DE102019121619A1 - Solar module, solar cell arrangement and method for providing electrical energy - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a solar module (12) which is designed to convert light into electrical energy, the solar module (12) providing the electrical energy with an output voltage which is designed as an alternating voltage with a frequency of at least 200 Hz. The invention also relates to a solar cell arrangement (10) and a method for providing electrical energy.

Description

The present invention relates to a solar module, a solar cell arrangement and a method for providing electrical energy. The invention is therefore particularly in the field of solar cells and photovoltaics.

In the prior art, solar modules are known which output the electrical energy with a direct voltage (DC) and provide this to an inverter, which then converts it into an alternating voltage, typically with a frequency of 50 or 60 Hz, to convert the electrical energy into a feed into the existing energy network. Alternatively, the solar modules can already be designed in such a way that they provide their output voltage as alternating voltage with a frequency of 50 Hz. A solar generator typically has several solar modules, each of which provides its output voltage as direct voltage, and is connected in series with an inverter of the solar generator. The inverter can then convert the incoming DC voltage into the AC voltage that is required for feeding into the grid or for other uses.

Since high voltages and large currents can occur in a solar cell arrangement, it is typically necessary and prescribed to provide the solar cell arrangement with safety electronics in order to reduce the risk of danger to persons emanating from the solar cell arrangement in the event of damage and / or malfunction. Such a malfunction can be present, for example, when a building on which the solar cell arrangement is arranged catches fire, it being irrelevant whether the solar cell arrangement is the cause of the fire or not. In the case of such incidents in particular, it may be necessary for people to come into contact with the solar cell arrangement, for example if the fire brigade has to step onto the solar cell arrangement for extinguishing work. The safety electronics to be provided must ensure that there is no danger from the solar cell arrangement even in the event of a malfunction, and that there is no voltage on the outside of the solar cell arrangement that is dangerous for people. As a rule, these electronics short-circuit solar modules or disconnect the solar generator from the inverter.

This means that only partial safety is achieved, because the solar generator remains in function when it is disconnected and, as a solar facade or roof-top system, can still endanger rescue workers and because conventional electronics can only be used up to around 125 ° C. This is also a challenge because soldered connections typically melt at a temperature of 200 ° C or higher and therefore the function of the safety electronics cannot be guaranteed at such high temperatures as can arise in particular in the event of a fire. A displacement of electronic components of the safety electronics, for example because the solder has melted due to the external heat, a displacement of the building and / or a displacement of the solar cell arrangement can also impair the function of the safety electronics. In cases in which the solar cell arrangement is exposed to temperatures in which a safe function of the safety electronics can no longer be guaranteed, a hazard to persons emanating from the solar cell arrangement can no longer be excluded.

For example, safety electronics with electromechanical or electronic switches are in the EP2815434B1 described. Semiconductor switches, the circuit board itself and also the insulating materials typically used in the solar sector are not designed for temperatures that can occur in the event of fire. Electromechanical switches mostly use insulation material that is only permitted up to 90 ° C. As a result, the security elements used are typically unsafe at temperatures above 150 ° C. and cannot be used as security elements.

It is therefore the object of the present invention to provide a solar module, a solar cell arrangement and a method for providing electrical energy, which reduce the risk of endangering people in the event of malfunctions and / or damage.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by a solar module, a solar cell arrangement and a method having the features of the respective independent claims. Preferred embodiments are given in the dependent claims.

In a first aspect, the invention relates to a solar module which is designed to convert light into electrical energy, the solar module providing the electrical energy with an output voltage which is designed as an alternating voltage with a frequency of at least 200 Hz.

In a further aspect, the invention relates to a solar cell arrangement comprising a plurality of solar modules according to the invention and an inverter, the solar modules being connected in series and connected to an input of the inverter and the solar cell arrangement being set up to generate the output voltages of the To synchronize solar modules and to provide synchronized at the input of the inverter.

The invention also relates to a method for providing electrical energy by means of a solar module, characterized in that the electrical energy is provided with an alternating voltage with a frequency of at least 200 Hz.

The fact that the output voltage is designed as an alternating voltage means that at least a large part of the voltage amplitude of the specified frequency oscillates and the output voltage preferably has no constant base voltage or only a low base voltage. In other words, this means that the output voltage preferably has two voltage zero crossings for each oscillation. For example, a solar cell arrangement can be designed such that the output voltage has an alternating voltage with an amplitude that corresponds to an effective voltage Veff of 1,000 V minus the direct current component, the direct voltage for the direct current component being, for example, a maximum of 120 V (DC). The sum of the DC and AC voltage would be 1,000 V. This is the voltage limit up to which a normal electrician can work. Higher tensions require additional qualifications. This can thus offer the advantage that the solar cell arrangement is to be assigned to the voltage range of the low voltage or extra-low voltage and no increased demands are placed on the processing of the solar cell arrangement, but this may be carried out by a regular electrician.

In the case of solar modules according to embodiments that provide the output voltage via a transformer, however, it can be advantageous to provide the voltage of the solar module exclusively as alternating voltage, since the transformers typically go into magnetic saturation due to direct current and the alternating current component can no longer be transmitted. At the output of the transformer there can only be alternating current without a direct current component.

A solar element preferably designates a smallest unit in the solar cell arrangement, such as a smallest controllable and / or interconnectable unit. For example, a single solar cell can represent a solar element. Alternatively, a group of solar cells that is preferably electrically linked or connected in a dynamic manner can represent a solar element, such as a string of several solar cells connected in series. A group of otherwise interconnected solar cells or solar cell strings can also form a solar element.

A solar module is an arrangement of solar elements, such as solar cells, solar cell groups and / or solar cell strings or solar cell strings. The solar module preferably comprises a prefabricated interconnection of solar elements in order to achieve a desired output voltage and / or a desired output current.

A solar cell arrangement is in particular an arrangement made up of several solar elements and / or solar modules. The solar cell arrangement can also have further elements, such as an inverter and / or a rectifier and / or a pole inverter. A solar cell arrangement can preferably be designed as a solar generator.

The invention offers the advantage that, due to the provision of the output voltage of the solar module as an alternating frequency of 200 Hz or higher, the risk of danger to people emanating from the solar module is significantly reduced compared to conventional DC solar modules or solar modules which provide the output voltage with 50 Hz. The reason for this is that such high-frequency alternating current or such high-frequency alternating voltage is significantly less dangerous for people than voltage and current with a lower frequency and thus the risk of life-threatening injuries due to an electric shock can be significantly reduced. With regard to the danger to people posed by electrical current, reference is made to the textbook "Medical Electronics" by J. Eichmeier, published as the 2nd edition on September 10, 1991 by Springer Verlag.

Alternating current with a frequency of approx. 10 Hz to approx. 100 Hz, and thus also the mains frequency of 50 Hz, is considered to be the most dangerous type of current for humans. This was even the occasion for a so-called current war between Edison and Westinghaus or Tesla, which was triggered in 1887 due to an electrical accident in New York caused by overhead lines falling during a snowstorm. Even direct current is less dangerous for humans than alternating current in this frequency range. According to the invention, the risk is reduced according to the invention in that the output voltage is provided as an alternating voltage with a significantly higher frequency, namely at least 200 Hz.

In this way, the invention makes it possible to make a solar module safer in every operating mode in that the voltage provided by the solar module poses a lower risk for people than the output voltage of conventional solar modules and thus also that of them outgoing danger can be reduced in the event of a fault or an accident.

The invention also offers the advantage that, for optimal operation of the solar cell arrangement or the solar generator, a synchronization of the output voltages of the solar modules of the solar cell arrangement or of the solar generator must be actively brought about, since the maximum possible total voltage and maximum possible only with a complete synchronization of the output voltages of the solar modules Total output of the solar cell arrangement or the solar generator can be achieved. For this purpose, the solar module preferably further comprises a synchronization circuit, the solar module being designed to synchronize the output voltage of the solar module with an external voltage by means of the synchronization circuit. The synchronization circuit can preferably have an anti-islanding circuit or be designed as such. If there is no synchronization of the output voltages, i.e. if the output voltages are not in phase at the input of the rectifier and / or inverter, the output voltages cancel each other out at least partially and the total voltage and / or total power provided decreases rapidly. A rectifier can be connected between the outputs of the solar modules and the input of the inverter. The synchronization requirement offers an increase in safety in that in the event of a fault in which the synchronization of the output voltages is suspended or lost, the total voltage automatically decreases due to an at least partial mutual cancellation of the output voltages and thus the risk emanating from the solar cell arrangement and / or the solar generator decreases without the need for separate safety electronics.

The solar cell arrangement preferably has a central synchronization circuit which, for example, has a pulse generator. The output voltages of the solar modules can then be synchronized in such a way that the central synchronization circuit sends a pulse to the solar modules and the phases and / or frequencies of the output voltages of the solar modules are synchronized with and / or with the pulse. This offers the advantage that the synchronization of the solar modules can be controlled centrally. This also offers the advantage that the synchronization can be prevented or stopped centrally and the solar cell arrangement can preferably be brought into a safe state in this way. For example, it can be advantageous to couple the central synchronization circuit to a smoke alarm and / or a fire alarm so that in the event of a fire alarm, the central synchronization circuit preferably ends the synchronization of the solar modules automatically.

According to a preferred embodiment, each solar module has its own synchronization circuit, the synchronization circuits of the solar modules interacting in a solar cell arrangement in order to synchronize the output voltages. Alternatively or additionally, a synchronization circuit can be provided in the solar cell arrangement, which takes over the synchronization of the output voltages of the solar elements. For example, each solar module can send a synchronization pulse. In this case, a central impulse generator can preferably be provided which emits a form of impulses in which each solar module knows that it is in a training phase which ends after some time. In this training phase, all solar modules get to know each other and remember these devices. If one of these devices fails, all intelligent solar modules can switch off. This offers the advantage that, for example, every solar module can function as a fire detector if it fails due to overheating. In the case of large open-space solar systems, for example, the triggered action can be limited to the fact that the failed solar module is detected. Each solar module preferably has its own address, such as a MAC ID, and the position of this solar module was recorded during installation. This can be done manually when installing the system and / or automatically in that each divisible (and preferably intelligent) transformer has an identifier and / or a known position in the system or solar cell arrangement. This preferably saves the search for a defective solar module in a large solar system and when a solar module is replaced, the geometric position is preferably known automatically.

A module would be exchanged, for example, in such a way that the central pulse generator broadcasts the training mode as a message. One or more solar modules can then preferably be exchanged. This can be done quickly and easily, especially with divisible transformers. After the replacement of the solar modules, the "normal operation" mode is preferably announced as a message and the system would report a failure if one module fails, which can optionally result in the entire system being switched off.

The frequency of the alternating voltage is preferably at least 1 kHz, preferably at least 2 kHz, more preferably at least 10 kHz, more preferably at least 20 kHz.

These higher frequency values have the advantage that the harmfulness for humans is reduced even further. In addition, a frequency of 20 kHz or more in particular offers the advantage that the output voltage significantly reduces the likelihood of electric arcs igniting. This therefore offers the advantage that the risk of fire emanating from the solar module, in particular when connecting or disconnecting the solar module to a consumer, can be reduced, since the risk of an arc being ignited is reduced. The reduction in the risk of an arc ignition is reduced in particular by the fact that when the output voltage is configured as an alternating voltage, the regular zero crossings of the output voltage lead to spark quenching and therefore only a very short time, which decreases with increasing frequency, is available for an arc to build up. In addition, a frequency in a frequency range of approx. 20 kHz to approx. 500 kHz offers the advantage that the line attenuation in power cables is typically particularly low in this frequency range.

The frequency of the alternating voltage is preferably not more than 100 MHz, preferably not more than 10 MHz, much more preferably not more than 1 MHz, most preferably not more than 500 kHz. According to preferred embodiments, when selecting the frequency of the output voltage, it can be ensured that the selected frequency is optimized with regard to electromagnetic compatibility and is selected in such a way that, for example, it does not interfere with other high-frequency electromagnetic signals, such as radio traffic, radar, mobile radio, Radio, air traffic and / or the environment.

The solar module preferably has a pole inverter. The pole changer is preferably designed to provide the output voltage of the solar module as an alternating voltage with a frequency of at least 200 Hz. According to a preferred embodiment, a solar module can also have several pole reversers in order to set the frequency of the output voltage. Each solar module preferably has at least its own pole inverter. The pole changer can be integrated into the solar module or connected externally to the solar module.

The solar module preferably comprises a transformer, the solar module being designed to provide the output voltage via the transformer, the output voltage being preferably provided via the transformer in a potential-free manner. This offers the advantage that a thermal switch can be provided by means of the transformer, which prevents the output voltage from being output in the event of damage. This can be achieved, for example, in that when a limit temperature is reached or exceeded, the transformer loses its functionality, for example by providing galvanic isolation. For example, the transformer can have a ferromagnetic and / or ferrimagnetic core and the limit temperature can correspond to the Curie temperature. When the Curie temperature is reached or exceeded, the core of the transformer can at least partially lose its ferromagnetic property and the transformer can lose its functionality. This offers the advantage that the preferably reversible loss of functionality occurs automatically when the limit temperature is exceeded and does not have to be brought about by safety electronics, as in the prior art, which itself can be damaged and fail as a result of the malfunction. It can be particularly advantageous to choose an output voltage frequency between 150 kHz and 1 MHz or 500 kHz, since in this case the transformer, in particular a transformer for galvanic isolation, can be designed to be particularly small and / or compact.

The transformer preferably has two coil elements, between which an inductive coupling for energy transmission can take place. Furthermore, the transformer preferably has a core which is preferably arranged between the coil elements and enables or effects a sufficient inductive coupling of the two coil elements. The core can preferably be made of ferromagnetic material or have such a material, such as iron, nickel and / or cobalt. As an alternative or in addition, soft magnetic ferrites can be used, which include, for example, oxide mixtures of iron, nickel, zinc, cobalt, copper, magnesium and / or cadmium. Iron-manganese-zinc and / or iron-nickel-zinc mixtures are preferred.

According to preferred embodiments, the transformer can be designed in one piece. According to other preferred embodiments, the transformer can be designed to be divisible. The transformer is preferably divisible in such a way that a coil element and a part of the core remain in each of the parts. This offers the advantage that a magnetic plug can be provided by means of the divisible transformer, via which the solar module can be connected to the solar cell arrangement. This can offer the advantage that particularly simple assembly can be made possible, since connection with incorrect polarity is preferably not possible. This can also offer the advantage that the solar module can be connected and / or closed during operation without the solar generator or the solar cell arrangement having to be deactivated beforehand.

The solar module preferably comprises an energy transfer element which is designed to transfer the electrical energy provided by the solar module without contact to a consumer, in particular to a solar cell arrangement and / or a solar generator. This can be done for example by means of induction. The energy transmission element can preferably comprise the transformer or be designed as a transformer. Therefore, particularly preferably, no mechanical contact is required for the transmission of the electrical power, through which the current caused by the output voltage flows. The mechanical contact points via which the solar module is attached to the solar generator and / or to a facade and / or a roof can preferably be designed in such a way that no voltage drops across them and no current provided by the solar module flows. The energy transmission element can preferably have one or more induction coils and transmit the electrical power provided to an opposite side, which in turn has one or more induction coils. The induction coils of the energy transmission element and the opposite side can also provide the functionality of the transformer, preferably in cooperation.

It goes without saying that the features and embodiments explained above and below are not only disclosed in the explicitly mentioned combinations and on their own, but are also to be regarded as belonging to the disclosure in other technically meaningful combinations.

Further details and advantages of the invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings. Identical or similar elements are provided with the same reference symbols.

• 1 eine schematische Darstellung einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform einer Solarzellenanordnung;
• 2 eine schematische Darstellung einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform einer Solarzellenanordnung;
• 3 eine schematische Darstellung einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform einer Solarzellenanordnung;

Show it:

• 1 a schematic representation of a preferred embodiment of a solar cell arrangement;
• 2 a schematic representation of a further preferred embodiment of a solar cell arrangement;
• 3 a schematic representation of a further preferred embodiment of a solar cell arrangement;

1 shows a schematic representation of a solar cell arrangement 10 according to a first preferred embodiment. The solar cell arrangement 10 has three solar panels 12 that are connected in series. The solar cell arrangement also has a rectifier 14th and an inverter 16 on. To the input of the rectifier 14th are the outputs of the solar modules connected in series 14th connected. Furthermore, the solar cell arrangement 10 an inverter 16 on, at whose input the output of the rectifier 14th connected.

The solar modules 12 each comprise one or more solar elements 18th , a reverser 20th and a synchronization circuit 22nd . The solar elements 18th are designed to generate a direct voltage (DC) when exposed to sunlight, in particular, which is then converted into an alternating voltage (AC) by the pole inverter. According to the embodiment shown, an output voltage of the solar element is thereby 12 generated, which corresponds to an alternating voltage with a frequency of 2 kHz. The amplitude of the alternating voltage is around 40 V per solar module 12 . According to other embodiments, other frequencies and / or amplitudes of the output voltage can also be present. The synchronization circuits 22nd the solar modules 12 synchronize the output voltages of the solar modules 12 such that these are in phase at the input of the rectifier 14th in order to generate the maximum possible total voltage there, in this case around 120 V AC. The synchronization is necessary because if the output voltages were phase shifted, the output voltages would at least partially compensate one another.

The rectifier 14th generated from the high-frequency output voltage of the solar modules 12 a DC voltage, which is then sent to the inverter 16 is fed. By doing that to the inverter 16 only a direct voltage is supplied, a conventional inverter can preferably 16 in the solar cell array 10 be used.

The inverter 16 can in turn be designed to generate an alternating voltage from the supplied direct voltage, for example with a frequency of 50 Hz, which can then be fed into an existing (public) power grid, for example.

The solar cell arrangement 10 has the advantage that the output voltage of the solar modules 12 is provided with a high frequency, in particular with a frequency of at least 200 Hz, in the case shown of about 2 kHz, and therefore the risk to people, which is based on the output voltage, is less than with conventional solar cell arrangements 10 with an output voltage designed as a direct voltage. The embodiment shown also offers the advantage that if damage occurs to one or more solar modules 12 most likely too the functionality of the synchronization circuits 22nd is disturbed and thereby the phase relationship between the output voltages of the solar modules 12 get lost. As a result, the total voltage applied to the rectifier collapses, since the output voltages cancel each other out at least partially.

2 shows a solar cell arrangement 10 according to a further preferred embodiment, which for the most part of the in 1 embodiment shown corresponds. However, this embodiment differs from that in FIG 1 embodiment shown that the solar modules 10 a transformer at the output 24 exhibit. The transformers 24 each have a coil element on the solar element side 24a , a coil element on the inverter side 24b and a core 24c on. According to this preferred embodiment, the transformer is 24 integrally formed.

The provision of the output voltage by the solar modules 12 takes place in such a way that in each solar element 12 the output voltage designed as an alternating voltage inductively from the solar element-side coil element 24a at least partially in the inverter-side coil element 24b is coupled. The inductive coupling of the two coil elements 24a and 24b takes place in particular via the core 24c , which for this purpose has ferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic material or is formed from such. The core 25c is necessary in order to have a sufficient inductive coupling between the two coil elements 24a and 24b to achieve and a significant energy transfer from the solar module 12 to the inverter 16 to achieve.

The transformer 24 offers the advantage that in the event of a fault, especially in the event of a fire, galvanic isolation is provided by the transformer 24 can be achieved. In this way, the transformer can be used as a thermal switch for galvanic isolation of the solar module 12 from the inverter 16 to serve. This can in particular be achieved by the core 24c of the transformer 24 is chosen such that when a limit temperature is exceeded, which is the Curie temperature of the ferromagnetic core 24c corresponds to the core 24c loses its ferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic property at least partially, but preferably largely or even completely, and thereby the inductive coupling between the coil elements 24a and 24b get lost. Thus, in the event of a fire or other malfunctions that lead to a temperature rise above the limit temperature, the respective solar module is activated 12 independently from the inverter 16 separated and those in the solar cell array 10 the prevailing electrical voltage is reduced. The limit temperature can be at least partially determined by a suitable choice of the ferromagnetic material of the core 24c can be set or adjusted.

The core 24c reversibly reduces the output voltage when exposed to heat. Reversible, because the cooled transformer core typically becomes magnetic again. The electronics of the pole changer can be exposed to external heat 20th and / or the synchronization circuit 22nd however irreversibly destroy, so that an irreversible thermal switch is created as a result. At temperatures <150 ° C, the galvanic separation can preferably be provided by enamel insulation on the copper wire and also by the insulation of the transformer winding body. The enamelled copper wire is typically not placed directly on the transformer core 24c but rather applied to plastic bobbins. At higher temperatures, the paint and plastic insulation can be destroyed, making the galvanic separation unsafe. To compensate for this, however, the transformer magnetic core is preferably non-magnetic at these temperatures and the output voltage collapses. The final shutdown is preferably carried out by destroying the electronics, which can be destroyed by optional, irreversible thermal switches in a safety-related manner.

3 shows a solar cell arrangement 10 According to a further preferred embodiment, the majority of the in 2 corresponds to the preferred embodiment shown, but differs from this in that the transformers 24 is formed divisible.

The transformer 24 of each solar module 12 is designed in such a way that it has a solar module-side part, which is the solar-module-side coil element 24a and part of the core 24c has, and has an inverter-side part which the inverter-side coil arrangement 24b and also part of the core 24c having. The two parts of the transformer 24 can be assembled in such a way that the transformer 24 has the same functionality as that with reference to FIG 2 described transformer 24 . Will be a solar panel 12 from the solar cell array 10 separated, so is the transformer 24 and the transformer core 24c divided and the inductive coupling of the coil elements 24a and 24b prevented.

The transformer offers the advantage that it enables a contactless transfer of energy from the solar module 12 to the inverter 16 because no mechanical contact is required for voltage transmission. The transformer 24 serves as an energy transfer element for contactless energy transfer. This offers the possibility of an easily connectable solar module 12 provide which can be mounted in the solar cell arrangement without additional requirements. The transformer also offers 24 and the contactless energy transfer the advantage that the connection of the solar module 12 to the solar cell arrangement cannot be made with the wrong polarity, but the connection is always made with the correct polarity, since no connector with several pins is required. As a result, the assembly of the solar module can be further simplified. In particular, the assembly can preferably be designed in such a way that it can and may also be carried out by untrained personnel.

The divisible transformer also offers 24 the advantage that the solar panel 12 Is "hot-pluggable", ie the assembly and disassembly of the solar module 12 on or from the solar cell arrangement 10 is made possible during operation. In this way, a divisible transformer can be used 24 a magnetic connector can be implemented, which facilitates the assembly and disassembly of the respective solar module.

List of reference symbols

10

Solar cell array

12th

Solar module

14th

Rectifier

16

Inverter

18th

Solar element

20th

Reverser

22nd

Synchronization circuit

24

transformer

24a, 24b

Coil element of the transformer

24c

Core of the transformer

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• EP 2815434 B1 [0005]

Claims (12)

Solar module (12) which is designed to convert light into electrical energy, the solar module (12) providing the electrical energy with an output voltage which is designed as an alternating voltage with a frequency of at least 200 Hz. Solar module (12) according to Claim 1 , the frequency of the alternating voltage being at least 1 kHz, preferably at least 2 kHz, more preferably at least 10 kHz, most preferably at least 20 kHz. Solar module (12) according to Claim 1 or 2 , wherein the frequency of the alternating voltage is not more than 100 MHz, preferably not more than 10 MHz, most preferably not more than 1 MHz, most preferably not more than 500 kHz. Solar module (12) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the solar module (12) has a pole inverter (20) and the pole inverter (20) is designed to provide the output voltage of the solar module (12) as an alternating voltage with a frequency of at least 200 Hz. Solar module (12) according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising a transformer (24), wherein the solar module (12) is designed to provide the output voltage via the transformer (24), wherein the provision of the output voltage via the transformer (24) is preferred occurs potential-free. Solar module (12) according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising a synchronization circuit (22), wherein the solar module (12) is designed to synchronize the output voltage of the solar module (12) with an external voltage by means of the synchronization circuit (22). Solar module (12) according to Claim 6 wherein the synchronization circuit (22) has an anti-islanding circuit or is designed as such. Solar module (12) according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising an energy transfer element which is designed to transfer the electrical energy provided by the solar module contactlessly to a consumer, in particular to a solar cell arrangement (10) and / or a solar generator. Solar cell arrangement (10), comprising a plurality of solar modules (12) according to one of the preceding claims and an inverter (16), wherein the solar modules (12) are connected in series and are connected to an input of the inverter (16) and wherein the solar cell arrangement (10) is set up to synchronize the output voltages of the solar modules (12) and to provide them synchronized at the input of the inverter (16). Solar cell arrangement (10) according to Claim 9 , wherein the solar modules (12) are connected to the input of the inverter (16) via a rectifier (14). Solar cell arrangement (10) according to one of the Claims 9 and 10 , wherein the solar cell arrangement (10) is designed as a solar generator and the solar modules (12) transmit the electrical energy provided in each case to the solar generator without contact. Method for providing electrical energy by means of a solar module (12), characterized in that the electrical energy is provided with an alternating voltage with a frequency of at least 200 Hz.

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