DE102009009860B4 - Especially pre-assembled photovoltaic system connection cabinet - Google Patents

Abstract

A preassembled photovoltaic panel cabinet (16) having a housing (20), a number of DC terminals (30) mounted therein, a number of inverter locations (34) mounted therein, at least one AC terminal (32) mounted therein, a number of DC mounted therein Wirings (40) each leading from a DC terminal (30) to an inverter site (34) and a number of AC wirings (42) mounted therein, each from one inverter site (34) to at least one AC terminal (32).

Description

Background of the invention

The The invention relates to a special type of pre-assembly of a photovoltaic installation connection cabinet and a method for producing a photovoltaic system with such photovoltaic plant connection cabinets.

at Large photovoltaic plants photovoltaic modules or photovoltaic surface elements are provided, the direct current generated by them via individual associated strand lines deliver. The strand lines of the individual photovoltaic modules are usually brought together by means of a collector to a manifold. Several manifolds are bundled by group collectors. To the group collectors closes each a photovoltaic inverter at. The photovoltaic inverter feeds it from the photovoltaic system electricity generated in a power grid, such as the public Power grid, a.

To the such bundles and converting the current of the individual photovoltaic modules is a Significant amount of wiring and expertise through factory customer service necessary, the usual Photovoltaic systems significantly affect their costs negatively.

Out WO 2008/119034 A1 is a recording system of the maximum current of solar panels known in which, among other strands of the individual solar panels are bundled.

Out US 2001/0023703 A1 is a solar power system and its monitoring known in which also the strands of the individual solar panels are bundled.

Out Dr. Gabler et al., Large Scale Photovoltaic Technology and Realization, FVS Themen 2002, pp 56-60, is an electrical configuration of a photovoltaic system with central inverter concept known.

Underlying task

It It is an object of the invention to provide a photovoltaic system, at the expense of their Wiring significantly reduced and therefore more cost-effective is designed.

Inventive solution

The Task is inventively with a pre-assembled Photovoltaic systems connection cabinet according to claim 1 and a method for producing a photovoltaic system according to claim 10 solved. Advantageous developments of the solution according to the invention are described in the dependent claims.

According to the invention is a Pre-assembled photovoltaic system connection cabinet with a housing, one Number of DC and DC connectors mounted therein, one Number of inverter places mounted in it, at least one in it mounted AC or AC port, a number of mounted in it DC or DC wiring, each from a DC connection lead to an inverter site, and a number of AC wirings mounted therein each lead from one inverter place to at least one AC connection created.

Further is according to the invention proposed a method for producing a photovoltaic system, with the steps: Building several photovoltaic modules, setting up a plurality of preassembled according to the invention Photovoltaic system terminal cabinets, providing a power cord, inserting of matching to the photovoltaic modules inverters in the Photovoltaic system connection cabinets and connecting or electrical coupling the photovoltaic modules with the photovoltaic plant connection cabinets as well the photovoltaic system connection cabinets with the power cable.

Of the Advantage of the procedure according to the invention lies in the fact that within the photovoltaic system by a special Kind of bundling and compact wiring between individual components in each assigned connection cabinets the wiring effort can be significantly reduced. Especially The installation effort is reduced and the necessary knowledge a simple electrician enough for maintenance and repair out. Further enable it the photovoltaic plant connection cabinets according to the invention, that they are preassembled in a factory, reducing the cost of each Wiring can be further lowered. In addition, the photovoltaic installation connection cabinets according to the invention provide identical parts that is also for different types and sizes of Photovoltaic systems and even for different types and sizes of Inverters can be used. such Common parts lead to the effect that they are in big numbers and thus particularly cost-effective can be produced. The invention thus creates identical parts in that extent, on the one hand economical and on the other hand technically for the solution of the above mentioned object purposeful is.

In a first advantageous embodiment of the invention, preassembled photovoltaic system connection box, the number Wech Selrichterplätze 2 to 10, in particular from 5 to 7, selected. This number of inverter stations, according to the invention investigations have provided under Be consideration of the surface area and the spatial distribution of photovoltaic modules in photovoltaic systems an optimum in terms of cabling between the module and cabinet on the one hand and between cabinet and power connector on the other.

at a second advantageous embodiment of the invention, pre-assembled Photovoltaic panels are the DC wirings and the AC wiring for an inverter power at the single inverter place of 10 kW to 50 kW, in particular from 10 kW to 35 kW, adjusted. A Such a configuration of the photovoltaic plant connection cabinets according to the invention opens up this a wide field of application with simultaneous consideration of unit price effects and for that necessary wiring effort.

at a third advantageous embodiment of the invention, pre-assembled Photovoltaic Panels includes the single DC wiring one pre-assembled DC or DC disconnector. Enable such DC circuit breaker a particularly simple replacement of individual inverters Installers on site. Furthermore, in the event of a fault only a small part of the photovoltaic system no longer has energy.

at a fourth advantageous embodiment of the invention, preassembled Photovoltaic Panels includes the single DC wiring one pre-assembled DC overvoltage protection. The DC overvoltage protection is an essential part of the invention pre-assembled in the connection cabinet Protective.

at a fifth advantageous development of the invention, preassembled photovoltaic system connection box For example, the single AC wiring includes a preassembled AC or AC main switch. The AC main switch allows a complete Disconnecting a whole connection cabinet or a part thereof with its associated Branch of the photovoltaic system from the grid, making necessary repairs or maintenance work there also by not specially trained Installers can be made without security risk.

at a sixth advantageous development of the invention, preassembled Photovoltaic installation panel includes the single AC wiring one pre-assembled AC or AC fuse. Such AC fuses are according to the invention provided in clearly defined places, so that in case of a Disorder or an emergency quickly and clearly can be reached. In this way, the error detection time at photovoltaic systems according to the invention be lowered considerably.

at a seventh advantageous development of the invention, pre-assembled Photovoltaic system connection box is pre-assembled with at least one data line connection, in particular with a DC disconnect switch, a DC overvoltage protection and / or an AC fuse is operationally coupled. Such accommodation and coupling of the data line terminals is in view of the photovoltaic systems, often harsh environmental conditions especially reliable.

at an eighth advantageous development of the invention, pre-assembled Photovoltaic plant connection box is every inverter place a ventilation device assigned and in particular in a base of the terminal box arranged at least one air filter. Such ventilation of the inventive junction box takes care of a good cooling and safely prevents any ingress of dirt for all housed there components, which in existing systems with their Variety of cabinets and boxes for accommodating electrical and electronic components not always the case.

All in all leads the not according to the invention only to lower costs, it also improves the clarity significantly the photovoltaic systems according to the invention for installers and for the Maintenance personnel. For Designers of photovoltaic systems thus also the planning effort reduced. Due to the modular construction according to the invention can almost any kind of inverter can be integrated. Advantage is next to one easier installation too, that in case of inverter failure only a small part of the plant or the power plant no power delivers more. Further, the replacement by installers may be Place without big Previous knowledge will be made.

following is an embodiment of solution according to the invention the attached schematic drawings closer explained. It shows:

1 a perspective view of an embodiment of a photovoltaic system according to the invention with two pre-assembled photovoltaic plant connection cabinets,

2 a perspective view of a photovoltaic system connection cabinet according to 1 .

3 the view III. in 2 and

4 the view IV in 2 ,

A photovoltaic system 10 according to 1 includes several photovoltaic modules or surface elements 12 , which are also referred to as solar panels and of which in sunlight each strands or strings 14 Direct current (DC) to a photovoltaic system connection cabinet 16 deliver. In the photovoltaic system connection cabinet 16 becomes the DC of several strings 14 bundled and converted into alternating current (AC), to be followed by a power cord 18 to be supplied to a power network, not shown, such as the public network.

The single photovoltaic system connection cabinet 16 is in the production of the photovoltaic system 10 delivered and set up as a preassembled module. His specially adapted internal structure is in the 2 to 4 shown.

The photovoltaic system connection cabinet 16 includes a cuboid housing 20 with a total of three doors 22 of which two are on a side wall and one on an end wall of the photovoltaic installation panel 16 are arranged. The likewise cuboid interior of the photovoltaic system connection cabinet 16 is by means of a partition 24 in two chambers 26 and 28 divided up. The chamber 26 is through the door 22 accessible in the front wall and contains pre-assembled DC connections 30 and a preassembled AC connector 32 , Furthermore, lead the string lines 14 and the power cord 18 from below into the chamber 26 , The chamber 28 is through the two doors 22 accessible in the side wall and contains a total of six inverter sites 34 for arranging each one (not further illustrated) inverter. Further, at the top of the chamber 28 a total of three fans 36 and at the bottom three associated air filters 38 arranged. The fans 36 promote the operation of the photovoltaic system connection cabinet 16 out of the chamber 28 the air that previously passed through the air grille (not yet shown) at the base of the photovoltaic system connection box 16 through the air filters 38 was sucked in. This cools them at the inverter stations 34 arranged inverter. This cooling is substantially beneficial to the chamber 28 limited and does not include the chamber 26 , The inverters are arranged on two levels and in two rows one behind the other (see 2 ) so that through the chamber 26 flowing from bottom to top cooling air flows through only one level at each inverter.

In the 2 is also the conduction path or wiring path through the photovoltaic system connection cabinet 16 illustrated. The string lines 14 lead on one side from below into the chamber 26 , above it the DC connections 30 are located. From these DC connections 30 lead DC wiring 40 essentially horizontally in the chamber 28 to the respective inverter locations 34 , From there lead AC wiring 42 essentially horizontal back to the chamber 26 on the side, on the bottom of which is the power cord 18 out of the chamber 26 out leads.

The DC wiring 40 include in the chamber 26 one pre-assembled DC overvoltage protection each 44 and a pre-assembled DC disconnect switch 46 , The AC wiring 42 include in the chamber 26 a total of six AC surge suppressors 48 and six AC backup groups 50 and an AC main switch 52 which are wired together according to their functionality.

Finally, in the chamber 26 over the AC wiring 42 one more data line connection 54 mounted internally with the DC disconnectors 46 , the DC surge arrester 44 , the AC surge arrester 48 and the AC backup groups 50 wired.

When manufacturing the photovoltaic system 10 First, the photovoltaic modules 12 constructed and the string lines 14 and the power cord 18 laid on the ground. The following are the pre-assembled photovoltaic plant connection cabinets 16 set up and with for the photovoltaic modules 12 equipped with suitable inverters. At the same time, the photovoltaic plant connection cabinets 16 with the string lines 14 and the power cord 18 be connected to the finished photovoltaic system 10 to build.

10

photovoltaic system

12

Photovoltaic module

14

train line

16

Photovoltaic systems connection cabinet

18

Power cord

20

casing

22

door

24

partition wall

26

chamber

28

chamber

30

DC connection

32

AC connection

34

Inverter place

36

Fan

38

air filter

40

DC wiring

42

AC Wiring

44

DC overvoltage protection

46

DC circuit breaker

48

AC overvoltage protection

50

AC fuse group

52

AC main switch

54

Data line connection

Claims (10)

Pre-assembled photovoltaic system connection cabinet ( 16 ) with a housing ( 20 ), a number of DC connectors mounted therein ( 30 ), a number of inverter sites mounted therein ( 34 ), at least one AC terminal mounted therein ( 32 ), a number of DC wirings mounted therein ( 40 ), each from a DC connector ( 30 ) to an inverter location ( 34 ) and a number of AC wirings ( 42 ), each from an inverter station ( 34 ) to at least one AC connection ( 32 ) to lead. Pre-assembled photovoltaic system connection cabinet according to claim 1, in which the number of inverter stations ( 34 ) is selected from 2 to 10, in particular from 5 to 7. Pre-assembled photovoltaic installation cabinet according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the DC-wirings ( 40 ) and the AC wiring ( 42 ) for an inverter power at the individual inverter station ( 34 ) are adjusted from 10 kW to 50 kW, in particular from 10 kW to 35 kW. Pre-assembled photovoltaic installation cabinet according to one of Claims 1 to 3, in which the individual DC wiring ( 40 ) a pre-assembled DC circuit breaker ( 46 ). Pre-assembled photovoltaic installation cabinet according to one of Claims 1 to 4, in which the individual DC wiring ( 40 ) a pre-assembled DC surge protection ( 44 ). Pre-assembled photovoltaic installation cabinet according to one of Claims 1 to 5, in which the individual AC wiring ( 42 ) a preassembled AC main switch ( 52 ). A pre-assembled photovoltaic installation box according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the single AC wiring ( 42 ) a pre-assembled AC fuse ( 50 ). Pre-assembled photovoltaic system connection cabinet according to one of Claims 1 to 7, in which at least one data line connection ( 54 ), in particular with a DC circuit breaker ( 46 ), a DC overvoltage protection ( 44 ) and / or an AC fuse ( 50 ) is operationally coupled. Pre-assembled photovoltaic system connection cabinet according to one of Claims 1 to 8, in which each inverter station ( 34 ) a ventilation device ( 36 . 38 ) and in particular in a base of the connection box at least one air filter ( 38 ) is arranged. Method for producing a photovoltaic system ( 10 ) with the steps: building several photovoltaic modules ( 12 ), Installation of several preassembled photovoltaic plant connection cabinets ( 16 ) according to one of claims 1 to 9, providing a mains connection cable ( 18 ), Inserting to the photovoltaic modules ( 12 ) suitable inverters in the photovoltaic plant connection cabinets ( 16 ) and connecting the photovoltaic modules ( 12 ) with the photovoltaic plant connection cabinets ( 16 ) and the photovoltaic plant connection cabinets ( 16 ) with the power cord ( 18 ).