CN117436306A - Topology optimization design method of high impact resistance bionic structure - Google Patents
Topology optimization design method of high impact resistance bionic structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN117436306A CN117436306A CN202311404721.4A CN202311404721A CN117436306A CN 117436306 A CN117436306 A CN 117436306A CN 202311404721 A CN202311404721 A CN 202311404721A CN 117436306 A CN117436306 A CN 117436306A
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- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
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- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
- G06F30/23—Design optimisation, verification or simulation using finite element methods [FEM] or finite difference methods [FDM]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2119/00—Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
- G06F2119/02—Reliability analysis or reliability optimisation; Failure analysis, e.g. worst case scenario performance, failure mode and effects analysis [FMEA]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2119/00—Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
- G06F2119/18—Manufacturability analysis or optimisation for manufacturability
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of impact resistant structures and manufacturing thereof, and discloses a topology optimization design method of a high impact resistance bionic structure, which comprises the following process steps: the topology optimization module in the application software is provided with material properties, elastic modulus and volume fraction, and then model reconstruction is carried out on the three-dimensional drawing software according to the density cloud image obtained by module analysis; step two: designing three-dimensional models of microstructure unit bodies under different volume fractions to obtain microstructure unit bodies (primary units) subjected to topological optimization; step three: linearly arranging the microstructure units to obtain a single-layer structure unit (a secondary unit); step four: linearly stacking the secondary units and twisting the secondary units at different angles to obtain a three-dimensional model of the bionic lightweight structural geometric body; step five: the bionic structure is simulated and optimally designed, and the simulation calculation is carried out on different structures by adopting methods such as finite element analysis and the like, and the impact resistance and the safety of the bionic structure are evaluated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of impact resistant structures and manufacturing thereof, in particular to a topology optimization design method of a high impact resistance bionic structure.
Background
Impact protection structures have found widespread use in everyday life, production and military operations, such asAutomobileBumper, data recorder shellBody armor, and the like. The impact-resistant protective structure can absorb energy, protect the mechanism body and reduce the damage of the mechanism body, and is one of key structural members of a plurality of mechanical devices and precise instruments.
Among the prior art, the protection architecture shocks resistance exists following not enough:
1. most of the parts used for the impact-resistant structure are solid materials, have limited impact resistance, and have the defects of heavy weight and high cost.
2. The impact-resistant protection structure is required to be custom designed according to factors such as actual use scenes and impact objects, so that the design difficulty is high, and more manpower and material resources are required to be input.
It has been found that Bouligand structures composed of twisted aligned nanofiber sheets are widely found in fish scales, bones and crustaceans exoskeleton. The Bouligand structure is characterized by the ability to absorb energy by rotating and repositioning ordered nanofibers under external load, typically in a highly curvilinear arrangement that helps absorb impact energy and disperse stresses, thus providing excellent mechanical properties, and researchers have also applied such structures to man-made materials and engineering designs to improve the mechanical properties and reliability of the materials.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a topological optimization design method of a high impact resistance bionic structure, which has high impact resistance while being high in light weight degree, and the preparation method is simple and can effectively reduce the production cost.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the topology optimization design method of the high impact resistance bionic structure comprises the following steps that basic structural units are formed by combining a plurality of topology optimization structures with the same shape and different arrangement directions, and the design of each structure complies with the result of topology software optimization, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
step one: the topology optimization process is simplified into an n multiplied by n square, and n is an integer greater than or equal to 1; seven vertex angles (n, n, n) of the cube are subjected to a centripetal concentrated load force, the last angle (0, 0) is a fixed end, and the elastic modulus and the poisson ratio of the solid material without pores and the volume fraction of the porous structure are input. Finally, model reconstruction is carried out on three-dimensional drawing software, and three-dimensional models of unit bodies with different volume fractions of 90%, 85%, 80%, 75% and 70% can be obtained;
step two: designing a two-dimensional model with volume fractions of 85%, 75% and 70% and a unit body optimized microstructure, constructing a three-dimensional model in computer model design software according to the two-dimensional model, and linearly arranging according to 4n multiplied by n layout to obtain a single-layer square topological optimized porous structure (primary unit);
step three: stacking the primary units in a linear arrangement according to a 4 multiplied by 4 layout to obtain a three-dimensional model (secondary unit) of a lightweight geometrical body;
step four: integrally twisting the first-level units of the first layer to the fourth layer of the second-level units relative to a central shaft, wherein the twisting angles are 15 degrees, 30 degrees and 45 degrees respectively, so as to obtain a three-dimensional model of a twisting geometrical body;
step five: importing the designed geometric three-dimensional model data into finite element software simulation, taking a ceramic material as a model, and performing drop hammer simulation on a rigid ball model with the diameter of 1cm, wherein the height is 5m, and the speed is V=10m/s;
step six: and step five, comparing the damage condition of the lightweight model obtained in the drop weight experiment with the damage condition of the original model under the same condition.
As still further aspects of the invention: in the third step, the first-level units of the second layer to the fourth layer are respectively twisted by 15 degrees, 30 degrees and 45 degrees relative to the whole first-level units of the first layer.
As still further aspects of the invention: such performance metrics include, but are not limited to, product strength, stiffness, stability, durability, weight, and the like.
As still further aspects of the invention: such means as material optimization and structural optimization include, but are not limited to, geometry adjustment, shell reinforcement design, support structure design, and hole layout optimization.
As still further aspects of the invention: the model after lightweight design obtains better damage performance, including reducing the splashing of fragments, reducing the energy absorption, reducing the crack growth, delaying the damage and the like.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the bionic impact-resistant protection structure of the invention has the designed bionic geometry which imitates the structure of a boulliand structure, realizes light weight, and simultaneously can disperse impact force into multiple angles, thereby further reducing impact stress concentration, and micro cracks generated by impact in the bionic geometry are conducted along twisting, can absorb a large amount of energy, plays a role of further buffering,
2. the lightweight bionic impact-resistant structure designed by the invention has the advantages that the distribution design of the internal micro-pore structure is realized, the weight is reduced, the toughness energy absorption effect in the axial direction is improved, more accumulated deformation energy can be released in the unloading process through the pores in the twisted distribution, and the impact resistance is greatly improved. Meanwhile, the light weight of the structure can be realized, and the purpose of saving materials is achieved.
3. The technical implementation of the present invention may be varied, including but not limited to geometry adjustment, shell reinforcement design, support structure design, and hole layout optimization. In addition, parameters, materials, and manufacturing process may be adjusted according to specific application requirements.
4. By imparting an appropriate twist angle to the lightweight structure, the rigidity and strength of the structure can be increased. This is particularly beneficial for structures that are required to withstand large loads or forces, and can improve their resistance to bending, compression, etc. And by proper twisting design, the use amount of materials can be reduced. By twisting the model, local thickening or reinforcement of the material can be realized, so that the overall weight is reduced on the premise of ensuring the structural strength, and the purpose of light weight is achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a two-dimensional model of microstructure elements retaining different degrees of 90%, 85%, 75%, 65% and 55% of volume fraction in step one of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional model of a single-layer square structure unit body with volume fraction retention of 85%, 75% and 70% in the second step of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a three-dimensional model of a geometry with a volume fraction of 85% warp and three-dimensional model of geometry with warp angles of 15 °, 30 ° and 45 °, respectively, according to step four of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a three-dimensional model of a geometry with a volume fraction of 75% warp and a three-dimensional model of a geometry with warp angles of 15 °, 30 ° and 45 °, respectively, according to step four of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a three-dimensional model of a step four 70% volume fraction warped geometry of the present invention, and its warped angles of 15 °, 30 ° and 45 °, respectively.
Fig. 6 is a diagram of an original model injury cloud under the same conditions in step five of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a graph of 85% lesion cloud for a lightweight model volume fraction under the same conditions in step five of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5 of the specification, the invention discloses a topology optimization design method of a high impact resistance bionic structure, which comprises the following process steps:
step one: as shown in fig. 1, the topology optimization design is first performed, and the topology optimization process may be simplified into an nxn×n (n is an integer greater than or equal to 1) cube, where seven vertex angles (n, n) receives a centripetal load force, the last angle (0, 0) is a fixed end, and the elastic modulus, the Poisson ratio and the volume fraction of the lightweight structure are input under the condition that the solid material is free of pores. And finally, carrying out model reconstruction on three-dimensional drawing software to obtain three-dimensional models of unit bodies with different volume fractions of 90%, 85%, 80%, 75% and 70%.
Step two: as shown in figure 2, a three-dimensional model with microstructure unit volume fractions of 85%, 75% and 70% is designed, and the three-dimensional model is linearly arranged according to a 4n multiplied by n layout to obtain a single-layer square topological optimization porous structure (primary unit).
Step three: the primary cells are stacked in a linear arrangement in a 4 x 4 layout, a three-dimensional model (secondary unit) of the lightweight geometry is obtained.
Step four: and the first-layer units of the first layer to the fourth layer of the second-layer units are integrally twisted with the four-layer square porous structure relative to the central shaft, and are subjected to geometric transformation and then combined to obtain the twisted geometric structure. The geometric transformation includes twisting, rotation in either direction, or any combination thereof. In the present embodiment, the first to fourth layers of the primary units are integrally twisted with respect to the central axis by angles of 15 °, 30 °, and 45 °, respectively.
Step five: and (3) importing the designed geometric three-dimensional model data into finite element software simulation, and taking a ceramic material as a model, and performing drop hammer simulation on a rigid ball model with the diameter of 1cm, wherein the height is 5m, and the speed is V=10m/s.
Step six: and step five, comparing the damage condition of the lightweight model obtained in the drop weight experiment with the damage condition of the original model under the same condition.
Furthermore, the designed ceramic material bionic impact-resistant light-weight structure is not limited to the self-material, and ceramic metal can be used for the structure.
Referring to the attached drawings 6-7 of the specification, it can be clearly seen that under the same conditions, the original cube model and the 85% volume fraction lightweight model optimize the damage cloud image of the microstructure unit body, the 85% volume fraction lightweight model optimize the maximum equivalent stress is 488.9MPa, the 265.4MPa is increased before the comparison and optimization, and the increase amplitude is 120%; the maximum deformation is 0.77cm, the reduction of the maximum deformation is 0.017cm before the comparison and optimization, and the reduction amplitude is 2.1%; the total mass of the original model is 0.0200kg, the total mass of the 85% lightweight model is 0.0174kg, the total mass is reduced by 0.0027kg before the comparison and optimization, and the optimization amplitude is 13.5%. Although the maximum equivalent stress is improved to some extent, the relative mass is reduced within the allowable range, the material utilization is more reasonable, and the optimization effect is more obvious. The lightweight model adopts the selection of the optimal design and the structural materials, can meet the same or similar performance requirements, but uses fewer materials and resources, which contributes to reducing the manufacturing cost.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A topology optimization design method of a high impact resistance bionic structure is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the basic structural unit is formed by combining a plurality of topological optimization structures with the same appearance and different arrangement directions, and the design of each structure complies with the result of topological software optimization, and comprises the following process steps:
step one: the topology optimization process is simplified into an n multiplied by n square, and n is an integer greater than or equal to 1; the seven corners (n, n, n) of the cube are subjected to centripetal concentrated load force, the last corner (0, 0) is a fixed end, the elastic modulus and the poisson ratio of the solid material without pores and the volume fraction of a porous structure are input, and finally, model reconstruction is carried out on three-dimensional drawing software, so that unit three-dimensional models with different volume fractions of 90%, 85%, 80%, 75% and 70% are obtained.
Step two: and designing a two-dimensional model with volume fractions of 85%, 75% and 70% and a unit body optimized microstructure, constructing a three-dimensional model in computer model design software according to the two-dimensional model, and linearly arranging according to a 4n multiplied by n layout to obtain a single-layer square topological optimized porous structure (primary unit).
Step three: the primary cells are stacked in a linear arrangement in a 4 x 4 layout, a three-dimensional model (secondary unit) of the lightweight geometry is obtained.
Step four: and integrally twisting the primary units of the first layer to the fourth layer of the secondary units relative to the central shaft, wherein the twisting angles are 15 degrees, 30 degrees and 45 degrees respectively, so as to obtain the three-dimensional model of the twisting geometric body.
Step five: and (3) importing the designed geometric three-dimensional model data into finite element software simulation, and taking a ceramic material as a model, and performing drop hammer simulation on a rigid ball model with the diameter of 1cm, wherein the height is 5m, and the speed is V=10m/s.
Step six: and step five, comparing the damage condition of the lightweight model obtained in the drop weight experiment with the damage condition of the original model under the same condition.
2. The method for topologically optimizing design of a high impact resistance bionic structure according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the fourth step, the first to fourth layers of first-level units are twisted by 15 °, 30 °, 45 ° with respect to the whole first-level units, respectively.
3. The topological optimization design method of the high impact resistance bionic structure according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: such performance metrics include, but are not limited to, product strength, stiffness, stability, durability, weight, and the like.
4. The method for topologically optimizing design of a high impact resistance bionic structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the method is characterized in that: such means as material optimization and structural optimization include, but are not limited to, geometry adjustment, shell reinforcement design, support structure design, and hole layout optimization.
5. A topology optimization design method of a high impact resistance bionic structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by: better damage performance is obtained through the model after the lightweight design, including reduction of fragment splashing, reduction of energy absorption, reduction of crack growth, delay of damage and the like.
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