DE102009019125B4 - System for electrically charging an energy store of an electrically operable vehicle and method for operating a system - Google Patents

Abstract

System for electrically charging an energy store of an electrically operated vehicle, with an inductive coupler which is set up for the vehicle-side arrangement, the inductive coupler having a cover (20) and a lower part (21) with a dome-like section, the dome-like section made of ferrite consists, wherein a secondary winding (2) of an inductive transformer is arranged on the dome-like section, a primary winding (6) can be arranged on the dome-like section for electrically charging the energy storage device of the vehicle, the secondary winding (2) having a capacitance in parallel or in series is switched on so that the associated resonance frequency corresponds to the frequency of the alternating current fed in, the cover (20) being releasably lockable with the lower part (21), a sensor for detecting the locking of the cover (20) with the lower part (21) on the Lower part (21) or cover (20) is arranged, the sensor with an electronic en circuit of the vehicle is connected, which is connected for data exchange with an electrical feed device with which the primary winding (6) can be charged with current, so that loading can only be released after locking the cover (20) with the lower part (21).

Description

The invention relates to a system for electrically charging an energy store of an electrically operated vehicle and a method for operating a system.

From the DE 10 2007 033 654 A1 it is known to connect the energy storage device of an electrically operated vehicle directly to a charger and to charge it.

From the U.S. 5,216,402 A an inductive coupler is known, a primary winding being inductively coupled to a secondary winding by means of a ferrite core designed with a dome-like projection.

From the U.S. 5,264,776 A an electrically operated vehicle is known which can be charged via an inductive coupler.

A connection system with an associated method is known from DE 697 14 879 T2.

From the DE 196 21 003 A1 a connector is known which enables inductive coupling.

From the U.S. 5,852,394 A an inductive coupler for charging an electric vehicle is known.

From the U.S. 5,341,083 A a non-contact energy charging system is known.

From the US 5 049 802 A a charging system for a vehicle is known.

The invention is therefore based on the object of increasing the safety when loading vehicles. In particular, an inductive coupler is to be provided for this purpose, which is to be provided for charging an energy store of a vehicle, wherein the coupler is to be set up for arrangement on the vehicle.

According to the invention, the object is achieved in the vehicle according to the features specified in claim 1 and in the method according to the features specified in claim 7.

Important features of the invention in the vehicle are, in particular in the electrically operated vehicle, that
a secondary winding of an inductive transformer is arranged in an area enclosed by a cover and a lower part,
whereby the secondary winding is attached to a dome-like protruding area,
wherein a primary winding can be plugged onto the area protruding like a dome, in particular for charging an energy store of the vehicle.

The advantage here is that a high degree of efficiency can be achieved by closing the cover and security is increased, since the inductive transmission takes place in a closable area.

In an advantageous embodiment, a capacitance is connected in parallel or in series to the secondary winding, so that the associated resonance frequency corresponds to the frequency of the alternating current fed in. The advantage here is that a high degree of efficiency can be achieved, which is also insensitive to fluctuations in distance or even air gap fluctuations in the inductive coupling.

In an advantageous embodiment, the cover can be releasably connected, in particular locked, to the lower part. The advantage here is that secure transmission can be achieved and dangerously high current and / or voltage values can only be released after locking.

In an advantageous embodiment, the primary winding and secondary winding are each designed as a ring winding. The advantage here is that simple production is made possible.

In an advantageous embodiment, ferrite material is arranged in the area encompassed by the cover and lower part in such a way that the magnetic field generated by the primary winding is passed through the area in the ferrite material enclosed by the primary winding and secondary winding and is also passed into ferrite material in the area surrounding the windings. The advantage here is that a strong inductive coupling can be implemented.

In an advantageous embodiment, the current taken up by the secondary winding is fed to a rectifier from which the energy store can be charged. The advantage here is that the charging current can be controlled, for example by a controllable rectifier or a switch arranged in the charging current path that can be controlled in a pulse-width-modulated manner, and safety is increased.

In an advantageous embodiment, a sensor for detecting the closing or locking of the cover to the lower part is arranged on the lower part or cover,
wherein the sensor is connected to an electronic circuit of the vehicle, which is connected for data exchange with an electrical feed device, with which the primary winding can be supplied with current, so that the loading only can be freely given after locking the lid with the lower part. The advantage here is that security is increased.

In an advantageous embodiment, ferrite material is arranged on the inside of the cover and the lower part. The advantage here is that the efficiency is increased and so is the safety, in particular also by means of the greater wall thickness against external mechanical influences.

In an advantageous embodiment, the dome-like protruding area made of ferrite material is formed on the ferrite material arranged on the inside of the lower part. The advantage here is that a high degree of efficiency can be achieved in a simple, cost-effective manner.

Important features of the method for operating a vehicle are that the vehicle has an electrically chargeable memory, the closing or locking of the cover with the lower part being monitored by a sensor arranged on the vehicle and the corresponding information being reported without contact to an electrical feed device, with which the primary winding can be supplied with current,
so that loading is only released after locking the lid with the lower part.

The advantage here is that security is increased, since dangerously high currents are only transmitted by the windings after they have been securely closed.

In an advantageous embodiment, the loading takes place inductively. The advantage here is that a galvanic decoupling of the vehicle can be achieved and thus the safety of people can be increased.

In an advantageous embodiment, the contactless information transmission is carried out by modulating alternating current components, in particular secondary-side modulation, and demodulation of the inductively transmitted alternating current components, in particular primary-side demodulation,
in particular wherein the alternating current components have a higher frequency than the center frequency of the alternating current impressed in the primary winding. The advantage here is that no additional transmission means are necessary for data transmission in a low-interference manner. In addition, the transmission is only possible after the inductive coupling of the primary winding to the secondary winding has been established. Safety is thus also increased in this way.

Further advantages result from the subclaims.

• In der 1 ist eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung in geöffnetem Zustand schematisch dargestellt, wobei die Primärwicklung explodiert dargestellt ist, also teilweise abgehoben.
• In der 2 ist eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung in geschlossenem Zustand schematisch dargestellt.
• In der 3 ist eine Sekundärwicklung der Vorrichtung in teilweise durchsichtiger Darstellung schematisch dargestellt.
• In der 4 ist die Vorrichtung ohne Sekundärwicklung und ohne Primärwicklung in geöffneter Darstellung schematisch dargestellt.
• In der 5 ist eine zugehörige Primärwicklung in teilweise durchsichtiger Darstellung schematisch dargestellt.

The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to figures:

• In the 1 a device according to the invention is shown schematically in the open state, the primary winding being shown exploded, that is to say partially lifted off.
• In the 2 a device according to the invention is shown schematically in the closed state.
• In the 3 a secondary winding of the device is shown schematically in a partially transparent representation.
• In the 4th the device without secondary winding and without primary winding is shown schematically in the open representation.
• In the 5 an associated primary winding is shown schematically in a partially transparent representation.

The in 1 shown inductive transmitter has a lower part 21 on that with a lid 20th is lockable. This is on the lid 20th a screw head part with screw thread area 9 arranged, the screw thread area 9 into a recess 4th , for example a round punching or a threaded hole, can be screwed in.

The lid 20th is therefore lockable with the lower part.

At least the primary winding is in the open state 6th removable. The lines of the primary conductor cable 7th are by means of the connection devices 30th with the electrical lines primary winding 6th connectable.

The primary winding 6th is designed as a ring winding and provided on a carrier, so that it has an essentially pineapple shape and on a dome-like protruding, approximately centrally arranged area 3 of ferrite material can be attached.

The secondary lines 5 are by means of the connection devices 50 with the electrical lines of the secondary winding 2 tied together. The secondary winding, also designed as a ring winding 2 also has a substantially pineapple shape and is on the dome-like protruding, approximately centrally arranged area 3 attached by ferrite material.

On the inside of the lid 20th and on the inside of the lid 21 Plate-shaped ferrite parts are arranged so that the magnetic field generated by the primary winding can be guided essentially completely in the ferrite material and thus a high degree of efficiency in inductive energy transmission can be achieved.

The device is preferably part of an electrically operated vehicle and enables the galvanically separated charging of an energy store, in particular a high-voltage energy store. This energy store, for example a rechargeable battery or a battery, preferably has a voltage of more than 100 volts when fully charged.

The lower part and the hinged or lockable cover are attached to the vehicle, as is the secondary winding 2 .

The primary winding 6th is intended to be stationary, for example at an electric filling station or in a garage. The primary winding 6th is only used to load the energy store after opening the lid 20th attached to the dome-like outstanding area. After closing the lid 20th the loading is carried out, in particular with a very high degree of efficiency.

A medium-frequency alternating current with a frequency between 10 and 500 kHz, in particular with a frequency between 19 and 30 kHz, is preferably fed into the primary winding.

A capacitance is connected in parallel or in series to the secondary winding, so that the associated resonance frequency corresponds to the frequency of the alternating current fed in. A high degree of efficiency can thus be achieved, which is insensitive to deviations from the intended inductive coupling strength.

The windings are designed and encapsulated on a printed circuit board as a carrier. In particular, a cost-effective production is thus advantageously made possible, since the conductor tracks of the circuit board are designed as concentric rings or as spirals and thus no complex wrapping with winding wire is necessary. A multi-layer printed circuit board is preferably used here, since a higher number of windings can thus be achieved with a small overall volume.

The lid 20th is by means of a hinge or pivot bearing on the lower part 21 rotatably mounted.

List of reference symbols

1

Ferrite core

2

Secondary winding

3

central ferrite core area

4th

Recess

5

Secondary line

6th

Primary winding

7th

Primary-side line

8th

Screw head part

9

Screw thread area

20th

lid

21

Lower part

30th

Connection device

50

Connection device

Claims (9)

System for the electrical charging of an energy store of an electrically operated vehicle, with an inductive coupler, which is set up for the vehicle-side arrangement, wherein the inductive coupler has a cover (20) and a lower part (21) with a dome-like section, wherein the dome-like section consists of ferrite, wherein a secondary winding (2) of an inductive transformer is arranged on the dome-like section, wherein a primary winding (6) can be arranged on the dome-like section for electrically charging the energy store of the vehicle, the secondary winding (2) has a capacitance connected in parallel or in series so that the associated resonance frequency corresponds to the frequency of the alternating current fed in, wherein the cover (20) can be releasably locked to the lower part (21), wherein a sensor for detecting the locking of the cover (20) with the lower part (21) is arranged on the lower part (21) or cover (20), wherein the sensor is connected to an electronic circuit of the vehicle, which is connected for data exchange with an electrical feed device with which the primary winding (6) can be supplied with current, so that loading is only possible after locking the cover (20) with the lower part ( 21) can be released. System according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the primary winding (6) and secondary winding (2) are each designed as a ring winding. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the area enclosed by the cover (20) and lower part (21) ferrite material is arranged in such a way that the magnetic field generated by the primary winding (6) is caused by that of the primary winding (6) and secondary winding ( 2) each enclosed area is conducted in the ferrite material and is also conducted in the area surrounding the windings in ferrite material. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the current taken up by the secondary winding (2) is fed to a rectifier from which the energy store can be charged. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that ferrite material is arranged on the inside of the cover (20) and the lower part (21). System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the ferrite material arranged on the inside of the lower part (21) the dome-like protruding area made of ferrite material is formed. Method for operating a system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the vehicle has an electrically chargeable memory, characterized in that the locking of the cover (20) to the lower part (21) is monitored by a sensor arranged on the vehicle and the corresponding information is contactlessly is reported to an electrical feed device with which the primary winding (6) can be charged with current, so that loading is only released after locking the cover (20) with the lower part (21). Procedure according to Claim 7 , characterized in that the loading takes place inductively. Procedure according to Claim 7 or 8th , characterized in that the contactless information transmission is carried out by means of secondary modulation of alternating current components and primary-side demodulation of the inductively transmitted alternating current components, the alternating current components having a higher frequency than the center frequency of the alternating current impressed in the primary winding (6).

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