ES1229930U - DEVICE FOR INTELLIGENT ELECTRICAL PROSUME (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

DEVICE FOR INTELLIGENT ELECTRICAL PROSUME (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) Download PDF

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ES1229930U
ES1229930U ES201930718U ES201930718U ES1229930U ES 1229930 U ES1229930 U ES 1229930U ES 201930718 U ES201930718 U ES 201930718U ES 201930718 U ES201930718 U ES 201930718U ES 1229930 U ES1229930 U ES 1229930U
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consumption
installation
manageable
energy
loads
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ES1229930Y (en
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Simon Martin Miguel De
La Puente Gil Alvaro De
Martinez Alberto Gonzalez
Suarez Ana María Diez
De Prado Laura Alvarez
Peiro Jorge Juan Blanes
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Universidad de Leon
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Universidad de Leon
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Abstract

Device for intelligent electrical gain, characterized in that the device (1) comprises: a user interface to obtain the manageable loads of an installation with self-consumption and the energy demand of each manageable load in a given management period; reading means (14) configured to obtain the consumption of the installation through the reading of the energy meters of the installation; data processing means configured for: determine the self-consumption potential of the installation based on the power generation capacity, the energy accumulation and the consumption of the installation; generate, for each manageable load, an optimized consumption profile that determines the instants of connection and disconnection of the manageable load in the management period, where said instants of connection and disconnection are calculated based on the self-consumption potential available in the installation, the energy demand of manageable loads and an optimization criterion; means for activating the manageable loads, configured to send connection and disconnection orders of the manageable loads in the management period according to the consumption profile generated for each manageable load. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

DISPOSITIVO PARA PROSUMO ELECTRICO INTELIGENTEDEVICE FOR INTELLIGENT ELECTRICAL PROSUM

DESCRIPCIONDESCRIPTION

CAMPO DE LA INVENCIONFIELD OF THE INVENTION

La presente invencion se engloba en el sector de los sistemas de autoconsumo de electricidad, aplicados tanto en el ambito domestico como en el ambito industrial. En particular, el objeto de la presente invencion es un dispositivo para el control y gestion inteligente de las cargas de la instalacion.The present invention is encompassed in the sector of electricity self-consumption systems, applied both in the domestic and industrial areas. In particular, the object of the present invention is a device for intelligent control and management of installation loads.

ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIONBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Los objetivos establecidos en Europa en el Marco de actuacion de la Union Europea en materia de clima y energfa hasta el ano 2030, unidos a la apuesta de las diferentes administraciones publicas por impulsar la transicion hacia un nuevo modelo energetico sostenible y a la prevision del incremento de los costes de la energfa, hacen necesario que se desarrollen tecnologfas de generacion de electricidad no emisoras de gases de efecto invernadero.The objectives established in Europe in the framework of action of the European Union in matters of climate and energy until the year 2030, together with the commitment of the different public administrations to promote the transition towards a new sustainable energy model and the forecast of the increase in The costs of energy make it necessary to develop electricity generation technologies that do not emit greenhouse gases.

Uno de los desarrollos tecnologicos con mayor aceptacion y demanda por parte de la sociedad para luchar contra el cambio climatico, la dependencia de combustibles fosiles, la carbonizacion de los sistemas de generacion electrica y la pobreza energetica, consiste en la instalacion de sistemas de autoconsumo de electricidad, dando lugar al surgimiento del prosumidor (esto es, productor y a la vez consumidor) de energfa. El prosumidor se define como el agente que, de forma simultanea, tiene capacidad de generar parte o la totalidad de la energfa que precisa.One of the technological developments with greater acceptance and demand by society to fight against climate change, dependence on fossil fuels, carbonization of electricity generation systems and energy poverty, consists of the installation of self-consumption systems for electricity, giving rise to the emergence of the prosumidor (that is, producer and at the same time consumer) of energy. The prosumidor is defined as the agent that, simultaneously, has the capacity to generate part or all of the energy it needs.

En la actualidad, el prosumidor puede elegir entre dos modalidades de autoconsumo: con inyeccion y sin inyeccion a red. La primera, como su propio nombre indica, permite al usuario exportar a la red electrica de distribucion los excedentes de generacion de su instalacion que no haya sido capaz de aprovechar con su instalacion de consumo, bien bajo un contrato de compra-venta de energfa con la companfa distribuidora, bien mediante otros mecanismos pactados como el balance neto. La segunda modalidad impide la posibilidad de realizar la exportacion de excedentes, por lo cual el prosumidor debe disponer de dispositivos que impidan la inyeccion de energfa a la red. Estos dispositivos limitan total o parcialmente la capacidad de generacion del prosumidor, especialmente si este no es capaz de almacenar la energfa excedentaria.At present, the prosumer can choose between two modalities of self-consumption: with injection and without injection to the network. The first, as its name indicates, allows the user to export to the distribution network the surplus of generation of his installation that he has not been able to take advantage of with his installation of consumption, or under a contract of purchase-sale of energy with the distribution company, or through other agreed mechanisms such as the net balance. The second method prevents the possibility of exporting surpluses, for which the prosumer must have devices that prevent the injection of energy into the network. These devices totally or partially limit the generation capacity of the prosumidor, especially if it is not capable of storing surplus energy.

Aunque los peajes de acceso a la red son mucho menores (incluso en ocasiones nulos por exencion) en el caso de instalaciones de inyeccion nula a red, el atractivo de la rentabilidad de este tipo de instalaciones se ve rebajado por el elevado coste y las complicaciones asociadas a la necesidad de la incorporacion de sistemas de acumulacion de energfa, normalmente de naturaleza electrica, por ser el metodo mas flexible y provechoso. En caso contrario, la eficiencia de la instalacion del prosumidor disminuye drasticamente o, lo que resulta mas pernicioso, le obliga a consumir por encima de sus necesidades.Although the access tolls to the network are much lower (even sometimes null by exemption) in the case of null-network injection facilities, the attractiveness of the profitability of this type of facilities is reduced by the high cost and complications associated with the need for the incorporation of energy accumulation systems, normally of an electrical nature, since it is the most flexible and profitable method. Otherwise, the efficiency of the prosumer's installation decreases drastically or, what is more pernicious, forces him to consume over his needs.

En el caso de inyeccion a red, existen instalaciones no gestionadas con posibilidad de inyectar energfa excedente a la red electrica. Estas instalaciones consisten simplemente en la conexion de equipos de generacion en el interior de una instalacion de consumo electrico, de forma que se realiza una inyeccion “no controlada” de energfa a la red de distribucion siempre que la generacion supere al consumo.In the case of network injection, there are unmanaged installations with the possibility of injecting surplus power into the electricity network. These facilities consist simply of the connection of generation equipment inside an electrical consumption installation, so that an "uncontrolled" injection of energy is made to the distribution network whenever the generation exceeds the consumption.

El control de la inyeccion a red se puede gestionar, no obstante, mediante dispositivos de control, especialmente si se dispone de sistemas de acumulacion electrica. Los gestores de baterfas deciden si los excesos de generacion se acumulan o se vierten a la red en funcion de su estado de carga. Los gestores de baterfas pueden clasificarse en “no inteligentes”, si unicamente tienen en cuenta la capacidad disponible de acumulacion, o “inteligentes”, si ademas del estado de carga consideran algun otro criterio para proceder a la acumulacion o descarga de energfa, normalmente el precio de la tarifa electrica.The control of the network injection can be managed, however, by means of control devices, especially if electric accumulation systems are available. The battery managers decide if the excess generation is accumulated or discharged to the network depending on their state of charge. Battery managers can be classified as "not intelligent", if they only take into account the available capacity of accumulation, or "intelligent", if in addition to the state of charge they consider some other criterion to proceed with the accumulation or discharge of energy, normally the price of the electric tariff.

Por otro lado, aunque poco comun, algunas instalaciones con capacidad de inyeccion disponen de gestores dinamicos de cargas que proceden a la conexion de circuitos de consumo cuando existen excesos de generacion respecto del consumo no gestionable de la instalacion.On the other hand, although uncommon, some facilities with injection capacity have dynamic load managers that proceed to the connection of consumer circuits when there are excesses of generation with respect to the unmanageable consumption of the installation.

Las instalaciones limitadas a la inyeccion nula de la energfa excedente deben disponer obligatoriamente de mecanismos que impidan la inyeccion. Habitualmente se dispone de dispositivos antivertido que actuan sobre los generadores de la instalacion del prosumidor cuando detectan que la energfa generada alcanza el valor de la energfa consumida en la instalacion. Estos dispositivos pueden ser “dinamicos”, si regulan el generador de forma que este se adapte al nivel de consumo existente, o “estaticos”, si para evitar la inyeccion deben desconectar completamente el generador. Estrictamente, no se considera que este tipo de dispositivos efectuan una gestion de la instalacion, salvo la citada regulacion de los generadores para cumplir con los requisitos legales y los establecidos por la companfa distribuidora.Installations limited to the null injection of surplus energy must necessarily have mechanisms that prevent injection. Usually there are antifog devices that act on the generators of the prosumer installation when they detect that the energy generated reaches the value of the energy consumed in the installation. These devices can be "dynamic", if they regulate the generator so that this adapts to the existing consumption level, or "static", if to avoid the injection they must completely disconnect the generator. Strictly speaking, it is not considered that this type of devices perform a management of the installation, except for the aforementioned regulation of the generators to comply with the legal requirements and those established by the distribution company.

Con el objetivo de incrementar la eficiencia de la generacion, se pueden disponer equipos gestores, instalados en serie con el antivertido. Estos equipos pueden gestionar la acumulacion de energfa excedente en baterfas (gestores de baterfas) y/o el encendido y apagado dinamico de cargas. Como ya se indico previamente, los gestores de baterfas pueden ser “no inteligentes” si unicamente vigilan el estado de carga del sistema de acumulacion, o “inteligentes” si tienen en cuenta otros parametros. Los gestores dinamicos de cargas, por su parte, proceden al encendido de consumos de interes para el usuario aprovechando el excedente de la capacidad de generacion.With the aim of increasing the efficiency of the generation, it is possible to have management teams, installed in series with the antifouling. These equipments can manage the accumulation of excess energy in batteries (battery managers) and / or the dynamic switching on and off of loads. As previously indicated, battery managers can be "not smart" if they only monitor the state of charge of the accumulation system, or "smart" if they take into account other parameters. The dynamic load managers, on the other hand, proceed to the ignition of consumptions of interest for the user taking advantage of the surplus of the generation capacity.

Con respecto a los sistemas antivertido, algunos de los equipos comerciales que actualmente existen en esta categorfa son el Solar Log Meter y el CDP-0 que, enfocados principalmente a instalaciones fotovoltaicas, regulan el punto de funcionamiento del inversor en funcion del balance de consumo-generacion medido en la instalacion.With respect to antifouling systems, some of the commercial equipment that currently exists in this category are the Solar Log Meter and the CDP-0, which, mainly focused on photovoltaic installations, regulate the operating point of the inverter according to the consumption balance- generation measured in the installation.

En cuanto a los gestores o reguladores de baterfas, se conocen diversos sistemas de acumulacion capaces de optimizar las funciones de carga y descarga en base a diversos criterios, principalmente economicos. Asf, el documento de patente ES2434668-A2 presenta un sistema de acumulacion y ahorro de energfa electrica compuesto por un conjunto de baterfas electricas reguladas en funcion de la medida comparada de los niveles de tension.As for battery managers or regulators, various accumulation systems capable of optimizing the loading and unloading functions are known based on various criteria, mainly economic. Thus, patent document ES2434668-A2 presents an accumulation and energy saving system composed of a set of regulated electric batteries as a function of the comparative measurement of voltage levels.

Otros gestores de baterfas, como los presentados en los documentos de patente ES2333754-T3 y ES-2553808-A1, exponen un equipo para la carga de baterfas en perfodo nocturno, comprendiendo la diferencia de precios intradiarios de la energfa.Other battery managers, such as those presented in patent documents ES2333754-T3 and ES-2553808-A1, disclose a device for charging batteries at night, including the difference in intraday energy prices.

La gestion de baterfas puede realizarse consumiendo (acumulando) energfa unicamente de la red electrica, o incluir la gestion de uno o varios micro-generadores conectados a la red interior, como el presentado en el documento de patente ES2403906-T3. Battery management can be done by consuming (accumulating) energy only from the electrical network, or include the management of one or more micro-generators connected to the indoor network, such as the one presented in patent document ES2403906-T3.

El documento de patente ES2540601-T3 presenta por su parte un circuito y metodo para la acumulacion y descarga de energfa electrica en funcion de la disponibilidad de una fuente de energfa renovable y los requisitos de distribucion o consumo de energfa, con objeto de minimizar el consumo de energfa de la red.Patent document ES2540601-T3 presents a circuit and method for the accumulation and discharge of electrical energy as a function of the availability of a renewable energy source and the requirements of distribution or consumption of energy, in order to minimize the consumption of network power.

La gestion de los sistemas de acumulacion puede realizarse de forma local, a nivel de instalacion, o coordinada desde un control centralizado, tal y como expone el documento de patente ES2405538-A2, lo que podna ayudar a aplanar la curva de demanda y, por lo tanto, realizar una planificacion de capacidad de produccion optimizada con unidades generadoras menos sobredimensionadas.The management of the accumulation systems can be done locally, at the installation level, or coordinated from a centralized control, as explained in the patent document ES2405538-A2, which could help to smooth the demand curve and, for therefore, carry out an optimized production capacity planning with less oversized generating units.

Finalmente, otros sistemas de gestion de la acumulacion presentan la posibilidad de maximizar la eficiencia hibridando el sistema con acumulacion termica, aprovechando el calor residual de la electronica de potencia del equipo. Asf, el documento de patente ES2546747-A1 presenta un equipo de calefaccion y productor de agua caliente que almacena energfa electrica en batenas para su posterior consumo transformando la corriente continua en corriente alterna, y que tiene la capacidad de gestionar la acumulacion de energfa e incluso el encendido de cargas electricas en funcion de las instrucciones de una unidad logica de control implementando un metodo o algoritmo no especificado.Finally, other systems of accumulation management present the possibility of maximizing efficiency by hybridizing the system with thermal accumulation, taking advantage of the residual heat of the equipment's power electronics. Thus, patent document ES2546747-A1 presents heating and hot water equipment that stores electrical energy in battens for its subsequent consumption transforming the direct current into alternating current, and that has the capacity to manage the accumulation of energy and even the ignition of electric charges according to the instructions of a logical control unit implementing an unspecified method or algorithm.

Con respecto a los gestores dinamicos de cargas, en la actualidad existen equipos comerciales que permiten tener un control del encendido de algunas cargas de la instalacion evaluando exclusivamente la posible existencia de excedentes de generacion, como son el sistema de inyeccion ITR 2.0, el equipo CDP-G o el dispositivo Sunny Home Manager. Estos equipos tambien pueden presentarse como complementos de dispositivos antivertido, como el Solar-Log Smart Home Relay Box y el Solar-Log Smart Relay Station.With regard to the dynamic load managers, there are currently commercial equipment that allow controlling the ignition of some loads of the installation, evaluating only the possible existence of surplus generation, such as the ITR 2.0 injection system, the CDP equipment -G or the Sunny Home Manager device. These devices can also be presented as add-ons to antifouling devices, such as the Solar-Log Smart Home Relay Box and the Solar-Log Smart Relay Station.

El documento de patente ES2437184-A2 se basa en el mismo principio y desarrolla el modo de funcionamiento de un equipo antivertido, ajustando la generacion a las necesidades de carga. Su objetivo es conseguir que la produccion electrica llevada a cabo en una red interna no acceda a la red externa, para lo cual el procedimiento determina si el nivel de produccion interna es adecuado ajustando tal nivel mediante el aumento o disminucion de consumo, o aumento o disminucion de produccion. The patent document ES2437184-A2 is based on the same principle and develops the operating mode of an antifouling equipment, adjusting the generation to the load needs. Its objective is to achieve that the electrical production carried out in an internal network does not access the external network, for which the procedure determines if the level of internal production is adequate adjusting such level by increasing or decreasing consumption, or increasing or production decrease.

El sistema divulgado en el documento ES1138814-U, por su parte, permite al usuario definir perfiles fijos de cargas y, en base a los mismos, proceder al encendido de las citadas cargas cuando existe generacion disponible. Por otro lado, el sistema de control de autoconsumo divulgado en ES2482017-A1 incluye un gestor de cargas que, mediante un sensor que mide la energfa consumida por la instalacion y otro sensor que mide la energfa producida por un equipo generador, actua de forma tal, que cuando la energfa o corriente detectada por el segundo sensor es mayor que la energfa o corriente del primero, da orden para que la energfa sobrante sea almacenada en uno o varios termos electricos u otro dispositivo de gran consumo.The system disclosed in document ES1138814-U, on the other hand, allows the user to define fixed profiles of loads and, based on them, proceed to the ignition of said loads when there is available generation. On the other hand, the self-consumption control system disclosed in ES2482017-A1 includes a load manager that, by means of a sensor that measures the energy consumed by the installation and another sensor that measures the energy produced by a generating equipment, acts in such a way , that when the energy or current detected by the second sensor is greater than the energy or current of the first, it gives order so that the remaining energy is stored in one or more electric thermos or other device of great consumption.

Los documentos de patente ES2555290-T3 y ES2219674-T3 divulgan un gestor de cargas de forma que el primero de ellos gestiona la operacion conjunta de grandes consumidores participantes en el mercado energetico y el segundo evita sobrepasar la potencia maxima contratada o consumo energetico instantaneo maximo, procediendo al control y en su caso, desconexion de las cargas de la instalacion.The patent documents ES2555290-T3 and ES2219674-T3 disclose a charge manager so that the first of them manages the joint operation of large consumers participating in the energy market and the second avoids exceeding the maximum contracted power or maximum instantaneous energy consumption, proceeding to the control and in its case, disconnection of the charges of the installation.

Otros gestores de cargas son los presentados en ES2246740-A1 y ES-2278526-A1. Dentro de esta categorfa de gestores de carga tambien pueden incluirse aquellas aplicaciones que evaluan el estado de funcionamiento del sistema y, sin realizar ninguna gestion automatica, avisan al usuario mediante el envfo de alertas de consumos excesivos o de ciertas condiciones favorables de encendido de consumos de acuerdo a su perfil. De este tipo son los equipos presentados en ES2400586-A1 y ES-2414581-A2.Other load managers are those presented in ES2246740-A1 and ES-2278526-A1. Within this category of load managers can also be included those applications that evaluate the state of operation of the system and, without performing any automatic management, warn the user by sending alerts of excessive consumption or certain favorable conditions of power consumption of according to your profile. Of this type are the equipment presented in ES2400586-A1 and ES-2414581-A2.

Sin embargo, todos estos equipos carecen de capacidad para realizar una gestion efectivamente “inteligente” de cargas, de forma que dicha gestion tenga como objetivo la no dependencia de un sistema de acumulacion de energfa, o en su caso, minimice dicha necesidad. Los sistemas desarrollados hasta el momento se caracterizan por:However, all these equipments lack the capacity to carry out an effectively "intelligent" management of loads, so that said management has as its objective the non-dependence of an energy accumulation system, or in its case, minimizes said need. The systems developed so far are characterized by:

a) Realizar una gestion basada en el flujo energetico existente en la instalacion, de manera que, evaluando la energfa consumida y la energfa producida, se opera bien sobre la acumulacion, o bien sobre determinados equipos de consumo.a) Carry out a management based on the energetic flow existing in the installation, so that, evaluating the energy consumed and the energy produced, either the accumulation is effected, or on certain consumption equipment.

b) Optimizar el estado de carga de los sistemas de acumulacion, en caso de contar con este tipo de sistemas. b) Optimize the state of charge of the accumulation systems, in case of having this type of systems.

Resulta imprescindible por tanto un nuevo sistema que permitan la gestion de cargas de forma efectivamente inteligente (gestores dinamicos de cargas inteligentes), y en particular que proporcionen:Therefore, a new system is essential that allows the management of loads in an intelligent way (dynamic managers of intelligent loads), and in particular that they provide:

a) Prever el balance de generacion-consumo y no operar segun el balance existente, sino segun la capacidad de autoconsumo de la instalacion.a) Forecast the balance of generation-consumption and not operate according to the existing balance, but according to the capacity of self-consumption of the installation.

b) Realizar una gestion de cargas que elimine el uso de sistemas acumuladores de energfa (baterfas) o minimice la capacidad necesaria de acumulacion de energfa. c) Realizar una gestion de cargas optimizada en base a uno o varios criterios simultaneamente (de tipo economico u otros), garantizando que se satisfacen todas las restricciones tecnicas y las demandas a nivel global dentro del ciclo de operacion.b) Perform load management that eliminates the use of energy storage systems (batteries) or minimizes the necessary capacity for energy accumulation. c) Perform optimized load management based on one or more criteria simultaneously (economic or other), ensuring that all technical restrictions and global demands are met within the operating cycle.

DESCRIPCION DE LA INVENCIONDESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

La invencion se refiere a un dispositivo para prosumo electrico inteligente, y en concreto, de gestion dinamica inteligente de consumos electricos en instalaciones con autoconsumo, mediante una primera evaluacion del caracter gestionable de los citados consumos o cargas y la aplicacion de un proceso que realiza de forma automatica el despacho de energfa en la instalacion de un prosumidor, eliminando o minimizando en su caso, las necesidades de acumulacion electrica en forma de baterfas o similar, a la vez que obtiene la optimizacion de uno o varios parametros determinados (tales como el coste economico de la gestion de la demanda energetica, la emisiones de CO2 equivalentes de la instalacion, la cuota de autoconsumo, el aprovechamiento de los recursos de autogeneracion o el ratio de autogeneracion), manteniendo el nivel de satisfaccion de la demanda del usuario final, siempre que los condicionantes tecnicos lo admitan.The invention relates to a device for intelligent electrical consumption, and in particular, intelligent dynamic management of electrical consumption in facilities with self-consumption, by means of a first evaluation of the manageable nature of the aforementioned consumption or loads and the application of a process that performs automatic form the dispatch of energy in the installation of a prosumer, eliminating or minimizing in his case, the needs of electrical accumulation in the form of batteries or similar, at the same time as obtaining the optimization of one or several determined parameters (such as the cost economical of energy demand management, the equivalent CO2 emissions of the installation, the self-consumption quota, the use of self-generation resources or the self-generation ratio), maintaining the level of satisfaction of the end-user demand, always that the technical conditions admit it.

Las instalaciones a las que se aplica la presente invencion son instalaciones con acceso a la red electrica y que disponen de capacidad de autoconsumo, para lo cual cuentan con un sistema propio de generacion de energfa electrica o de un sistema de acumulacion de energfa electrica (baterfas), o de ambos sistemas (generacion y acumulacion de energfa electrica).The installations to which the present invention is applied are installations with access to the electric network and which have self-consumption capacity, for which they have their own system of generation of electric power or of a system of accumulation of electrical energy (batteries ), or both systems (generation and accumulation of electrical energy).

El dispositivo para prosumo electrico inteligente es un dispositivo de gestion inteligente de cargas en instalaciones con autoconsumo. El dispositivo comprende los siguientes elementos:The device for smart electric smoke is an intelligent management device for loads in self-consumption facilities. The device comprises the following elements:

- Una interfaz de usuario para obtener las cargas gestionables de la instalacion y la demanda energetica de cada carga gestionable para un perfodo de gestion determinado (tfpicamente 24 horas).- A user interface to obtain the manageable loads of the installation and the energy demand of each manageable load for a given management period (typically 24 hours).

- Medios de lectura configurados para obtener el consumo de la instalacion a traves de la lectura de los contadores energeticos de la instalacion.- Means of reading configured to obtain the consumption of the installation through the reading of the energy meters of the installation.

- Medios de procesamiento de datos configurados para determinar el potencial de autoconsumo de la instalacion en base a la capacidad de generacion de energfa, la acumulacion energetica y el consumo de la instalacion; y para generar, para cada carga gestionable, un perfil de consumo optimizado que determine los instantes de conexion y desconexion de la carga gestionable en el perfodo de gestion, donde dichos instantes de conexion y desconexion se calculan en base al potencial de autoconsumo disponible en la instalacion, la demanda energetica de las cargas gestionables y un criterio de optimizacion.- Data processing means configured to determine the self-consumption potential of the installation based on the capacity of power generation, energy accumulation and consumption of the installation; and to generate, for each manageable load, an optimized consumption profile that determines the moments of connection and disconnection of the manageable load in the management period, where said instants of connection and disconnection are calculated based on the self-consumption potential available in the installation, the energy demand of manageable loads and an optimization criterion.

- Medios de activacion de las cargas gestionables, configurados para enviar ordenes de conexion y desconexion de las cargas gestionables en el perfodo de gestion segun el perfil de consumo generado para cada carga gestionable.- Means of activation of manageable loads, configured to send orders for connection and disconnection of manageable loads in the management period according to the profile of consumption generated for each manageable load.

En una realizacion, la conexion de una carga gestionable /-esima en un instante de tiempo t determinado se efectua cuando se cumple la siguiente condicion:In one embodiment, the connection of a manageable load / -three at a determined time t is made when the following condition is met:

(PCGi-Pautoconsumo) · F(t)<=PCGi- Fmin. (PCGi-Pautoconsumo) · F (t) <= PCGi- Fmin.

Donde PCGi es la demanda energetica de la carga gestionable /-esima, Pautoconsumo es el potencial de autoconsumo de la instalacion, F(t) es el valor del criterio de optimizacion en el instante t; Fm/n es el valor del criterio de optimizacion mfnimo en el perfodo comprendido entre el instante de ejecucion t y el final del perfodo de gestion. El potencial de autoconsumo de la instalacion se puede obtener restando el consumo de la instalacion a la capacidad de generacion de la misma y la acumulacion energetica disponible.Where PCGi is the energy demand of the manageable load / -es, Pautoconsumo is the potential for self-consumption of the installation, F (t) is the value of the optimization criterion at time t; Fm / n is the value of the minimum optimization criterion in the period between execution time t and the end of the management period. The potential of self-consumption of the installation can be obtained by subtracting the consumption of the installation to the generation capacity of the same and the energetic accumulation available.

El dispositivo puede obtener una asignacion de prioridades de las cargas gestionables, de forma que la conexion de las cargas gestionables se ordena en funcion de la prioridad asignada a cada carga gestionable.The device can obtain an assignment of priorities of the manageable loads, so that the connection of the manageable loads is ordered according to the priority assigned to each manageable load.

En una realizacion, el dispositivo puede obtener el coste de la energfa electrica para el perfodo de gestion determinado, y donde el criterio de optimizacion incluye el coste de la energfa. En otra realizacion, el criterio de optimizacion puede comprender la masa de CO2 equivalente emitida por las cargas gestionables. En otra realizacion diferente, el criterio de optimizacion podrfa comprender la eficiencia real del sistema de generacion de la instalacion, o cualquier combinacion de los criterios anteriores. El criterio de optimizacion tambien puede incluir otros criterios. In one embodiment, the device can obtain the cost of electrical energy for the determined management period, and where the optimization criterion includes the cost of energy. In another embodiment, the optimization criterion may comprise the mass of CO2 equivalent emitted by the manageable loads. In another different embodiment, the optimization criterion could comprise the actual efficiency of the system generating the installation, or any combination of the above criteria. The optimization criteria can also include other criteria.

El dispositivo evalua de forma iterativa la prelacion real de las cargas gestionables del sistema, el consumo real en cada instante, la proyeccion de la capacidad de generacion y otros parametros (como por ejemplo el coste energetico), y decide la activacion, regulacion o desplazamiento de la carga gestionada a un perfodo de consumo de energfa de la red optimo (economicamente, medioambientalmente o en base a cualquier otro criterio predefinido) en cada instante, evitando, en el caso de instalaciones no habilitadas para la inyeccion de excedentes de generacion a red, la entrada en funcionamiento de los equipos antivertido. El desplazamiento de la carga se refiere a aplazar el consumo de la carga a un momento posterior mas propicio para la optimizacion de los criterios elegidos. En el caso de realizar una gestion de optimizacion economica del despacho de cargas, el sistema tiene en cuenta el regimen tarifario del usuario para optimizar su perfil de consumo.The device evaluates in an iterative way the real prelacion of the manageable loads of the system, the real consumption in each moment, the projection of the capacity of generation and other parameters (as for example the energetic cost), and decides the activation, regulation or displacement of the managed load to a period of energy consumption of the optimal network (economically, environmentally or based on any other predefined criterion) at every moment, avoiding, in the case of installations not enabled for the injection of surplus generation network , the entry into operation of antifouling equipment. The displacement of the load refers to deferring the consumption of the load to a later moment more propitious for the optimization of the chosen criteria. In the case of performing an economic optimization management of the cargo dispatch, the system takes into account the tariff regime of the user to optimize their consumption profile.

El gestor de cargas inteligente estipula si una o varias cargas conectadas al sistema, consideradas cargas gestionables, deben ser conectadas, reguladas o desplazadas en funcion de los siguientes criterios:The intelligent load manager stipulates whether one or more loads connected to the system, considered manageable loads, must be connected, regulated or displaced according to the following criteria:

- El establecimiento de un orden de prioridad de cada consumo o carga electrica, y de las necesidades energeticas de cada una de estas cargas gestionables, seleccionadas, bien por el usuario, bien de forma inteligente por el propio dispositivo, como por ejemplo la necesidad de rellenar una reserva de agua previamente a la ejecucion de un riego gestionable, o la prediccion de las necesidades obtenida a partir del aprendizaje automatico del sistema.- The establishment of an order of priority for each consumption or electrical load, and the energy needs of each of these manageable loads, selected either by the user, or intelligently by the device itself, such as the need to fill a water reserve prior to the execution of a manageable irrigation, or the prediction of the needs obtained from the automatic learning of the system.

- La prevision de generacion de energfa electrica dispuesta para ser autoconsumida en un futuro.- The forecast of generation of electrical energy ready to be self-consumed in the future.

- Un criterio de optimizacion, como por ejemplo el coste (economico, medioambiental, etc.) actual y futuro de la energfa.- An optimization criterion, such as the current and future cost (economic, environmental, etc.) of the energy.

En resumen, el dispositivo presentado en la invencion optimiza el autoconsumo de la instalacion mediante la conexion, regulacion o desplazamiento de cargas gestionables en base al potencial de autoconsumo disponible, las necesidades energeticas de las cargas gestionables y criterios de optimizacion.In summary, the device presented in the invention optimizes the self-consumption of the installation by means of the connection, regulation or displacement of manageable loads based on the potential of self-consumption available, the energetic needs of the manageable loads and optimization criteria.

El dispositivo acomete los consumos programados para cada carga, en el tiempo y cantidad de energfa necesarios para satisfacer las necesidades de cada aplicacion. El dispositivo establece los perfodos en los que deben ser conectadas las cargas gestionables, bien a partir de energfa generada en la instalacion o bien a partir de energfa adquirida de la red de distribucion, en los instantes en los que se considere mas conveniente, siguiendo criterios de optimizacion definidos, preferentemente la minimizacion del coste energetico y/o de oportunidad de la energfa, reduccion de las emisiones contaminantes, criterios medioambientales u otros, de forma individual o combinada.The device undertakes the consumptions programmed for each load, in the time and amount of energy necessary to meet the needs of each application. The device establishes the periods in which the manageable loads must be connected, either from energy generated in the installation or from energy acquired from the grid. distribution, in the moments in which it is considered most convenient, following defined optimization criteria, preferably the minimization of the energy and / or opportunity cost of energy, reduction of polluting emissions, environmental or other criteria, individually or in combination .

En el caso de instalaciones no habilitadas para la inyeccion de energfa a la red de distribucion, el sistema evita las actuaciones del equipo antivertido, maximizando asf el potencial de autoconsumo de la instalacion y rebajando o eliminando la necesidad de instalacion de acumulacion de energfa electrica.In the case of installations not enabled for the injection of energy to the distribution network, the system avoids the actions of the antifouling equipment, thus maximizing the self-consumption potential of the installation and reducing or eliminating the need for installation of electrical energy accumulation.

La implementacion de la presente invencion implica una optimizacion energetica de cualquier instalacion de autoconsumo. Aunque puede gestionar y/o trabajar en paralelo con sistemas de acumulacion de energfa, la invencion permite la minimizacion de estos o incluso su supresion de forma competitiva, reduciendo de esta forma en gran medida los costes de inversion de las instalaciones de autoconsumo.The implementation of the present invention involves an energy optimization of any self-consumption installation. Although it can manage and / or work in parallel with energy accumulation systems, the invention allows the minimization of these or even their suppression in a competitive manner, thus greatly reducing the investment costs of the self-consumption facilities.

En una optimizacion de indole economica, aplicado a un criterio de optimizacion de reduccion del coste energetico, el dispositivo de la presente invencion comprende las siguientes funcionalidades:In an optimization of economic nature, applied to a criterion of optimization of reduction of the energy cost, the device of the present invention comprises the following functionalities:

a) Construccion del perfil de coste de la energfa: mediante la descarga de datos externos (descarga de la tabla de precios de la energfa para el perfodo de gestion) se obtiene el regimen tarifario y el coste de la energfa, generando el perfil real de coste de la energfa que sera considerado como criterio de optimizacion.a) Construction of the energy cost profile: by downloading external data (downloading the energy price table for the management period), the tariff regime and the cost of the energy are obtained, generating the real profile of cost of the energy that will be considered as an optimization criterion.

b) Medida de los datos de consumos existentes: automaticamente, el sistema mide y registra los datos de consumo de la instalacion correspondiente.b) Measurement of the existing consumption data: automatically, the system measures and records the consumption data of the corresponding installation.

c) Establecimiento de prioridades de consumo y generacion de perfiles de carga: en base a estipulaciones predefinidas de prioridad de consumos y condicionantes intrfnsecos de las propias caracterfsticas de las cargas gestionables, el dispositivo establece un orden de satisfaccion de la demanda de las cargas gestionadas, generando para cada una de ellas los perfiles de consumo (o de activacion) optimizados.c) Establishment of consumption priorities and generation of load profiles: based on predefined stipulations of priority of consumption and intrinsic conditioning of the characteristics of the manageable loads, the device establishes an order of satisfaction of the demand of the managed loads, generating optimized consumption (or activation) profiles for each of them.

d) Evaluacion y proyeccion de la capacidad de autogeneracion de energfa: bien mediante medidas de la generacion existente y disponibilidad del recurso energetico, bien mediante la obtencion de datos externos o el uso y generacion de modelos deterministas o estocasticos, el dispositivo evalua la capacidad de generacion existente no limitada por las caracterfsticas del consumo y establece la capacidad de autogeneracion de energfa.d) Evaluation and projection of energy self-generation capacity: either through measures of the existing generation and availability of the energy resource, either by obtaining external data or the use and generation of deterministic or stochastic models, the device evaluates the capacity of generation existing, not limited by the characteristics of consumption and establishes the capacity for self-generation of energy.

El dispositivo propuesto en la presente invencion constituye un cambio de paradigma respecto a los equipos existentes actualmente, al optimizar la gestion de las cargas en funcion del autoconsumo de la instalacion y de una o varias variables de optimizacion que no se restringe al coste economico de la energfa consumida de la red externa, sino que puede incluir el impacto medioambiental de dicha energfa, la cuota de autoconsumo de la instalacion, la eficiencia real del sistema de generacion, entre otros criterios de optimizacion. Ademas, la presente invencion permite clasificar las cargas segun su prioridad absoluta y relativa y la capacidad de regulacion o interrumpibilidad.The device proposed in the present invention constitutes a change of paradigm with respect to currently existing equipment, by optimizing the management of the loads according to the self-consumption of the installation and of one or several optimization variables that is not restricted to the economic cost of the energy consumed from the external network, but may include the environmental impact of said energy, the self-consumption quota of the installation, the real efficiency of the generation system, among other optimization criteria. Furthermore, the present invention makes it possible to classify the loads according to their absolute and relative priority and the capacity for regulation or interruptability.

El dispositivo tambien incorpora las siguientes caracterfsticas:The device also incorporates the following characteristics:

- Capacidad de medida de los consumos existentes en la instalacion.- Capacity to measure the consumption existing in the installation.

- Capacidad de medida de la generacion y/o la acumulacion de energfa existente en la instalacion en cada momento.- Capacity to measure the generation and / or the accumulation of energy existing in the installation at any time.

- En el caso de operacion con criterio de optimizacion del coste economico de la energfa consumida de la red externa, el dispositivo puede realizar la descarga, tfpicamente diaria, de los valores actuales del precio del mercado electrico, dados normalmente de forma horaria, segun el regimen tarifario contratado por el usuario. De forma analoga, con otros criterios de optimizacion, se obtendrfan o calcularfan los valores de la variable o variables de optimizacion, tales como emisiones de masa de CO2 en funcion del mix energetico, en terminos horarios, u otros parametros analogos.- In the case of operation with criterion of optimization of the economic cost of the consumed energy of the external network, the device can perform the download, typically daily, of the current values of the electric market price, normally given in an hourly manner, according to the rate regime hired by the user. Similarly, with other optimization criteria, the values of the variable or variables of optimization would be obtained or calculated, such as emissions of mass of CO2 depending on the energy mix, in terms of hours, or other analogous parameters.

- Capacidad de permitir al usuario anular la gestion automatica de la carga o cargas que desee, de forma temporal o permanente.- Ability to allow the user to cancel the automatic management of the load or charges you want, temporarily or permanently.

BREVE DESCRIPCION DE LOS DIBUJOSBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

A continuacion, se describen de manera muy breve una serie de figuras que ayudan a comprender mejor la invencion y que se relacionan expresamente con una realizacion de dicha invencion que se presenta como un ejemplo no limitativo de esta.In the following, a series of figures which help to better understand the invention and which expressly relate to an embodiment of said invention which is presented as a non-limiting example thereof, are described very briefly.

La Figura 1 representa de manera esquematica las entradas y salidas del dispositivo para prosumo electrico inteligente de acuerdo a la presente invencion. Figure 1 schematically represents the inputs and outputs of the device for intelligent electrical smoke according to the present invention.

La Figura 2 muestra, de acuerdo a una posible realizacion, un diagrama de flujo con las etapas ejecutadas por el dispositivo para prosumo electrico inteligente.Figure 2 shows, according to a possible embodiment, a flow chart with the steps executed by the device for intelligent electric prosume.

La Figura 3 ilustra un diagrama de flujo de la subrutina que calcula un valor optimo del criterio de optimizacion.Figure 3 illustrates a flow diagram of the subroutine that calculates an optimal value of the optimization criterion.

REALIZACION PREFERENTE DE LA INVENCIONPREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

La presente invencion se refiere a un dispositivo para prosumo electrico inteligente, de gestion de cargas de una instalacion electrica, valido tanto para uso domestico como industrial, ya que puede operar en todo tipo de cargas, activandolas en el momento mas oportuno segun su consumo, el precio de la electricidad en cada momento u otros criterios de optimizacion.The present invention relates to a device for intelligent electrical consumption, management of loads of an electrical installation, valid both for domestic and industrial use, since it can operate in all types of loads, activating them at the most opportune time according to their consumption, the price of electricity at any time or other optimization criteria.

Por cargas gestionables se entienden todos aquellos dispositivos que requieran de energfa electrica para maniobrar, cuyo funcionamiento (incluyendo encendido y apagado) pueda controlarse, y su habito de uso no se restrinja a un instante concreto, sino que se pueda planificar en diferentes franjas horarias (por ejemplo, adelantar o retrasar el encendido con respecto a la hora habitual de trabajo). Asf, por ejemplo, en el ambito domestico las cargas gestionables pueden incluir diversos electrodomesticos (como lavavajillas, lavadora y secadora) que no requieran funcionar a una hora concreta.Manageable loads are understood to mean all those devices that require electrical power to maneuver, whose operation (including switching on and off) can be controlled, and their habit of use is not restricted to a specific time, but can be planned in different time zones ( for example, advance or delay the ignition with respect to the usual work hour). Thus, for example, in the domestic environment, manageable loads can include various household appliances (such as a dishwasher, washing machine and dryer) that do not require operating at a specific time.

El dispositivo para prosumo electrico inteligente esta integrado en un sistema de generacion de la instalacion, pudiendo decidir si autoconsumir energfa de dicho sistema de generacion (o incluso de acumulacion si fuera el caso) o de la propia red, de forma optima en cada instante en funcion de un criterio de optimizacion, tfpicamente el coste de la energfa.The device for intelligent electrical gassing is integrated into a system for generating the installation, being able to decide whether to consume energy from said generation system (or even accumulation if it were the case) or from the network itself, optimally at each moment in time. function of an optimization criterion, typically the cost of energy.

La Figura 1 muestra un diagrama de bloques en el que se representa el dispositivo (1) dispositivo para prosumo electrico inteligente, de gestion inteligente de cargas en instalaciones con autoconsumo, las cuales disponen de un sistema propio de generacion de energfa (por ejemplo, modulos fotovoltaicos) y, opcionalmente, unas baterfas para almacenamiento de la energfa generada.Figure 1 shows a block diagram in which the device (1) is represented for intelligent electrical smoke, intelligent management of loads in self-consumption facilities, which have their own system of power generation (for example, modules). photovoltaic) and, optionally, some batteries for storage of the generated energy.

En la Figura 1 se identifican las distintas variables de entrada del dispositivo (1):In Figure 1, the different input variables of the device (1) are identified:

- Datos de los criterios de optimizacion (2): por ejemplo, datos del coste de la energfa y regimen tarifario, coste de oportunidad de la energfa, emisiones asociadas al consumo de energfa externa, etc. - Data of the optimization criteria (2): for example, data on the cost of energy and tariff regime, opportunity cost of energy, emissions associated with the consumption of external energy, etc.

- Definicion de las cargas o circuitos gestionables (3), caracterfsticas de operacion y su prelacion teorica. Estas son variables definidas por el usuario, ya que la instalacion dispondra de cargas esenciales para el usuario cuyo funcionamiento no se puede reubicar, y como tal no son cargas gestionables por parte del dispositivo (1) (como las placas de induccion de la cocina, la iluminacion, el microondas, etc.).- Definition of the loads or manageable circuits (3), operation characteristics and their theoretical prelacion. These are variables defined by the user, since the installation will have essential loads for the user whose operation can not be relocated, and as such are not manageable loads by the device (1) (such as the induction plates of the kitchen, the lighting, the microwave, etc.).

- Restricciones de operacion de la instalacion (4), como por ejemplo la capacidad de generacion, la posible simultaneidad de cargas, la potencia maxima contratada, o condicionantes de consumo y horas de funcionamiento en las cargas gestionables. - Medida del consumo existente en la instalacion (5).- Operational restrictions of the installation (4), such as the generation capacity, the possible simultaneity of loads, the maximum power contracted, or consumption constraints and hours of operation in the manageable loads. - Measurement of the existing consumption in the installation (5).

- Medida de la generacion existente en la instalacion (6).- Measurement of the existing generation in the installation (6).

- Situacion actual de la capacidad del sistema de acumulacion de energfa (7) (si lo hubiera). En caso de exceso de generacion de energfa, la energfa sobrante se almacenarfa en los acumuladores de energfa de la instalacion, en caso de que disponga de ellos. En ese caso la energfa acumulada sera tenida en cuenta en el potencial de autoconsumo de la instalacion.- Current situation of the capacity of the energy accumulation system (7) (if any). In case of excess power generation, the remaining energy would be stored in the energy accumulators of the installation, in case you have them. In this case, the accumulated energy will be taken into account in the self-consumption potential of the installation.

Como variable de salida, el dispositivo (1) controla el encendido o apagado de las cargas gestionables, mediante unas ordenes (8) de conexion o desconexion. Todos los datos de operacion y las medidas capturadas por el dispositivo (1) pueden ser exportados a una plataforma externa de monitorizacion como, por ejemplo, un servidor (9).As an output variable, the device (1) controls the switching on or off of the manageable loads, by means of commands (8) for connection or disconnection. All the operation data and the measurements captured by the device (1) can be exported to an external monitoring platform, such as a server (9).

La Figura 2 muestra un diagrama de flujo con las etapas del procedimiento (10) implementado por el dispositivo (1) para prosumo electrico inteligente, un equipo electronico o informatico capaz de tratar senales de entrada y emitir senales de control a dispositivos, tales como reles que actuen sobre contactores capaces de conectar o desconectar la alimentacion de las cargas gestionables. Con el objetivo de alimentar el procedimiento de gestion, el dispositivo (1) ademas dispone de una interfaz para el acceso a los datos precisos para la realizacion del control automatico, que pueden incluir la lectura del consumo global de la instalacion, medidas del potencial de generacion, parametros definidos por el usuario (entre los que se incluyen la definicion de las cargas gestionables, sus perfiles de consumo y su prioridad estandar de conexion) asf como cualquier otra informacion necesaria para la gestion optima, como por ejemplo, informacion de la tarifa de consumo.Figure 2 shows a flowchart with the steps of the procedure (10) implemented by the device (1) for intelligent electric prosume, an electronic or computer equipment capable of processing input signals and emitting control signals to devices, such as relays that act on contactors capable of connecting or disconnecting the supply of manageable loads. In order to feed the management procedure, the device (1) also has an interface for accessing the precise data for the realization of the automatic control, which can include the reading of the global consumption of the installation, measurements of the potential of generation, parameters defined by the user (among which are the definition of manageable loads, their consumption profiles and their standard connection priority) as well as any other information necessary for optimal management, such as, for example, tariff information of consumption.

El procedimiento de gestion implementado por el dispositivo (1) es un proceso cfclico, que comienza en primer lugar en una etapa de inicializacion (12) en la que se inicializa la variable i (i=1), donde dicha variable i corresponde al numero de la carga gestionable (CGi) analizada en cada iteracion.The management procedure implemented by the device (1) is a cyclic process, which starts first in an initialization stage (12) in which the variable is initialized i ( i = 1 ), where said variable i corresponds to the number of the manageable load (CGi) analyzed in each iteration.

El procedimiento (10) comprende la definicion de las cargas gestionables y la obtencion de la demanda energetica (13) de cada una de ellas. En esta etapa se obtiene tambien el numero N de cargas o circuitos gestionables. Asf, por ejemplo, en una aplicacion domestica, el usuario puede definir el aire acondicionado como carga gestionable, y el dispositivo obtiene la demanda energetica asignada al mismo, que dependera del programa concreto seleccionado por el usuario. Toda la informacion de demandas energeticas de las cargas puede estar almacenada en una base de datos, con lo que el dispositivo (1) obtiene el programa seleccionado por el usuario, consulta la base de datos, y recupera la demanda energetica asignada a ese dispositivo y al programa seleccionado.The procedure (10) comprises the definition of the manageable loads and the obtaining of the energetic demand (13) of each of them. In this stage, the number N of loads or manageable circuits is also obtained. Thus, for example, in a domestic application, the user can define the air conditioning as a manageable load, and the device obtains the energy demand assigned to it, which will depend on the specific program selected by the user. All the energy demand information of the loads can be stored in a database, with which the device (1) obtains the program selected by the user, consults the database, and recovers the energy demand assigned to that device and to the selected program.

Esta primera etapa tambien puede incluir la evaluacion y establecimiento de prioridad, mediante la asignacion de las prioridades (13) de las cargas gestionables en base a las preferencias de usuario y la interrelacion entre las mismas, dado que las cargas gestionables pueden ser dependientes entre si. Por ejemplo, si se incluye tambien una lavadora, se puede asignar orden de prioridad 1 al lavavajillas y orden de prioridad 2 a la lavadora, en funcion de las preferencias o necesidades del usuario o mediante un proceso de aprendizaje automatico del sistema.This first stage can also include the evaluation and establishment of priority, by assigning the priorities (13) of the manageable loads based on the user preferences and the interrelationship between them, since the manageable loads can be dependent on each other . For example, if a washing machine is also included, priority order 1 can be assigned to the dishwasher and order of priority 2 to the washing machine, depending on the preferences or needs of the user or through an automatic learning process of the system.

A continuacion, se procede a la lectura del consumo real de la instalacion (14), accediendo a la informacion suministrada por los aparatos de medida de la instalacion (ej. contadores de energfa), y se comienza el proceso de gestion de cargas evaluando la carga gestionable iesima, comprobando (15) si i<=N, para determinar si se han realizado las iteraciones para las N cargas gestionables, en cuyo caso se inicializa (16) el numero de carga gestionable (i=1) para empezar de nuevo las iteraciones de la planificacion de las distintas cargas gestionables, por si quedara alguna demanda energetica PCGi sin satisfacer.Then, the real consumption of the installation (14) is read, accessing the information provided by the installation measuring devices (eg power meters), and the load management process is started by evaluating the manageable load, checking (15) if i <= N, to determine if the iterations for the N manageable loads have been carried out, in which case the manageable load number (i = 1) is initialized (16) to start again the iterations of the planning of the different manageable loads, in case there is any PCGi energy demand remaining unsatisfied.

En el paso (17) se comprueba si PCGi>0, esto es, si es necesario satisfacer el perfil de consumo o demanda energetica de la carga gestionable i-esima. En caso de que la demanda energetica de la carga i-esima se haya satisfecho (PCGi=0), se incrementa (18) el contador i (i=i+1). En caso contrario, se evalua (19) si Pmax_contratada+Pautoconsumo>=PCGi, para determinar la disponibilidad de potencia de la instalacion para suministrar la demanda energetica de la carga (PCGi), teniendo en cuenta la potencia maxima contratada de la instalacion (Pmax_contratada) y la potencia que pudiera proporcionar el sistema de generacion de la instalacion (Pautoconsumo). In step (17) it is checked if PCGi> 0, that is, if it is necessary to satisfy the energy consumption or demand profile of the i-esima manageable load. In case the energy demand of the i- esima load has been satisfied (PCGi = 0), the counter i (i = i + 1) is increased (18 ). Otherwise, it is evaluated (19) whether Pmax_contracted + Pautoconsumo> = PCGi, to determine the power availability of the installation to supply the energy demand of the load (PCGi), taking into account the maximum power contracted from the installation ( Pmax_contratada ) and the power that could provide the system of generation of the installation (Pautoconsumo).

Si se dispone de potencia suficiente para satisfacer la demanda de la carga gestionable, se calcula (20) un valor optimo Fmin del criterio o funcion de optimizacion que, en el caso de una gestion optima segun coste economico, corresponded con el precio de la energfa optimo disponible para la satisfaccion de la demanda de la carga gestionable, teniendo en cuenta su perfil de consumo. Asf, por ejemplo, si dicha carga gestionable i en el instante de ejecucion t del procedimiento de gestion descrito precisa de ser activada a potencia nominal constante durante hi horas, Fmin corresponded al precio horario de la energfa de la primera hora de los hi precios horarios mas baratos del perfodo restante, antes del reinicio de las demandas de carga (el perfodo de gestion comprende usualmente el dfa).If sufficient power is available to satisfy the demand of the manageable load, an optimum value Fmin of the criterion or function of optimization is calculated (20) which, in the case of an optimal management according to economic cost, corresponds to the price of energy. optimal available for the satisfaction of the demand of the manageable load, taking into account its consumption profile. Asf, for example, if the manageable load i at time of execution T management procedure described needs be activated at constant rated power for hi hours, Fmin corresponded to schedule price energfa the first hour of hi price schedules cheaper of the remaining period, before the restart of the load demands (the management period usually includes the day).

La Figura 3 representa, de acuerdo a una posible realizacion, un esquema de flujo de una subrutina que realiza el computo de Fmin. Para determinar Fmin, segun el ejemplo de la Figura 3, se obtiene la matriz m0 conformada por los pares de valores de hora, t, y valor del criterio de optimizacion F en el correspondiente tiempo t. Dicha matriz de datos pareados m0=(t, F) se ordena (25) segun F en orden creciente, obteniendo la matriz m1=(t,F). Segun el ejemplo expuesto de optimizacion de coste energetico, la matriz se ordenarfa por precio de la energfa, en orden creciente de precios horarios F. A continuacion, se trunca (26) la matriz anterior seleccionando unicamente las hi primeras filas, obteniendo la matriz truncada m2=m1(1 :hi,1:2), para seguidamente reordenar (27) la matriz m2 temporalmente, segun t de forma creciente, obteniendo la matriz reordenada m3. Por ultimo, se obtiene (28) el valor Fmin (Fmin=m3(1,2)), que corresponde al precio horario F de la energfa de la primera fila de la matriz resultante.Figure 3 represents, according to a possible embodiment, a flow scheme of a subroutine that performs the Fmin computation . To determine Fmin, according to the example of Figure 3, we obtain the matrix m0 formed by the pairs of time values, t, and value of the optimization criterion F in the corresponding time t. Said matrix of paired data m0 = (t, F) is ordered (25) according to F in increasing order, obtaining the matrix m1 = (t, F). According to the example given optimization of energy costs, the matrix ordenarfa by price energfa, in order of increasing times prices F. Then, it is truncated (26) the above matrix by selecting only the first hi rows, obtaining the truncated matrix m2 = m1 (1 : hi, 1: 2), then reorder (27) the matrix m2 temporarily, according t increasing, obtaining the reordered matrix m3. Finally, (28) the value Fmin (Fmin = m3 (1,2)) is obtained, which corresponds to the hourly price F of the energy of the first row of the resulting matrix.

Como se ha indicado, hi es el tiempo de funcionamiento restante de la carga gestionable iesima. Es decir, si la carga corresponde a una demanda constante diaria de 10 horas y ya ha estado operando 8 horas, hi=10-8=2 horas. Cuando ya no hay disponibilidad de la fuente de autoconsumo (por ejemplo, energfa solar) o no se preve que exista, se debe satisfacer el tiempo restante hi con consumo de energfa proveniente de la red electrica, de forma optima segun el criterio establecido. Por ese motivo, en primer lugar se genera la matriz m l con las horas de los precios mas baratos de energfa (o el factor de optimizacion correspondiente) ordenadas de menor a mayor coste asociado (paso 25), truncando despues la matriz a las hi horas que se precisan para satisfacer la demanda (paso 26) y finalmente la matriz resultante m2 se vuelve a ordenar (paso 27), pero en este caso por orden cronologico para realizar la adecuada programacion del encendido (y apagado) de la carga (matriz m3). As indicated, hi is the remaining operating time of the smallest manageable load. That is, if the load corresponds to a constant daily demand of 10 hours and has already been operating 8 hours, hi = 10-8 = 2 hours. When no availability of the power consumption (eg, solar energfa) or not foreseen any, should satisfy the remaining time hi-consuming energfa from the mains, optimally according to the established criteria. For this reason, first matrix ml is generated with the hours of the cheaper prices energfa (or factor corresponding optimization) ordered from lowest to highest cost associated (step 25), then truncating the matrix to hi hours that are needed to satisfy the demand (step 26) and finally the resulting matrix m2 is reordered (step 27), but in this case in chronological order to perform the proper programming of the ignition (and off) of the load (matrix m3).

A continuacion, se expone un ejemplo concreto para el calculo de Fmin. En el ejemplo, la carga gestionable precisa conectarse 10 horas el dfa de gestion, y ya se han satisfecho 7 horas, por lo que hi=10-7=3. A traves de la descarga de precios de la tarifa electrica horaria se obtiene la siguiente matriz m0=(t, F), ordenada temporalmente (de 0:00 a 12:00): Next, a concrete example for the calculation of Fmin is exposed . In the example, the manageable load needs to be connected 10 hours on the day of management, and 7 hours have already been satisfied, so hi = 10-7 = 3. Through the price download of the hourly electricity tariff the following matrix is obtained m0 = (t, F), temporarily ordered (from 0:00 to 12:00):

m0=(0:00, 4; 1:00, 5; 2:00, 6; 3:00, 2; 4:00, 7; 5:00, 8; 6:00, 3; 7:00, 1; 8:00, 9; 9:00, 10;m0 = (0:00, 4; 1:00, 5; 2:00, 6; 3:00, 2; 4:00, 7; 5:00, 8; 6:00, 3; 7:00, 1 ; 8:00, 9; 9:00, 10;

10:00, 11; 11:00, 12; 12:00, 13);10:00, 11; 11:00, 12; 12:00, 13);

Se obtiene la matriz m l ordenada segun F en orden creciente (paso 25):The ordered matrix ml is obtained according to F in increasing order (step 25):

m1=(7:00, 1; 3:00, 2; 6:00, 3; 0:00, 4; 1:00, 5; 2:00, 6; 4:00, 7; 5:00, 8; 8:00, 9; 9:00, 10;m1 = (7:00, 1; 3:00, 2; 6:00, 3; 0:00, 4; 1:00, 5; 2:00, 6; 4:00, 7; 5:00, 8 ; 8:00, 9; 9:00, 10;

10:00, 11; 11:00, 12; 12:00, 13);10:00, 11; 11:00, 12; 12:00, 13);

A continuacion, se obtiene la matriz truncada m2 con las hi primeras filas (paso 26):Next, the m2 truncated matrix is obtained with the first hi rows (step 26):

m2=(7:00,1; 3:00,2; 6:00, 3);m2 = (7: 00,1; 3: 00,2; 6:00, 3);

Se reordena la matriz m2 segun t creciente (paso 27), obteniendo m3: The matrix m2 is rearranged according to increasing t (step 27), obtaining m3:

m3=(3:00, 2; 6:00, 3; 7:00, 1);m3 = (3:00, 2; 6:00, 3; 7:00, 1);

Finalmente, se obtiene el valor de Fmin (paso 28):Finally, the value of Fmin is obtained (step 28):

Fmin=2.Fmin = 2.

Volviendo al proceso de la Figura 2, una vez obtenido el valor Fmin (20), el dispositivo cuantifica (21) la conveniencia de encender o mantener encendida la carga gestionable i-esima (CGi) si la parte del consumo de dicha carga mediante demanda de energfa de red o de otra fuente (sistema de acumulacion o similar) por el coste de dicho instante, F(t), es menor que desplazar el consumo fntegro de dicha carga i-esima al instante asociado al coste Fmin. Para ello se evalua si se cumple la siguiente condicion:Returning to the process of Figure 2, after obtaining the Fmin value (20), quantifies the device (21) whether to turn or keep alive the manageable load - th (CGi) if the proportion of consumption of said load by application of network energy or another source (accumulation system or similar) for the cost of said instant, F (t), is less than to displace the total consumption of said minimum load instantly associated with the cost Fmin. To do this, it is evaluated if the following condition is met:

(PCGi-Pautoconsumo) · F(t)<=PCGixFmin; (PCGi-Pautoconsumo) · F (t) <= PCGixFmin;

donde:where:

PCGi es la necesidad energetica de la carga gestionable i-esima correspondiente [W]. PCGi is the energetic need of the corresponding i-esima manageable load [W].

Pautoconsumo es el potencial de autoconsumo de la instalacion, resultado de la sustraccion a la capacidad de generacion (Pgeneracion) y de acumulacion (Acumulacion) el consumo total (Consumo) de la instalacion [W]: Pautoconsumo is the potential of self-consumption of the installation, result of the subtraction to the capacity of generation ( Pgeneration ) and of accumulation ( Accumulation ) the total consumption ( Consumption ) of the installation [W]:

Pautoconsumo=Pgeneraci6n+Acumulaci6n-Consumo;Pautoconsumo = Pgeneration + Accumulation-Consumption;

donde:where:

Pgeneracion es la capacidad de generacion de la instalacion. Pgeneration is the capacity of generation of the installation.

Acumulacion es la acumulacion energetica actual de la instalacion. Accumulation is the current energetic accumulation of the installation.

Consumo es el consumo total de la instalacion. Consumption is the total consumption of the installation.

F(t) es el valor del criterio de optimizacion en el instante t (en una optimizacion exclusivamente economica comprenderfa el precio de la energfa). F (t) is the value of the optimization criterion at time t (in a purely economic optimization it would comprise the price of energy).

Fmin es el valor del criterio de optimizacion mfnimo en el perfodo comprendido entre el instante de ejecucion t y el final del ciclo de operacion del procedimiento. Fmin is the value of the minimum optimization criterion in the period between the instant of execution t and the end of the operation cycle of the procedure.

En caso de que se cumpla la condicion del paso (21), se activa (22) o se mantiene encendida la carga gestionable CGi. A continuacion, se descuenta (23) la demanda satisfecha del consumo CGi, hi=hi-1, donde hi es el tiempo de funcionamiento restante de la carga gestionable CGi hasta el final del ciclo de operacion del procedimiento. Finalmente, en el paso (18) se reinicia el ciclo de la rutina evaluando la siguiente carga gestionable (i=i+1). En el caso de alcanzar el numero maximo de cargas gestionables, N, se vuelve a evaluar la primera de ellas (paso 16).In case the condition of step (21) is met, the CGi manageable load is turned on (22) or turned on . Then, the satisfied demand of the CGi consumption , hi = hi-1 , is discounted (23) , where hi is the remaining operating time of the CGi manageable load until the end of the operation cycle of the procedure. Finally, in step (18) the routine cycle is restarted by evaluating the next manageable load (i = i + 1). In the case of reaching the maximum number of manageable loads, N, the first of them is re-evaluated (step 16).

Debe considerarse en todo momento que, en el caso de una instalacion sin inyeccion de energfa a red, el consumo de energfa debe ser siempre igual o superior a la generacion de la instalacion. Dependiendo del nivel de consumo, es posible que la generacion no se encuentre al maximo de su capacidad disponible. Por ello es preciso estimar su maxima capacidad de generacion en cada instante, lo que permitira determinar al sistema la energfa necesaria de consumo de la red de distribucion que satisfaga la demanda de la posible nueva carga gestionable en el sistema. La evaluacion del potencial de generacion maximo se puede determinar por diversos metodos, preferentemente a traves de la medicion directa del recurso energetico a explotar, modelos predictivos en base a variables indirectas o datos de fuentes externas. It must be considered at all times that, in the case of an installation without grid power injection, the power consumption must always be equal to or greater than the generation of the installation. Depending on the level of consumption, it is possible that the generation is not at the maximum of its available capacity. Therefore, it is necessary to estimate its maximum generation capacity at each moment, which will allow the system to determine the necessary consumption power of the distribution network that satisfies the demand of the possible new load manageable in the system. The evaluation of the maximum generation potential can be determined by various methods, preferably through the direct measurement of the energy resource to be exploited, predictive models based on indirect variables or data from external sources.

Claims (1)

REIVINDICACIONES 1. Dispositivo para prosumo electrico inteligente, caracterizado por que el dispositivo (1) comprende:Device for intelligent electrical smoking, characterized in that the device (1) comprises: una interfaz de usuario para obtener las cargas gestionables de una instalacion con autoconsumo y la demanda energetica de cada carga gestionable en un perfodo de gestion determinado;a user interface to obtain the manageable loads of an installation with self-consumption and the energy demand of each manageable load in a given management period; medios de lectura (14) configurados para obtener el consumo de la instalacion a traves de la lectura de los contadores energeticos de la instalacion;reading means (14) configured to obtain the consumption of the installation through the reading of the energy meters of the installation; medios de procesamiento de datos configurados para:data processing means configured for: determinar el potencial de autoconsumo de la instalacion en base a la capacidad de generacion de energfa, la acumulacion energetica y el consumo de la instalacion;determine the self-consumption potential of the installation based on the power generation capacity, the energy accumulation and the consumption of the installation; generar, para cada carga gestionable, un perfil de consumo optimizado que determinar los instantes de conexion y desconexion de la carga gestionable en el perfodo de gestion, donde dichos instantes de conexion y desconexion se calculan en base al potencial de autoconsumo disponible en la instalacion, la demanda energetica de las cargas gestionables y un criterio de optimizacion;generate, for each manageable load, an optimized consumption profile that determines the instants of connection and disconnection of the manageable load in the management period, where said instants of connection and disconnection are calculated based on the self-consumption potential available in the installation, the energy demand of manageable loads and an optimization criterion; medios de activacion de las cargas gestionables, configurados para enviar ordenes de conexion y desconexion de las cargas gestionables en el perfodo de gestion segun el perfil de consumo generado para cada carga gestionable. means for activating manageable loads, configured to send orders for connection and disconnection of manageable loads in the management period according to the profile of consumption generated for each manageable load.
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