismo, y dichos medios de control están configurados para almacenar dicha energía en condensadores o acumuladores 5 comprendidos en dicho enlace de ce común, y dichos medios de control están configurados para it is connected to said network and is configured to receive power from it, and said control means are configured to store said energy in capacitors or accumulators 5 comprised in said common ce link, and said control means are configured to
suministrar supply
dicha energía almacenada de vuelta a dicha bliss Energy stored from return to bliss
red . net .
10. 10.
Medios de control para un convertidor o Media from control for a converter or
10 inversor de 10 inverter
energía, que comprende : Energy, that understands :
una a
disposición de elementos de tensión según provision from elements from tension according
cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores , y medios para medir el nivel de tensión en el enlace de ce común, y any of the preceding claims, and means for measuring the level of tension in the common ce linkage, and 15 medios para medir niveles de corrientes y tensiones en las salidas de una primera serie (Hl) de puentes H, en la que 15 means for measuring levels of currents and voltages at the outputs of a first series (Hl) of bridges H, in which dichos medios de control para controlar el funcionamiento de los conmutadores de dicha primera serie said control means for controlling the operation of the switches of said first series 20 de puentes H (Hl) están configurados para basarse en dicho nivel de tensión medido en el enlace de ce común, y en niveles de corriente y tensión medidos en las salidas de dicha primera serie (Hl) de puentes H. 20 of bridges H (Hl) are configured to be based on said voltage level measured on the common ce link, and on current and voltage levels measured at the outputs of said first series (Hl) of bridges H.
ES201001600A 2010-12-22 2010-12-22 PROVISION OF CONVERTERS OR INVESTORS MULTINIVEL POWER THAT USES BRIDGES H. Expired - Fee Related ES2403551B1 (en)

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EP11010005.4A EP2495862A3 (en) 2010-12-22 2011-12-20 Multilevel power converter or inverter arrangement using H bridges
US13/331,051 US20120163044A1 (en) 2010-12-22 2011-12-20 Multilevel power converter or inverter arrangement using h bridges
CN2011104630590A CN102570491A (en) 2010-12-22 2011-12-22 Multilevel power converter or inverter arrangement using h bridges
BRPI1106764-0A BRPI1106764A2 (en) 2010-12-22 2011-12-22 ARRANGEMENT OR CONVERSION OF MULTIPLE POWER LEVELS USING H BRIDGES

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