DE102013220197A1 - charging system - Google Patents
charging system Download PDFInfo
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- DE102013220197A1 DE102013220197A1 DE201310220197 DE102013220197A DE102013220197A1 DE 102013220197 A1 DE102013220197 A1 DE 102013220197A1 DE 201310220197 DE201310220197 DE 201310220197 DE 102013220197 A DE102013220197 A DE 102013220197A DE 102013220197 A1 DE102013220197 A1 DE 102013220197A1
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- Prior art keywords
- overvoltage protection
- charging
- charging system
- protection device
- vehicle
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/0069—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to the isolation, e.g. ground fault or leak current
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
- B60L15/007—Physical arrangements or structures of drive train converters specially adapted for the propulsion motors of electric vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/04—Cutting off the power supply under fault conditions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/51—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells characterised by AC-motors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
- B60L53/65—Monitoring or controlling charging stations involving identification of vehicles or their battery types
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00308—Overvoltage protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2220/00—Electrical machine types; Structures or applications thereof
- B60L2220/40—Electrical machine applications
- B60L2220/42—Electrical machine applications with use of more than one motor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/547—Voltage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage
- H02H9/041—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage using a short-circuiting device
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/167—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S30/00—Systems supporting specific end-user applications in the sector of transportation
- Y04S30/10—Systems supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles
- Y04S30/14—Details associated with the interoperability, e.g. vehicle recognition, authentication, identification or billing
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Ladesystem (1) zum Aufladen eines elektrischen Speichers (6‘) eines Fahrzeugs (2), insbesondere Kraftfahrzeug, wobei das Ladesystem (1) und/oder das Fahrzeug (2) wenigstens eine Hochspannungsvorrichtung (13, 14, 18, 6‘) aufweisen, die beim Ladevorgang mit einer von einer Ladestation (3) bereitgestellten Versorgungsspannung durch wenigstens eine Überspannungsschutzeinrichtung (20–24) beaufschlagt wird.The invention relates to a charging system (1) for charging an electrical store (6 ') of a vehicle (2), in particular a motor vehicle, the charging system (1) and / or the vehicle (2) comprising at least one high-voltage device (13, 14, 18, 6 ') which, during the charging process, is acted upon by a supply voltage provided by a charging station (3) by at least one overvoltage protection device (20-24).
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Ladesystem zum Aufladen eines elektrischen Speichers eines Fahrzeuges, insbesondere Kraftfahrzeuges, wobei das Ladesystem und/oder das Fahrzeug wenigstens eine Hochspannungsvorrichtung aufweisen, die beim Ladevorgang mit einer von einer Ladestation bereitgestellten Versorgungsspannung beaufschlagt wird.The invention relates to a charging system for charging an electrical storage of a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle, wherein the charging system and / or the vehicle have at least one high-voltage device, which is acted upon during charging with a supply voltage provided by a charging station.
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Moderne Kraftfahrzeuge weisen vermehrt Antriebsvorrichtungen auf, die eine elektrische Antriebsmaschine oder auch eine elektrische Antriebsmaschine in Kombination mit einem konventionellen Verbrennungsmotor aufweisen. In beiden Fällen ist es notwendig, dass ein die elektrische Maschine mit Energie versorgender elektrischer Speicher regelmäßig aufgeladen wird, um den Betrieb der elektrischen Maschine bei Bedarf gewährleisten zu können. Bei den sogenannten Hybrid-Antriebsvorrichtungen, die sowohl eine elektrische Maschine als auch einen Verbrennungsmotor aufweisen, erfolgt ein Aufladen des elektrischen Speichers häufig durch einen generatorischen Betrieb der elektrischen Maschine. Dies ist jedoch nicht immer möglich oder wünschenswert. Daher sind Vorrichtungen bekannt, die ein Aufladen eines Energiespeichers unabhängig von einem Verbrennungsmotor und insbesondere bei stehendem Fahrzeug erlauben.Modern motor vehicles increasingly have drive devices that have an electric drive machine or an electric drive machine in combination with a conventional internal combustion engine. In both cases, it is necessary that an electric machine supplying power to the electric machine is regularly charged in order to be able to ensure the operation of the electric machine when required. In the so-called hybrid drive devices, which have both an electric machine and an internal combustion engine, a charging of the electrical storage often takes place by a generator operation of the electric machine. However, this is not always possible or desirable. Therefore, devices are known which allow charging of an energy storage independent of an internal combustion engine and in particular when the vehicle is stationary.
Diese Ladesysteme sind an das Versorgungsnetz beispielsweise städtischer Energieversorger angebunden, um den elektrischen Speicher beziehungsweise das Fahrzeug kabelgebunden oder induktiv mit elektrischer Energie zu versorgen. In diesen Versorgungsnetzen können jedoch Spannungsimpulse entstehen, die zu einer Beschädigung von elektrischen Komponenten des Ladesystems und/oder des Fahrzeugs führen könnten. Derzeit garantieren Energieversorger und Ladesystemhersteller für Elektrofahrzeuge einen Überspannungsschutz bis Überspannungsklasse 2 mit 2,5 kV. Tatsächlich können jedoch auch Überspannungsimpulse von bis zu 6 kV auftreten. Derartige Überspannungen in dem Versorgernetz können beispielsweise durch Blitzeinschläge oder andere Störsignale entstehen.These charging systems are connected to the supply network, for example, municipal energy supplier to provide the electrical storage or the vehicle wired or inductively with electrical energy. In these supply networks, however, voltage pulses may arise, which could lead to damage of electrical components of the charging system and / or the vehicle. At present, energy providers and charging system manufacturers guarantee an overvoltage protection up to overvoltage protection class 2 with 2.5 kV for electric vehicles. In fact, however, overvoltage pulses of up to 6 kV can occur. Such overvoltages in the utility grid can be caused for example by lightning strikes or other interference signals.
Offenbarung der ErfindungDisclosure of the invention
Das erfindungsgemäße Ladesystem mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 hat den Vorteil, dass Überspannungsimpulse sicher auf einen für die Hochvoltvorrichtungen ertragbaren Wert gedämpft werden können. Dabei wird eine kostengünstige und zielgerichtete Implementierung gewährleistet. Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen, dass das Ladesystem wenigstens eine Überspannungsschutzeinrichtung aufweist. Die Überspannungsschutzeinrichtung kann an unterschiedlichen Stellen des Ladesystems vorgesehen sein. Zweckmäßigerweise ist die Überspannungsschutzeinrichtung derart ausgelegt, dass die Überspannungsimpulse, die durch das Versorgernetz in das Ladesystem gelangen, auf einen für die Hochvoltkomponenten des Ladesystems erträglichen Wert reduziert beziehungsweise gedämpft werden. Hierdurch wird sowohl ein Komponentenschutz als auch ein Personenschutz für Insassen des Fahrzeugs gewährleistet. Durch die Überspannungsschutzeinrichtung kann auf aufwändige Isolier- und Schutzmaßnahmen kosten- und bauraumoptimal verzichtet werden. Durch die Überspannungsschutzeinrichtung können außerdem die Anforderungen bezüglich Luft- und Kriechstrecken im Ladesystem verringert werden, wodurch die Hochvoltkomponenten günstiger und bauraumsparender hergestellt werden können.The charging system according to the invention with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that overvoltage pulses can be safely attenuated to a value that can be tolerated for the high-voltage devices. This ensures a cost-effective and targeted implementation. According to the invention, it is provided that the charging system has at least one overvoltage protection device. The overvoltage protection device can be provided at different points of the charging system. The overvoltage protection device is expediently designed in such a way that the overvoltage pulses which pass through the supply network into the charging system are reduced or damped to a value that is tolerable for the high-voltage components of the charging system. This ensures both component protection and personal protection for occupants of the vehicle. The overvoltage protection device makes it possible to dispense with expensive insulation and protective measures in terms of space and cost. The overvoltage protection device also allows the requirements for clearance and creepage distances in the charging system to be reduced, as a result of which the high-voltage components can be produced in a cheaper and space-saving manner.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass die Überspannungsschutzeinrichtung einem Eingang der wenigstens einen Hochspannungsvorrichtung vorgeschaltet ist. Besonders bevorzugt ist die Überspannungsschutzeinrichtung dabei in die Hochspannungsvorrichtung integriert ausgebildet, so dass eine individuelle und optimale Anpassung der Überspannungsschutzeinrichtung an die jeweilige Hochspannungsvorrichtung möglich ist. Dadurch wird eine optimale Auslegung der Hochspannungsvorrichtung in ihrer eigentlichen Funktion gewährleistet. Ebenso ist es möglich, für die Hochspannungseinrichtung vergleichsweise günstige Komponenten zu wählen, die nicht gegen hohe Spannungsimpulse ausgelegt sein müssen. Weiterhin ist bevorzugt vorgesehen, dass die Überspannungsschutzeinrichtung modular ausgebildet ist, so dass sie bei Bedarf eingesetzt werden kann, insbesondere in Form eines Zwischensteckers oder -Anschlusses. Auch ist eine Auslegung der Überspannungsschutzeinrichtung in Abhängigkeit der verwendeten Region oder Art der Anwendung vorteilhaft.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that the overvoltage protection device is connected upstream of an input of at least one high-voltage device. Particularly preferably, the overvoltage protection device is integrated in the high-voltage device, so that an individual and optimal adaptation of the overvoltage protection device to the respective high-voltage device is possible. This ensures optimum design of the high-voltage device in its actual function. It is also possible to select comparatively favorable components for the high-voltage device which need not be designed against high voltage pulses. Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the overvoltage protection device is modular, so that it can be used if necessary, in particular in the form of an intermediate plug or connection. It is also advantageous to design the overvoltage protection device as a function of the region or type of application used.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass jeweils eine Überspannungsschutzeinrichtung der jeweiligen Hochspannungsvorrichtung vorgeschaltet ist. Jeder Hochspannungsvorrichtung des Ladesystems ist somit bevorzugt jeweils eine Überspannungsschutzeinrichtung zugeordnet und entsprechend der oben stehenden Beschreibung ausgebildet. Dadurch werden alle Hochspannungsvorrichtungen beziehungsweise -Komponenten des Ladesystems sicher vor Überspannungen im Versorgernetz geschützt. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that in each case an overvoltage protection device of the respective high-voltage device is connected upstream. Each high-voltage device of the charging system is thus preferably each associated with an overvoltage protection device and designed in accordance with the description above. As a result, all high-voltage devices or components of the charging system are reliably protected against overvoltages in the utility grid.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass wenigstens eine Überspannungsschutzeinrichtung als Varistor ausgebildet ist. Varistoren sind Massenware, die kostengünstig auf dem Markt erhältlich und daher günstig in das erfindungsgemäße Ladesystem einsetzbar sind. Das Ladesystem lässt sich dadurch kostengünstig darstellen. According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is provided that at least one overvoltage protection device is designed as a varistor. Varistors are mass-produced, which are inexpensive available on the market and therefore can be used conveniently in the charging system according to the invention. The charging system can thereby be displayed inexpensively.
Alternativ ist bevorzugt vorgesehen, dass wenigstens eine Überspannungsschutzeinrichtung als Gasentladungsröhre ausgebildet ist. Gasentladungsröhren sind ebenfalls bekannt und führen daher zu keinem nennenswerten Kostennachteil des Ladesystems.Alternatively, it is preferably provided that at least one overvoltage protection device is designed as a gas discharge tube. Gas discharge tubes are also known and therefore do not lead to a significant cost disadvantage of the charging system.
Gemäß einer alternativen Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass die Überspannungsschutzeinrichtung nicht der jeweiligen Hochspannungsvorrichtung, sondern einer Schnittstelle des Fahrzeugs zu der Ladestation zugeordnet ist. Bevorzugt ist das Fahrzeug durch ein Ladekabel mit der Ladestation zur Durchführung des Aufladevorgangs verbindbar. Das Ladekabel, dessen Anschlussstecker sowie eine damit zusammenwirkende Steckdose der Ladestation bilden somit die zuvor genannte Schnittstelle. Ist die Überspannungsschutzeinrichtung der Schnittstelle zugeordnet, so sind alle nachfolgenden Komponenten beziehungsweise Hochspannungsvorrichtungen des Fahrzeugs bereits vor Überspannungsimpulsen geschützt, so dass der in dem Fahrzeug vorliegende Teil des Ladesystems entsprechend einfacher und kostengünstiger ausgelegt werden kann. Bevorzugt ist die Überspannungsschutzeinrichtung dabei in das Ladekabel integriert ausgebildet. Alternativ ist die Überspannungsschutzeinrichtung in den Anschlussstecker oder in die Steckdose der Ladestation integriert ausgebildet. According to an alternative embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the overvoltage protection device is not assigned to the respective high-voltage device but to an interface of the vehicle to the charging station. Preferably, the vehicle is connected by a charging cable with the charging station to perform the charging process. The charging cable, its connector and a cooperating socket of the charging station thus form the aforementioned interface. If the overvoltage protection device is assigned to the interface, then all subsequent components or high-voltage devices of the vehicle are already protected against overvoltage pulses, so that the part of the charging system present in the vehicle can be correspondingly designed to be simpler and less expensive. Preferably, the overvoltage protection device is designed integrated into the charging cable. Alternatively, the overvoltage protection device is formed integrated in the connector or in the socket of the charging station.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass die Überspannungsschutzeinrichtung bidirektional arbeitet. Dadurch wird erreicht, dass einerseits, wie zuvor beschrieben, die Hochspannungsvorrichtungen beziehungsweise Komponenten des Fahrzeugs vor Überspannungsimpulsen aus dem Versorgernetz geschützt werden, und dass andererseits beispielsweise die Ladestation vor Überspannungsimpulsen aus dem Fahrzeug geschützt wird.According to an advantageous development of the invention, it is provided that the overvoltage protection device operates bidirectionally. As a result, on the one hand, as described above, the high-voltage devices or components of the vehicle are protected against overvoltage pulses from the supply network, and on the other hand, for example, the charging station is protected from overvoltage pulses from the vehicle.
Im Folgenden soll die Erfindung anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert werden. Dazu zeigt die einzigeIn the following, the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment. The only one shows
Figur ein Ladesystem für ein elektrisch betreibbares Kraftfahrzeug in einer vereinfachten Darstellung. Figure a charging system for an electrically operable motor vehicle in a simplified representation.
Die Figur zeigt in einer vereinfachten Darstellung ein Ladesystem
Die durch die Ladestation
Weiterhin weist das Fahrzeug
Weiterhin ist eine elektrische Maschine
Um zu vermeiden, dass beispielsweise bei einem in das Versorgernetzwerk
Durch das vorteilhafte Ladesystem
Die Figur zeigt auch noch ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel, bei welchem alternativ oder zusätzlich zu den Überspannungsschutzeinrichtungen
Besonders bevorzugt ist die jeweilige Überspannungsschutzkomponente
Claims (8)
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DE201310220197 DE102013220197A1 (en) | 2013-10-07 | 2013-10-07 | charging system |
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DE201310220197 DE102013220197A1 (en) | 2013-10-07 | 2013-10-07 | charging system |
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DE102019124211A1 (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2021-03-11 | Audi Ag | power adapter |
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2013
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DE102019124211A1 (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2021-03-11 | Audi Ag | power adapter |
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