CN117154741A - Operation control method of unified power quality regulator for integrated photovoltaic power generation - Google Patents
Operation control method of unified power quality regulator for integrated photovoltaic power generation Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/01—Arrangements for reducing harmonics or ripples
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
- H02J3/1821—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators
- H02J3/1835—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators with stepless control
- H02J3/1842—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators with stepless control wherein at least one reactive element is actively controlled by a bridge converter, e.g. active filters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
- H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
Abstract
The application provides an operation control method of a unified power quality regulator for integrated photovoltaic power generation, which removes a traditional power frequency isolation transformer, adds four active bridge converters, enables an improved topological system to have higher power density and stronger flexibility, considers apparent power capacity constraint of the topological system based on the operation control method provided by the topological system, improves the generated energy of a photovoltaic array, a power factor of a power grid and load voltage deviation, and relieves the power quality problem in the power system.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of power grid data processing, in particular to an operation control method of a unified power quality regulator for integrated photovoltaic power generation.
Background
At present, the problems of large-scale grid connection of renewable energy sources such as distributed photovoltaic and the like, continuous increase of nonlinear loads of power electronics, frequent switching of high-power loads and the like are continuously emerging, and the problem of electric energy quality in modern novel power systems is caused to be serious. A unified power quality conditioner (Unified Power Quality Conditioner, UPQC) is a widely used power quality control device that, despite the relatively complex topology of the UPQC, has the ability to alleviate almost all power quality problems associated with voltage and current. In recent years, many scholars and researchers have focused on the topology of the UPQC and optimizing the operating strategy.
On one hand, from the perspective of topology, researchers have proposed Open-UPQC, while reducing the cost of users, increasing the number of DC links at the same time, and the topology is more complex; in order to avoid using series-side coupled transformers, research and development personnel have proposed single-phase transformerless UPQC or three-phase transformerless UPQC consisting of three single-phase transformerless UPQC, but such UPQC topology systems cannot effectively suppress voltage fluctuations.
On the other hand, to make full use of UPQC, related developers have also proposed many optimization strategies, such as: particle swarm optimization (Particle Swarm Optimization, PSO) algorithms are used to obtain the optimal phase angle of the UPQC, however, the algorithms do not consider the capacity constraint of the converter, and cannot effectively alleviate the power quality problem in the power system.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide an operation control method of a unified power quality regulator for integrated photovoltaic power generation, which is used for effectively inhibiting voltage fluctuation and relieving the power quality problem in a power system.
An operation control method of a unified power quality conditioner integrated with photovoltaic power generation is applied to a unified power quality conditioner topology system, wherein the unified power quality conditioner topology system comprises three single-phase serial side converters, one three-phase parallel side converter, four active bridge converters, a direct current capacitor and a photovoltaic array, and a first direct current port of the four active bridge convertersp1. Second DC portp2. Third DC portp3 are respectively connected with the series-side converters through direct-current capacitors, and the fourth direct-current ports of the four active bridge convertersp4 are connected with parallel-side converters, and the photovoltaic array is connected with a first direct current port of the four active bridge convertersp1. Second DC portp2. Third DC portp3. Fourth DC portp4, connecting the series-connection side converter and the parallel-connection side converter into a power grid in a series-parallel connection mode, wherein the series-connection side converter comprises an H-bridge inverter;
the operation control method comprises the following steps:
step 1, modeling voltage and current phasors of all parts in a unified power quality regulator topology system to obtain a voltage and current phasor diagram of the unified power quality regulator topology system;
step 2, calculating an electrical variable value in the unified power quality regulator topology system based on the voltage and current phasor diagram obtained in the step 1, wherein the electrical variable value comprises voltage, current, active power, reactive power, apparent power, complex power and phase angle of each part in the unified power quality regulator topology system;
step 3, based on the electric variable value obtained in the step 2, a power flow model is established;
step 4, establishing a multi-objective optimization problem of the operation of the unified power quality regulator topology system, wherein the multi-objective optimization problem comprises maximizing the generated energy of a photovoltaic array, minimizing load voltage deviation, maximizing power factor of a power grid and minimizing total apparent power of the unified power quality regulator topology system;
step 5, determining constraint conditions of a multi-objective optimization problem of the unified power quality regulator topology system operation;
step 6, converting the multi-objective optimization problem obtained in the step 4 into four single-objective optimization problems according to the priority of the preset optimization objective;
and 7, solving each single-objective optimization problem according to the power flow model and combining the constraint conditions of the step 5, and performing operation control of the unified power quality regulator based on the solution of each single-objective optimization problem.
Compared with the prior art, the application provides the operation control method of the unified power quality regulator for integrated photovoltaic power generation, improves the traditional UPQC topological structure, removes the traditional power frequency isolation transformer, and adds four active bridge converters (Quadruple Active Bridge, QAB) so that the improved topological system has higher power density and stronger flexibility. In addition, the four active bridge converters provide more power electronic interfaces in the UPQC, so that the photovoltaic array can be conveniently integrated on a direct current link, the improved topological system has the advantages of suppressing voltage fluctuation, providing load reactive compensation, suppressing current harmonic waves and the like, the apparent power capacity constraint of the topological system is considered based on the operation control method provided by the topological system, the generated energy of the photovoltaic array and the power factor of the power grid are improved, the load voltage deviation is reduced, the power quality problem in the power system is relieved, in addition, the complex multi-objective optimization problem is converted into four simple single-objective optimization problems according to the priority of a preset optimization objective, and then the operation control of the unified power quality regulator is performed based on the solution of each single-objective optimization problem, so that the calculation difficulty can be reduced, the optimal operation strategy can be obtained quickly, and the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic array is effectively improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a unified power quality conditioner topology system;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of a method of controlling operation of a unified power quality conditioner for integrated photovoltaic power generation.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
The embodiment of the application provides an operation control method of a unified power quality conditioner integrated with photovoltaic power generation, which is applied to a topology system of the unified power quality conditioner.
Referring to fig. 1, the unified power quality conditioner topology system includes three single-phase series-side converters, one three-phase parallel-side converter, four active bridge converters, a dc capacitor, and a photovoltaic array, a first dc port of the four active bridge convertersp1. Second DC portp2. Third DC portp3 are respectively connected with the series-side converters through direct-current capacitors, and the fourth direct-current ports of the four active bridge convertersp4 are connected with parallel-side converters, and the photovoltaic array is connected with a first direct current port of the four active bridge convertersp1. Second DC portp2. Third DC portp3. Fourth DC portpAnd 4, connecting the series-connection side converter and the parallel-connection side converter into a power grid in a series-parallel connection mode, wherein the series-connection side converter comprises an H-bridge inverter.
Wherein the series-side converter is used for improving the voltage quality (harmonics, amplitude, transients, etc.) and isolating the mutual transfer of the load carrying harmful currents. Parallel side converter output current compensationLoad current quality (harmonic, reactive, unbalanced, etc.). The addition of four active bridge converters (Quadruple Active Bridge, QAB) allows for improved topology with higher power density and greater flexibility due to the removal of the conventional power frequency isolation transformer, while the photovoltaic array is integrated on the DC link, i.e., the port in fig. 1p1、p2、p3、p4 to supply power to the load via the topology system. In the context of figure 1 of the drawings,v Sa 、v Sb 、v Sc is the three-phase voltage at the power grid side,i Sa 、i Sb 、i Sc is the three-phase current of the power grid,i La 、i Lb 、i Lc for the purpose of loading three-phase currents,v La 、v Lb 、v Lc is the load three-phase voltage.
Referring to fig. 2, the operation control method includes steps 1 to 7:
and step 1, modeling the voltage and current phasors of each part in the unified power quality regulator topology system to obtain a voltage and current phasor diagram of the unified power quality regulator topology system.
Specifically, modeling the voltage and current phasors of each part of UPQC-QAB of integrated photovoltaic power generation by using a phasor diagram analysis method to obtain a voltage and current phasor diagram of a unified power quality regulator topology system;
and 2, calculating an electrical variable value in the unified power quality conditioner topology system based on the voltage and current phasor diagram obtained in the step 1, wherein the electrical variable value comprises voltage, current, active power, reactive power, apparent power, complex power and phase angle of each part in the unified power quality conditioner topology system.
Specifically, based on the voltage and current phasor diagrams obtained in the step 1, the electrical variable value in the unified power quality regulator topology system is obtained through a power system power flow calculation method.
And step 3, establishing a power flow model based on the electric variable value obtained in the step 2.
The power flow model is obtained by applying a basic power system analysis theory, and the established power flow model meets the following expression:
wherein,is the total apparent power of the unified power quality conditioner topology system,/->Is the apparent power of the series-side converter, < >>Is the apparent power of the parallel side converter, < >>Is an H-bridge inverterpActive power of i port, +.>Is flowing through a fourth DC portp 4 Is used for the active power of the (a),absrepresenting absolute value operation,/->One of three series side converters A, B, C is shown.
It should be noted that the number of the components,、/>absolute value operation is used, because positive and negative values exist according to different active power of power flow direction, the application is defined by portsp1、p2 andp3 flow direction series side converter is positive, by portpThe 4-flow parallel side converter is positive.
Wherein,、/>、/>、/>the following conditional expression is satisfied:
wherein,P S representing the active power of the power grid,Q S representing the reactive power of the power grid,G x the voltage scaling factor is represented by a ratio of voltages,G x >1 denotes the expansion of the grid voltage,G x <1 represents a voltage dip;representing load voltage +.>Rated voltage of the power grid, ">Representing the load voltage phase angle;
wherein,、/>active power, reactive power, respectively, of one phase of the parallel side converter, +.>Representing load apparent power, +.>，P L Representing the load-carrying active power,Q L load reactive power->Representing three phase load phase angles;
wherein,representing a photovoltaic array inpActive power of i port;
wherein,representing a photovoltaic array inpActive power of 4 ports.
And 4, establishing a multi-objective optimization problem of the operation of the unified power quality conditioner topological system, wherein the multi-objective optimization problem comprises maximizing the generated energy of the photovoltaic array, minimizing the load voltage deviation, maximizing the power factor of the power grid and minimizing the total apparent power of the unified power quality conditioner topological system.
In step 4, the established multi-objective optimization problem expression is as follows:
；
；
；
；
wherein, min represents the operation of taking the minimum value,representing a photovoltaic array inpMaximum active power of i port, +.>Indicating the load rated voltage.
And 5, determining constraint conditions of a multi-objective optimization problem of the operation of the unified power quality conditioner topology system.
In step 5, the constraint condition has the expression:
；
；
；
；
wherein,is the rated apparent power of the series-side converter, < >>Is the rated apparent power of the parallel side converter, < >>Is a photovoltaic arraypRated active power of i port.
And 6, converting the multi-objective optimization problem obtained in the step 4 into four single-objective optimization problems according to the priority of the preset optimization objective.
The step 6 specifically includes:
is satisfied that、/>、/>Solving->And will solve +.>Defining a first single objective optimization problem;
is satisfied that、/>And do not meet +.>Solving->And will solve +.>Defining a second single objective optimization problem;
is satisfied thatAnd do not meet +.>、/>Solving->And will solve +.>Defining a third single objective optimization problem;
at a short time、/>、/>Solving->And will solve +.>Defined as a fourth single objective optimization problem.
And 7, solving each single-objective optimization problem according to the power flow model and combining the constraint conditions of the step 5, and performing operation control of the unified power quality regulator based on the solution of each single-objective optimization problem.
In the step 7, according to a power flow model of UPQC-QAB of integrated photovoltaic power generation, solving a first single-target optimization problem, a second single-target optimization problem, a third single-target optimization problem and a fourth single-target optimization problem by an interior point method under the constraint condition of the step 3, wherein:
solving forWhen the constraint expression is:
；
；
；
。
in this case, the maximum power generation of the photovoltaic array is limited by the series, parallel side converters and QAB capacity. In general, the capacity of the QAB is smaller than that of the parallel-side converter, and because the QAB only transmits active power in the UPQC, in order to maximize the power generation of the photovoltaic array, the energy of the photovoltaic array in the series dc loop should be injected into the grid through the series-side converter as much as possible. Similarly, photovoltaic arrays on parallel dc links should transfer as much energy to the grid through parallel side converters as possible.
Solving forWhen the constraint expression is:
；
；
；
where sgn denotes the step function,kis an independent variable;
solving forWhen the constraint expression is:
；
；
；
solving forWhen the constraint expression is:
；
；
。
in summary, the operation control method of the unified power quality conditioner for integrated photovoltaic power generation improves the traditional UPQC topological structure, removes the traditional power frequency isolation transformer, and adds four active bridge converters (Quadruple Active Bridge, QAB) so that the improved topological system has higher power density and higher flexibility. In addition, the four active bridge converters provide more power electronic interfaces in the UPQC, so that the photovoltaic array can be conveniently integrated on a direct current link, the improved topological system has the advantages of suppressing voltage fluctuation, providing load reactive compensation, suppressing current harmonic waves and the like, the apparent power capacity constraint of the topological system is considered based on the operation control method provided by the topological system, the generated energy of the photovoltaic array and the power factor of the power grid are improved, the load voltage deviation is reduced, the power quality problem in the power system is relieved, in addition, the complex multi-objective optimization problem is converted into four simple single-objective optimization problems according to the priority of a preset optimization objective, and then the operation control of the unified power quality regulator is performed based on the solution of each single-objective optimization problem, so that the calculation difficulty can be reduced, the optimal operation strategy can be obtained quickly, and the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic array is effectively improved.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: many changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the spirit and principles of the application, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. An operation control method of a unified power quality conditioner integrated with photovoltaic power generation is characterized by being applied to a unified power quality conditioner topology system, wherein the unified power quality conditioner topology system comprises three single-phase serial side converters, one three-phase parallel side converter, four active bridge converters, a direct current capacitor and a photovoltaic array, and a first direct current port of the four active bridge convertersp1. Second DC portp2. Third DC portp3 are respectively connected with the series-side converters through direct-current capacitors, and the fourth direct-current ports of the four active bridge convertersp4 are connected with parallel-side converters, and the photovoltaic array is connected with a first direct current port of the four active bridge convertersp1. Second DC portp2. Third DC portp3. Fourth DC portp4, connecting the series-connection side converter and the parallel-connection side converter into a power grid in a series-parallel connection mode, wherein the series-connection side converter comprises an H-bridge inverter;
the operation control method comprises the following steps:
step 1, modeling voltage and current phasors of all parts in a unified power quality regulator topology system to obtain a voltage and current phasor diagram of the unified power quality regulator topology system;
step 2, calculating an electrical variable value in the unified power quality regulator topology system based on the voltage and current phasor diagram obtained in the step 1, wherein the electrical variable value comprises voltage, current, active power, reactive power, apparent power, complex power and phase angle of each part in the unified power quality regulator topology system;
step 3, based on the electric variable value obtained in the step 2, a power flow model is established;
step 4, establishing a multi-objective optimization problem of the operation of the unified power quality regulator topology system, wherein the multi-objective optimization problem comprises maximizing the generated energy of a photovoltaic array, minimizing load voltage deviation, maximizing power factor of a power grid and minimizing total apparent power of the unified power quality regulator topology system;
step 5, determining constraint conditions of a multi-objective optimization problem of the unified power quality regulator topology system operation;
step 6, converting the multi-objective optimization problem obtained in the step 4 into four single-objective optimization problems according to the priority of the preset optimization objective;
and 7, solving each single-objective optimization problem according to the power flow model and combining the constraint conditions of the step 5, and performing operation control of the unified power quality regulator based on the solution of each single-objective optimization problem.
2. The method for controlling operation of a unified power quality conditioner for integrated photovoltaic power generation according to claim 1 wherein in step 3, the established power flow model satisfies the following expression:
wherein,is a unified power quality conditioner topology systemIs +.>Is the apparent power of the series-side converter, < >>Is the apparent power of the parallel side converter, < >>Is an H-bridge inverterpThe active power of the i-port,is flowing through a fourth DC portp 4 Is used for the active power of the (a),absrepresenting absolute value operation,/->Representing one of three series side converters A, B, C;
wherein,、/>、/>、/>the following conditional expression is satisfied:
wherein,P S representing the active power of the power grid,Q S representing the reactive power of the power grid,G x the voltage scaling factor is represented by a ratio of voltages,representing load voltage +.>Rated voltage of the power grid, ">Representing the load voltage phase angle;
wherein,、/>active power, reactive power, respectively, of one phase of the parallel side converter, +.>Representing load apparent power, +.>，P L Representing the load-carrying active power,Q L load reactive power->Representing three phase load phase angles;
wherein,representing a photovoltaic array inpActive power of i port;
wherein,representing a photovoltaic array inpActive power of 4 ports.
3. The method for controlling operation of a unified power quality conditioner for integrated photovoltaic power generation according to claim 2 wherein in step 4, the established multi-objective optimization problem expression is as follows:
；
；
；
；
wherein, min represents the operation of taking the minimum value,representing a photovoltaic array inpMaximum active power of i port, +.>Indicating the load rated voltage.
4. The operation control method of the integrated photovoltaic power generation unified power quality conditioner according to claim 3 wherein in step 5, the expression of the constraint condition is:
；
；
；
；
wherein,is the rated apparent power of the series-side converter, < >>Is the rated apparent power of the parallel side converter,is a photovoltaic arraypRated active power of i port.
5. The method for controlling operation of a unified power quality conditioner for integrated photovoltaic power generation according to claim 4 wherein step 6 specifically comprises:
is satisfied that、/>、/>Solving->And will solve forDefining a first single objective optimization problem;
is satisfied that、/>And do not meet +.>Solving->And will solve +.>Defining a second single objective optimization problem;
is satisfied thatAnd do not meet +.>、/>Solving->And will solve +.>Defining a third single objective optimization problem;
at a short time、/>、/>Solving->And will solve +.>Defined as a fourth single objective optimization problem.
6. The method for controlling operation of a unified power quality conditioner for integrated photovoltaic power generation according to claim 5, wherein in step 7, according to a power flow model of a UPQC-QAB for integrated photovoltaic power generation, the first single-objective optimization problem, the second single-objective optimization problem, the third single-objective optimization problem, and the fourth single-objective optimization problem are solved by an interior point method under the constraint condition of step 3, wherein:
solving forWhen the constraint expression is:
；
；
；
；
solving forWhen the constraint expression is:
；
；
；
where sgn denotes the step function,kis an independent variable;
solving forWhen the constraint expression is:
；
；
；
solving forWhen the constraint expression is:
；
；
。
7. the method for controlling operation of a unified power quality conditioner for integrated photovoltaic power generation according to claim 1 wherein step 1 specifically comprises: modeling the voltage and current phasors of each part of UPQC-QAB of the integrated photovoltaic power generation by using a phasor diagram analysis method to obtain a voltage and current phasor diagram of a unified power quality regulator topology system;
the step 2 specifically comprises the following steps: and (3) obtaining the electrical variable value in the unified power quality regulator topology system by a power system tide calculation method based on the voltage and current phasor diagram obtained in the step (1).
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