CN212627672U - Capacitor pre-charging device - Google Patents
Capacitor pre-charging device Download PDFInfo
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- CN212627672U CN212627672U CN202021478441.XU CN202021478441U CN212627672U CN 212627672 U CN212627672 U CN 212627672U CN 202021478441 U CN202021478441 U CN 202021478441U CN 212627672 U CN212627672 U CN 212627672U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a capacitor pre-charging device, which comprises a rectifying circuit unit, a pre-charging circuit unit and a direct current voltage smoothing circuit unit, wherein the direct current voltage smoothing circuit unit comprises one or more capacitors to be charged, two ends of the direct current voltage smoothing circuit unit are correspondingly connected with two output ends of the rectifying circuit unit, the input end of the rectifying circuit unit is connected with an alternating current power supply, and the pre-charging circuit unit is connected in series on a circuit connected with the direct current voltage smoothing circuit unit and the rectifying circuit unit; the pre-charging circuit unit comprises an additional resistor, a positive temperature coefficient thermistor and a relay, wherein the additional resistor and the positive temperature coefficient thermistor are connected in series in a first branch circuit, and two ends of the relay are connected in parallel at two ends of the first branch circuit. The capacitor pre-charging device provided by the utility model can meet the use occasions of large current and high voltage; the circuit structure is simple, and the charging requirement can be met without control; the wiring mode is simple, and the risk of wrong wiring is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an electric capacity charges the field in advance, especially relates to an electric capacity is charging device in advance.
Background
With the rapid development of modern power electronic technology and microelectronic technology, high-voltage high-power frequency conversion speed regulation devices are continuously mature. Taking a high-voltage high-power frequency converter as an example, the direct-current bus needs to be provided with a pre-charging device except for parts including a rectifying circuit, an inverter circuit, a filter circuit and the like; the pre-charging device can limit the current for charging the capacitor at the moment of power-on, thereby protecting the elements of the inverter from being damaged by the instant short-circuit current of the capacitor.
The direct current bus voltage in the high-voltage high-power frequency converter can reach up to ten thousand volts, so the insulation of the pre-charging device is a difficult point. In a multilevel circuit including a flying capacitor, the voltages to be precharged are different from one capacitor to another, which causes problems of cost, size and complexity. The above problem is a challenge for frequency converters requiring high efficiency, high power density, high reliability and low cost.
The prior pre-charging device is provided with a PTC (positive temperature coefficient thermistor) pre-charging device, an NTC (negative temperature coefficient thermistor) pre-charging device and a resistor pre-charging device, but all have a plurality of defects, for example, the PTC (positive temperature coefficient thermistor) pre-charging device is used under high voltage and high current to carry out pre-charging power and is difficult to meet the requirement, so that a plurality of parallel or serial connection modes are required to be combined for use, and the cost is improved; under the condition of high voltage and large current, the NTC (negative temperature coefficient thermistor) pre-charging device has the disadvantages that the temperature is increased more and the resistance is reduced, the charging current is increased more and more, and the charging current is overlarge to damage an electrolytic capacitor. Is not suitable for large current; the resistor pre-charging device has the advantages that the charging current is linear during charging, the charging current fluctuates along with voltage fluctuation, the charging current is not easy to control, the charging characteristic cannot be well protected when an electrolytic capacitor or a rear-end output part is short-circuited, a plurality of resistors are often required to be connected in parallel or in series for use when high voltage and heavy current exist, and the occupied wiring position on a PCB is large.
In the prior art, high voltage and large current are also commonly used for pre-charging by using an IGBT or an MOS, but a charging circuit and control are complex, and the cost is high. When three-phase alternating current is adopted, one phase and a zero line can form a single phase to reduce voltage and charge a capacitor, but a charging circuit needs to be added, and wiring is complex.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the problem that exists among the prior art, the utility model provides an electric capacity is charging device in advance has changed the parallelly connected basic method of connecing of electric capacity among the prior art, and it is great effectively to prevent that individual electric capacity from flowing through electric current, and the problem that individual electric capacity life-span that charge and discharge frequently leads to shortens realizes the degree of consistency and the stability of frequency conversion controller energy storage electric capacity charge and discharge to a certain extent, prolongs the life of electric capacity, technical scheme is as follows:
on one hand, the utility model provides a capacitor pre-charging device, including rectifier circuit unit, pre-charge circuit unit and direct current voltage smoothing circuit unit, direct current voltage smoothing circuit unit includes one or more to wait the condenser that charges, the both ends of direct current voltage smoothing circuit unit correspond with two output terminals of rectifier circuit unit and link to each other, alternating current power supply is inserted to the input of rectifier circuit unit, pre-charge circuit unit establishes ties on the circuit that direct current voltage smoothing circuit unit and rectifier circuit unit link to each other; the pre-charging circuit unit comprises an additional resistor, a positive temperature coefficient thermistor and a relay, wherein the additional resistor and the positive temperature coefficient thermistor are connected in series in a first branch circuit, and two ends of the relay are connected in parallel at two ends of the first branch circuit.
Furthermore, when the rectifier circuit unit is connected with a three-phase alternating-current power supply, the rectifier circuit unit is a bridge rectifier circuit formed by packaging three groups of first diodes and second diodes which are correspondingly connected one by one into a whole, the anode of each group of the first diodes is connected with the cathode of the second diodes, and the connecting part of the first diodes and the second diodes of each group is led out to form an input end which can be connected with the three-phase alternating-current power supply;
when the rectifying circuit unit is connected with a single-phase alternating-current power supply, the rectifying circuit unit is a bridge rectifying circuit formed by packaging two groups of first diodes and second diodes which are correspondingly connected one by one into a whole, the anode of each group of the first diodes is connected with the cathode of the second diodes, and the connecting part of the first diodes and the second diodes of each group leads out an input end which can be connected with the single-phase alternating-current power supply.
Further, the direct current voltage smoothing circuit unit includes a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a third capacitor and a fourth capacitor, the first capacitor and the third capacitor are connected to a first branch, the second capacitor and the fourth capacitor are connected to a second branch, and a line connected to the first capacitor and the third capacitor is electrically connected to a line connected to the second capacitor and the fourth capacitor.
Further, the first capacitor, the second capacitor, the third capacitor and the fourth capacitor are all electrolytic capacitors.
Further, the rectifying circuit unit, the pre-charging circuit unit and the direct-current voltage smoothing circuit unit can be connected with each other inside or outside the circuit board; both ends of the direct current voltage smoothing circuit unit can output direct current voltage.
On the other hand, the utility model provides a capacitor pre-charging device, including rectifier circuit unit, pre-charge circuit unit and direct current voltage smoothing circuit unit, direct current voltage smoothing circuit unit includes one or more to-be-charged condenser, the both ends of direct current voltage smoothing circuit unit correspond with two output terminals of rectifier circuit unit and link to each other, alternating current power supply is inserted to the input of rectifier circuit unit, pre-charge circuit unit establishes ties on alternating current power supply and the circuit that rectifier circuit unit links to each other; the pre-charging circuit unit comprises an additional resistor, a positive temperature coefficient thermistor and a relay, wherein the additional resistor and the positive temperature coefficient thermistor are connected in series in a first branch circuit, and two ends of the relay are connected in parallel at two ends of the first branch circuit.
Furthermore, when the rectifier circuit unit is connected with a three-phase alternating-current power supply, the rectifier circuit unit is a bridge rectifier circuit formed by packaging three groups of first diodes and second diodes which are correspondingly connected one by one into a whole, the anode of each group of the first diodes is connected with the cathode of the second diodes, and the connecting part of the first diodes and the second diodes of each group is led out to form an input end which can be connected with the three-phase alternating-current power supply;
when the rectifying circuit unit is connected with a single-phase alternating-current power supply, the rectifying circuit unit is a bridge rectifying circuit formed by packaging two groups of first diodes and second diodes which are correspondingly connected one by one into a whole, the anode of each group of the first diodes is connected with the cathode of the second diodes, and the connecting part of the first diodes and the second diodes of each group leads out an input end which can be connected with the single-phase alternating-current power supply.
Further, the direct current voltage smoothing circuit unit includes a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a third capacitor and a fourth capacitor, the first capacitor and the third capacitor are connected to a first branch, the second capacitor and the fourth capacitor are connected to a second branch, and a line connected to the first capacitor and the third capacitor is electrically connected to a line connected to the second capacitor and the fourth capacitor.
Further, the first capacitor, the second capacitor, the third capacitor and the fourth capacitor are all electrolytic capacitors.
Further, the rectifying circuit unit, the pre-charging circuit unit and the direct-current voltage smoothing circuit unit can be connected with each other inside or outside the circuit board; both ends of the direct current voltage smoothing circuit unit can output direct current voltage.
The utility model provides a beneficial effect that technical scheme brought as follows:
the PTC and the resistor can be used in a mixed manner, so that the use cost of the PTC can be reduced, and the charging effect of the single PTC can be met;
b. the device can meet the use occasions of large current and high voltage;
c. the circuit structure is simple, and the charging requirement can be met without control;
d. the wiring mode is simple, and the risk of wrong wiring is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a capacitor pre-charging device according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is connected to a three-phase ac power supply;
fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a single-phase ac connection of a capacitor pre-charging device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein the reference numerals include: 1-a rectifying circuit unit, 11-a first diode, 12-a second diode, 2-a pre-charging circuit unit, 21-an additional resistor, 22-a positive temperature coefficient thermistor, 23-a relay, 3-a direct current voltage smoothing circuit unit, 31-a first capacitor, 32-a second capacitor, 33-a third capacitor, 34-a fourth capacitor, 35-a fifth capacitor.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solution of the present invention better understood, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts shall belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In one embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a capacitor pre-charging apparatus, see fig. 1, comprising a rectifier circuit unit 1, a pre-charging circuit unit 2 and a dc voltage smoothing circuit unit 3, the direct-current voltage smoothing circuit unit 3 comprises one or more capacitors to be charged, two ends of the direct-current voltage smoothing circuit unit 3 are correspondingly connected with two output ends of the rectifying circuit unit 1, the input end of the rectification circuit unit 1 is connected with an alternating current power supply, the pre-charging circuit unit 2 is connected in series on a line connecting the direct current voltage smoothing circuit unit 3 and the rectification circuit unit 1 to form a loop, the rectifying circuit unit 1, the pre-charging circuit unit 2 and the direct-current voltage smoothing circuit unit 3 can be connected with each other in a circuit board or outside the circuit board; the pre-charge circuit unit 2 includes an additional resistor 21, a positive temperature coefficient thermistor 22 and a relay 23, the additional resistor 21 and the ptc thermistor 22 are connected in series in a first branch, the additional resistor 21 can be a thermistor, preferably a ptc thermistor with different power and different resistance than the ptc thermistor 22, the additional resistor 21 may be replaced by another resistive device, the additional resistor 21 is used for sharing the current and voltage of the positive temperature coefficient thermistor 22, to meet the requirement of large current and high voltage drop, two ends of the relay 23 are connected in parallel with two ends of the first branch, the precharge circuit unit 2 may protect the dc voltage smoothing circuit unit 3, the dc voltage smoothing circuit unit 3 may reduce fluctuation of the dc voltage by a capacitor, and both ends of the dc voltage smoothing circuit unit 3 may output the dc voltage. It should be noted that the pre-charge circuit unit 2 may be connected to the DC + terminal or the DC-terminal of the ac power rectified by the rectifier circuit unit 1, and then connected to the DC voltage smoothing circuit unit 3, both of which are within the protection scope of the present embodiment.
The direct-current voltage smoothing circuit unit 3 includes a first capacitor 31, a second capacitor 32, a third capacitor 33, and a fourth capacitor 34, where the first capacitor 31, the second capacitor 32, the third capacitor 33, and the fourth capacitor 34 are all electrolytic capacitors, the first capacitor 31 and the third capacitor 33 are connected in a first branch, the second capacitor 32 and the fourth capacitor are connected in a second branch, and a line connecting the first capacitor 31 and the third capacitor 33 is electrically connected to a line connecting the second capacitor 32 and the fourth capacitor 34. It should be noted that, the dc voltage smoothing circuit unit 3 can be simplified to an electrolytic capacitor, such as the fifth capacitor 35 shown in fig. 2, according to the design requirement, so that it is within the protection scope of the present example to replace the dc voltage smoothing circuit unit 3 with a unit similar to the functional structure of the dc voltage smoothing circuit unit 3.
In an embodiment of the present invention, when the rectifier circuit unit 1 is connected to a three-phase ac power supply, the rectifier circuit unit 1 is a bridge rectifier circuit formed by encapsulating three groups of first diodes 11 and second diodes 12 connected in a one-to-one correspondence, each group of the first diodes 11 has their anodes connected to the cathodes of the second diodes 12, each group of the first diodes 11 and the junctions of the second diodes 12 all draw input terminals capable of being connected to a three-phase ac power supply, and the cathodes of the first diodes 11 and the anodes of the second diodes 12 respectively draw two output terminals of the rectifier circuit unit 1.
In an embodiment of the present invention, when the rectifier circuit unit 1 is connected to a single-phase ac power supply, the rectifier circuit unit 1 is a bridge rectifier circuit formed by two sets of first diodes 11 and second diodes 12 connected in a one-to-one manner, each set of the first diodes 11 has their anodes connected to the cathodes of the second diodes 12, each set of the first diodes 11 has their junctions connected to the second diodes 12 to draw out an input terminal capable of being connected to a single-phase ac power supply, and the cathodes of the first diodes 11 and the anodes of the second diodes 12 respectively draw out two output terminals of the rectifier circuit unit 1.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the mode of combining the additional resistor 21 and the positive temperature coefficient thermistor 22 can reduce the voltage to be applied to the positive temperature coefficient thermistor 22 after the voltage division by the additional resistor 21 to reduce the power consumption of the positive temperature coefficient thermistor 22, thereby reducing the heat generation of the positive temperature coefficient thermistor 22, and the resistance value of the positive temperature coefficient thermistor 22 is increased in a step manner along with the rise of the temperature, so that the positive temperature coefficient thermistor 22 can continuously charge the capacitor; when alternating current passes through the rectifying circuit unit 1, the relay is open at the moment, current flows through the additional resistor 21 and the positive temperature coefficient thermistor 22 to pre-charge the electrolytic capacitor in the direct current voltage smoothing circuit unit 3, and the relay 23 is opened after the target voltage is charged, so that the impact of the current on the electrolytic capacitor is reduced;
when the input voltage is high and the capacity of the electrolytic capacitor is large, the current of dozens of amperes or hundreds of amperes can be formed by pre-charging, if only the positive temperature coefficient thermistor 22 is used, the high voltage and the high current are both added on the positive temperature coefficient thermistor 22, the positive temperature coefficient thermistor 22 can stop charging due to the fact that the power is too high and heat is generated, and the charging requirement cannot be met; after the additional resistor 21 is connected in series, the additional resistor 21 will divide a part of voltage during charging, and will limit a part of current at the same time, so that the current and voltage flowing through the ptc thermistor 22 will not be heated too high to stop charging, and when the electrolytic capacitor or the subsequent output circuit in the dc voltage smoothing circuit unit 3 has a short circuit, the ptc thermistor 22 can be heated to stop charging, thereby playing a protection role.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the dc voltage smoothing circuit unit 3 includes one or more capacitors to be charged, see fig. 2, and specifically, the dc voltage smoothing circuit unit 3 includes a fifth capacitor 35, two ends of the dc voltage smoothing circuit unit 3 are correspondingly connected to two output ends of the rectifier circuit unit 1, an input end of the rectifier circuit unit 1 is connected to an ac power supply, and the precharge circuit unit 2 is connected in series to a line connecting the ac power supply and the rectifier circuit unit 1; the pre-charging circuit unit 2 comprises an additional resistor 21, a positive temperature coefficient thermistor 22 and a relay 23, wherein the additional resistor 21 and the positive temperature coefficient thermistor 22 are connected in series in a first branch, and two ends of the relay 23 are connected in parallel at two ends of the first branch.
Unlike the above embodiments, the pre-charge circuit unit 2 is connected in series to the line connecting the dc voltage smoothing circuit unit 3 and the rectifier circuit unit 1 in the above embodiments, and the pre-charge circuit unit 2 is connected in series to the line connecting the ac power supply and the rectifier circuit unit 1 in the present embodiments, but the difference between the two embodiments is that the position of the pre-charge circuit unit 2 is shifted, and besides, the pre-charge circuit unit 2 has the same effect, can protect the dc voltage smoothing circuit unit 3 and provide a stable current for the dc voltage smoothing circuit unit 3, and the functions of other components are similar, and the descriptions of the above embodiments except the position where the pre-charge circuit unit 2 is connected in series are incorporated into the present embodiments by reference, and are not repeated.
The capacitor pre-charging device provided by the utility model can meet the use occasions of large current and high voltage; the circuit structure is simple, and the charging requirement can be met without control; the wiring mode is simple, and the risk of wrong wiring is reduced.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A capacitor pre-charging device is characterized by comprising a rectifying circuit unit (1), a pre-charging circuit unit (2) and a direct-current voltage smoothing circuit unit (3), wherein the direct-current voltage smoothing circuit unit (3) comprises one or more capacitors to be charged, two ends of the direct-current voltage smoothing circuit unit (3) are correspondingly connected with two output ends of the rectifying circuit unit (1), an alternating-current power supply is connected to an input end of the rectifying circuit unit (1), and the pre-charging circuit unit (2) is connected in series on a line connecting the direct-current voltage smoothing circuit unit (3) and the rectifying circuit unit (1); the pre-charging circuit unit (2) comprises an additional resistor (21), a positive temperature coefficient thermistor (22) and a relay (23), wherein the additional resistor (21) and the positive temperature coefficient thermistor (22) are connected in series in a first branch, and two ends of the relay (23) are connected in parallel at two ends of the first branch.
2. The capacitive pre-charging device according to claim 1, wherein when the rectifier circuit unit (1) is connected to a three-phase alternating current power supply, the rectifier circuit unit (1) is a bridge rectifier circuit formed by packaging three groups of first diodes (11) and second diodes (12) which are connected in a one-to-one correspondence, wherein the anode of the first diode (11) in each group is connected with the cathode of the second diode (12), and the connection between the first diode (11) and the second diode (12) in each group leads out an input end which can be connected to the three-phase alternating current power supply;
when the rectifying circuit unit (1) is connected with a single-phase alternating-current power supply, the rectifying circuit unit (1) is a bridge rectifying circuit formed by packaging two groups of first diodes (11) and second diodes (12) which are correspondingly connected into a whole, the anode of each first diode (11) in each group is connected with the cathode of each second diode (12), and the connecting part of each first diode (11) and each second diode (12) in each group leads out an input end which can be connected with the single-phase alternating-current power supply.
3. A capacitor pre-charging arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the dc voltage smoothing circuit unit (3) comprises a first capacitor (31), a second capacitor (32), a third capacitor (33) and a fourth capacitor (34), the first capacitor (31) and the third capacitor (33) being connected in a first branch, the second capacitor (32) and the fourth capacitor being connected in a second branch, and a line connecting the first capacitor (31) and the third capacitor (33) being electrically connected to a line connecting the second capacitor (32) and the fourth capacitor (34).
4. A capacitor pre-charging arrangement according to claim 3, wherein the first capacitor (31), the second capacitor (32), the third capacitor (33) and the fourth capacitor (34) are electrolytic capacitors.
5. The capacitive pre-charging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein wiring can be made inside or outside a circuit board between the rectifier circuit unit (1), the pre-charging circuit unit (2), and the direct-current voltage smoothing circuit unit (3); both ends of the DC voltage smoothing circuit unit (3) can output DC voltage.
6. A capacitor pre-charging device is characterized by comprising a rectifying circuit unit (1), a pre-charging circuit unit (2) and a direct-current voltage smoothing circuit unit (3), wherein the direct-current voltage smoothing circuit unit (3) comprises one or more capacitors to be charged, two ends of the direct-current voltage smoothing circuit unit (3) are correspondingly connected with two output ends of the rectifying circuit unit (1), an input end of the rectifying circuit unit (1) is connected with an alternating-current power supply, and the pre-charging circuit unit (2) is connected in series on a line connected with the alternating-current power supply and the rectifying circuit unit (1); the pre-charging circuit unit (2) comprises an additional resistor (21), a positive temperature coefficient thermistor (22) and a relay (23), wherein the additional resistor (21) and the positive temperature coefficient thermistor (22) are connected in series in a first branch, and two ends of the relay (23) are connected in parallel at two ends of the first branch.
7. The capacitive pre-charging device according to claim 6, wherein when the rectifier circuit unit (1) is connected to a three-phase alternating current power supply, the rectifier circuit unit (1) is a bridge rectifier circuit formed by packaging three groups of first diodes (11) and second diodes (12) which are connected in a one-to-one correspondence, wherein the anode of the first diode (11) in each group is connected with the cathode of the second diode (12), and the connection between the first diode (11) and the second diode (12) in each group leads out an input end which can be connected to the three-phase alternating current power supply;
when the rectifying circuit unit (1) is connected with a single-phase alternating-current power supply, the rectifying circuit unit (1) is a bridge rectifying circuit formed by packaging two groups of first diodes (11) and second diodes (12) which are correspondingly connected into a whole, the anode of each first diode (11) in each group is connected with the cathode of each second diode (12), and the connecting part of each first diode (11) and each second diode (12) in each group leads out an input end which can be connected with the single-phase alternating-current power supply.
8. A capacitor pre-charging arrangement according to claim 6, characterized in that the DC voltage smoothing circuit unit (3) comprises a first capacitor (31), a second capacitor (32), a third capacitor (33) and a fourth capacitor (34), the first capacitor (31) and the third capacitor (33) being connected in a first branch, the second capacitor (32) and the fourth capacitor being connected in a second branch, and a line connecting the first capacitor (31) and the third capacitor (33) being electrically connected to a line connecting the second capacitor (32) and the fourth capacitor (34).
9. A capacitor pre-charging arrangement according to claim 8, wherein the first capacitor (31), the second capacitor (32), the third capacitor (33) and the fourth capacitor (34) are electrolytic capacitors.
10. The capacitive pre-charging apparatus according to claim 6, wherein wiring can be made inside or outside the circuit board between the rectifier circuit unit (1), the pre-charging circuit unit (2) and the direct voltage smoothing circuit unit (3); both ends of the DC voltage smoothing circuit unit (3) can output DC voltage.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021478441.XU CN212627672U (en) | 2020-07-24 | 2020-07-24 | Capacitor pre-charging device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202021478441.XU CN212627672U (en) | 2020-07-24 | 2020-07-24 | Capacitor pre-charging device |
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| CN212627672U true CN212627672U (en) | 2021-02-26 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113489298A (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2021-10-08 | 青岛鼎信通讯股份有限公司 | Pre-charging circuit applied to alternating current-direct current bidirectional inverter power supply module |
-
2020
- 2020-07-24 CN CN202021478441.XU patent/CN212627672U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113489298A (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2021-10-08 | 青岛鼎信通讯股份有限公司 | Pre-charging circuit applied to alternating current-direct current bidirectional inverter power supply module |
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