DE202006008936U1 - Photovoltaic generator circuit, has thin layer modules, where negative supply of photovoltaic generator is raised to value of fifty volts, and bias voltage source comprising current monitoring unit for detecting earth faults - Google Patents

Photovoltaic generator circuit, has thin layer modules, where negative supply of photovoltaic generator is raised to value of fifty volts, and bias voltage source comprising current monitoring unit for detecting earth faults Download PDF

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Publication number
DE202006008936U1
DE202006008936U1 DE202006008936U DE202006008936U DE202006008936U1 DE 202006008936 U1 DE202006008936 U1 DE 202006008936U1 DE 202006008936 U DE202006008936 U DE 202006008936U DE 202006008936 U DE202006008936 U DE 202006008936U DE 202006008936 U1 DE202006008936 U1 DE 202006008936U1
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photovoltaic generator
raised
voltage source
bias voltage
thin layer
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SMA Solar Technology AG
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02—Details
    • H01L31/02016—Circuit arrangements of general character for the devices
    • H01L31/02019—Circuit arrangements of general character for the devices for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
    • H01L31/02021—Circuit arrangements of general character for the devices for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The circuit has thin layer modules, where negative supply of a photovoltaic generator is raised to a value of fifty volts. A bias voltage source in the circuit comprises current monitoring unit for detecting earth faults.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Schaltung zur Erhöhung der Lebensdauer von PV-Generatoren, insbesondere mit Dünnschichtmodulen.The The present invention relates to a circuit for increasing the Life of PV generators, especially with thin-film modules.

PV-Generatoren oder auch Photovoltaikmodule wandeln Lichtenergie in elektrische Energie um und dienen schlussendlich als Energiequellen für elektrische Verbundnetze. Derartige Photovoltaikmodule können aus unterschiedlichsten Materialien aufgebaut sein und mit unterschiedlichen Technologien hergestellt sein. Gemeinsam ist all diesen Zellen, dass die Energieumwandlung in einer Halbleiterstruktur stattfindet, deren Vorder- und Rückseite elektrisch kontaktiert werden muss. Bei den sogenannten "Dünnschichtmodulen" erfolgt die Kontaktierung der dem Licht ausgesetzten Halbleiteroberfläche durch eine transparente, elektrisch leitfähige Beschichtung, der sogenannten TCO-Schicht (Transparent Conductive Oxide). Die TCO-Schicht verändert sich durch Korrosion unter dem Einfluss von Feuchtigkeit und Wärme nachteilig. Dies führt dazu, dass zunächst die solchermaßen betroffenen Bereiche des PV-Moduls ausfallen und nach und nach schließlich das gesamte PV-Modul seine Leistungsfähigkeit verliert. Bekannt ist dieser Prozess unter dem Begriff der sogenannten "TCO-Korrosion".PV generators or photovoltaic modules convert light energy into electrical Energy around and ultimately serve as sources of energy for electrical Interconnections. Such photovoltaic modules can be made of a variety of Materials are constructed and manufactured with different technologies be. Common to all these cells is that energy conversion takes place in a semiconductor structure whose front and back are electrically must be contacted. In the so-called "thin-film modules" contacting takes place the exposed semiconductor surface through a transparent, electrically conductive Coating, the so-called TCO layer (Transparent Conductive Oxides). The TCO layer changes due to corrosion under the influence of moisture and heat adversely. this leads to to that first the thus affected areas of the PV module fail and gradually the finally entire PV module loses its capacity. Is known This process is called "TCO corrosion".

In der Praxis wird beobachtet, dass die TCO-Korrosion vornehmlich an Materialien auftritt, die einer bestimmten elektrischen Feldstärke bzw. Feldrichtung ausgesetzt sind. So weisen insbesondere einige Dünnschichtmodule dann Schäden auf, wenn sie mit negativer Vorspannung gegenüber ihrer Umgebung betrieben werden. Die Vorgänge, die zu dieser Schädigung durch Korrosion führen, sind schlussendlich noch nicht vollständig geklärt, jedoch steht in Verdacht, dass eine solche Korrosion durch Wanderung von positiv geladenen Natriumionen aus dem Deckglas hin zum TCO hervorgerufen wird. Um diesen Schädigungsprozess zu verhindern, wird von Fachleuten vorgeschlagen, den negativen Anschluss des PV-Generators zu erden bzw. mit dem Neutralleiter zu verbinden, so dass die Solarzellen keine negative Spannung gegenüber ihrer Umgebung annehmen können.In In practice, it is observed that the TCO corrosion primarily Materials occurs that a certain electric field strength or field direction are exposed. In particular, some thin-film modules are damaged when they operated with negative bias relative to their environment become. The processes, the cause of this injury lead by corrosion, are not yet fully understood, but it is suspected that such corrosion by migration of positively charged Sodium ions are evolved from the coverslip to the TCO. To this damage process to prevent is suggested by professionals, the negative Connection of the PV generator to earth or with the neutral conductor so that the solar cells have no negative voltage to theirs Environment can accept.

Es hat sich allerdings herausgestellt, dass bei einem Langzeitexperiment, bei dem mehrere PV-Module mit verschiedenen positiven und negativen Spannungen gegen Erde ausgesetzt worden sind, auch solche Module Degradationserscheinungen zeigen, deren Anschlüsse mit dem Erdpotential verbunden sind. Die heute praktizierte Technik, den negativen Anschluss des PV-Generators zu erden, verhindert somit eine Modulschädigung nicht nachhaltig.It However, it has emerged that in a long-term experiment, in which several PV modules with different positive and negative voltages have been exposed to earth, even such modules degradation phenomena show their connections connected to the ground potential. The technique practiced today thus grounding the negative terminal of the PV generator a module damage not sustainable.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zu Grunde, PV-Generatoren aus Dünnschichtenmodulen so zu betreiben, so dass Schädigungen auf Grund elektrochemischer Prozesse verhindert werden.Of the The invention is therefore based on the object, PV generators thin-film modules to operate so that damages be prevented due to electrochemical processes.

Zur Lösung der Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagen, dass eine Einrichtung vorgesehen ist, durch die der negative Anschluss des PV-Generators auf ein positives Potential gegen Erde gehoben ist. Insbesondere ist vorgesehen, dass die Einrichtung, durch die der negative Anschluss des PV-Generators auf ein positives Potential gegen Erde gehoben wird, integraler Bestandteil des Wechselrichters einer solchen PV-Anlage ist.to solution the object is proposed according to the invention a device is provided by which the negative connection of the PV generator raised to a positive potential against earth. Especially is provided that the device through which the negative connection of the PV generator raised to a positive potential to earth is an integral part of the inverter of such a PV system.

Vorteilhaft umfasst die Einrichtung ebenfalls eine Vorspannungsquelle, wobei die Vorspannung z. B. auf 50 V begrenzt ist, um Personenschäden zu vermeiden. Insofern kann nach einer Variante vorgesehen sein, dass die Vorspannungsquelle berührsicher ist.Advantageous The device also includes a bias source, wherein the bias z. B. is limited to 50 V to avoid personal injury. In this respect, it can be provided according to a variant that the bias source shock proof is.

Zur Erkennung von Erdschlüssen ist vorteilhaft weiterhin eine Stromüberwachung der Vorspannungsquelle vorgesehen.to Detection of earth faults Furthermore, a current monitoring of the bias voltage source is advantageous intended.

Anhand der Zeichnungen wird die Erfindung nachstehend beispielhaft näher erläutert.Based of the drawings, the invention is explained in more detail below by way of example.

1 zeigt im Schnitt schematisch den Aufbau eines Solarmoduls; 1 shows in section schematically the structure of a solar module;

2 zeigt eine Schaltung nach dem Stand der Technik zur Erdung/Nullung des Minuspols des PV-Generators; 2 shows a prior art circuit for grounding / zeroing the negative pole of the PV generator;

3 zeigt die Schaltung in Bezug auf die erfindungsgemäße Lösung. 3 shows the circuit with respect to the inventive solution.

Gemäß 1 sind die möglichen Pfade für Leckströme eingezeichnet, die zur TCO-Korrosion beitragen. Der Anteil des Leckstromes l1 über das Deckglas ist dabei erheblich und stark vom Vorhandensein eines Rahmens und der entsprechenden Luftfeuchtigkeit abhängig.According to 1 the possible paths for leakage currents are shown, which contribute to the TCO corrosion. The proportion of the leakage current l 1 on the cover glass is significantly and strongly dependent on the presence of a frame and the corresponding humidity.

Die Schaltung gemäß der Erfindung unterscheidet sich vom Stand der Technik im Wesentlichen dadurch, dass bei der Erfindung der negative Anschluss des PV-Generators auf ein positives Potential gegen Erde gehoben ist, z. B. auf einen Wert von 50 V. Darüber hinaus ist eine Stromüberwachung der Vorspannungsquelle vorgesehen.The Circuit according to the invention differs from the prior art essentially in that that in the invention, the negative terminal of the PV generator raised to a positive potential to earth, z. B. on one Value of 50 V. Above In addition, a power monitoring is the Bias source provided.

Claims (5)

Schaltung zur Erhöhung der Lebensdauer von PV-Generatoren, insbesondere mit Dünnschichtmodulen, gekennzeichnet durch durch eine Einrichtung, durch die der negative Anschluss des PV-Generators auf ein positives Potential gegen Erde gehoben ist.Circuit for increasing the life of PV generators, in particular with thin-film modules, characterized by a device through which the negative terminal of the PV generator raised to a positive potential against earth. Schaltung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einrichtung integraler Bestandteil des Wechselrichters einer PV-Anlage ist.Circuit according to Claim 1, characterized that the device is an integral part of the inverter a PV system is. Schaltung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einrichtung eine Vorspannungsquelle umfasst, wobei die Vorspannung z. B. auf 50 V begrenzt ist.Circuit according to Claim 1, characterized in that the device comprises a bias source, wherein the Preload z. B. is limited to 50V. Schaltung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorspannungsquelle berührsicher ist.Circuit according to Claim 1, characterized that the bias source is safe to touch. Schaltung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorspannungsquelle zur Erkennung von Erdschlüssen eine Stromüberwachung aufweist.Circuit according to Claim 1, characterized that the bias source for detection of ground faults a power Management having.
DE202006008936U 2006-06-07 2006-06-07 Photovoltaic generator circuit, has thin layer modules, where negative supply of photovoltaic generator is raised to value of fifty volts, and bias voltage source comprising current monitoring unit for detecting earth faults Expired - Lifetime DE202006008936U1 (en)

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Cited By (20)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2136449A1 (en) 2008-06-19 2009-12-23 SMA Solar Technology AG Solar power plant
EP2086020A3 (en) * 2007-10-23 2010-02-24 Adensis GmbH Photovoltaic assembly with potential increase
WO2010051812A1 (en) 2008-11-07 2010-05-14 Danfoss Solar Inverters A/S Photovoltaic power plant having an offset voltage source controlling the dc potential at the inverter output
EP2369638A2 (en) 2010-03-23 2011-09-28 Adensis GmbH Photovoltaic facility with a device to decrease the potential
DE102010023262A1 (en) 2010-06-09 2011-12-15 Danfoss Solar Inverters A/S Solar power plant with increased service life
DE102010060463A1 (en) 2010-11-09 2012-05-10 Sma Solar Technology Ag Circuit arrangement for potential adjustment of a photovoltaic generator
WO2012083949A1 (en) 2010-12-21 2012-06-28 Danfoss Solar Inverters A/S Input voltage adaption device
WO2012062929A3 (en) * 2010-11-12 2012-07-19 Sma Solar Technology Ag Power inverter for feeding electric energy from a dc power generator into an ac grid with two power lines
WO2012126601A2 (en) 2011-03-19 2012-09-27 Adensis Gmbh Photovoltaic system
DE102011015392A1 (en) * 2011-03-29 2012-10-04 Adensis Gmbh Photovoltaic system for electric power generation, has control apparatus for triggering control signals for simultaneous or staggered closing of switching elements, if voltage across one element exceeds first prescribed limit value
DE102011017362A1 (en) * 2011-04-16 2012-10-18 Adensis Gmbh Three-switch surge protection
WO2013026671A2 (en) 2011-08-19 2013-02-28 Sma Solar Technology Ag Potential definition of input lines of an inverter
DE102012101340A1 (en) 2012-02-20 2013-08-22 Sma Solar Technology Ag Protection of photovoltaic modules of a photovoltaic generator against overvoltages to earth
DE102012007443A1 (en) 2012-04-13 2013-10-17 Adensis Gmbh Minuspolerdung
DE102011014759B4 (en) * 2011-03-22 2014-06-26 Benjamin Johannes Koch Photovoltaic system with a fuse device for securing the photovoltaic modules of the photovoltaic system
DE102015102310A1 (en) 2015-02-18 2016-08-18 Sma Solar Technology Ag Apparatus for insulation resistance determination on a PV generator
DE102015111804B3 (en) * 2015-07-21 2016-12-15 Sma Solar Technology Ag METHOD FOR OPERATING AN INVERTER AND INVERTER, AND PHOTOVOLTAIC PLANT
EP3252947A1 (en) 2016-06-03 2017-12-06 Bender GmbH & Co. KG Circuit arrangements for reducing potential-induced degradation in photovoltaics modules
WO2020126614A1 (en) * 2018-12-20 2020-06-25 Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Method and device for reducing the potentially induced degradation of solar cells
EP4102672A1 (en) 2021-06-08 2022-12-14 FIMER S.p.A. Multi-channel inverter for a photovoltaic plant

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EP2086020A3 (en) * 2007-10-23 2010-02-24 Adensis GmbH Photovoltaic assembly with potential increase
US8138411B2 (en) 2007-10-23 2012-03-20 Adensis Gmbh Photovoltaic system
US8053930B2 (en) 2008-06-19 2011-11-08 Sma Solar Technology Ag Solar power plant
EP2136449A1 (en) 2008-06-19 2009-12-23 SMA Solar Technology AG Solar power plant
US8373308B2 (en) 2008-06-19 2013-02-12 Sma Solar Technology Ag Device and method for generating alternating current
US20110273017A1 (en) * 2008-11-07 2011-11-10 Danfoss Solar Inverters A/S Photovoltaic power plant
US9287712B2 (en) 2008-11-07 2016-03-15 Sma Solar Technology Ag Photovoltaic power plant
CN102273039B (en) * 2008-11-07 2014-06-25 丹佛斯太阳能变极器有限公司 Photovoltaic power plant having an offset voltage source controlling the DC potential at the inverter output
WO2010051812A1 (en) 2008-11-07 2010-05-14 Danfoss Solar Inverters A/S Photovoltaic power plant having an offset voltage source controlling the dc potential at the inverter output
USRE49376E1 (en) 2008-11-07 2023-01-17 Sma Solar Technology Ag Photovoltaic power plant
DE102010012294A1 (en) 2010-03-23 2011-09-29 Adensis Gmbh Photovoltaic system with potential reduction
EP2369638A2 (en) 2010-03-23 2011-09-28 Adensis GmbH Photovoltaic facility with a device to decrease the potential
DE102010012294B4 (en) * 2010-03-23 2012-04-26 Adensis Gmbh Photovoltaic system with potential reduction
US8729444B2 (en) 2010-03-23 2014-05-20 Adensis Gmbh Photovoltaic system with potential reduction
WO2012000496A2 (en) 2010-06-09 2012-01-05 Danfoss Solar Inverters A/S Solar power plant with increased useful life
DE102010023262A1 (en) 2010-06-09 2011-12-15 Danfoss Solar Inverters A/S Solar power plant with increased service life
DE102010060463A1 (en) 2010-11-09 2012-05-10 Sma Solar Technology Ag Circuit arrangement for potential adjustment of a photovoltaic generator
DE102010060463B4 (en) * 2010-11-09 2013-04-25 Sma Solar Technology Ag Circuit arrangement for potential adjustment of a photovoltaic generator and photovoltaic system
WO2012062696A1 (en) 2010-11-09 2012-05-18 Sma Solar Technology Ag Circuit arrangement for setting a potential of a photovoltaic generator
WO2012062929A3 (en) * 2010-11-12 2012-07-19 Sma Solar Technology Ag Power inverter for feeding electric energy from a dc power generator into an ac grid with two power lines
US9124183B2 (en) 2010-11-12 2015-09-01 Sma Solar Technology Ag Power inverter for feeding electric energy from a DC power generator into an AC grid with two power lines
WO2012083949A1 (en) 2010-12-21 2012-06-28 Danfoss Solar Inverters A/S Input voltage adaption device
EP2802014A1 (en) 2011-03-19 2014-11-12 Adensis GmbH Photovoltaic system
WO2012126601A2 (en) 2011-03-19 2012-09-27 Adensis Gmbh Photovoltaic system
DE102011014759B4 (en) * 2011-03-22 2014-06-26 Benjamin Johannes Koch Photovoltaic system with a fuse device for securing the photovoltaic modules of the photovoltaic system
DE102011015392A1 (en) * 2011-03-29 2012-10-04 Adensis Gmbh Photovoltaic system for electric power generation, has control apparatus for triggering control signals for simultaneous or staggered closing of switching elements, if voltage across one element exceeds first prescribed limit value
US8743521B2 (en) 2011-04-16 2014-06-03 Adensis Gmbh Photovoltaic system with overvoltage protection
DE102011017362A1 (en) * 2011-04-16 2012-10-18 Adensis Gmbh Three-switch surge protection
US9912218B2 (en) 2011-08-19 2018-03-06 Sma Solar Technology Ag Potential definition of input lines of an inverter
WO2013026671A2 (en) 2011-08-19 2013-02-28 Sma Solar Technology Ag Potential definition of input lines of an inverter
US9484734B2 (en) 2012-02-20 2016-11-01 Sma Solar Technology Ag Protection of photovoltaic modules of a photovoltaic generator against surge voltages relative to ground
WO2013124182A1 (en) 2012-02-20 2013-08-29 Sma Solar Technology Ag Protection from surges relative to earth for photovoltaic modules of a photovoltaic generator
DE102012101340A1 (en) 2012-02-20 2013-08-22 Sma Solar Technology Ag Protection of photovoltaic modules of a photovoltaic generator against overvoltages to earth
DE102012101340B4 (en) * 2012-02-20 2015-11-19 Sma Solar Technology Ag Protection of photovoltaic modules of a photovoltaic generator against overvoltages to earth
WO2013152839A1 (en) 2012-04-13 2013-10-17 Adensis Gmbh Photovoltaic system with controllable negative-pole earthing
DE102012007443B4 (en) * 2012-04-13 2014-03-13 Adensis Gmbh Photovoltaic generator with controllable negative pole earthing
DE102012007443A1 (en) 2012-04-13 2013-10-17 Adensis Gmbh Minuspolerdung
DE202015009364U1 (en) 2015-02-18 2017-04-06 Sma Solar Technology Ag Device for insulation resistance determination on a PV generator and photovoltaic system
DE102015102310B4 (en) * 2015-02-18 2017-05-11 Sma Solar Technology Ag Device for insulation resistance determination on a PV generator and photovoltaic system
CN107110899A (en) * 2015-02-18 2017-08-29 艾思玛太阳能技术股份公司 Photovoltaic system and the device for carrying out determination of insulation resistance on PV generators
DE102015102310A1 (en) 2015-02-18 2016-08-18 Sma Solar Technology Ag Apparatus for insulation resistance determination on a PV generator
DE102015111804B3 (en) * 2015-07-21 2016-12-15 Sma Solar Technology Ag METHOD FOR OPERATING AN INVERTER AND INVERTER, AND PHOTOVOLTAIC PLANT
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WO2020126614A1 (en) * 2018-12-20 2020-06-25 Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Method and device for reducing the potentially induced degradation of solar cells
EP4102672A1 (en) 2021-06-08 2022-12-14 FIMER S.p.A. Multi-channel inverter for a photovoltaic plant

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R152 Term of protection extended to 10 years

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