CN212447411U

CN212447411U - Automobile anti-collision beam

Info

Publication number: CN212447411U
Application number: CN202021124116.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 侯玉波; 张勇; 黄永聪; 李吉祥
Original assignee: Huaqiao University
Current assignee: Huaqiao University
Priority date: 2020-06-17
Filing date: 2020-06-17
Publication date: 2021-02-02
Anticipated expiration: 2030-06-17

Abstract

The utility model discloses an automobile anti-collision beam, it includes support frame, an at least energy storage buffering box and an at least level self-similar energy-absorbing box, and wherein the energy storage buffering box adopts piston and elastic component complex structure, and the elastic component can effectively store impact energy, reduces passenger's harm in the car, and the safety of pedestrian outside the protection car. Under the low-speed condition, the elastic part can effectively protect the safety of passengers as an energy storage element to store certain collision energy, so that the collision process is compared with the conventional automobile anti-collision beam, the energy absorption box is directly stressed and deformed, and the energy absorption process becomes more gentle. Meanwhile, when the vehicle collides with the vehicle at a high speed, the hollow structure of the piston enables the elastic element to be impacted by load, so that subsequent metal plastic deformation can be generated to absorb impact energy after the compression amount reaches the maximum value, and the safety of the passenger compartment is improved. The level self-similar energy absorption box increases the energy absorption effect of the anti-collision beam.

Description

Automobile anti-collision beam

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an automobile anti-collision beam.

Background

With the increasing of the automobile holding amount, under the conditions that the social facility construction development speed lags behind the automobile development speed, the driving behaviors of people are not standard and the like, the number of traffic accidents is increased, and the condition is more obvious in the urban congestion road section. In a crossroad or a gathering area with large pedestrian flow in a city, because too many pedestrians easily cause traffic accidents of collision between pedestrians and automobiles, the traditional automobiles usually aim at the traffic accidents between automobiles, and the situation of collision between pedestrians and automobiles is ignored. The main body part of the existing automobile anti-collision beam is a rigid structure which has little protection capability for pedestrians, so that traffic accidents with the pedestrians are likely to cause injuries even under the condition of very low speed. Meanwhile, the anti-collision beam is an important device for reducing the impact energy absorbed when a vehicle is collided, is an important part of the vehicle, and has certain strength and rigidity and certain deformation energy absorption capacity, so that the vehicle has buffer capacity when being collided, people and the vehicle are less damaged, and the anti-collision beam plays a role in protection. Therefore, the strength, the rigidity and the energy absorption performance of the anti-collision beam directly influence the safety of the automobile. However, the existing anti-collision beam neglects the protection of pedestrians and has poor energy absorption efficiency, and the impact energy caused by collision cannot be effectively absorbed after the collision, so that the automobile cannot play a role in protecting pedestrians under the condition of low speed, and cannot play a good role in protecting passengers under the condition of higher speed.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model provides an automobile anti-collision beam, it has overcome the not enough that the background art exists. The utility model provides a technical scheme that its technical problem adopted is:

the utility model provides an automobile anti-collision beam, its installation that is applicable to automobile body, it includes support frame, at least one energy storage buffer box and at least one level self-similar energy-absorbing box, wherein:

the energy storage buffer box comprises a hollow piston and an elastic part, the automobile body is provided with a buffer cavity, one end of the piston is connected with the support frame, the other end of the piston extends into the buffer cavity and is connected with one end of the elastic part, the elastic part is positioned in the buffer cavity, and the other end of the elastic part is connected with the wall of the buffer cavity;

the two ends of the level self-similar energy absorption box are respectively connected with the automobile body and the supporting frame, the level self-similar energy absorption box comprises a first shell layer, a second shell layer and a third shell layer, the first shell layer, the second shell layer and the third shell layer are identical in shape and extend axially, the second shell layer is fixedly sleeved in the first shell layer, and the third shell layer is fixedly sleeved in the second shell layer.

In a preferred embodiment: the cross sections of the first shell layer, the second shell layer and the third shell layer are regular hexagons, the number of the second shell layers is six, the second shell layers are respectively fixed at six corner edges of the first shell layer, and two adjacent second shell layers are in line contact; six third shell layers are arranged in each second shell layer, are respectively fixed at six corner edges of the second shell layer, and are in line contact with each other.

In a preferred embodiment: the first shell layer is made of aluminum alloy, the second shell layer is made of polyurethane foam, and the third shell layer is made of carbon fiber.

In a preferred embodiment: the supporting frame comprises an arc-shaped surface at the outer side, a trapezoidal surface at the inner side, an arch beam in the middle and a sandwich layer, wherein the arc-shaped surface and the trapezoidal surface are connected to form a shell of the supporting frame; the piston and the level self-similarity energy absorption box are connected with the trapezoidal surface.

In a preferred embodiment: the sandwich layer comprises a low-density foam aluminum layer and a high-density foam aluminum layer, the low-density foam aluminum layer is filled between the arc-shaped surface and the arched beam, and the high-density foam aluminum layer is filled between the arched beam and the trapezoidal surface.

In a preferred embodiment: the arc-shaped surface, the trapezoidal surface and the arched beam are all made of double-layer materials formed by compounding an aluminum alloy plate and a carbon fiber plate.

In a preferred embodiment: the energy storage buffer boxes are provided with two energy storage buffer boxes which are arranged at intervals and are connected with the straight surface of the trapezoidal surface; the two hierarchical self-similar energy absorption boxes are respectively positioned at two sides of the two energy storage buffer boxes and are respectively connected with the two inclined planes of the trapezoidal surface.

Compared with the background technology, the technical scheme has the following advantages:

1. the energy storage buffer box adopts a structure that the piston is matched with the elastic piece, and the elastic piece can effectively store impact energy, reduce the damage to passengers in the vehicle and protect the safety of the passengers outside the vehicle. Under the low-speed condition, when pedestrian and car accident, the impact energy that the collision produced transmits the piston by crashproof roof beam, and the piston passes to the elastic component again, and the elastic component stores certain collision energy as energy storage component can effectual protection passenger's safety, if the collision finishes this moment, then this energy storage buffer box can slowly release absorptive energy for the collision process is compared in traditional car crashproof roof beam and is directly made the energy-absorbing box atress warp, this energy-absorbing process becomes more gentle. Meanwhile, when the vehicle collides with the vehicle at a high speed, the hollow structure of the piston enables the elastic element to be impacted by load, so that subsequent metal plastic deformation can be generated to absorb impact energy after the compression amount reaches the maximum value, and the safety of the passenger compartment is improved. The energy absorption effect of the anti-collision beam is increased by the hierarchical self-similar energy absorption box, when the compression amount of the elastic piece reaches the maximum value, energy is transmitted to the energy absorption box and the energy storage buffer box by the anti-collision beam, and the energy storage buffer box at the moment is not an energy storage unit because the displacement of the elastic piece reaches the maximum value, so that the energy storage buffer box can be used as a bimetal energy absorption box, the collision energy can be effectively reduced, the safety of pedestrians outside a vehicle can be protected when the pedestrians collide with the vehicle under the low-speed condition, and the safety of passengers inside the vehicle can be protected when the vehicles collide with the vehicle under the high-speed condition, so that the hierarchical self.

2. The cross section of first shell, second shell and third shell three all adopts regular hexagon, promptly, adopts honeycomb structure, has increased the energy-absorbing effect of anticollision roof beam.

3. The first shell layer is made of an aluminum alloy material, the second shell layer is made of a polyurethane foam material, the third shell layer is made of a carbon fiber material, and the hierarchical self-similar energy absorption box is made of a mixed material, so that the lightweight and the good and bad characteristics of different materials on deformation and energy absorption are facilitated; the carbon fiber material can better absorb collision energy during collision, but the structure is unstable in the collision process, the collision energy absorption efficiency of the aluminum alloy material is not as good as that of the carbon fiber, and the aluminum alloy material has good stability in the deformation process.

4. The support frame comprises an arc-shaped surface on the outer side, a trapezoidal surface on the inner side, an arched beam in the middle and a sandwich layer, and the support frame has a certain radian in the length direction, so that the rigidity is improved, and the overall impact resistance of the anti-collision beam is improved.

5. The foamed aluminum material has the advantages of light weight, good energy absorption property and the like, and can enable the support frame to exert higher crashworthiness; the low-density foamed aluminum layer is filled between the arc-shaped surface and the arched beam, and the high-density foamed aluminum layer is filled between the arched beam and the trapezoidal surface, so that the overall relative density at the outer side of the anti-collision beam is lower, the anti-collision beam firstly impacts one side with the low-density side in the automobile collision process, the low-density foamed aluminum is stressed and extruded to cause the density to be increased, and then the collision energy is transmitted to the high-density foamed aluminum layer at the inner side, so that a deformation gradient is generated in the collision process, and the impact force is favorably buffered.

6. The arc-shaped surface, the trapezoidal surface and the arched beam are all made of double-layer materials formed by compounding an aluminum alloy plate and a carbon fiber plate inside and outside, the aluminum alloy is high in strength and good in plasticity, the aluminum alloy has good pressure resistance but insufficient tensile resistance, the carbon fiber is high in strength and good in tensile resistance, and the two are combined to be complementary in advantages, so that the supporting frame has enough structural strength. In addition, the support frame forms a sandwich structure, well inherits the excellent performance of the foamed aluminum, has very high bending strength and is beneficial to improving the rigidity of the anti-collision beam.

7. The two hierarchical self-similar energy absorption boxes are respectively positioned at two sides of the two energy storage buffer boxes and are respectively connected with the two inclined planes of the trapezoidal surface, so that the buffering and energy absorption performances of the anti-collision beam can be further improved.

Drawings

The present invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings and examples.

Fig. 1 is a general schematic view of an automobile impact beam according to a preferred embodiment.

Fig. 2 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the support stand.

Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the energy storage buffer box.

FIG. 4 depicts a cross-sectional schematic view of a hierarchical self-similar crash box.

Detailed Description

In the claims, the specification and the drawings, unless otherwise expressly limited, the terms "first," "second," or "third," etc. are used for distinguishing between different elements and not for describing a particular sequence.

In the claims, the specification and the drawings, unless otherwise expressly limited, to the extent that directional terms such as "center", "lateral", "longitudinal", "horizontal", "vertical", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like are used, the positional or orientational relationships illustrated in the drawings are based on the positional and orientational relationships illustrated in the drawings and are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation or be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention in any way.

In the claims, the description and the drawings of the present application, unless otherwise expressly limited, the terms "fixedly connected" and "fixedly connected" should be understood in a broad sense, i.e., any connection without displacement relationship or relative rotation relationship between the two, i.e., including non-detachable fixed connection, integrated connection and fixed connection by other devices or elements.

In the claims, the specification and drawings of the present invention, the terms "including", "having" and their variants, if used, are intended to be inclusive and not limiting.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a preferred embodiment of the automobile anti-collision beam, which is suitable for mounting an automobile body, includes a support frame 1, at least one energy storage buffer box 2, and at least one level of self-similar energy absorption boxes 3.

The supporting frame 1 comprises an outer arc-shaped surface 11, an inner trapezoidal surface, a middle arched beam 12 and a sandwich layer, wherein the arc-shaped surface 11 and the trapezoidal surface are connected to form a shell of the supporting frame 1 in a surrounding mode, two ends of the arched beam 12 are connected with the inner side of the trapezoidal surface, and the sandwich layer is filled between the trapezoidal surface and the arched beam 12 and between the arched beam 12 and the arc-shaped surface. As shown in fig. 2, the trapezoidal face includes only a straight face 13 of the short side and inclined faces 14 on both sides; and the round design is adopted between the inclined surface 14 and the arc-shaped surface 11 and between the inclined surface 14 and the flat surface 13.

In this embodiment, the sandwich layer includes a low-density foamed aluminum layer 15 and a high-density foamed aluminum layer 16, the low-density foamed aluminum layer 15 is filled between the arc-shaped surface 11 and the arched beam 12, and the high-density foamed aluminum layer 16 is filled between the arched beam 12 and the trapezoidal surface. The foamed aluminum material has the advantages of light weight, good energy absorption property and the like, and can enable the support frame to exert higher crashworthiness; the low-density foamed aluminum layer 15 is filled between the arc-shaped surface 11 and the arched beam 12, and the high-density foamed aluminum layer 16 is filled between the arched beam 12 and the trapezoidal surface, so that the overall relative density at the outer side of the anti-collision beam is lower, the anti-collision beam firstly impacts with one side with low density in the collision process of an automobile, the low-density foamed aluminum is stressed and extruded to cause the density to be increased, and then the collision energy is transmitted to the high-density foamed aluminum layer at the inner side, so that a deformation gradient is generated in the collision process, and the collision force is favorably buffered.

In this embodiment, the arc surface 11, the trapezoidal surface, and the arched beam 12 are all made of a double-layer material composed of an aluminum alloy plate and a carbon fiber plate. The aluminum alloy has higher strength, good plasticity, good pressure resistance but insufficient tensile strength, and the carbon fiber has high strength and good tensile strength, and the combination of the two can just complement each other in advantages, so that the support frame has enough structural strength. In addition, the support frame forms a sandwich structure, well inherits the excellent performance of the foamed aluminum, has very high bending strength and is beneficial to improving the rigidity of the anti-collision beam.

Energy storage buffer box 2 includes hollow piston 21 and elastic component 22, automobile body is provided with the cushion chamber, piston 21 one end is connected with support frame 1, and the other end stretches into the cushion chamber and links to each other with elastic component 22 one end, and elastic component 22 is located the cushion chamber and its other end links to each other with the cushion chamber wall. The energy storage buffer box 2 adopts a structure that the piston 21 is matched with the elastic piece 22, and the elastic piece 22 can effectively store impact energy, so that the damage to passengers in the vehicle is reduced, and the safety of the passengers outside the vehicle is protected. Under the low-speed condition, when pedestrian and car accident, the impact energy that the collision produced transmits piston 21 by crashproof roof beam, piston 21 passes elastic component 22 again, elastic component 22 stores certain collision energy as energy storage component can effectual protection passenger's safety, if the collision finishes this moment, then this energy storage buffer box 2 can slowly release absorptive energy for the collision process compares and directly makes the energy-absorbing box atress warp in traditional car crashproof roof beam, this energy-absorbing process becomes more gentle. Meanwhile, when the vehicle collides with the vehicle at a high speed, the hollow structure of the piston 21 enables the elastic part 22 to be impacted by load, so that the subsequent metal plastic deformation can be generated after the compression amount reaches the maximum value to absorb the impact energy, and the safety of the passenger compartment is improved.

As shown in fig. 3, a cavity shell 23 with an opening at the top end is fixedly arranged in the buffer cavity, a convex foot 24 is arranged at the bottom end of the piston 21, and the convex foot 24 extends into the cavity shell 23 and can abut against the edge of the opening at the top end of the cavity shell 23 to prevent the piston 21 from being removed; the elastic part 22 is a pressure spring, the pressure spring is located in the cavity shell 23, and two ends of the pressure spring are connected with the cavity shell 23 and the piston 21 in a welding mode. The top end of the piston 21 is connected with the flat surface of the trapezoidal surface by welding.

In this embodiment, the energy storage buffer box 2 is provided with two and interval arrangement and is connected with the straight face of trapezoidal face. According to the requirement, the energy storage buffer box 2 can also be provided with three or four different energy storage buffer boxes, but not limited to this.

The two ends of the hierarchical self-similar energy absorption box 3 are respectively connected with an automobile body and the support frame 1, the hierarchical self-similar energy absorption box comprises a first shell layer 31, a second shell layer 32 and a third shell layer 33 which are the same in shape and extend axially, the second shell layer 32 is fixedly sleeved in the first shell layer 31, and the third shell layer 33 is fixedly sleeved in the second shell layer 32. The hierarchical self-similar energy absorption box adopts a structure that three layers of shell layers are sleeved layer by layer, so that the strength of the hierarchical self-similar energy absorption box can be enhanced.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the cross sections of the first shell layer 31, the second shell layer 32 and the third shell layer 33 all adopt regular hexagons, six second shell layers 32 are respectively fixed at six corner edges of the first shell layer 31, and two adjacent second shell layers 32 are in line contact with each other; six third shell layers 33 are arranged in each second shell layer 32, the six third shell layers 33 are respectively fixed at six corner edges of the second shell layer 32, and two adjacent third shell layers 33 are in line contact. Namely, the hierarchical self-similar energy absorption box 3 adopts a honeycomb structure, so that the energy absorption effect of the anti-collision beam is improved. That is, the volumes of the first shell 31, the second shell 32, and the third shell 33 are sequentially reduced, and the three shells are hollow and long. Or, the first shell 31, the second shell 32 and the third shell 33 may also be designed to be square, the second shells 32 are provided with four shells and fixed at four corner edges of the first shell 31 respectively, two adjacent second shells 32 are in surface contact with each other, four third shells 33 are provided in each second shell 32, the four third shells 33 are fixed at four corner edges of the second shell 32 respectively, and two adjacent third shells 33 are also in surface contact with each other. Therefore, the structure of the hierarchical self-similar crash boxes 3 is not limited to this, and other shapes can be substituted, wherein a regular hexagonal honeycomb structure is the best.

In this embodiment, the first shell 31 is made of an aluminum alloy, the second shell 32 is made of a polyurethane foam, and the third shell 33 is made of a carbon fiber. The hierarchical self-similar energy absorption box 3 is made of mixed materials, so that the lightweight and the good and bad characteristics of different materials on deformation and energy absorption are facilitated; the carbon fiber material can better absorb collision energy during collision, but the structure is unstable in the collision process, the collision energy absorption efficiency of the aluminum alloy material is not as good as that of the carbon fiber, and the aluminum alloy material has good stability in the deformation process.

In this embodiment, the two hierarchical self-similar energy absorption boxes 3 are respectively located at two sides of the two energy storage buffer boxes 2 and respectively connected to the two inclined planes 14 of the trapezoidal surface. The number of the self-similar crash boxes 3 in the hierarchy can be three, four, five, six, or other different values, as required, but not limited thereto.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and therefore the scope of the present invention should not be limited by this description, and all equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope and the specification of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an automobile anti-collision beam, its installation that is applicable to automobile body which characterized in that: it includes support frame, an at least energy storage buffer box and an at least level self-similar energy-absorbing box, wherein:

2. The automotive impact beam of claim 1, wherein: the cross sections of the first shell layer, the second shell layer and the third shell layer are regular hexagons, the number of the second shell layers is six, the second shell layers are respectively fixed at six corner edges of the first shell layer, and two adjacent second shell layers are in line contact; six third shell layers are arranged in each second shell layer, are respectively fixed at six corner edges of the second shell layer, and are in line contact with each other.

3. The automotive impact beam of claim 2, wherein: the first shell layer is made of aluminum alloy, the second shell layer is made of polyurethane foam, and the third shell layer is made of carbon fiber.

4. The automotive impact beam of claim 1, wherein: the supporting frame comprises an arc-shaped surface at the outer side, a trapezoidal surface at the inner side, an arch beam in the middle and a sandwich layer, wherein the arc-shaped surface and the trapezoidal surface are connected to form a shell of the supporting frame; the piston and the level self-similarity energy absorption box are connected with the trapezoidal surface.

5. The automotive impact beam of claim 4, wherein: the sandwich layer comprises a low-density foam aluminum layer and a high-density foam aluminum layer, the low-density foam aluminum layer is filled between the arc-shaped surface and the arched beam, and the high-density foam aluminum layer is filled between the arched beam and the trapezoidal surface.

6. The automotive impact beam of claim 4, wherein: the arc-shaped surface, the trapezoidal surface and the arched beam are all made of double-layer materials formed by compounding an aluminum alloy plate and a carbon fiber plate.

7. The automotive impact beam of claim 4, wherein: the energy storage buffer boxes are provided with two energy storage buffer boxes which are arranged at intervals and are connected with the straight surface of the trapezoidal surface; the two hierarchical self-similar energy absorption boxes are respectively positioned at two sides of the two energy storage buffer boxes and are respectively connected with the two inclined planes of the trapezoidal surface.