EP3749544A1 - Charging systems for charging electrical energy storage devices in electric vehicles and associated methods - Google Patents

Charging systems for charging electrical energy storage devices in electric vehicles and associated methods

Info

Publication number
EP3749544A1
EP3749544A1 EP19707306.7A EP19707306A EP3749544A1 EP 3749544 A1 EP3749544 A1 EP 3749544A1 EP 19707306 A EP19707306 A EP 19707306A EP 3749544 A1 EP3749544 A1 EP 3749544A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
charging
charging system
energy storage
electrical energy
outlet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP19707306.7A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Sebastian Bode
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP3749544A1 publication Critical patent/EP3749544A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/62—Monitoring or controlling charging stations in response to charging parameters, e.g. current, voltage or electrical charge
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/11—DC charging controlled by the charging station, e.g. mode 4
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
    • B60L53/16—Connectors, e.g. plugs or sockets, specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/66—Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
    • H02J7/00045—Authentication, i.e. circuits for checking compatibility between one component, e.g. a battery or a battery charger, and another component, e.g. a power source
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • H02J7/04—Regulation of charging current or voltage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/28—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the electric energy storing means, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/30—AC to DC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
    • B60Y2200/91—Electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
    • B60Y2200/92—Hybrid vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2300/00—Purposes or special features of road vehicle drive control systems
    • B60Y2300/91—Battery charging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to charging systems for charging electric energy storage devices of electric vehicles. Moreover, the present invention relates to methods for charging electric energy storage of electric vehicles.
  • the interest here is directed to charging systems for La the electric energy storage of electric vehicles.
  • Such an electric vehicle may be a purely electrically driven vehicle or a hybrid vehicle.
  • different charging systems and charging methods are known. For example, a so-called
  • DC charging are performed, which is also referred to as DC fast charging.
  • an alternating current which is provided by a power supply network, converted using at least one transducer element or rectified rectified.
  • AC charging or AC charging is known.
  • the measuring devices used for this purpose or electricity meter must cover both in terms of electrical voltage, as well as in terms of electrical current a high dynamic range. While there are areas of the electrical voltage where charging actually does not take place, the charging current can become very small, even with a trickle charge.
  • Currently available measuring equipment for high DC currents reach a dynamic range of the current between 20 A and 550 A. With such measuring devices is thus an eichrechtskonforme measurement of electrical energy or performance in the trickle charge due to the required accuracy and the limited achievable dynamic range of the transducers and counter is not possible.
  • a charging system is used to charge an electric energy storage device of an electric vehicle.
  • the charging system includes an input for an alternating current, which is provided with an electrical energy source.
  • the charging system comprises at least one converter element for converting the alternating current into a direct current.
  • the charging system includes a charging outlet for connecting the La desystems with the electric vehicle.
  • the charging system is adapted to the at least one transducer element for
  • the charging system is adapted to the input for performing an alternating current of the electric energy storage to connect to the charging outlet.
  • the charging system can be used to charge the electrical energy storage of the electric vehicle.
  • the elec- cal energy storage can be in particular a battery, which may have a plurality of battery cells. This battery can also be referred to as a traction battery.
  • the electric vehicle may be a purely electrically powered vehicle.
  • the electric vehicle can also be a hybrid vehicle whose electrical energy store or its battery can be charged via a charging connection.
  • the charging system comprises the input to which the charging system is connected to an electrical energy source or a power supply network. An alternating current and / or an alternating voltage can be supplied to the charging system via this input. This alternating current can then with the at least one
  • Transducer element are converted into the direct current and / or a DC voltage clamping.
  • the at least one transducer element may comprise a rectifier.
  • the charging system has a plurality of transducer elements, which may be connected, for example, electrically in parallel.
  • the charging system comprises a charging outlet, where it can be electrically connected to the electric vehicle or to a charging port of the electric vehicle. At the charging outlet, a corresponding plug, a socket and / or a cable can be provided. If the electrical cal energy storage of the electric vehicle is supplied with the DC power, a DC charge or a so-called DC fast charging can be performed.
  • the charging system is also smartbil det to bind the input to perform an AC charging of the electrical energy storage with the charging outlet to ver.
  • the DC charging or the DC fast charging can be carried out. be led.
  • the AC charging or AC charging is possible.
  • the La desystems two different charging methods realized who the. Therefore, the charging system can be operated more flexible overall.
  • the charging system is adapted to first perform the DC charging and then switch to the AC power, if a current of the DC current falls below a predetermined threshold.
  • the water predetermined threshold can be, for example, 20 A.
  • a charging process in accordance with IEC 61851 can start. This can be made by means of a so-called 5% signaling on ISO 15118 order. After starting the charging process, the electric vehicle is charged with the DC fast charging technology. With increasing state of charge (SoC), the
  • Electric vehicle reduce the requested charging current or DC.
  • the charging system decides whether the charging process should be continued as a DC charging. For this purpose, it can be considered in particular special, whether the current intensity of the DC current falls below the threshold. It may also be provided that a change from the DC charging to the AC charging takes place if the state of charge of the battery has reached a predetermined value.
  • the switching or the change from the DC charging to the AC charging in dependence on at least one further criterion is performed.
  • a criterion for a customer request can come from a profile or an input.
  • the profile or the customer request can also be transferred from the electric vehicle to the charging system.
  • the current network situation or a state of electrical energy source or the Power supply network, which provides the alternating current are taken into account.
  • a current load that is, whether the components are needed for Schnellla tion at another charging outlet, be taken into account. Overall, this allows an efficient and user-friendly operation of the charging system.
  • the charging system has a direct current charging measuring device for determining the DC power required electric power or electrical energy.
  • the charging system in particular an AC charging measuring device for determining the electrical power required in the AC charging relationship or electrical energy. Characterized in that preferably switched from the DC charging to the AC charging tet, if the current of the DC current falls below the threshold value, it can be achieved that the dynamic range of the DC charging measuring device is sufficient. As already explained at the beginning, the dynamic range of the DC charging measuring device or of the energy meter for the direct current can be between 20 A and 550 A.
  • the electrical power required in DC charging can be averaged with the required accuracy.
  • the DC measurement can be done with a currently available DC charging measuring device or a DC counter in the first place.
  • the precision requirements for the components of the DC meter will be reduced by introducing the minimum measurable current, which will never be reflected in lower costs for the DC meter.
  • the required electrical power or energy can be determined using the AC charging measuring device or a corresponding energy meter for the AC and / or AC voltage.
  • Corresponding alternating current charging measuring devices or AC counters which are approved for all possible combinations of currents and voltages in AC charging, are on the market available.
  • billing can be done. By switching between the DC charging and the AC charging described above, the respective required electrical power can be accurately determined and thus the billing be performed precise.
  • the charging system preferably comprises a first switching device between the at least one converter element and the charging output, a second switching device between the input and the charging output and a control device for controlling the first switching device and the second switching device.
  • first switching device By means of the first switching device, the electrical connection between the at least one transducer element and the charging outlet can be switched. With the second Druckein direction, the electrical connection between the input of the charging system and the charging outlet can be switched.
  • the first and the second switching device can be controlled by means of the control device. Thus, it is easy to switch from the DC charging to the AC charging.
  • the charging system is configured to output a predetermined signal upon switching from the DC charging to the AC charging. If the charging system decides to change to the AC charge, it can signal this to the electric vehicle via the ISO 15118 protocol and charge again
  • the state "State E" can be signaled for a short time in order to avoid manipulation, the state-E signaling can be carried out in such a way that instead of the normatively required voltage of 0 V, a higher voltage is applied via a high-impedance resistor Actual unplugging of a charging cable can be detected in this way. strhack are released and may optionally be used otherwise.
  • the charging system is adapted to receive authentication data from the electric vehicle and to store the authentication data.
  • the authentication takes place via a method known from the prior art.
  • the authentication data who filed the so that they can be used for a subsequent charging again can be transferred and stored in the DC charging and thus used in the fol lowing AC charging.
  • the authentication data can be stored on a corresponding memory of the charging system.
  • the charging outlet is compatible with a Combo-2 vehicle clutch.
  • the charging outlet is designed as a so-called Combined Charging System (CCS).
  • CCS Combined Charging System
  • This vehicle clutch may correspond to the Type 2 vehicle clutch with two additional DC poles.
  • the charging output can have an AC part which has, for example, three connections for the phases, a connection for the neutral conductor and a connection for the protective conductor.
  • the AC part can have a connection to the dialogue between the charging system and the electric vehicle and a connection for limiting the charging current.
  • the charging outlet can also have a DC part with a positive and a negative terminal.
  • DC charging can be enabled.
  • the charging system has at least two charging outlets.
  • Each of the charging outputs can be connected to an electric vehicle.
  • the charging system may have a corresponding Steuerein direction and switching devices.
  • the high-priced components which are required for the DC charging when switching to the AC charging already be dynamically assigned to the other charging outlet of the charging system. Over there, a better utilization of the high-priced components can be achieved.
  • the charging system includes an input for an alternating current, which is provided with an electric power source.
  • the charging system includes at least one
  • the charging system comprises a charging outlet for connecting the charging system to the electric vehicle.
  • the charging system is designed to at least one
  • the charging system comprises a first DC charging device for determining the first
  • the charging system is designed to perform a second DC charging after the first DC charging, wherein the charging system has a second DC charging measuring device for Be tune the electrical power required in the second DC charging has.
  • another DC charging process can be performed after egg nem DC rapid charging, in which case another measuring device is used ge.
  • the current strength can be higher than the second DC charging.
  • the first direct current charging measuring device and the second direct current charging measuring device differ from one another with regard to their dynamic range.
  • a method according to the invention is used to charge an electric energy storage of an electric vehicle. The method includes converting an alternating current provided at an input of a charging system into a direct current by means of at least one transducer element.
  • the method involves performing a DC charging of the electrical energy storage device by connecting the at least one transducer element to a charging outlet of the charging system, wherein the electric vehicle is connected to the charging outlet.
  • the method comprises performing a Wech selstromladens the electrical energy storage after DC charging by connecting the input to the charging output.
  • a further method for charging an electrical energy store of an electric vehicle comprises converting an alternating current provided at an input of a charging system into a direct current by means of at least one converter element.
  • the method comprises performing a first DC charging of the electrical energy store by connecting the at least one
  • the method includes determining an electrical power required during the first DC charging by means of a first DC charging measuring device. Further, the method includes performing a second direct-current charging of the electric energy storage device after the first DC charging and determining an electric power required at the second DC charging by means of a second DC charging measuring device.
  • FIG. 1 shows a charging system for performing a Gleichstromla dens of the electrical energy storage of a
  • FIG. 2 shows a charging system according to an embodiment of the invention He for performing a DC charging as well as an AC charging of the electric energy gie appointmentss;
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of the charging system currency end of the AC charging
  • the charging system 1 shows a charging system 1 according to the prior art in a schematic representation.
  • the charging system 1 comprises egg nen input 2, which with an electrical energy source. 3 connected is.
  • the charging system 1 comprises at least one transducer element 4.
  • the charging system 1 comprises four transducer elements 4, which are electrically connected in parallel. When the transducer elements 4 is rectifier. With the rectifiers or the
  • Transducer elements 4 the voltage applied to the input 2 alternating current can be converted into a direct current.
  • the charging system 1 includes a charging outlet 5, with which an electric vehicle for charging the electric energy gieaires the electric vehicle can be connected.
  • the charging outlet 5 comprises an AC part 6, which can be used for a Wech selstromladen, and a DC part 7, which can be used for a DC charging of the electrical energy storage.
  • the charging outlet 5 is designed as a combined charging system.
  • the DC part 7 has a positive and a negative terminal.
  • the AC part 6 has a protective conductor.
  • the AC part 6 has a connection to the dialogue between the charging system 1 and vehicle by means of analog signal (CP, control pin) and a connection for limiting the charging current by means of resistance coding (PP, Proximity Pilot) on.
  • CP analog signal
  • PP resistance coding
  • the controller 8 may receive data from an isolation monitor 9.
  • the charging system 1 comprises a first switching device 10, which can be controlled by means of the control device 8. In this way, the transducer elements 4 can be connected to the charging outlet 5.
  • a contactor 11 is provided.
  • the charging system 1 comprises a Gleichstromla the measuring device 12, by means of which the electrical Leis device can be determined during DC charging of the electrical energy storage.
  • This DC charging measuring device 12 has a dynamic range with respect to the current of about 20 A to 550 A. Thus, it is not possible that, for example, very low charging currents can be detected in accordance with legal requirements in a maintenance case.
  • FIG. 2 shows a charging system 1 according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the charging outlet 5 or its AC part 6 is fully populated here.
  • the AC part 6 also has connections for three phases and a neutral conductor.
  • a second path is provided, via which the input 2 can be connected directly to the charging outlet 5 or the AC part 6 of the charging outlet 5.
  • a second switching device 13 is provided, which can also be controlled by means of the control device 8.
  • an AC charging measuring device 14 located in this path, an AC charging measuring device 14. By means of this AC charging measuring device 14, the required during AC charging electrical power can be true.
  • a DC charging or a so-called DC rapid charging can be performed first.
  • the first switching device 11 can be closed and the second switching device 13 can be opened.
  • information can also be transmitted from the electric vehicle to the charging outlet 5 and thus to the control device 8.
  • This information may contain authentication information.
  • This authentication data can then be stored accordingly.
  • the required electric power can be summarized by means of the DC charging measuring device 12. If the current intensity of the direct current falls below a predetermined threshold value and / or the state of charge of the energy store has reached a predetermined value, the control device 8 can control the switching devices 11, 13 so control that the first switching device 11 is opened and the second switching device 13 is closed.
  • this threshold value is selected such that it lies within a dynamic range of the DC charging measuring device. Below this threshold for the DC current is then switched to the AC charging. During the AC charging, the required electric power can be accurately detected by the AC charging measuring device 14. Before switching between DC charging and AC charging, a signal from the control device 8 can be transmitted to the vehicle. For this purpose, a predetermined voltage applied to a resistor who the or a voltage of 0 V are output. Thus, the DC charging can be stopped. In the subsequent AC charging, the stored authentication data can be used.
  • FIG 3 shows an example of the charging system 1 during the Wech selstromladens.
  • the input 2 via the second switching element 13 to the charging outlet 5 and the AC part 6 is connected.
  • the required electric power is detected by the AC charging measuring device 14.
  • the information regarding the required electrical power can then be transferred to the control device 8.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of a charging system 1 according to another embodiment.
  • This charging system 1 to 2 summarizes charging 6.
  • the control device 8 Kings nen the respective switching devices 13 are controlled.
  • each charging outlet 6 is associated with a DC charging measuring device 12.
  • ei ne AC charging measuring device 14 for the two Ladeab gears 6 is provided.
  • FIG. 5 shows a charging system 1 according to an alternative embodiment.
  • This charging system 1 differs from the charging system 1 according to FIG. 1 by a further DC charging system.
  • Measuring device 12 ' In the present case, this DC charging measuring device 12 'is assigned to one of the converter elements 4.
  • a first DC charging process can be performed.
  • the required electric power using the DC charging measuring device 12 be true. If the current of the DC current falls below the predetermined threshold value, the first DC charging process can be terminated and a second DC charging process
  • the DC charging process can be started with a lower current.
  • the required electric power is determined using the second DC charging measuring device 12 '.
  • This second DC charging measuring device 12 ' may have a dynamic range that is below the dynamic range of the first DC charging measuring device 12.
  • the electrical power can be precisely determined and thus an accurate billing is possible.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a charging system (1) for charging an electrical energy storage device in an electric vehicle comprising: an input (2) for an alternating current, which is provided with a source of electrical energy (3), at least one transformer element (4) for transforming the alternating current into a direct current and a charge output (5) for connecting the charging system (1) to the electric vehicle, wherein the charging system (1) is designed to connect the at least one transformer element (4) to the charge output (5) for charging the electrical energy storage device with direct current and wherein the charging system (1) is designed to connect the input (2) to the charge output (5) for charging the electrical energy storage device with alternating current.

Description

Beschreibung description
Ladesysteme zum Laden von elektrischen Energiespeichern von Elektrofahrzeugen sowie dazugehörige Verfahren Charging systems for charging electrical energy storage devices of electric vehicles and associated methods
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft Ladesysteme zum Laden von elektrischen Energiespeichern von Elektrofahrzeugen. Darüber hinaus betrifft die vorliegende Erfindung Verfahren zum Laden von elektrischen Energiespeichern von Elektrofahrzeugen. The present invention relates to charging systems for charging electric energy storage devices of electric vehicles. Moreover, the present invention relates to methods for charging electric energy storage of electric vehicles.
Das Interesse richtet sich vorliegend auf Ladesysteme zum La den von elektrischen Energiespeichern von Elektrofahrzeugen. Ein solches Elektrofahrzeug kann ein rein elektrisch ange triebenes Fahrzeug oder ein Hybridfahrzeug sein. Aus dem Stand der Technik sind unterschiedliche Ladesysteme und Lade verfahren bekannt. Beispielsweise kann ein sogenanntes The interest here is directed to charging systems for La the electric energy storage of electric vehicles. Such an electric vehicle may be a purely electrically driven vehicle or a hybrid vehicle. From the prior art, different charging systems and charging methods are known. For example, a so-called
Gleichstromladen durchgeführt werden, welches auch als DC- Schnellladen bezeichnet wird. Hierbei wird ein Wechselstrom, der von einem Energieversorgungsnetz bereitgestellt wird, mithilfe zumindest eines Wandlerelements gewandelt bezie hungsweise gleichgerichtet. Darüber hinaus ist das sogenannte Wechselstromladen beziehungsweise AC-Laden bekannt. DC charging are performed, which is also referred to as DC fast charging. In this case, an alternating current, which is provided by a power supply network, converted using at least one transducer element or rectified rectified. In addition, the so-called AC charging or AC charging is known.
Für die Abrechnung gelieferter elektrischer Energie beim Gleichstromladen ist nach den gesetzlichen Anforderungen eine Messung des gelieferten Gleichstroms nach Kilowattstunden er forderlich. Die hierzu verwendeten Messeinrichtungen bezie hungsweise Elektrizitätszähler müssen sowohl hinsichtlich der elektrischen Spannung, als auch hinsichtlich des elektrischen Stroms einen hohen Dynamikumfang abdecken. Während es hin sichtlich der elektrischen Spannung Bereiche gibt, in denen eine Ladung tatsächlich nicht stattfindet, kann der Ladestrom gerade bei einer Erhaltungsladung sehr klein werden. Derzeit erhältliche Messeinrichtungen für hohe Gleichströme erreichen einen Dynamikumfang des Stroms zwischen 20 A und 550 A. Mit solchen Messeinrichtungen ist also eine eichrechtskonforme Messung der elektrischen Energie beziehungsweise Leistung bei der Erhaltungsladung aufgrund der geforderten Genauigkeit und des begrenzten erreichbaren Dynamikumfangs der Messwandler und Messzähler nicht möglich. For the billing of electrical energy supplied in the DC charging according to the legal requirements, a measurement of the supplied DC power kilowatt hours he required. The measuring devices used for this purpose or electricity meter must cover both in terms of electrical voltage, as well as in terms of electrical current a high dynamic range. While there are areas of the electrical voltage where charging actually does not take place, the charging current can become very small, even with a trickle charge. Currently available measuring equipment for high DC currents reach a dynamic range of the current between 20 A and 550 A. With such measuring devices is thus an eichrechtskonforme measurement of electrical energy or performance in the trickle charge due to the required accuracy and the limited achievable dynamic range of the transducers and counter is not possible.
Es sind Regelungen bekannt, welche die Erfassung der benötig ten AC-Energie, welche dann umgerichtet und geladen wird, ge statten. Darüber hinaus werden Geschäftsmodelle realisiert, welcher auf eine eichrechtskonforme Erfassung der Energie verzichten. Beispielsweise sind Zeittarife, Pauschaltarife und/oder kostenlose Abgaben bekannt. Darüber hinaus sind die DC-Schnellladesysteme für Ströme bis 500 A gerade erst im Aufbau, sodass sich das Problem in dieser Weise nicht stellt. Durch eine Reduktion des größten messbaren Stroms kann auch der kleinste messbare Strom reduziert werden. Regulations are known which provide the detection of the required AC energy, which is then converted and charged. In addition, business models are being implemented that do without the legally compliant recording of energy. For example, timetables, flat rates and / or free donations are known. In addition, the DC fast charging systems for currents up to 500 A are just under construction, so the problem does not arise in this way. By reducing the largest measurable current, even the smallest measurable current can be reduced.
Es ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine Lösung aufzu zeigen, wie ein Ladesystem zum Laden eines elektrischen Ener giespeichers eines Elektrofahrzeugs, insbesondere ein Lade system, welches ein Gleichstromladen ermöglicht, flexibler betrieben werden kann. It is an object of the present invention to aufauf a solution show how a charging system for charging an electric energy giespeichers an electric vehicle, in particular a charging system that allows DC charging can be operated more flexibly.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch Ladesysteme sowie durch dazugehörige Verfahren gemäß den Merkmalen der unabhängigen Patentansprü che gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Patentansprüchen angegeben. This object is achieved by charging systems and by associated methods according to the features of the independent claims. Advantageous developments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.
Ein erfindungsgemäßes Ladesystem dient zum Laden eines elekt rischen Energiespeichers eines Elektrofahrzeugs. Das Ladesys tem umfasst einen Eingang für einen Wechselstrom, welcher mit einer elektrischen Energiequelle bereitgestellt wird. Darüber hinaus umfasst das Ladesystem zumindest ein Wandlerelement zum Wandeln des Wechselstroms in einen Gleichstrom. Ferner umfasst das Ladesystem einen Ladeabgang zum Verbinden des La desystems mit dem Elektrofahrzeug. Dabei ist das Ladesystem dazu ausgebildet, das zumindest eine Wandlerelement zum A charging system according to the invention is used to charge an electric energy storage device of an electric vehicle. The charging system includes an input for an alternating current, which is provided with an electrical energy source. In addition, the charging system comprises at least one converter element for converting the alternating current into a direct current. Furthermore, the charging system includes a charging outlet for connecting the La desystems with the electric vehicle. In this case, the charging system is adapted to the at least one transducer element for
Durchführen eines Gleichstromladens des elektrischen Energie speichers mit dem Ladeabgang zu verbinden. Darüber hinaus ist das Ladesystem dazu ausgebildet, den Eingang zum Durchführen eines Wechselstromladens des elektrischen Energiespeichers mit dem Ladeabgang zu verbinden. Performing a DC charging of the electric energy storage to connect to the charging outlet. In addition, the charging system is adapted to the input for performing an alternating current of the electric energy storage to connect to the charging outlet.
Das Ladesystem kann dazu verwendet werden, den elektrischen Energiespeicher des Elektrofahrzeugs zu laden. Bei dem elekt rischen Energiespeicher kann es sich insbesondere um eine Batterie handelt, welche mehrere Batteriezellen aufweisen kann. Diese Batterie kann auch als Traktionsbatterie bezeich net werden. Bei dem Elektrofahrzeug kann es sich um ein rein elektrisch angetriebenes Fahrzeug handeln. Das Elektrofahr zeug kann auch ein Hybridfahrzeug sein, dessen elektrischer Energiespeicher beziehungsweise dessen Batterie über einen Ladeanschluss aufgeladen werden kann. Das Ladesystem umfasst den Eingang, an dem das Ladesystem mit einer elektrischen Energiequelle beziehungsweise einem Energieversorgungsnetz verbunden ist. Über diesen Eingang kann dem Ladesystem ein Wechselstrom und/oder eine Wechselspannung zugeführt werden. Dieser Wechselstrom kann dann mit dem zumindest einen The charging system can be used to charge the electrical energy storage of the electric vehicle. In the elec- cal energy storage can be in particular a battery, which may have a plurality of battery cells. This battery can also be referred to as a traction battery. The electric vehicle may be a purely electrically powered vehicle. The electric vehicle can also be a hybrid vehicle whose electrical energy store or its battery can be charged via a charging connection. The charging system comprises the input to which the charging system is connected to an electrical energy source or a power supply network. An alternating current and / or an alternating voltage can be supplied to the charging system via this input. This alternating current can then with the at least one
Wandlerelement in den Gleichstrom und/oder eine Gleichspan nung gewandelt werden. Das zumindest eine Wandlerelement kann einen Gleichrichter aufweisen. Es kann auch vorgesehen sein, dass das Ladesystem mehrere Wandlerelemente aufweist, welche beispielsweise elektrisch parallel geschaltet sein können. Darüber hinaus umfasst das Ladesystem einen Ladeabgang, an welchem es elektrisch mit dem Elektrofahrzeug beziehungsweise mit einem Ladeanschluss des Elektrofahrzeugs verbunden werden kann. An dem Ladeabgang kann ein entsprechender Stecker, eine Buchse und/oder ein Kabel vorgesehen sein. Wenn der elektri sche Energiespeicher des Elektrofahrzeugs mit dem Gleichstrom versorgt wird, kann eine Gleichstromladung beziehungsweise ein sogenanntes DC-Schnellladen durchgeführt werden. Transducer element are converted into the direct current and / or a DC voltage clamping. The at least one transducer element may comprise a rectifier. It can also be provided that the charging system has a plurality of transducer elements, which may be connected, for example, electrically in parallel. In addition, the charging system comprises a charging outlet, where it can be electrically connected to the electric vehicle or to a charging port of the electric vehicle. At the charging outlet, a corresponding plug, a socket and / or a cable can be provided. If the electrical cal energy storage of the electric vehicle is supplied with the DC power, a DC charge or a so-called DC fast charging can be performed.
Gemäß einem wesentlichen Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es vorgesehen, dass das Ladesystem ferner dazu ausgebil det ist, den Eingang zum Durchführen eines Wechselstromladens des elektrischen Energiespeichers mit dem Ladeabgang zu ver binden. Mithilfe des Ladesystems kann also einerseits das Gleichstromladen beziehungsweise das DC-Schnellladen durchge- führt werden. Darüber hinaus wird das Wechselstromladen be ziehungsweise AC-Laden möglich. Somit können mithilfe des La desystems zwei unterschiedliche Ladeverfahren realisiert wer den. Daher kann das Ladesystem insgesamt flexibler betrieben werden . According to an essential aspect of the present invention, it is provided that the charging system is also ausgebil det to bind the input to perform an AC charging of the electrical energy storage with the charging outlet to ver. With the aid of the charging system, on the one hand, the DC charging or the DC fast charging can be carried out. be led. In addition, the AC charging or AC charging is possible. Thus, using the La desystems two different charging methods realized who the. Therefore, the charging system can be operated more flexible overall.
Bevorzugt ist das Ladesystem dazu ausgebildet, zunächst das Gleichstromladen durchzuführen und danach auf das Wechsel stromladen umzuschalten, falls eine Stromstärke des Gleich stroms einen vorbestimmten Schwellenwert unterschreitet. Die ser vorbestimmte Schwellwert kann beispielsweise bei 20 A liegen. Nach dem Verbinden des Ladesystems mit dem Elektro fahrzeug beziehungsweise nach dem Einstecken des Ladekabels kann ein Ladevorgang gemäß IEC 61851 starten. Dieser kann mittels einer sogenannten 5%-Signalisierung auf ISO 15118 um gestellt werden. Nach dem Start des Ladevorgangs wird das Elektrofahrzeug mit der DC-Schnellladetechnik geladen. Mit steigendem Ladezustand (SoC - State of Charge) wird das Preferably, the charging system is adapted to first perform the DC charging and then switch to the AC power, if a current of the DC current falls below a predetermined threshold. The water predetermined threshold can be, for example, 20 A. After connecting the charging system with the electric vehicle or after plugging in the charging cable, a charging process in accordance with IEC 61851 can start. This can be made by means of a so-called 5% signaling on ISO 15118 order. After starting the charging process, the electric vehicle is charged with the DC fast charging technology. With increasing state of charge (SoC), the
Elektrofahrzeug den angeforderten Ladestrom beziehungsweise Gleichstrom verringern. Basierend auf dem angeforderten Lade strom entscheidet das Ladesystem, ob der Ladevorgang als Gleichstromladen fortgeführt werden soll. Hierzu kann insbe sondere berücksichtigt werden, ob die Stromstärke des Gleich stroms den Schwellwert unterschreitet. Es kann auch vorgese hen sein, dass ein Wechsel von dem Gleichstromladen zu dem Wechselstromladen erfolgt, falls der Ladezustand der Batterie einen vorbestimmten Wert erreicht hat. Electric vehicle reduce the requested charging current or DC. Based on the requested charging current, the charging system decides whether the charging process should be continued as a DC charging. For this purpose, it can be considered in particular special, whether the current intensity of the DC current falls below the threshold. It may also be provided that a change from the DC charging to the AC charging takes place if the state of charge of the battery has reached a predetermined value.
Dabei ist es bevorzugt vorgesehen, dass das Umschalten bezie hungsweise der Wechsel von dem Gleichstromladen auf das Wech selstromladen in Abhängigkeit von zumindest einem weiteren Kriterium durchgeführt wird. Beispielsweise kann als Kriteri um ein Kundenwunsch berücksichtigt werden. Dieser Kunden wunsch kann dabei aus einem Profil oder einer Eingabe stam men. Das Profil beziehungsweise der Kundenwunsch kann auch von dem Elektrofahrzeug zu dem Ladesystem übertragen werden. Darüber hinaus kann die aktuelle Netzsituation beziehungswei se ein Zustand elektrischen Energiequelle beziehungsweise des Energieversorgungsnetzes, welches den Wechselstrom bereit stellt, berücksichtigt werden. Außerdem kann eine aktuelle Auslastung, das heißt, ob die Komponenten für die Schnellla dung an einem anderen Ladeabgang benötigt werden, berücksich tigt werden. Dies ermöglicht insgesamt einen effizienten und nutzerfreundlichen Betrieb des Ladesystems. In this case, it is preferably provided that the switching or the change from the DC charging to the AC charging in dependence on at least one further criterion is performed. For example, can be considered as a criterion for a customer request. This customer request can come from a profile or an input. The profile or the customer request can also be transferred from the electric vehicle to the charging system. In addition, the current network situation or a state of electrical energy source or the Power supply network, which provides the alternating current, are taken into account. In addition, a current load, that is, whether the components are needed for Schnellla tion at another charging outlet, be taken into account. Overall, this allows an efficient and user-friendly operation of the charging system.
In einer Ausführungsform weist das Ladesystem eine Gleich stromlade-Messeinrichtung zum Bestimmen der beim Gleichstrom laden benötigten elektrischen Leistung beziehungsweise elekt rischen Energie auf. Zudem weist das Ladesystem insbesondere eine Wechselstromlade-Messeinrichtung zum Bestimmen der beim Wechselstromladen benötigten elektrischen Leistung bezie hungsweise elektrischen Energie auf. Dadurch, dass bevorzugt von dem Gleichstromladen auf das Wechselstromladen umgeschal tet wird, falls die Stromstärke des Gleichstroms den Schwell wert unterschreitet, kann erreicht werden, dass der Dynamik umfang der Gleichstromlade-Messeinrichtung ausreichend ist. Wie bereits eingangs erläutert kann der Dynamikumfang der Gleichstromlade-Messeinrichtung beziehungsweise des Energie zählers für den Gleichstrom zwischen 20 A und 550 A liegen.In one embodiment, the charging system has a direct current charging measuring device for determining the DC power required electric power or electrical energy. In addition, the charging system in particular an AC charging measuring device for determining the electrical power required in the AC charging relationship or electrical energy. Characterized in that preferably switched from the DC charging to the AC charging tet, if the current of the DC current falls below the threshold value, it can be achieved that the dynamic range of the DC charging measuring device is sufficient. As already explained at the beginning, the dynamic range of the DC charging measuring device or of the energy meter for the direct current can be between 20 A and 550 A.
In diesem Bereich kann die beim Gleichstromladen benötigte elektrische Leistung mit der erforderlichen Genauigkeit er mittelt werden. Somit kann die DC-Messung mit einer derzeit erhältlichen Gleichstromlade-Messeinrichtung beziehungsweise einem DC-Zähler überhaupt erst erfolgen. Auch zukünftig wer den die Genauigkeitsanforderungen an die Komponenten des DC- Zählers durch Einführung des minimalen messbaren Stroms redu ziert, was sich in niedrigere Kosten für den DC-Zähler nie derschlägt. Falls dieser Bereich verlassen wird, kann bevor zugt auf das Wechselstromladen gewechselt werden. Hier kann dann die benötigte elektrische Leistung oder Energie mithilfe der Wechselstromlade-Messeinrichtung beziehungsweise einem entsprechenden Energiezähler für den Wechselstrom und/oder die Wechselspannung ermittelt werden. Entsprechende Wechsel stromlade-Messeinrichtungen beziehungsweise AC-Zähler, welche für alle beim Wechselstromladen möglichen Kombinationen von Strömen und Spannungen zugelassen sind, sind auf dem Markt erhältlich. Auf Grundlage der jeweils benötigten elektrischen Leistung während des Gleichstromladens und des Wechselstrom ladens kann dann eine Abrechnung erfolgen. Durch das zuvor beschriebene Umschalten zwischen dem Gleichstromladen und dem Wechselstromladen kann die jeweils benötigte elektrische Leistung genau bestimmt werden und somit die Abrechnung prä zise durchgeführt werden. In this area, the electrical power required in DC charging can be averaged with the required accuracy. Thus, the DC measurement can be done with a currently available DC charging measuring device or a DC counter in the first place. In the future, too, the precision requirements for the components of the DC meter will be reduced by introducing the minimum measurable current, which will never be reflected in lower costs for the DC meter. If this area is left, you can first switch to AC charging. Here then the required electrical power or energy can be determined using the AC charging measuring device or a corresponding energy meter for the AC and / or AC voltage. Corresponding alternating current charging measuring devices or AC counters, which are approved for all possible combinations of currents and voltages in AC charging, are on the market available. On the basis of the respective required electrical power during the DC charging and the AC charging then billing can be done. By switching between the DC charging and the AC charging described above, the respective required electrical power can be accurately determined and thus the billing be performed precise.
Bevorzugt umfasst das Ladesystem eine erste Schalteinrichtung zwischen dem zumindest einen Wandlerelement und dem Ladeab gang, eine zweite Schalteinrichtung zwischen dem Eingang und dem Ladeabgang und eine Steuereinrichtung zum Steuern der ersten Schalteinrichtung und der zweiten Schalteinrichtung. Mithilfe der ersten Schalteinrichtung kann die elektrische Verbindung zwischen dem zumindest einen Wandlerelement und dem Ladeabgang geschaltet werden. Mit der zweiten Schaltein richtung kann die elektrische Verbindung zwischen dem Eingang des Ladesystems und dem Ladeabgang geschaltet werden. Die erste und die zweite Schalteinrichtung können mithilfe der Steuereinrichtung angesteuert werden. Somit kann auf einfache Weise von dem Gleichstromladen auf das Wechselstromladen um geschaltet werden. The charging system preferably comprises a first switching device between the at least one converter element and the charging output, a second switching device between the input and the charging output and a control device for controlling the first switching device and the second switching device. By means of the first switching device, the electrical connection between the at least one transducer element and the charging outlet can be switched. With the second Schaltein direction, the electrical connection between the input of the charging system and the charging outlet can be switched. The first and the second switching device can be controlled by means of the control device. Thus, it is easy to switch from the DC charging to the AC charging.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform ist das Ladesystem dazu ausgebildet, bei dem Umschalten von dem Gleichstromladen zu dem Wechselstromladen ein vorbestimmtes Signal auszugeben. Entscheidet sich das Ladesystem zum Wechsel auf die AC-Ladung kann sie dies dem Elektrofahrzeug über das Protokoll gemäß ISO 15118 signalisieren und einen neuen Ladevorgang auf In another embodiment, the charging system is configured to output a predetermined signal upon switching from the DC charging to the AC charging. If the charging system decides to change to the AC charge, it can signal this to the electric vehicle via the ISO 15118 protocol and charge again
Grundlage von IEC 61851 alleine starten. Hierzu kann bei spielsweise kurzfristig der Zustand „State E" signalisiert werden. Zur Vermeidung von Manipulationen kann die State-E- Signalisierung in der Weise ausgeführt sein, dass anstelle der normativ geforderten Spannung von 0 V eine höhere Span nung über einen hochohmigen Widerstand angelegt wird. Ein tatsächliches Abstecken eines Ladekabels kann auf diese Weise erkannt werden. Parallel hierzu wird der gesamte Schnelllade- sträng freigegeben werden und kann gegebenenfalls anderweitig verwendet werden. Start basis of IEC 61851 alone. For example, the state "State E" can be signaled for a short time in order to avoid manipulation, the state-E signaling can be carried out in such a way that instead of the normatively required voltage of 0 V, a higher voltage is applied via a high-impedance resistor Actual unplugging of a charging cable can be detected in this way. sträng are released and may optionally be used otherwise.
Gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform ist das Ladesystem dazu ausgebildet, Authentifizierungsdaten von dem Elektrofahrzeug zu empfangen und die Authentifizierungsdaten zu speichern.According to a further embodiment, the charging system is adapted to receive authentication data from the electric vehicle and to store the authentication data.
Die Authentifizierung erfolgt über ein aus dem Stand der Technik bekanntes Verfahren. Die Authentifizierungsdaten wer den allerdings abgelegt, sodass sie für einen nachfolgenden Ladevorgang wieder verwendet werden können. Beispielsweise können die Authentifizierungsdaten bei dem Gleichstromladen übertragen und gespeichert werden und somit bei dem nachfol genden Wechselstromladen genutzt werden. Insbesondere können die Authentifizierungsdaten auf einem entsprechenden Speicher des Ladesystems gespeichert werden. Somit kann eine Abrech nung auch nach dem Wechsel von dem Gleichstromladen auf das Wechselstromladen garantiert werden. The authentication takes place via a method known from the prior art. However, the authentication data who filed the so that they can be used for a subsequent charging again. For example, the authentication data can be transferred and stored in the DC charging and thus used in the fol lowing AC charging. In particular, the authentication data can be stored on a corresponding memory of the charging system. Thus, a billing can be guaranteed even after the change from the DC charging to the AC charging.
Bevorzugt ist der Ladeabgang zu einer Combo-2- Fahrzeugkupplung kompatibel. Insbesondere ist der Ladeabgang als sogenanntes Combinded Charging System (CCS) ausgebildet. Diese Fahrzeugkupplung kann der Typ-2-Fahrzeugkupplung mit zwei zusätzlichen Gleichstrom Polen entsprechen. Der Ladeab gang kann einen AC-Teil aufweisen, der beispielsweise drei Anschlüsse für die Phasen, einen Anschluss für den Nullleiter und einen Anschluss für den Schutzleiter aufweist. Zudem kann der AC-Teil einen Anschluss zum Dialog zwischen dem Ladesys tem und dem Elektrofahrzeug und einen Anschluss zur Begren zung des Ladestroms aufweisen. Der Ladeabgang kann zudem ei nen DC-Teil mit einem positiven und einem negativen Anschluss aufweisen. Somit kann einerseits ein ein- und dreiphasiges Wechselstromladen ermöglicht werden. Zudem kann das Gleich stromladen ermöglicht werden. Preferably, the charging outlet is compatible with a Combo-2 vehicle clutch. In particular, the charging outlet is designed as a so-called Combined Charging System (CCS). This vehicle clutch may correspond to the Type 2 vehicle clutch with two additional DC poles. The charging output can have an AC part which has, for example, three connections for the phases, a connection for the neutral conductor and a connection for the protective conductor. In addition, the AC part can have a connection to the dialogue between the charging system and the electric vehicle and a connection for limiting the charging current. The charging outlet can also have a DC part with a positive and a negative terminal. Thus, on the one hand, a single-phase and three-phase AC charging can be made possible. In addition, DC charging can be enabled.
Gemäß einer weiteren Ausgestaltung weist das Ladesystem zu mindest zwei Ladeabgänge auf. Dabei kann jeder der Ladeabgän ge mit einem Elektrofahrzeug verbunden werden. Somit wird es insbesondere ermöglicht, dass zumindest zwei Elektrofahrzeuge beziehungsweise deren elektrischen Energiespeicher gleichzei tig beziehungsweise parallel geladen werden können. Wie zuvor erläutert, kann das Ladesystem eine entsprechende Steuerein richtung und Schalteinrichtungen aufweisen. Darüber hinaus wird es somit ermöglicht, dass insbesondere die hochpreisigen Komponenten, welche für das Gleichstromladen benötigt werden, beim Umschalten zu dem Wechselstromladen bereits dynamisch dem anderen Ladeabgang des Ladesystems zugeordnet werden. Da rüber kann eine bessere Auslastung der hochpreisigen Kompo nenten erreicht werden. According to a further embodiment, the charging system has at least two charging outlets. Each of the charging outputs can be connected to an electric vehicle. Thus, it is possible in particular that at least two electric vehicles or their electrical energy storage simultane- ously or can be loaded in parallel. As explained above, the charging system may have a corresponding Steuerein direction and switching devices. In addition, it is thus possible that in particular the high-priced components which are required for the DC charging, when switching to the AC charging already be dynamically assigned to the other charging outlet of the charging system. Over there, a better utilization of the high-priced components can be achieved.
Ein weiteres erfindungsgemäßes Ladesystem dient zum Laden ei nes elektrischen Energiespeichers eines Elektrofahrzeugs. Das Ladesystem umfasst einen Eingang für einen Wechselstrom, wel cher mit einer elektrischen Energiequelle bereitgestellt wird. Zudem umfasst das Ladesystem zumindest ein Another charging system according to the invention is used to charge egg nes electrical energy storage of an electric vehicle. The charging system includes an input for an alternating current, which is provided with an electric power source. In addition, the charging system includes at least one
Wandlerelement zum Wandel des Wechselstroms in einen Gleich strom. Ferner umfasst das Ladesystem einen Ladeabgang zum Verbinden des Ladesystems mit dem Elektrofahrzeug. Dabei ist das Ladesystem dazu ausgebildet, das zumindest eine Transducer element for changing the alternating current into a direct current. Furthermore, the charging system comprises a charging outlet for connecting the charging system to the electric vehicle. In this case, the charging system is designed to at least one
Wandlerelement zum Durchführen eines ersten Gleichstromladens des elektrischen Energiespeichers mit dem Ladeabgang zu ver binden. Außerdem umfasst das Ladesystem eine erste Gleich stromlade-Messeinrichtung zum Bestimmen der beim ersten Transducer element for performing a first DC charging of the electrical energy storage with the charging outlet to ver bind. In addition, the charging system comprises a first DC charging device for determining the first
Gleichstromladen benötigten elektrischen Leistung. Dabei das Ladesystem dazu ausgebildet, nach dem ersten Gleichstromladen ein zweites Gleichstromladen durchzuführen, wobei das Lade system eine zweite Gleichstromladen-Messeinrichtung zum Be stimmen der beim zweiten Gleichstromladen benötigten elektri schen Leistung aufweist. Bei diesem Ladesystem kann nach ei nem DC-Schnellladevorgang ein weiterer DC-Ladevorgang durch geführt werden, wobei hier eine andere Messeinrichtung ge nutzt wird. Bei dem ersten Gleichstromladen kann die Strom stärke höher sein als beim zweiten Gleichstromladen. Dabei ist es insbesondere vorgesehen, dass sich die erste Gleich stromlade-Messeinrichtung und die zweite Gleichstromladen- Messeinrichtung bezüglich ihres Dynamikumfangs voneinander unterscheiden . Ein erfindungsgemäßes Verfahren dient zum Laden eines elekt rischen Energiespeichers eines Elektrofahrzeugs. Das Verfah ren umfasst das Wandeln eines an einem Eingang eines Ladesys tems bereitgestellten Wechselstroms in einen Gleichstrom mit tels zumindest eines Wandlerelements. Zudem umfasst das Ver fahren das Durchführen eines Gleichstromladens des elektri schen Energiespeichers durch Verbinden des zumindest einen Wandlerelements mit einem Ladeabgang des Ladesystems, wobei das Elektrofahrzeug mit dem Ladeabgang verbunden ist. DC charging required electrical power. In this case, the charging system is designed to perform a second DC charging after the first DC charging, wherein the charging system has a second DC charging measuring device for Be tune the electrical power required in the second DC charging has. In this charging system, another DC charging process can be performed after egg nem DC rapid charging, in which case another measuring device is used ge. In the first DC charging, the current strength can be higher than the second DC charging. In this case, it is provided in particular that the first direct current charging measuring device and the second direct current charging measuring device differ from one another with regard to their dynamic range. A method according to the invention is used to charge an electric energy storage of an electric vehicle. The method includes converting an alternating current provided at an input of a charging system into a direct current by means of at least one transducer element. In addition, the method involves performing a DC charging of the electrical energy storage device by connecting the at least one transducer element to a charging outlet of the charging system, wherein the electric vehicle is connected to the charging outlet.
Schließlich umfasst das Verfahren das Durchführen eines Wech selstromladens des elektrischen Energiespeichers nach dem Gleichstromladen durch Verbinden des Eingangs mit dem Ladeab gang . Finally, the method comprises performing a Wech selstromladens the electrical energy storage after DC charging by connecting the input to the charging output.
Ein weiteres erfindungsgemäßes Verfahren zum Laden eines elektrischen Energiespeichers eines Elektrofahrzeugs umfasst das Wandeln eines an einem Eingang eines Ladesystems bereit gestellten Wechselstroms in einen Gleichstrom mittels zumin dest eines Wandlerelements. Zudem umfasst das Verfahren das Durchführen eines ersten Gleichstromladens des elektrischen Energiespeichers durch Verbinden des zumindest einen A further method according to the invention for charging an electrical energy store of an electric vehicle comprises converting an alternating current provided at an input of a charging system into a direct current by means of at least one converter element. In addition, the method comprises performing a first DC charging of the electrical energy store by connecting the at least one
Wandlerelements mit einem Ladeabgang des Ladesystems, wobei das Elektrofahrzeug mit dem Ladeabgang verbunden ist. Des Weiteren beinhaltet das Verfahren das Bestimmen einer beim ersten Gleichstromladen benötigten elektrischen Leistung mit tels einer ersten Gleichstromlade-Messeinrichtung. Ferner um fasst das Verfahren das Durchführen eines zweiten Gleich stromladens des elektrischen Energiespeichers nach dem ersten Gleichstromladen und das Bestimmen einer beim zweiten Gleich stromladen benötigten elektrischen Leistung mittels einer zweiten Gleichstromlade-Messeinrichtung . Transducer element with a charging outlet of the charging system, wherein the electric vehicle is connected to the charging outlet. Furthermore, the method includes determining an electrical power required during the first DC charging by means of a first DC charging measuring device. Further, the method includes performing a second direct-current charging of the electric energy storage device after the first DC charging and determining an electric power required at the second DC charging by means of a second DC charging measuring device.
Die mit Bezug auf das erfindungsgemäße Ladesystem vorgestell ten bevorzugten Ausführungsformen und deren Vorteile gelten entsprechend für das weitere erfindungsgemäße Ladesystem so wie für die erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren. Weitere Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Ansprü chen, den Figuren und der Figurenbeschreibung. Die vorstehend in der Beschreibung genannten Merkmale und Merkmalskombinati onen sowie die nachfolgend in der Figurenbeschreibung genann ten und/oder in den Figuren alleine gezeigten Merkmale und Merkmalskombinationen sind nicht nur in der jeweils angegebe nen Kombination, sondern auch in anderen Kombinationen ver wendbar, ohne den Rahmen der Erfindung zu verlassen. The vorgestell th with respect to the charging system according to the invention preferred embodiments and their advantages apply correspondingly for the further charging system according to the invention as well as for the inventive method. Further features of the invention will become apparent from the requirements chen, the figures and the description of the figures. The features and feature combinations mentioned above in the description as well as the features mentioned in the description of the figures and / or features alone shown in the figures and feature combinations are not only applicable in the given combination, but also in other combinations, without the frame to leave the invention.
Die Erfindung wird nun anhand von bevorzugten Ausführungsbei spielen sowie unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügten Zeichnun gen näher erläutert. Dabei zeigen: The invention will now play on the basis of preferred Ausführungsbei and explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying Zeichnun conditions. Showing:
FIG 1 ein Ladesystem zum Durchführen eines Gleichstromla dens des elektrischen Energiespeichers eines 1 shows a charging system for performing a Gleichstromla dens of the electrical energy storage of a
Elektrofahrzeugs gemäß dem Stand der Technik;  Electric vehicle according to the prior art;
FIG 2 ein Ladesystem gemäß einer Ausführungsform der Er findung zum Durchführen eines Gleichstromladens so wie eines Wechselstromladens des elektrischen Ener giespeichers ; 2 shows a charging system according to an embodiment of the invention He for performing a DC charging as well as an AC charging of the electric energy giespeichers;
FIG 3 eine schematische Darstellung des Ladesystems wäh rend des Wechselstromladens; 3 shows a schematic representation of the charging system currency end of the AC charging;
FIG 4 ein Ladesystem, welches zwei Ladeabgänge aufweist; 4 shows a charging system which has two charging outlets;
und  and
FIG 5 ein weiteres erfindungsgemäßes Ladesystem zum 5 shows another charging system according to the invention for
Durchführen von aufeinanderfolgenden Gleichstromla- de-Vorgängen .  Performing consecutive DC load operations.
In den Figuren werden gleiche oder funktionsgleiche Elemente mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen. In the figures, identical or functionally identical elements are provided with the same reference numerals.
FIG 1 zeigt eine Ladesystem 1 gemäß dem Stand der Technik in einer schematischen Darstellung. Das Ladesystem 1 umfasst ei nen Eingang 2, welcher mit einer elektrischen Energiequelle 3 verbunden ist. Die elektrische Energiequelle 3, welche bei spielsweise durch ein Energieversorgungsnetz bereitgestellt werden kann, dient dazu, einen Wechselstrom und/oder eine Wechselspannung bereitzustellen. Darüber hinaus umfasst das Ladesystem 1 zumindest ein Wandlerelement 4. In dem vorlie genden Ausführungsbeispiel umfasst das Ladesystem 1 vier Wandlerelemente 4, welche elektrisch parallel geschaltet sind. Bei den Wandlerelementen 4 handelt es sich um Gleich richter. Mit den Gleichrichtern beziehungsweise den 1 shows a charging system 1 according to the prior art in a schematic representation. The charging system 1 comprises egg nen input 2, which with an electrical energy source. 3 connected is. The electrical energy source 3, which can be provided for example by a power grid, serves to provide an alternating current and / or an alternating voltage. In addition, the charging system 1 comprises at least one transducer element 4. In the vorlie lowing embodiment, the charging system 1 comprises four transducer elements 4, which are electrically connected in parallel. When the transducer elements 4 is rectifier. With the rectifiers or the
Wandlerelementen 4 kann der am Eingang 2 anliegenden Wechsel strom in einen Gleichstrom gewandelt werden. Transducer elements 4, the voltage applied to the input 2 alternating current can be converted into a direct current.
Darüber hinaus umfasst das Ladesystem 1 einen Ladeabgang 5, mit dem ein Elektrofahrzeug zum Laden des elektrischen Ener giespeichers des Elektrofahrzeugs verbunden werden kann. Der Ladeabgang 5 umfasst einen AC-Teil 6, welcher für ein Wech selstromladen verwendet werden kann, sowie einen DC-Teil 7, welcher für ein Gleichstromladen des elektrischen Energie speichers verwendet werden kann. Der Ladeabgang 5 ist als Combined Charging System ausgebildet. Der DC-Teil 7 weist ei nen positiven und einen negativen Anschluss auf. Vorliegend weist der AC-Teil 6 einen Schutzleiter auf. Zudem weist der AC-Teil 6 einen Anschluss zum Dialog zwischen dem Ladesystem 1 und Fahrzeug mittels Analogsignal (CP, Control Pin) sowie einen Anschluss zur Begrenzung des Ladestromes mittels Wider standscodierung (PP, Proximity Pilot) auf. Diese beiden An schlüsse sind mit einer Steuereinrichtung 8 des Ladesystems 1 verbunden. Zudem kann die Steuereinrichtung 8 Daten von einem Isolationsmonitor 9 empfangen. Des Weiteren umfasst das Lade system 1 eine erste Schalteinrichtung 10, die mittels der Steuereinrichtung 8 angesteuert werden kann. Auf diese Weise können die Wandlerelemente 4 mit dem Ladeabgang 5 verbunden werden. Darüber hinaus ist ein Schütz 11 vorgesehen. In addition, the charging system 1 includes a charging outlet 5, with which an electric vehicle for charging the electric energy giespeichers the electric vehicle can be connected. The charging outlet 5 comprises an AC part 6, which can be used for a Wech selstromladen, and a DC part 7, which can be used for a DC charging of the electrical energy storage. The charging outlet 5 is designed as a combined charging system. The DC part 7 has a positive and a negative terminal. In the present case, the AC part 6 has a protective conductor. In addition, the AC part 6 has a connection to the dialogue between the charging system 1 and vehicle by means of analog signal (CP, control pin) and a connection for limiting the charging current by means of resistance coding (PP, Proximity Pilot) on. These two connections are connected to a control device 8 of the charging system 1. In addition, the controller 8 may receive data from an isolation monitor 9. Furthermore, the charging system 1 comprises a first switching device 10, which can be controlled by means of the control device 8. In this way, the transducer elements 4 can be connected to the charging outlet 5. In addition, a contactor 11 is provided.
Darüber hinaus umfasst das Ladesystem 1 eine Gleichstromla den-Messeinrichtung 12, mittels welcher die elektrische Leis tung beim Gleichstromladen des elektrischen Energiespeichers ermittelt werden kann. Diese Gleichstromlade-Messeinrichtung 12 weist einen Dynamikumfang bezüglich des Stroms von etwa 20 A bis 550 A auf. Somit ist es nicht möglich, dass bei spielsweise sehr geringe Ladeströme bei einer Erhaltungsla dung eichrechtskonform erfasst werden können. In addition, the charging system 1 comprises a Gleichstromla the measuring device 12, by means of which the electrical Leis device can be determined during DC charging of the electrical energy storage. This DC charging measuring device 12 has a dynamic range with respect to the current of about 20 A to 550 A. Thus, it is not possible that, for example, very low charging currents can be detected in accordance with legal requirements in a maintenance case.
FIG 2 zeigt ein Ladesystem 1 gemäß einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung. Im Vergleich zu dem Ladesystem 1 gemäß FIG 1 ist hier der Ladeabgang 5 beziehungsweise dessen AC-Teil 6 voll bestückt. Der AC-Teil 6 weist zudem Anschlüsse für drei Pha sen sowie einen Neutralleiter auf. Ferner ist bei dem Lade system ein zweiter Pfad vorgesehen, über den der Eingang 2 direkt mit dem Ladeabgang 5 beziehungsweise dem AC-Teil 6 des Ladeabgangs 5 verbunden werden kann. Hierzu ist eine zweite Schalteinrichtung 13 vorgesehen, die ebenfalls mittels der Steuereinrichtung 8 angesteuert werden kann. Somit kann auch ein Wechselstromladen des elektrischen Energiespeichers des Elektrofahrzeugs ermöglicht werden. Darüber hinaus befindet sich in diesem Pfad eine Wechselstromlade-Messeinrichtung 14. Mittels dieser Wechselstromlade-Messeinrichtung 14 kann die beim Wechselstromladen benötigte elektrische Leistung be stimmt werden. 2 shows a charging system 1 according to an embodiment of the invention. Compared to the charging system 1 according to FIG. 1, the charging outlet 5 or its AC part 6 is fully populated here. The AC part 6 also has connections for three phases and a neutral conductor. Furthermore, in the charging system, a second path is provided, via which the input 2 can be connected directly to the charging outlet 5 or the AC part 6 of the charging outlet 5. For this purpose, a second switching device 13 is provided, which can also be controlled by means of the control device 8. Thus, an AC charging of the electric energy storage of the electric vehicle can be made possible. In addition, located in this path, an AC charging measuring device 14. By means of this AC charging measuring device 14, the required during AC charging electrical power can be true.
Wenn das Elektrofahrzeug mit dem Ladeabgang 5 verbunden wird, kann zunächst ein Gleichstromladen beziehungsweise ein soge nanntes DC-Schnellladen durchgeführt werden. Hierzu kann die erste Schalteinrichtung 11 geschlossen werden und die zweite Schalteinrichtung 13 geöffnet werden. Mit dem Verbinden des Elektrofahrzeugs und dem Ladeabgang 5 können zudem Informati onen von dem Elektrofahrzeug an den Ladeabgang 5 und somit an die Steuereinrichtung 8 übertragen werden. Diese Informatio nen können Authentifizierungsdaten enthalten. Diese Authenti- fizierungsdaten können dann entsprechend gespeichert werden. Während des Gleichstromladens kann die benötigte elektrische Leistung mittels der Gleichstromlade-Messeinrichtung 12 er fasst werden. Falls die Stromstärke des Gleichstroms einen vorbestimmten Schwellwert unterschreitet und/oder der Ladezu stand des Energiespeichers einen vorbestimmten Wert erreicht hat, kann die Steuereinrichtung 8 die Schalteinrichtungen 11, 13 so ansteuern, dass die erste Schalteinrichtung 11 geöffnet wird und die zweite Schalteinrichtung 13 geschlossen wird. Insbesondere ist dieser Schwellwert so gewählt, dass dieser innerhalb eines Dynamikumfangs der Gleichstromlade- Messeinrichtung liegt. Unterhalb dieses Schwellwerts für den Gleichstrom wird dann auf das Wechselstromladen umgeschaltet. Während des Wechselstromladens kann die benötigte elektrische Leistung mithilfe der Wechselstromlade-Messeinrichtung 14 präzise erfasst werden. Vor dem Wechsel zwischen Gleichstrom laden und Wechselstromladen kann eine Signal von der Steuer einrichtung 8 an das Fahrzeug übertragen werden. Hierzu kann eine vorbestimmte Spannung an einem Widerstand angelegt wer den oder eine Spannung von 0 V ausgegeben werden. Somit kann das Gleichstromladen beendet werden. Bei dem nachfolgenden Wechselstromladen können die gespeicherten Authentifizie- rungsdaten genutzt werden. When the electric vehicle is connected to the charging outlet 5, a DC charging or a so-called DC rapid charging can be performed first. For this purpose, the first switching device 11 can be closed and the second switching device 13 can be opened. With the connection of the electric vehicle and the charging outlet 5, information can also be transmitted from the electric vehicle to the charging outlet 5 and thus to the control device 8. This information may contain authentication information. This authentication data can then be stored accordingly. During the DC charging, the required electric power can be summarized by means of the DC charging measuring device 12. If the current intensity of the direct current falls below a predetermined threshold value and / or the state of charge of the energy store has reached a predetermined value, the control device 8 can control the switching devices 11, 13 so control that the first switching device 11 is opened and the second switching device 13 is closed. In particular, this threshold value is selected such that it lies within a dynamic range of the DC charging measuring device. Below this threshold for the DC current is then switched to the AC charging. During the AC charging, the required electric power can be accurately detected by the AC charging measuring device 14. Before switching between DC charging and AC charging, a signal from the control device 8 can be transmitted to the vehicle. For this purpose, a predetermined voltage applied to a resistor who the or a voltage of 0 V are output. Thus, the DC charging can be stopped. In the subsequent AC charging, the stored authentication data can be used.
FIG 3 zeigt beispielhaft das Ladesystem 1 während des Wech selstromladens. Hierbei ist der Eingang 2 über das zweite Schaltelement 13 mit dem Ladeabgang 5 beziehungsweise dem AC- Teil 6 verbunden. Während des Wechselstromladens wird die be nötigte elektrische Leistung mithilfe der Wechselstromlade- Messeinrichtung 14 erfasst. Die Informationen bezüglich der benötigten elektrischen Leistung können dann an die Steuer einrichtung 8 übertragen werden. 3 shows an example of the charging system 1 during the Wech selstromladens. Here, the input 2 via the second switching element 13 to the charging outlet 5 and the AC part 6 is connected. During the AC charging, the required electric power is detected by the AC charging measuring device 14. The information regarding the required electrical power can then be transferred to the control device 8.
FIG 4 zeigt eine schematische Darstellung eines Ladesystems 1 gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform. Dieses Ladesystem 1 um fasst 2 Ladeabgänge 6. Mithilfe der Steuereinrichtung 8 kön nen die jeweiligen Schalteinrichtungen 13 angesteuert werden. In dem vorliegenden Beispiel ist jedem Ladeabgang 6 eine Gleichstromlade-Messeinrichtung 12 zugeordnet. Ferner ist ei ne Wechselstromlade-Messeinrichtung 14 für die beiden Ladeab gänge 6 vorgesehen. 4 shows a schematic representation of a charging system 1 according to another embodiment. This charging system 1 to 2 summarizes charging 6. By means of the control device 8 Kings nen the respective switching devices 13 are controlled. In the present example, each charging outlet 6 is associated with a DC charging measuring device 12. Further, ei ne AC charging measuring device 14 for the two Ladeab gears 6 is provided.
FIG 5 zeigt ein Ladesystem 1 gemäß einer alternativen Ausfüh rungsform. Dieses Ladesystem 1 unterscheidet sich von dem La desystem 1 gemäß FIG 1 durch eine weitere Gleichstromladen- Messeinrichtung 12 ' . Diese Gleichstromladen-Messeinrichtung 12' ist vorliegend einem der Wandlerelemente 4 zugeordnet. Beim Laden des elektrischen Energiespeichers des Elektrofahr zeugs kann zunächst ein erster Gleichstromladen-Vorgang durchgeführt werden. Hierbei kann die benötigte elektrische Leistung mithilfe der Gleichstromlade-Messeinrichtung 12 be stimmt werden. Falls die Stromstärke des Gleichstroms den vorbestimmten Schwellwert unterschreitet, kann der erste Gleichstromlade-Vorgang beendet werden und ein zweiter 5 shows a charging system 1 according to an alternative embodiment. This charging system 1 differs from the charging system 1 according to FIG. 1 by a further DC charging system. Measuring device 12 '. In the present case, this DC charging measuring device 12 'is assigned to one of the converter elements 4. When loading the electrical energy storage of the electric vehicle can first zeugs a first DC charging process can be performed. Here, the required electric power using the DC charging measuring device 12 be true. If the current of the DC current falls below the predetermined threshold value, the first DC charging process can be terminated and a second DC charging process
Gleichstromladen-Vorgang mit einer geringeren Stromstärke ge startet werden. In diesem Fall wird die benötigte elektrische Leistung mithilfe der zweiten Gleichstromladen- Messeinrichtung 12' bestimmt. Diese zweite Gleichstromladen- Messeinrichtung 12 ' kann einen Dynamikumfang aufweisen, der unterhalb des Dynamikumfangs der ersten Gleichstromladen- Messeinrichtung 12 liegt. Somit kann während der jeweiligen Gleichstromlade-Vorgänge die elektrische Leistung präzise be stimmt werden und somit eine genaue Abrechnung ermöglicht werden . DC charging process can be started with a lower current. In this case, the required electric power is determined using the second DC charging measuring device 12 '. This second DC charging measuring device 12 'may have a dynamic range that is below the dynamic range of the first DC charging measuring device 12. Thus, during the respective DC charging processes, the electrical power can be precisely determined and thus an accurate billing is possible.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Ladesystem (1) zum Laden eines elektrischen Energiespei chers eines Elektrofahrzeugs umfassend: A charging system (1) for charging an electrical energy storage device of an electric vehicle, comprising:
- einen Eingang (2) für einen Wechselstrom, welcher mit einer elektrischen Energiequelle (3) bereitgestellt wird,  an input (2) for an alternating current, which is provided with an electrical energy source (3),
- zumindest ein Wandlerelement (4) zum Wandeln des Wech selstroms in einen Gleichstrom und  - At least one transducer element (4) for converting the Wech selstroms in a direct current and
- einen Ladeabgang (5) zum Verbinden des Ladesystems (1) mit dem Elektrofahrzeug,  a charging outlet (5) for connecting the charging system (1) to the electric vehicle,
- wobei das Ladesystem (1) dazu ausgebildet ist, das zu mindest eine Wandlerelement (4) zum Durchführen eines Gleichstromladens des elektrischen Energiespeichers mit dem Ladeabgang (5) zu verbinden,  - wherein the charging system (1) is adapted to connect the at least one transducer element (4) for performing a DC charging of the electrical energy storage device with the charging outlet (5),
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass  characterized in that
- das Ladesystem (1) dazu ausgebildet ist, den Eingang (2) zum Durchführen eines Wechselstromladens des elektri schen Energiespeichers mit dem Ladeabgang (5) zu verbin den .  - The charging system (1) is adapted to the input (2) for performing an AC charging of the electrical energy storage device with the charging outlet (5) to the connec.
2. Ladesystem (1) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Ladesystem (1) dazu ausgebildet ist, zunächst das Gleichstromladen durchzuführen und danach auf das Wechsel stromladen umzuschalten, falls eine Stromstärke des Gleich stroms einen vorbestimmten Schwellwert unterschreitet. 2. charging system (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the charging system (1) is adapted to first perform the DC charging and then switch to the AC current charging, if a current strength of the DC current falls below a predetermined threshold.
3. Ladesystem (1) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekenn zeichnet, dass das Ladesystem (1) eine Gleichstromlade- Messeinrichtung (12) zum Bestimmen der beim Gleichstromladen benötigten elektrischen Leistung und eine Wechselstromlade- Messeinrichtung (14) zum Bestimmen der beim Wechselstromladen benötigten elektrischen Leistung aufweist. 3. charging system (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the charging system (1) a DC charging measuring device (12) for determining the required during DC charging electrical power and an AC charging measuring device (14) for determining the AC charging having required electrical power.
4. Ladesystem (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Ladesystem (1) eine erste Schalteinrichtung (10) zwischen dem zumindest einen 4. charging system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the charging system (1) comprises a first switching device (10) between the at least one
Wandlerelement (4) und dem Ladeabgang (5), eine zweite Schalteinrichtung (13) zwischen dem Eingang (2) und dem Lade abgang (5) und eine Steuereinrichtung (8) zum Steuern der ersten Schalteinrichtung (10) und der zweiten Schalteinrich tung (13) aufweist. Transducer element (4) and the charging outlet (5), a second Switching device (13) between the input (2) and the charging outlet (5) and a control device (8) for controlling the first switching device (10) and the second Schalteinrich device (13).
5. Ladesystem (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Ladesystem (1) dazu ausgebildet ist, bei dem Umschalten von dem Gleichstromladen zu dem Wechsel stromladen ein vorbestimmtes Signal auszugeben. 5. charging system (1) according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the charging system (1) is adapted to output when switching from the DC charging to the AC power a predetermined signal.
6. Ladesystem (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Ladesystem (1) dazu ausge bildet ist, Authentifizierungsdaten von dem Elektrofahrzeug zu empfangen und die Authentifizierungsdaten zu speichern. 6. charging system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the charging system (1) is designed to receive authentication data from the electric vehicle and to store the authentication data.
7. Ladesystem (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Ladeabgang (5) zu einer Com- bo-2-Fahrzeugkupplung kompatibel ist. 7. charging system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the charging outlet (5) to a combo-2 vehicle coupling is compatible.
8. Ladesystem (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Ladesystem (1) zumindest zwei Ladeabgänge (6) aufweist. 8. charging system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the charging system (1) has at least two charging outlets (6).
9. Ladesystem (1) zum Laden eines elektrischen Energiespei chers eines Elektrofahrzeugs umfassend: 9. charging system (1) for charging an electrical energy storage of an electric vehicle comprising:
- einen Eingang (2) für einen Wechselstrom, welcher mit einer elektrischen Energiequelle (3) bereitgestellt wird,  an input (2) for an alternating current, which is provided with an electrical energy source (3),
- zumindest ein Wandlerelement (4) zum Wandeln des Wech selstroms in einen Gleichstrom und  - At least one transducer element (4) for converting the Wech selstroms in a direct current and
- wobei das Ladesystem (1) dazu ausgebildet ist, das zu mindest eine Wandlerelement (4) zum Durchführen eines ersten Gleichstromladens des elektrischen Energiespei chers mit einem Ladeabgang (5) zu verbinden,  - wherein the charging system (1) is adapted to connect the at least one transducer element (4) for performing a first DC charging of the electrical Energiespei Chers with a charging outlet (5),
- eine erste Gleichstrommesseinrichtung (12) zum Bestimmen der beim ersten Gleichstromladen benötigten elektrischen Leistung,  a first DC measuring device (12) for determining the electrical power required in the first DC charging,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass - das Ladesystem (1) dazu ausgebildet ist, nach dem ersten Gleichstromladen ein zweites Gleichstromladen durchzu führen, characterized in that - The charging system (1) is designed to lead durchzu after the first DC charging a second DC charging,
- wobei das Ladesystem (1) eine zweite Gleichstrommessein richtung (12') zum Bestimmen der beim zweiten Gleich stromladen benötigten elektrischen Leistung aufweist.  - Wherein the charging system (1) has a second Gleichstrommessein direction (12 ') for determining the current required at the second DC electric power required.
10. Verfahren zum Laden eines elektrischen Energiespeichers eines Elektrofahrzeugs mit den Schritten: 10. A method of charging an electric energy storage of an electric vehicle, comprising the steps of:
- Wandeln eines an einem Eingang (2) eines Ladesystems (1) bereitgestellten Wechselstroms in einen Gleichstrom mit tels zumindest eines Wandlerelements (4), und  - Converting a provided at an input (2) of a charging system (1) alternating current into a direct current with means of at least one transducer element (4), and
- Durchführen eines Gleichstromladens des elektrischen  - Performing a DC charging of the electric
Energiespeichers durch Verbinden des zumindest einen Wandlerelements (4) mit einem Ladeabgang (5) des Lade systems (1), wobei das Elektrofahrzeug mit dem Ladeab gang (5) verbunden ist,  Energy storage device by connecting the at least one transducer element (4) to a charging outlet (5) of the charging system (1), wherein the electric vehicle is connected to the charging output (5),
gekennzeichnet durch  marked by
- Durchführen eines Wechselstromladens des elektrischen Energiespeichers nach dem Gleichstromladen durch Verbin den des Eingangs (2) mit dem Ladeabgang (5) .  - Performing an AC charging of the electrical energy storage after DC charging by connec the input (2) with the charging outlet (5).
11. Verfahren zum Laden eines elektrischen Energiespeichers eines Elektrofahrzeugs mit den Schritten: 11. A method of charging an electric energy storage of an electric vehicle, comprising the steps of:
- Wandeln eines an einem Eingang (2) eines Ladesystems (1) bereitgestellten Wechselstroms in einen Gleichstrom mit tels zumindest eines Wandlerelements (4),  Converting an alternating current provided at an input (2) of a charging system (1) into a direct current by means of at least one transducer element (4),
- Durchführen eines ersten Gleichstromladens des elektri schen Energiespeichers durch Verbinden des zumindest ei nen Wandlerelements (4) mit einem Ladeabgang (5) des La desystems (1), wobei das Elektrofahrzeug mit dem Ladeab gang (5) verbunden ist, und  - Performing a first DC charging of the electrical energy storage device by connecting the at least egg nen transducer element (4) with a charging outlet (5) of La desystems (1), wherein the electric vehicle with the Ladeab transition (5) is connected, and
- Bestimmen einer beim ersten Gleichstromladen benötigten elektrischen Leistung mittels einer ersten Gleichstrom lade-Messeinrichtung (12),  Determining an electrical power required during the first DC charging by means of a first DC charging device (12),
gekennzeichnet durch Durchführen eines zweiten Gleichstromladens des elektri schen Energiespeichers nach dem ersten Gleichstromladen und marked by Performing a second DC charging of the electrical energy storage rule after the first DC charging and
Bestimmen einer beim zweiten Gleichstromladen benötigten elektrischen Leistung mittels einer zweiten Gleichstrom lade-Messeinrichtung (12').  Determining a required during the second DC charging electric power by means of a second DC charging device (12 ').
EP19707306.7A 2018-03-19 2019-02-15 Charging systems for charging electrical energy storage devices in electric vehicles and associated methods Pending EP3749544A1 (en)

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PCT/EP2019/053832 WO2019179703A1 (en) 2018-03-19 2019-02-15 Charging systems for charging electrical energy storage devices in electric vehicles and associated methods

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