DE102009046257A1 - Plate-like insulating layer for plate-like wall element of wall, particularly building wall, has plate-like foamed plastic which is open-cell or mixed cell and subset of cell of foamed plastic is filled with gel - Google Patents

Abstract

The plate-like insulating layer (10) has a plate-like foamed plastic which is open-cell or mixed cell. A subset of the cell of the foamed plastic is filled with a gel. The gel is a hydrogel, particularly a nano-hydrogel. The gel contains borate, silicon dioxide or a substance with antifungal activity. The foamed plastic contains melamine resin. An independent claim is also included for a plate-like wall element with a structural layer.

Description

The present invention relates to a plate-shaped insulating layer for a wall, for example a building or vehicle wall comprising a plate-shaped foamed plastic, a wall element comprising an insulating layer and a method for producing an insulating layer. The insulation layer has at least one thermal insulation effect.

For thermal insulation of z. B. exterior building walls is known from the prior art, a variety of technical measures. Have found widespread so-called thermal insulation composite systems that are used for outside insulation of building exterior walls. As a rule, a composite thermal insulation system covers the entire outer wall surface of a building, with the exception of the roof surfaces, and serves to minimize the heat transfer from the interior of the building to the environment and vice versa. Known thermal insulation systems are usually constructed in multiple layers. A first areally extended layer with a low heat transfer coefficient U is applied directly to the building exterior surface, for example with the aid of mechanical anchoring means or by means of gluing. This layer is usually assembled from a variety of individual plates, for example rectangular blank. The panels are often made of organic synthetic materials such as foamed plastics, or of inorganic materials such as mineral wool or mineral foams.

On the outer surface of the applied to the outer surface of the building insulation boards below a Armierungslage is applied, since the insulation boards usually have only an insufficient mechanical stability. This Armierungslage is usually made of a reinforcing mortar, which is used as a flush, in which then a reinforcing fabric, usually a synthetic fiber fabric is embedded. On the Armierungslage then an outer plaster is applied on the upper side as a final layer. The surface of the exterior plaster can additionally be painted and forms that layer of the thermal insulation composite system which has the highest possible weathering resistance.

Further technical information on the subject of thermal insulation composite systems can be found in the book Werner Riedel, Herbert Oberhausen, Frank Froeschel, Wolfgang Hagele: thermal insulation systems, 1st edition, Baulino, ISBN 978-3-938537-01-5 The information content of this reference is fully incorporated into the content of the present application.

The previously known from the prior art thermal insulation systems always comprise at least one insulating layer, which has the lowest possible heat transfer coefficient, and which is usually combined with another layer to realize sufficient mechanical strength. The insulation layers used can still be improved in terms of basis weight and heat transfer coefficient as well as with regard to fire protection.

Object of the present invention is therefore to provide an insulation layer with improved thermal insulation effect and a method for their preparation. Furthermore, a wall element with advantageous thermal insulation values should be specified.

This object is achieved by providing an insulating layer according to claim 1, a wall element according to claim 10 and a method for producing an insulating layer according to claim 18.

An insulation layer according to the invention is plate-shaped and generally has a rectangular blank. It is z. B. provided for attachment to a building exterior wall, but can also be used for building interior walls. Furthermore, it can be used for example for isolation purposes in vehicles such as ships etc. The insulation layer has first and foremost excellent thermal insulation properties. In addition, it is also advantageous to use as acoustic decoupling, even for "Entdröhnung" z. B. in the automotive industry, it can be used advantageously. In addition, it has excellent properties in terms of fire protection, it can therefore be used in particular in fire walls or fire barriers.

The insulating layer comprises a plate-shaped foamed plastic, which is preferably open-celled, but at least mixed-celled.

According to the invention, it is now provided that at least a subset of the cells of the foamed plastic is filled with a gel. In this case, the gel may be a hydrogel, d. H. a water-based gel. In particular, the gel may contain borate. Furthermore, the gel may contain silica.

Particular advantages in particular when using a hydrogel are obtained when the foamed plastic is hydrophilic, at least in the region of the inner surfaces of the cells. As a result, the introduction of the gel into the cells of the foamed plastic is particularly simple, and the gel remains in the cells after introduction the cells are effectively trapped in these. This means that an additional enclosure of the insulation layer z. B. by a film-like cover layer, is usually unnecessary. Nevertheless, such an enclosure may be advantageous in certain applications. Suitable plastics for a film-like wrapping are, for example, polyethylene (PE) of high and low density, polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS), various polyesters and polycarbonate (PC).

The insulating layer according to the invention has the particular advantage that the gel in the cells of the foamed plastic can be so strongly bound that leakage of the gel from the cells is not observed under virtually all circumstances occurring in practical use. This refers in particular to situations in which a heating of the insulation layer z. B. by intense sunlight or in case of fire. But also mechanical impairments of the insulation layer z. B. by cross-fastening means (screws, dowels, bolts, etc.), do not lead to leakage of the gel from the cells of the foamed plastic.

In order to introduce the gel into at least a subset of the cells of the foamed foam, it has proved advantageous to provide a layer of foamed open or mixed cell plastic whose cells are filled with gas, in the simplest case with air. To introduce the gel into the cells of the foam, the gel is provided in a liquid state, i. H. in a state where the gel has such a low viscosity as to give sufficient flowability of the gel. Thus, gels are known which can be thermally liquefied and solidify on cooling again (possibly irreversibly) to a gel. Gels are also known which can be liquefied by applying shear. Advantageously, a gel is selected which can be liquefied for introduction into the cells of the foamed plastic and there solidification of the previously flowable gel occurs. Alternatively, or as a support, the gel may be pressurized (in addition) to be introduced into the cells of the foamed plastic, e.g. B. by "massaging" in the cells of the plastic or "walk" of the plastic.

It also appears possible to use closed-cell foams in the context of suitable manufacturing processes, provided that the method used to produce the foamed plastic permits the introduction of a gel into the closed cells of the foam.

Furthermore, it has proven to be advantageous if the gel contains at least one substance with fungicidal action and / or the foamed plastic is fungicidally equipped.

The insulation layer according to the invention has excellent thermal insulation values which are significantly higher than the values of the insulation layers previously known from the prior art. B. of mineral or glass wool or foamed plastics with gas-filled (open or closed) cells can lie. Compared to the insulating layers of mineral or glass wool, they also have the advantage of a significantly lower density, so that a thermal insulation element which comprises an insulation layer according to the invention, having a significantly lower weight at the same strength. In addition, with the same strength of the insulation layer i. d. R. improves the thermal insulation effect. This and in particular the weight advantage makes, among other things, a use in vehicle construction particularly advantageous.

Furthermore, the insulation layer according to the invention is also particularly advantageous in terms of fire protection, especially when a hydrogel is used, which is inherently incombustible due to the fact that it consists too much of water over 90%. But other gels are i. d. R. practically incombustible or can be equipped fire-resistant by adding suitable flame retardants. Such flame retardants may also have a beneficial effect on hydrogels.

The advantageous fire behavior can be improved even if the foamed plastic has a good flame resistance, either due to the properties of the plastic used itself or due to a corresponding fire-protected equipment of the foamed plastic.

As particularly advantageous in terms of fire resistance, weight, price and hydrophilicity, the use of melamine resin foams has proven that z. B. from BASF AG, 67056 Ludwigshafen, under the name Basotec ^® are sold. But the use of other open or mixed-celled foamed plastics such as PUR or PP are basically possible.

Furthermore, it is pointed out that additional equipment of the gel with an antifreeze, which lowers the freezing point of the water possibly present in the gel, makes it possible to realize further advantages, in particular for use in the exterior of buildings or in vehicles.

The insulation layer according to the invention need not be intrinsically rigid, but in many cases it will have a high degree of flexibility, which in the case of Insulating non-planar surfaces is beneficial. Depending on the application, the insulation layer but also have sufficient inherent rigidity, z. B. by suitable selection of the foamed plastic or by providing an intrinsically rigid reinforcement in or on the insulation layer.

Finally, it should be noted that the scope of the invention should also include an insulating layer which comprises a plate-shaped gel layer which need not necessarily be trapped in the cells of a foamed plastic. Also, a gel layer, which is incorporated in a nonwoven, should be included in the scope of the application, as well as a gel layer without any stiffening mechanical insert. Such could be z. B. be enclosed in a foil-like envelope. Sufficient structural strength can in this case z. B. via the mechanical connection with a structural layer z. B. be achieved from plasterboard.

An insulation layer according to the invention can be used in particular to an i. d. R. also form plate-shaped wall element for building walls, z. B. for thermal and / or acoustic insulation of external building walls in the form of a facade element. Such a wall element comprises in addition to an insulation layer according to the invention with one or more of the above. Features a preferably inherently stable structural layer, which is mechanically connected to the insulating layer to form a unit, preferably captive via a non-positive connection z. B. over a surface or selective bonding.

In a preferred embodiment, the wall element further comprises a third layer, wherein the insulating layer is preferably arranged between the structural layer and the third layer. In this case, the structural layer or the third layer or both can be formed as a weather-resistant view-side layer. Furthermore, the structural layer or the third layer may be formed as a wall-side layer with a low heat transfer coefficient U2. In particular, the heat transfer coefficient U1 of the insulating layer can be smaller than the heat transfer coefficient U2 of the wall-side layer. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the wall element, the wall-side layer consists of EPS, EPP, EPE or a melamine resin foam. The visible side layer, however, advantageously comprises a plate-shaped profile made of a metallic material or a plastic.

An inventive wall element is designed generally plate-shaped and may for example have a rectangular blank. In principle, any blanks are possible. In general, a wall element according to the invention is planar, but it may also have a curved shape. In addition, a wall element according to the invention is prepared ready for installation, d. h., It can be applied directly to the thermally insulated building wall either directly or with the aid of a suitable mechanical mounting system according to the invention. The wall element has an insulating ability which is comparable or better with the thermal insulation capacity of known from the prior art thermal insulation systems.

The wall element has a wall-side layer, which consists of a foamed plastic. Foamed polystyrene (EPS), foamed polypropylene (EPP) or foamed polyethylene (EPE) have proven to be suitable materials here. In addition, can also turn melamine resin foams which are marketed under the brand Basotec ^® by the company. BASF AG, 67056 Ludwigshafen, are used. In melanin resin foams, the use of hydrophobic or oliophobic melamine resin foams is preferred. Particularly preferred is the use of EPP. Further suitable foamed plastic materials are, for example, polystyrene extruder foam (XPS) and rigid polyurethane foam (PUR).

The wall-side layer has the highest possible heat transfer coefficient U, which is typically in the range of 0.1 to 1 W / (m ² k). The thickness of the wall-side layer is depending on the material used and the required thermal insulation properties of a few millimeters up to many centimeters.

The insulation layer advantageously has a thickness of 1 to 50 millimeters, preferably from 2.5 to 15 millimeters, and in particular about 5 millimeters. The heat transfer coefficient of the insulating layer is typically less than 1 W / (m ² k) and may be well below 0.1 W / (m ² k) when using suitable gels.

The view-side position is the position that forms the visible surface of the building wall in the mounted state of the wall element according to the invention. At least in facade elements, the view-side layer advantageously has a high weather resistance. In particular, the visible side layer has a high resistance to UV radiation, exposure to moisture and a good temperature resistance in a temperature range of at least at least 20 ° C to + 60 ° C. According to the invention, the view-side layer is provided to reliably protect the insulation layer as well as the wall-side layer of the wall element according to the invention against weathering.

In the wall element according to the invention, the wall-side layer, the function of a take over additional thermal insulator next to the insulation layer. In practical application as a façade element then the temperature balance between the interior of the building and the environment is almost completely on the insulation layer and the wall-side position. On the other hand, the visible side layer primarily fulfills a protective function, namely to protect the wall-side layer from negative weather influences and to prevent mechanical damage to the wall-side layer due to mechanical effects. The visible side layer therefore preferably has a significantly increased mechanical stability, in particular an increased dimensional stability and puncture resistance.

In a preferred embodiment of the wall element according to the invention, the outer surface of the visible side layer is completely closed, d. H. it does not form openings or macroscopic pores. In particular, the view-side layer may be formed so that it completely covers the insulation layer and the wall-side layer in the mounted state of the wall element.

The view-side layer in turn preferably consists of a plate-shaped profile, in particular of a metallic material or of a plastic. It is also conceivable, however, the use of a mineral material. Particularly preferably, the view-side layer is formed as an extruded profile, wherein also continuously cast or extruded profiles can be used. The preferred manufacturing method for the profile is here essentially conditioned by the material used for the profile. Such a profile can also be formed in a simple manner with a plurality of hollow chambers, which realizes particular advantages in terms of efficient material utilization, low weight and high mechanical strength. Also, the thermal insulation behavior of the visible side is then particularly favorable, d. h., The heat transfer coefficient is particularly low, provided that the profile has a plurality of air-filled hollow chambers. Preferably, in the wall element according to the invention, these hollow chambers extend in the plane of the visible side position, ie. H. in an embodiment of the visible position as an extruded, continuously cast or extruded profile in profile direction. As a particularly suitable material for the formation of the visible side layer, for example, polycarbonate (PC) has been found. In particular, a foamed polycarbonate (EPC) can also be used here. In principle, open-cell plastic foams, various microfiber materials, pyrogenic silicic acids or perlite have proven to be suitable for forming the visible side layer, in particular as an extruded, continuously cast or extruded profile. All of the materials mentioned here already have a high resistance to UV radiation and the action of moisture and are resistant over a wide temperature range.

Alternatively, the use of aluminum, magnesium or alloys based on these metallic materials has been found to be advantageous. These metallic materials have the additional particular advantage that under the action of atmospheric oxygen they form a superficial oxide layer, which protects the underlying material from further oxidation. In addition, metals have a high reflectivity to UV radiation, so that they show a particularly high UV resistance.

If the wall element according to the invention is not applied to an existing wall, but used to create an intrinsically stable wall, the wall element can advantageously be three-layered, for example with two outer layers of the same type, between which an insulation layer according to the invention is enclosed. The outer layers can be z. B. have the properties of the above-discussed visible side layer. Alternatively, they may have the properties of the wall-facing sheets discussed above. Preferably, but not mandatory, the three layers are mechanically fixed to each other.

Further advantages and features of the wall element according to the invention and the system according to the invention for the thermal insulation of a building wall result from the subclaims and the now following exemplary embodiments. These are to be understood as exemplary and not restrictive and are explained in more detail with reference to the drawing. In this show:

1 : a side view of a wall element according to the invention,

2 : a top view of the wall element 2 .

3a C is a schematic representation of a possible process procedure for producing an insulation layer according to the invention,

4 : a second embodiment of a wall element according to the invention in side view,

5 a third embodiment of a wall element according to the invention in side view,

6 a fourth embodiment of a wall element according to the invention in side view,

7 a fifth embodiment of a wall element according to the invention in a plan view, and

8th A third embodiment of an insulation layer according to the invention.

1 now shows a first embodiment of a wall element according to the invention 1 , which is designed as a facade element, ie it is intended to be attached to the outside of a building shell. The wall element 1 is essentially constructed in three layers, it comprises a wall-side layer of a rigid foam plate 50 , a view-side layer, which as a hollow profile plate 60 is formed, and arranged between the wall-side layer and the visible side layer insulation 10 , which is present here in a first embodiment. The composite of the three plate-shaped layers is held together by a plurality of connecting pins 70 which extend transversely through the plate assembly and form heads both on the wall-side surface of the facade element and on the visible surface and thus mechanically hold the plate assembly together. Alternatively, it is possible that the connecting pins 70 forming heads only at one end and a toothing at the other end (not shown), which after insertion of the pin 70 in for example a foam board 50 a slipping back of the pen 70 prevent it from jamming.

2 shows the facade element 1 out 1 in a plan view, from which the hollow chamber structure of the hollow profile plate 60 becomes clear. The hollow profile plate is an extruded or extruded hollow profile made of a plastic or a metallic material. As a particularly suitable metallic material aluminum has proven with its alloys, in plastics, in particular the use of polycarbonate, particularly preferably foamed polycarbonate has proven itself. The strength of as a hollow profile plate 60 trained visible position is in the illustrated embodiment about 10 mm, in general, it is in the range between 5 and 30 mm, more preferably is the range between 5 and 10 mm.

The wall-side foam board 50 on the other hand, it preferably consists of a foamed plastic, which is preferably closed-cell, wherein the use of open-celled or fumigated cellular foams is also possible. As suitable plastic materials, in particular the materials EPS, EPP and EPE and oleophobic and / or hydrophobic melamine resin foams have been found. Particularly preferred are melamine resin foams and EPP. The strength of the wall-side layer forming rigid foam plate 50 is in the first embodiment shown preferably 10 to about 100 mm, more preferably in the range between 20 and 70 mm.

Between the foam board 50 and the hollow profile plate 60 is now an isolation situation 10 introduced in a first embodiment, whose structure is more accurate 3c results. The isolation situation 10 comprises a plate-shaped layer of a foamed plastic which is open-celled or mixed-celled, ie there is a network of communicating cells. A particularly suitable plastic has been found that under the name Basotec ^® marketed by BASF foam material, which is used in the embodiment shown, in an exemplary thickness of 5 mm.

The wall element 1 is flat and has a rectangular blank. Its length L1 in the direction of the Y-axis is typically 0.1 m to 2 m, its width L2 in the direction of the X-axis is in the same size range. In principle, any blanks are possible, and the dimensions L1 and L2 are in the context of manufacturing specifications and in the context of sufficient handling of the wall element according to the invention 1 freely selectable. The thickness L3 of the wall element 1 in the Z direction, ie in the direction in which the wall element 1 shows its maximum thermal insulation effect, is dependent on the materials used and the desired degree of isolation, which through the wall element 1 is to be achieved, a few millimeters to many centimeters, in particular 0.5 cm ≤ L3 ≤ 30 cm.

The capable of foamed plastic 12 trained cells 14 are now according to the invention with a gel 16 filled, where advantageous all cells 14 the isolation situation 10 are filled, but at least a subset of the cells 14 , With the gel 16 it is a hydrogel, ie a water-based gel. To the introduction of the gel 16 into the cells 14 To simplify the foamed plastic is preferably hydrophilic, at least it is equipped so that the inner surfaces of the cells 14 have hydrophilic properties.

With the gel 16 it is a heat-reversible gel, ie a transition from the solidified state to a state with increased flowability - ie low viscosity - can be achieved by heating the gel. Possibly. For example, the liquefaction of the gel may be assisted by additional application of shear, for example through tubes. Gels containing bristles can be heat irreversible. Particularly preferred is a gel 16 used, which is produced at elevated temperature in the liquid state and solidifies on cooling irreversibly to a gel.

The procedure for introducing the gel 16 in the pores 14 Made of foamed plastic 12 is schematic in the 3a to 3c shown. A layer of foamed plastic 12 is provided and arranged horizontally on a flat surface. They are made of foamed plastic 12 trained cells 14 usually air-filled. Depending on the manufacturing process, however, other gases can also be present in the cells 14 be caught. The gel to be incorporated is liquefied in a vessel by heat application (or prepared in the liquid state) and in the subsequent process step according to 3b on the upper side on the layer of foamed plastic 12 applied. Under the influence of gravity and the capillary action of the cells 14 becomes the low viscous (because warm), ie well flowable gel in the cells 14 Made of foamed plastic 12 This is supported by the fact that this is still supported by the hydrophilic surface of the plastic used. Subsequently, the gel cools down 16 , leading to a solidification of the gel in the cells 14 leads. The solidified gel 16 can be so strong in the cells now 14 be able to be trapped in foamed plastic, whatever the spatial location of the insulation layer 10 or acting acceleration forces leakage of the gel from the cells 14 no longer occurs. This makes it possible to provide an additional covering of the layer of foamed plastic with the cells 14 incorporated gel 16 dispensable, which makes the preparation of the insulation layer according to the invention particularly simple.

With appropriate selection of the gel 16 It is possible to re-liquefy the cells 14 caught gels 16 Even under intense heat, for example, to prevent direct flame exposure. In addition to choosing a suitable gel 16 may also be the size of the cells 14 capable of foamed plastic 12 an influence on the reversing behavior of the cells 14 caught gels 16 to have.

The for the penetration of the liquefied gel 16 into a majority of the cells 14 The required period of time is essentially dependent on the properties of the plastic and on the viscosity of the liquefied gel 16 dependent and can be between a few seconds and many hours. Full penetration of the layer of foamed plastic 12 can be supported by turning the situation around in the meantime and applying the liquefied gel on both sides. In addition, the application of forces to the gel-covered surface of the layer of foamed plastic 12 the penetration of the gel 16 into the cells 14 convey, for example, by rolling the surface of the layer of foamed plastic 12 such that it experiences a strong elastic deformation.

4 now shows a second embodiment of a wall element according to the invention 1 which is an insulation layer 10 according to the first embodiment discussed above. This is connected in a suitable manner mechanically captive with a structural layer, which in turn in the second embodiment as foam board 50 is formed analogous to the first embodiment. Such a wall element 1 can be used for example in the context of thermal or acoustic interior wall insulation in buildings or in vehicle construction advantageous.

5 shows a third embodiment of a wall element according to the invention 1 , again with the insulation layer 10 is formed according to the first embodiment discussed above. Again, it is a three-layer composite system, with the two outer layers as plasterboard 40 are formed, which are mechanically captive with the interposed insulating layer 10 are connected. This can be done, for example, via a selective mechanical connection of the two plasterboard panels 40 with each other over that of the insulation layer 10 done cleft gap. Also a peripheral edge connection of the outer plasterboard 40 is possible. The wall element shown here 1 can be used advantageously as a wall element for lightweight walls in the interior of buildings and achieves excellent acoustic decoupling values.

6 shows a fourth embodiment of a wall element according to the invention 1 which are on an isolation layer 10 is based on a second embodiment. The wall element 1 is again designed as a three-layer composite, wherein the outer layers each as rigid foam panels 50 are formed according to the first embodiment. The between the two foam boards 50 arranged insulation layer 10 However, in this embodiment is not made of a foamed plastic whose cells with a gel 16 are filled, but from a pure gel layer, with the gel 16 in an all-sided closed film wrapping 18 is introduced to escape the gel 16 to prevent. Also in this embodiment, the three layers of the wall element 1 captively mechanically interconnected in a suitable manner. The wall element shown here 1 is particularly suitable as a facade element for use in the context of known from the prior art thermal composite systems, wherein the wall element 1 covered after its attachment to a building exterior wall with a Armierungslage and subsequently plastered.

7 Now shows a fifth embodiment of a wall element according to the invention 1 . which in turn has a three-layer structure. In this embodiment, the centrally disposed insulation layer 10 in turn, the structure of the known from the first embodiment insulation layer 10 , The isolation situation 10 is enclosed between two hollow profile plates 60 , whose properties in turn the properties of the discussed in the first embodiment, hollow profile plate 60 correspond. Is shown in 7 the wall element 1 in supervision, from which the air-filled chambers 62 that are in the plane of the wall element 1 clearly visible. Again, the two outer hollow profile plates 60 in a suitable manner captively connected to each other, so that a mechanically highly resilient wall element 1 , which also has a very low basis weight is provided. This wall element 1 can be used excellently in vehicle construction, where it depends on lightweight construction and good acoustic decoupling properties.

8th finally shows again an isolation situation 10 , their structure of the isolation algae 10 according to the first embodiment corresponds. To prevent contamination in the cells 14 the layer of foamed plastic 12 safely avoiding caught gel is in this embodiment, the insulation layer 10 additionally with an all-round plastic cover 18 consisting of a film-like plastic wrapped, which is welded to completely seal the enclosed interior against environmental influences.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited non-patent literature

• Werner Riedel, Herbert Oberhausen, Frank Froeschel, Wolfgang Hagele: Thermal insulation systems, 1st edition, Baulino, ISBN 978-3-938537-01-5 [0004]

Claims (21)

Plate-shaped insulation layer ( 10 ) for a wall, for example a building wall, comprising a plate-shaped foamed plastic ( 12 ), which is open-cell or mixed-cell, wherein at least a subset of the cells ( 14 ) of the foamed plastic with a gel ( 16 ) are filled. Insulation layer ( 10 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the gel ( 16 ) is a hydrogel. Insulation layer ( 10 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the gel ( 16 ) Contains borate. Insulation layer ( 10 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the gel ( 16 ) Contains silica. Insulation layer ( 10 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the gel ( 16 ) contains at least one fungicidal substance. Insulation layer ( 10 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the gel ( 16 ) is heat-reversible. Insulation layer ( 10 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the foamed plastic is hydrophilic. Insulation layer ( 10 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the foamed plastic comprises melamine resin. Insulation layer ( 10 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the foamed plastic from a foil-like protective layer ( 18 ) is wrapped. Plate-shaped wall element ( 1 ) for building walls with an insulation layer ( 10 ) according to one or more of claims 1 to 9, and an inherently stable structural layer ( 20 ), with the insulation layer ( 10 ) is mechanically connected to a unit. Wall element ( 1 ) according to claim 10, characterized in that the insulation layer ( 10 ) captive mechanically with the structural layer ( 20 ) connected is. Wall element ( 1 ) according to claim 10, characterized in that it further comprises a third layer ( 30 ), and the insulation layer ( 10 ) between the structural position ( 20 ) and the third layer ( 30 ) is arranged. Wall element ( 1 ) according to claim 1 or 12, characterized in that the structural layer ( 20 ) or the third layer ( 30 ) are designed as a weather-resistant view-side layer. Wall element ( 1 ) according to claim 1 or 12, characterized in that the structural layer ( 20 ) or the third layer ( 30 ) is formed as a wall-side layer with low heat transfer coefficient U2. Wall element ( 1 ) according to claim 14, characterized in that the heat transfer coefficient U1 of the insulation layer ( 10 ) is smaller than the heat transfer coefficient U2 of the wall side layer. Wall element ( 1 ) according to claim 1 or 12, characterized in that the wall-side layer consists of EPS, EPP, EPE or a melamine resin foam. Wall element ( 1 ) according to claim 1 or 12, characterized in that the visible side layer of a plate-shaped profile ( 60 ) consists of a metallic material or a plastic. Method for producing an insulating layer ( 10 ) according to one or more of claims 1 to 9, comprising the following method steps: a. Providing a layer of open or mixed cellular foamed plastic ( 12 b. Introducing a gel ( 16 ) in at least a subset of the cells ( 14 ) of the foamed plastic. Process according to claim 18, characterized in that the gel ( 16 ) when introduced into the cells ( 14 ) of the foamed plastic is liquid and there solidification of the gel ( 16 ) entry. Process according to claim 19, characterized in that the gel ( 16 ) for introduction into the cells ( 14 ) of the foamed plastic is thermally liquefied. Process according to claim 17, characterized in that the gel ( 16 ) for introduction into the cells ( 14 ) of the foamed plastic is pressurized.

Images