The utility model content
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is: overcome the existing limited defect of triboelectricity machine output performance, a kind of triboelectricity machine is provided, power output obviously improves.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the utility model provides a kind of triboelectricity machine, comprise: the first basalis, the first electrode layer, the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier, friction electrode layer, the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier, the second electrode lay, the second basalis and a plurality of elastomeric element
Described the first basalis, the first electrode layer and the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier are cascading; Described the second basalis, the second electrode lay and the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier are cascading; Described the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier and the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier are oppositely arranged, described friction electrode layer is placed between the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier and the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier, the movable property of one end connection the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier, the movable property of other end connection the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier;
There are the not stacked exposed region that electrode layer is set in described the first basalis and the second basalis, and each elastomeric element one end connects the exposed region of the first basalis, and the other end connects the exposed region of the second basalis;
The first electrode layer, the second electrode lay and friction electrode layer are voltage or the electric current output electrode of triboelectricity machine.
Aforesaid triboelectricity machine, wherein, on at least one surface of the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier and friction electrode layer apparent surface, be provided with the micro-nano concaveconvex structure, and be provided with the micro-nano concaveconvex structure at least one surface of the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier and friction electrode layer apparent surface;
The micro-nano concaveconvex structure that arranges on described the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier and the second high molecular polymer surface of insulating layer is the nano concavo-convex structure of height of projection 50nm-300nm; The micro-nano concaveconvex structure that arranges on described friction electrode layer surface is the micro-nano concaveconvex structure of height of projection 300nm-1 μ m.
Aforesaid triboelectricity machine, wherein, described the first basalis and the second basalis are acrylic substrate, substrate of glass, the stainless steel-based end or ceramic bases.
Aforesaid triboelectricity machine, wherein, described friction electrode layer is metal level or alloy-layer.
Aforesaid triboelectricity machine, wherein, described a plurality of elastomeric elements are four springs, are arranged at respectively the exposed region of the first basalis and the second basalis.
Aforesaid triboelectricity machine, wherein, be provided with lead in described spring.
Aforesaid triboelectricity machine, wherein, described triboelectricity machine comprises two monomer triboelectricity machines.
Aforesaid triboelectricity machine, wherein, described friction electrode layer is the common electrode of two monomer triboelectricity machines.
The utility model is the composite bed generator that comprises two monomer electric generator structures, and two monomer generators share a friction electrode layer.The friction electrode layer that the utility model shares, both as electric layer, as the electrode of triboelectricity machine, has effectively been saved material again.The utility model triboelectricity machine performance is significantly increased.
Embodiment
For fully understanding purpose, feature and the effect of the utility model, by following concrete execution mode, the utility model is elaborated.
The utility model is a kind of triboelectricity machine and preparation method thereof.The utility model is the composite bed generator that comprises two monomer electric generator structures, and two monomer generators share a friction electrode layer.The friction electrode layer that the utility model shares is both as frictional layer, again as the electrode of triboelectricity machine.
Shown in Fig. 1 and 2, be the perspective view of the utility model triboelectricity machine, shown in Figure 3 is the front view of the utility model triboelectricity machine.Below in conjunction with Fig. 1-Fig. 3, describe the structure of the utility model triboelectricity machine in detail.
This triboelectricity machine comprises: the first basalis 1, the first electrode layer 2, the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier 3, friction electrode layer 4, the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier 5, the second electrode lay 6, the second basalises 7 and a plurality of elastomeric element 8.
The first basalis 1, the first electrode layer 2 and the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier 3 are cascading.The second basalis 7, the second electrode lay 6 and the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier 5 also are cascading.There are the not stacked exposed region that electrode layer is set in the first basalis 1 and the second basalis 7.
The first basalis 1 and the second basalis 7 can be selected from a kind of in acrylic substrate, substrate of glass, the stainless steel-based end, ceramic bases or macromolecule polymer material substrate, or other has the substrate of mechanics rigidity.
When adopting the stainless steel-based end, due to the conductivity of stainless steel material, need to be by electrode layer and basalis insulation isolation, the device that causes with the embedding of avoiding metal spring passes through the positive and negative short circuit of external circuit.
Usually the material layer that has conductivity all can be used as the first electrode layer 2 and the second electrode lay 6, for example be coated with PETG (PET) layer of indium tin metal oxide, have metal or alloy layer, Graphene coating, nano silver wire coating or other nesa coatings such as aluminium doped zinc oxide (AZO), the fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) etc. of electrical conductivity.Preferred metal can be Au Ag Pt Pd, aluminium, nickel, copper, titanium, chromium, tin, iron, manganese, molybdenum, tungsten or vanadium; Preferred alloy can be aluminium alloy, titanium alloy, magnesium alloy, beryllium alloy, copper alloy, kirsite, manganese alloy, nickel alloy, lead alloy, ashbury metal, cadmium alloy, bismuth alloy, indium alloy, gallium alloy, tungsten alloy, molybdenum alloy, niobium alloy or tantalum alloy.
the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier 3 and the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier 5 can be selected from dimethyl silicone polymer, polyimide film, the aniline-formaldehyde resin film, the polyformaldehyde film, ethyl cellulose film, polyamide film, the melamino-formaldehyde film, polyethylene glycol succinate film, cellophane, cellulose acetate film, the polyethylene glycol adipate film, the polydiallyl phthalate film, fiber (regeneration) sponge film, the elastic polyurethane body thin film, the styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer copolymer film, the styrene-butadiene-copolymer film, the staple fibre film, the polyacrylate polymers film, polyvinyl alcohol film, the polyisobutene film, pet film, polyvinyl butyral film, formaldehyde phenol condensation polymer film, the neoprene film, the butadiene-propylene copolymer film, the natural rubber film, the polyacrylonitrile film, any one in acrylonitrile vinyl chloride copolymer film and polyethylene the third diphenol carbonate.Be preferably dimethyl silicone polymer (PDMS) layer.Dimethyl silicone polymer (PDMS) layer can solidify and obtains.Concrete, by dimethyl silicone polymer be dissolved in organic solvent after curing agent mixes, stir, be made into slurry, then this slurry is coated on the first electrode layer 2 and the second electrode lay 6 by spin-coating method (drip to be coated with, to dip, the coating method such as blade coating), 60-120 ℃ solidifies, and forms the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier 3 and the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier 5.The organic solvent that uses can be n-hexane, cyclohexane, toluene, dimethylbenzene, ethyl acetate or butyl acetate.The curing agent that uses is vulcanizing agent, for example commercial DOW CORNING 184.
The first high molecular polymer insulating barrier 3 and the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier 5 are oppositely arranged, and friction electrode layer 4 is placed between the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier 3 and the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier 5.Concrete, friction electrode layer 4 tilts to be placed between the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier 3 and the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier 5 at a certain angle, the movable property of one end connection the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier 3, the movable property of the other end arranges the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier 5, makes the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier 3, friction electrode layer 4 and the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier 5 form " Z " font.
" connection of movable property " described in the utility model comprise and rotate and slide, and after wherein rotating and referring to the friction electrode layer and the high molecular polymer insulating barrier is connected, the relative high molecular polymer insulating barrier of electrode layer that rubs is movable; Slip refers to that high molecular polymer insulating barrier periphery is provided with block or sliding tray, make the friction electrode layer can be arranged in the high molecular polymer insulating barrier, and the high molecular polymer insulating barrier is slidably relatively." setting of movable property " comprises the connection of movable property and freely places, freely place an end that refers to the friction electrode layer and freely be placed on the high molecular polymer insulating barrier, and can on the high molecular polymer insulating barrier, slide; The other end is that movable property is connected on the high molecular polymer insulating barrier.
When pressing the first basalis 1 and/or the second basalis 7,4 rotations of friction electrode layer, until it is parallel with the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier 5 with the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier 3, thereby between the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier 3 and friction electrode layer 4, and form rubbing surface between the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier 5 and friction electrode layer 4.Friction electrode layer material therefor is the metal or alloy layer, and metal can be Au Ag Pt Pd, aluminium, nickel, copper, titanium, chromium, tin, iron, manganese, molybdenum, tungsten or vanadium; Preferred alloy can be aluminium alloy, titanium alloy, magnesium alloy, beryllium alloy, copper alloy, kirsite, manganese alloy, nickel alloy, lead alloy, ashbury metal, cadmium alloy, bismuth alloy, indium alloy, gallium alloy, tungsten alloy, molybdenum alloy, niobium alloy or tantalum alloy, preferred aluminium.
On at least one surface of the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier and friction electrode layer apparent surface, be provided with the micro-nano concaveconvex structure, and be provided with the micro-nano concaveconvex structure at least one surface of the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier and friction electrode layer apparent surface; The micro-nano concaveconvex structure that arranges on described the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier and the second high molecular polymer surface of insulating layer is the nano concavo-convex structure of height of projection 50nm-300nm; The micro-nano concaveconvex structure that arranges on described friction electrode layer surface is the micro-nano concaveconvex structure of height of projection 300nm-1 μ m.
This triboelectricity machine is provided with elastomeric element 8 at the exposed region of the first basalis 1 and the second basalis 7.One end of each elastomeric element 8 connects the exposed region of the first basalis 1, and the other end connects the exposed region of the second basalis 7.During elastomeric element 8 natural mode, friction electrode layer 4 favours between the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier 3 and the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier 5 at a certain angle, makes the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier 3, friction electrode layer 4 and the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier 5 form " Z " font.During elastomeric element 8 squeezed state, friction electrode layer 4 is parallel with the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier 5 with the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier 3, thereby between the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier 3 and friction electrode layer 4, and form frictional interface between the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier 5 and friction electrode layer 4.The height of elastomeric element 8 when squeezed state preferably equals the height sum of the first electrode layer 2, the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier 3, friction electrode layer 4, the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier 5 and the second electrode lay 6, so that elastomeric element 8 produces maximum kinetic energy.
A plurality of elastomeric element of the present utility model is for more than at least 3, and for example 4,5,6 etc., according to the size of triboelectricity machine, be easy to select the suitable number of elastomeric element.A plurality of elastomeric elements of the utility model, for being preferably four springs, are arranged at respectively the place, end angle of the first basalis and the second basalis.Described spring adopts metal material, alloy material or other flexible plastic material to make.As shown in Figure 4, preferred, in each spring, be provided with lead 81, to play guide effect.
The utility model triboelectricity machine is equivalent to comprise two monomer triboelectricity machines, and friction electrode layer 4 is the common electrode of two monomer triboelectricity machines.When each layer of triboelectricity machine is bent downwardly, elastomeric element 8 compressions, electrode layer 4 rotations simultaneously rub, until it is parallel with the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier 5 with the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier 3, thereby between the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier 3 and friction electrode layer 4, and form rubbing surface between the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier 5 and friction electrode layer 4.The mutual friction of rubbing surface phase produces electrostatic charge, the generation of electrostatic charge can make the first electrode layer 2, with friction electrode layer 4 between and the electric capacity that rubs between electrode layer 4 and the second electrode lay 6 change, thereby cause between electrode occurring electrical potential difference.Due to the existence of electrical potential difference between electrode, free electron will be by external circuit by the low effluent of electromotive force to the high side of electromotive force, thereby in external circuit, form electric current.
When the utility model triboelectricity machine uses as two monomer triboelectricity machines, the first electrode layer 2 and the second electrode lay 6 are respectively voltage or the electric current output electrodes of two monomer triboelectricity machines, friction electrode layer 4, as common electrode, is another voltage or the electric current output electrode of monomer triboelectricity machine.
The utility model triboelectricity machine can also use two monomer triboelectricity machine series connection, namely the first electrode layer 2 and the second electrode lay 6 link together as voltage or the electric current output electrode of triboelectricity machine, and friction electrode layer 4 is as another voltage or electric current output electrode.
Below describe a kind of preparation method of the utility model triboelectricity machine in detail.
1) on a side surface of the first basalis 1 and the second basalis 7, the first electrode layer 2 and the second electrode lay 6 are set respectively.For example, PETG (PET) adhesion that is coated with indium tin metal oxide is fixed on cleaned in advance on the first basalis 1 and the second basalis 7.The first basalis 1 and the second basalis 7 leave the exposed region that electrode layer is not set.
2) by spin-coating method (drip to be coated with, to dip, the coating method such as blade coating), high molecular polymer (for example dimethyl silicone polymer) slurry is coated on the first electrode layer 2 and the second electrode lay 6 and solidifies, formation the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier 3 and the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier 5.Obtain the duplexer of first basalis 1-first electrode layer 2-the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier 3 this moment, and the duplexer of second basalis 7-the second electrode lay 6-the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier 5.
Perhaps, polymer pulp is coated on to the silicon template surface with micro-nano concaveconvex structure, vacuum degassing, mixture silicon chip surface is unnecessary with the mode of rotary coating removes, and forms the polymeric liquid film of thin layer.Whole template is solidified, then peel off, obtain having uniformly the polymer film of micro-nano concaveconvex structure, preferably this micro-nano concaveconvex structure nano concavo-convex structure that is height of projection 50nm-300nm.Then according to the mode facing to basalis of polymer film with the micro-nano concaveconvex structure, by polymer film and the stacked setting of basalis, obtain the duplexer of first basalis 1-first electrode layer 2-the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier 3, and the duplexer of second basalis 7-the second electrode lay 6-the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier 5.
3) by step 2) two duplexers obtaining are oppositely arranged according to the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier 3 and the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier 5, the movable property of one end of friction electrode layer 4 is connected on the first high molecular polymer insulating barrier 3, and the movable property of the other end is connected on the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier 5.The first side surface and/or second side surface of friction electrode layer 4 preferably are provided with the micro-nano concaveconvex structure, more preferably the micro-nano concaveconvex structure of height of projection 300nm-1 μ m.
4) at the exposed region of the first basalis 1 and the second basalis 7, to between the first basalis 1 and the second basalis 7, with elastomeric element (preferred spring), connect, make the first basalis 1 can move up and down, with certain speed, freely separate with the second basalis 7, thereby obtain triboelectricity machine of the present utility model.
In an embodiment, obtained according to the method described above being of a size of the triboelectricity machine of 6cm * 6cm.Wherein, the first basalis 1 and the second basalis 7 are the acrylic substrate, and thickness is 2.7mm.The first electrode layer 2 and the second electrode lay 6 are for being coated with PETG (PET) layer of indium tin metal oxide, and thickness is 0.15mm.The first high molecular polymer insulating barrier 3 and the second high molecular polymer insulating barrier 5 are dimethyl silicone polymer (PDMS) layer.Friction electrode layer 4 is aluminium lamination, and thickness is 0.45mm, and two surface is provided with the micro-nano concaveconvex structure of height of projection 500nm.Elastomeric element 8 is four springs, is arranged on the place, four end angles of the first basalis 1 and the second basalis 7, and the natural mode length of spring is 17mm, and squeezed state length is 4.6mm.The stepping motor of life cycle vibration (0.33Hz and 0.13% deformation) makes the crooked of triboelectricity machine generating period and discharges, and the maximum output voltage of triboelectricity machine and current signal have reached respectively 99V(and used the universal instrument test) and 220 μ A.
Such scheme comprises first-selected embodiment and while putting on record during the optimal mode of this utility model known to the utility model people, above-described embodiment only provides as illustrative example.To many alienation of the specific embodiment of exposure in this explanation, do not depart from the spirit and scope of this utility model, will be easily to differentiate.Therefore, the scope of this utility model will be determined by appended claim, and the special embodiment that describes above being not limited to.