CN117154139B - Flow battery activation device and method - Google Patents
Flow battery activation device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN117154139B CN117154139B CN202311402621.8A CN202311402621A CN117154139B CN 117154139 B CN117154139 B CN 117154139B CN 202311402621 A CN202311402621 A CN 202311402621A CN 117154139 B CN117154139 B CN 117154139B
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- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 77
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 77
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 77
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012983 electrochemical energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04225—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during start-up
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/043—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods
- H01M8/04302—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods applied during start-up
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04544—Voltage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04858—Electric variables
- H01M8/04895—Current
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04955—Shut-off or shut-down of fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The invention provides a flow battery activating device and a method in the technical field of flow batteries, wherein the device comprises an alternating current source, a flow battery, a rectifying module, a current limiting module, an alternating current side switch module, a direct current side switch module and an energy storage converter; the input end of the rectifying module is connected with one end of the alternating current side switch module, the positive electrode of the output end of the rectifying module is connected with one end of the current limiting module, and the negative electrode of the output end of the rectifying module is connected with the negative electrode of the output end of the energy storage converter and the negative electrode of the flow battery; the input end of the energy storage converter is connected with the other end of the alternating current side switch module and the alternating current source, and the positive electrode of the output end of the energy storage converter is connected with one end of the direct current side switch module and the positive electrode of the flow battery; the other end of the current limiting module is connected with the other end of the direct current side switch module. The invention has the advantages that: the activation speed of the flow battery is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of flow batteries, in particular to a device and a method for activating a flow battery.
Background
The flow battery is an electrochemical energy storage technology and a new storage battery, and comprises a pile unit, electrolyte, an electrolyte storage and supply unit, a management control unit and the like. The flow battery utilizes the characteristics of separating positive and negative electrolytes and respectively circulating, has the advantages of high capacity, wide application field (environment), long circulating service life, high safety, capacity and power separation and the like, and is very suitable for long-term energy storage systems.
In order to reduce standby power consumption of the flow battery, the flow battery generally enters a standby state when not being charged or discharged, and after electrolyte is returned to a liquid storage tank, the operation of an electrolyte pump is stopped, at the moment, the actual battery SOC is more than 0, the ion concentration enough for reaction is still contained in the electrolyte, and after the reaction of the residual electrolyte in a galvanic pile is completed, the voltage is reduced to 0V. However, in this case (hereinafter referred to as an initial state), when the flow battery needs to be discharged again, besides the electrolyte is required to be sent from the liquid storage tank to the cell stack by the electrolyte pump, a voltage range in which the cell stack can be charged and discharged normally is required to be reached after the cell stack is charged and activated, and before activation, even if the ion concentration in the ion solution of the cell stack is sufficient, the anode and the cathode of the cell stack have no voltage, so that the flow battery cannot be started normally. The flow battery generally adopts an energy storage converter to charge and discharge, but the working voltage of the energy storage converter is the normal working voltage after activation, but the 0V starting is not supported, and the electric pile in the initial state cannot be directly charged and activated.
In order to realize the activation of the energy storage converter to the flow battery, conventionally (such as the energy storage converter of patent CN 110120678A) by adding a voltage dividing resistor, a switch and other circuits between an ac side and a dc side, the energy storage converter is first put into a rectification pre-charging mode through resistor voltage division and current limitation, the electric pile is pre-charged until the electric pile voltage reaches a preset value, and after the electric pile is activated, the energy in the electrolyte is discharged to the ac side. However, in the conventional method of current limiting and pre-charging through a voltage dividing resistor, the energy storage converter needs to be operated in a pre-charging state, started after completion, and then operated in a discharging state, and generally, after normal operation, charge-discharge conversion needs 10-20 ms, so that the power response of the energy storage converter is delayed due to pre-charging. According to the normal flow, the energy storage converter is started up only after the energy storage converter is started up from the power-off state, the power-on pre-charge and the voltage establishment, and the time is as long as a minute level because the main contactor works in the power-off state at the moment.
When the flow battery is used for a long-term energy storage system, the functions of peak regulation, frequency modulation and the like need to be considered to be supported; when the power grid needs to discharge the flow battery, response time is checked, and the faster the response time is, the better the peak shaving and frequency modulation effects are. Therefore, how to provide a device and a method for activating a flow battery to achieve the improvement of the activation speed of the flow battery becomes a technical problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a device and a method for activating a flow battery, which can improve the activation speed of the flow battery.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a flow battery activation device, including an ac source and a flow battery, which is characterized in that: the power supply system also comprises a rectifying module, a current limiting module, an alternating current side switch module, a direct current side switch module and an energy storage converter;
the input end of the rectifying module is connected with one end of the alternating current side switch module, the positive electrode of the output end of the rectifying module is connected with one end of the current limiting module, and the negative electrode of the output end of the rectifying module is connected with the negative electrode of the output end of the energy storage converter and the negative electrode of the flow battery; the input end of the energy storage converter is connected with the other end of the alternating current side switch module and the alternating current source, and the positive electrode of the output end of the energy storage converter is connected with one end of the direct current side switch module and the positive electrode of the flow battery; the other end of the current limiting module is connected with the other end of the direct current side switch module.
Further, the rectifying module includes a rectifying diode D1, a rectifying diode D2, a rectifying diode D3, a rectifying diode D4, a rectifying diode D5, a rectifying diode D6, and a FUSE5;
one end of the FUSE5 is connected with the input end of the rectifying diode D2, the input end of the rectifying diode D4 and the input end of the rectifying diode D6, and the other end of the FUSE is connected with the cathode of the flow battery; the input end of the rectifying diode D1 is connected with the alternating current side switch module and the output end of the rectifying diode D2, and the output end of the rectifying diode D3, the output end of the rectifying diode D5 and the current limiting module are connected; the input end of the rectifying diode D3 is connected with the alternating current side switch module and the output end of the rectifying diode D4; the input end of the rectifying diode D5 is connected with the alternating current side switch module and the output end of the rectifying diode D6;
the rectifying module comprises a silicon controlled rectifier S1, a silicon controlled rectifier S2, a silicon controlled rectifier S3, a silicon controlled rectifier S4, a silicon controlled rectifier S5, a silicon controlled rectifier S6 and a FUSE5;
one end of the FUSE5 is connected with the input end of the silicon controlled rectifier S2, the input end of the silicon controlled rectifier S4 and the input end of the silicon controlled rectifier S6, and the other end of the FUSE is connected with the negative electrode of the flow battery; the input end of the silicon controlled rectifier S1 is connected with the alternating current side switch module and the output end of the silicon controlled rectifier S2, and the output end of the silicon controlled rectifier S3, the output end of the silicon controlled rectifier S5 and the current limiting module; the input end of the silicon controlled rectifier S3 is connected with the output end of the alternating current side switch module and the output end of the silicon controlled rectifier S4; the input end of the silicon controlled rectifier S5 is connected with the output end of the alternating current side switch module and the output end of the silicon controlled rectifier S6.
Further, the current limiting module comprises a plurality of current limiting units, one end of each current limiting unit is connected with the rectifying module after being connected in parallel, and the other end of each current limiting unit is connected with the direct current side switch module;
the current limiting unit comprises a switch K3 and a resistor R1 which are connected in series;
the current limiting unit comprises a MOS tube K4 and a resistor R2 which are connected in series;
the current limiting unit comprises an IGBT tube K5 and a resistor R3 which are connected in series;
the current limiting unit alternatively comprises an inductor L1 and a resistor R4 connected in series.
Further, the ac side switch module includes a single pole three throw switch K1, a FUSE1, a FUSE2, and a FUSE3;
the input end of the single-pole three-throw switch K1 is respectively connected with the FUSE1, the FUSE2 and the FUSE3, and the output end of the single-pole three-throw switch K1 is connected with the rectifying module; the FUSE1, FUSE2, and FUSE3 are all connected to an ac source.
Further, the dc side switching module includes a FUSE4 and a switch K2;
one end of the FUSE4 is connected with the current limiting module, and the other end of the FUSE is connected with one end of the switch K2; the other end of the switch K2 is connected with the positive electrode of the flow battery.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for activating a flow battery, including the steps of:
step S1, setting the working state of an energy storage converter based on a quick response identifier carried by a power response instruction;
s2, closing the alternating-current side switch module and the direct-current side switch module;
s3, measuring the voltage of the output side of the current limiting module in real time, and calculating the activation current in real time based on the pressure difference between two ends of the current limiting module;
and S4, dynamically increasing the activation current, and when the output side voltage reaches a preset voltage threshold, disconnecting the alternating current side switch module and the direct current side switch module to complete activation of the flow battery.
Further, in the step S1, the fast response flag is yes or no; when the quick response mark is yes, the working state is a standby state; and when the quick response mark is negative, the working state is a shutdown state.
Further, in the step S3, the activation current=the resistance value of the voltage difference/current limiting module at both ends of the current limiting module.
Further, in the step S3, when the current limiting unit includes a switch K3 and a resistor R1 connected in series, the dynamically increasing the activation current is specifically: gradually closing each switch K3 to gradually connect each resistor R1 in parallel, and further dynamically increasing the activation current;
when the current limiting unit comprises a MOS tube K4 and a resistor R2 which are connected in series, the activation current is dynamically increased specifically as follows: gradually increasing the duty ratio of each MOS tube K4 to dynamically increase the activation current;
when the current limiting unit comprises an IGBT tube K5 and a resistor R3 connected in series, the active current is dynamically increased specifically as follows: gradually increasing the duty ratio of each IGBT tube K5 to dynamically increase the activation current;
when the rectifying module includes a thyristor S1, a thyristor S2, a thyristor S3, a thyristor S4, a thyristor S5, a thyristor S6 and a FUSE5, the dynamically increasing the activation current is specifically: the conduction angles of the silicon controlled rectifier S1, the silicon controlled rectifier S2, the silicon controlled rectifier S3, the silicon controlled rectifier S4, the silicon controlled rectifier S5 and the silicon controlled rectifier S6 are gradually increased so as to dynamically increase the activation current.
Further, the step S4 further includes:
the pile voltage of the flow battery meets the working voltage of the energy storage converter, and the energy storage converter is normally charged and discharged.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the energy storage converter is characterized by comprising a rectifying module, a current limiting module, an alternating current side switch module, a direct current side switch module and an energy storage converter; the input end of the rectifying module is connected with one end of the alternating current side switch module, the positive electrode of the output end is connected with one end of the current limiting module, and the negative electrode of the output end is connected with the negative electrode of the output end of the energy storage converter and the negative electrode of the flow battery; the input end of the energy storage converter is connected with the other end of the alternating current side switch module and the alternating current source, and the positive electrode of the output end is connected with one end of the direct current side switch module and the positive electrode of the flow battery; the other end of the current limiting module is connected with the other end of the direct current side switch module; the energy storage converter and a circuit formed by the rectifying module, the current limiting module, the alternating current side switching module and the direct current side switching module are in parallel connection, current can be independently supplied to the flow battery for charging and activating through the rectifying module, the current limiting module, the alternating current side switching module and the direct current side switching module, when the rapid response is needed, the energy storage converter is maintained in a standby state by auxiliary power supply, the rectifying module, the current limiting module, the alternating current side switching module and the direct current side switching module charge and activate the flow battery, the energy storage converter directly discharges after the activation is finished, the energy storage converter does not need to be switched to a discharge state from pre-charging and does not need to execute a starting process, the power response time is greatly shortened, and the activating speed of the flow battery is greatly improved.
2. Through rectifier module, current limiting module, exchange side switch module, direct current side switch module cooperation energy storage converter, realize flow battery 0V start function, and install and deploy in a flexible way, rectifier module, current limiting module, exchange side switch module and direct current side switch module can arrange the energy storage converter inside, also can be independent of the energy storage converter, need not to reform transform current energy storage converter finished product.
3. The active current can be dynamically increased (the active current is finely adjusted) through the rectifying module or the current limiting module, the current impulse is reduced, the hydrogen and oxygen evolution of electrolyte of the flow battery caused by the overcurrent are reduced, and the time required for activation is reduced.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to examples of embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a flow battery activation device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of the rectifying module of the present invention including a rectifying diode and the current limiting module including a switch K3.
Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of the rectifying module of the present invention including a rectifying diode and the current limiting module including a MOS transistor K4.
Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of the rectifying module of the present invention including a rectifying diode and the current limiting module including an IGBT tube K5.
Fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of the rectifying module of the present invention including a thyristor and the current limiting module including an inductor L1.
Fig. 6 is a flow chart of a method of flow battery activation of the present invention.
Detailed Description
According to the technical scheme in the embodiment of the application, the overall thought is as follows: the energy storage converter is arranged in parallel connection with a circuit consisting of a rectifying module, a current limiting module, an alternating current side switching module and a direct current side switching module, current can be independently supplied to the flow battery through the rectifying module, the current limiting module, the alternating current side switching module and the direct current side switching module for charging and activating, when a quick response is required, the energy storage converter is maintained in a standby state by auxiliary power supply, the rectifying module, the current limiting module, the alternating current side switching module and the direct current side switching module charge and activate the flow battery, the energy storage converter is directly discharged after the activation is completed, the energy storage converter does not need to be switched to a discharging state from pre-charging, and a starting process is not required to be executed, so that the activating speed of the flow battery is improved.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, a preferred embodiment of a flow battery activation device of the present invention includes an ac source and a flow battery, and is characterized in that: the power supply system also comprises a rectifying module, a current limiting module, an alternating current side switch module, a direct current side switch module and an energy storage converter;
the rectification module is used for rectifying direct-current voltage at an alternating-current side into direct current so as to provide activating current for the flow battery, and can be formed by combining one or more of a diode, a silicon controlled rectifier, an IGBT, a MOS tube and the like to realize fixed voltage or adjustable voltage output; the current limiting module is used for limiting the activation current, and can adopt a fixed resistor, an adjustable resistor, realize multi-gear resistance adjustment through mechanical switch switching or realize a current limiting function through the on-off of a power switch tube connected in series when the current limiting module is in specific implementation; the alternating current side switch module and the direct current side switch module are used for switching on the activation loop and switching off the activation loop after the activation is completed, and only the alternating current side switch module or the direct current side switch module can be used in specific implementation.
The input end of the rectifying module is connected with one end of the alternating current side switch module, the positive electrode of the output end of the rectifying module is connected with one end of the current limiting module, and the negative electrode of the output end of the rectifying module is connected with the negative electrode of the output end of the energy storage converter and the negative electrode of the flow battery; the input end of the energy storage converter is connected with the other end of the alternating current side switch module and the alternating current source, and the positive electrode of the output end of the energy storage converter is connected with one end of the direct current side switch module and the positive electrode of the flow battery; the other end of the current limiting module is connected with the other end of the direct current side switch module.
The rectifying module comprises a rectifying diode D1, a rectifying diode D2, a rectifying diode D3, a rectifying diode D4, a rectifying diode D5, a rectifying diode D6 and a FUSE5;
one end of the FUSE5 is connected with the input end of the rectifying diode D2, the input end of the rectifying diode D4 and the input end of the rectifying diode D6, and the other end of the FUSE is connected with the cathode of the flow battery; the input end of the rectifying diode D1 is connected with the alternating current side switch module and the output end of the rectifying diode D2, and the output end of the rectifying diode D3, the output end of the rectifying diode D5 and the current limiting module are connected; the input end of the rectifying diode D3 is connected with the alternating current side switch module and the output end of the rectifying diode D4; the input end of the rectifying diode D5 is connected with the alternating current side switch module and the output end of the rectifying diode D6;
the rectifying module comprises a silicon controlled rectifier S1, a silicon controlled rectifier S2, a silicon controlled rectifier S3, a silicon controlled rectifier S4, a silicon controlled rectifier S5, a silicon controlled rectifier S6 and a FUSE5;
one end of the FUSE5 is connected with the input end of the silicon controlled rectifier S2, the input end of the silicon controlled rectifier S4 and the input end of the silicon controlled rectifier S6, and the other end of the FUSE is connected with the negative electrode of the flow battery; the input end of the silicon controlled rectifier S1 is connected with the alternating current side switch module and the output end of the silicon controlled rectifier S2, and the output end of the silicon controlled rectifier S3, the output end of the silicon controlled rectifier S5 and the current limiting module; the input end of the silicon controlled rectifier S3 is connected with the output end of the alternating current side switch module and the output end of the silicon controlled rectifier S4; the input end of the silicon controlled rectifier S5 is connected with the output end of the alternating current side switch module and the output end of the silicon controlled rectifier S6.
The current limiting module comprises a plurality of current limiting units, wherein after the current limiting units are connected in parallel, one end of each current limiting unit is connected with the rectifying module, and the other end of each current limiting unit is connected with the direct current side switch module;
the current limiting unit comprises a switch K3 and a resistor R1 which are connected in series;
the current limiting unit comprises a MOS tube K4 and a resistor R2 which are connected in series;
the current limiting unit comprises an IGBT tube K5 and a resistor R3 which are connected in series;
the current limiting unit comprises an inductor L1 and a resistor R4 which are connected in series; the inductance L1 can reduce the impact current when the silicon controlled rectifier is conducted.
The alternating current side switch module comprises a single-pole three-throw switch K1, a FUSE2 and a FUSE3;
the input end of the single-pole three-throw switch K1 is respectively connected with the FUSE1, the FUSE2 and the FUSE3, and the output end of the single-pole three-throw switch K1 is connected with the rectifying module; the FUSE1, FUSE2, and FUSE3 are all connected to an ac source.
The direct-current side switch module comprises a FUSE4 and a switch K2;
one end of the FUSE4 is connected with the current limiting module, and the other end of the FUSE is connected with one end of the switch K2; the other end of the switch K2 is connected with the positive electrode of the flow battery.
The preferred embodiment of the flow battery activation method of the invention comprises the following steps:
step S1, setting the working state of an energy storage converter based on a quick response identifier carried by a power response instruction;
s2, closing the alternating-current side switch module and the direct-current side switch module;
s3, measuring the voltage of the output side of the current limiting module in real time, and calculating the activation current in real time based on the pressure difference between two ends of the current limiting module;
and S4, dynamically increasing the activation current, and when the output side voltage reaches a preset voltage threshold, disconnecting the alternating current side switch module and the direct current side switch module to complete activation of the flow battery.
Namely, when the activation current is smaller, the activation current can be dynamically increased, so that the problems that the electrolyte is subjected to oxygen evolution and hydrogen evolution caused by the overlarge activation current and the activation charging speed is too slow due to the fact that the activation current is too small after the stack voltage is increased are avoided.
In the step S1, the quick response flag is yes or no; when the quick response mark is yes, the working state is a standby state; and when the quick response mark is negative, the working state is a shutdown state.
In step S3, the activation current=the resistance of the voltage difference/current limiting module at both ends of the current limiting module.
In the step S3, when the current limiting unit includes a switch K3 and a resistor R1 connected in series, the dynamically increasing the activation current is specifically: gradually closing each switch K3 to gradually connect each resistor R1 in parallel, and further dynamically increasing the activation current; when the activation current is smaller, 1 switch K3 is turned on, 2 switches K3 are turned on, 3 switches K3 are turned on, and the number of the turned-on switches is increased continuously;
when the current limiting unit comprises a MOS tube K4 and a resistor R2 which are connected in series, the activation current is dynamically increased specifically as follows: gradually increasing the duty ratio of each MOS tube K4 to dynamically increase the activation current; for example, starting from a duty cycle of 5% and increasing gradually;
when the current limiting unit comprises an IGBT tube K5 and a resistor R3 connected in series, the active current is dynamically increased specifically as follows: gradually increasing the duty ratio of each IGBT tube K5 to dynamically increase the activation current; the activation current can be regulated more smoothly through the MOS tube and the IGBT tube, and the charging speed is improved;
when the rectifying module includes a thyristor S1, a thyristor S2, a thyristor S3, a thyristor S4, a thyristor S5, a thyristor S6 and a FUSE5, the dynamically increasing the activation current is specifically: the conduction angles of the silicon controlled rectifier S1, the silicon controlled rectifier S2, the silicon controlled rectifier S3, the silicon controlled rectifier S4, the silicon controlled rectifier S5 and the silicon controlled rectifier S6 are gradually increased so as to dynamically increase the activation current.
The output voltage of the rectifying module can be controlled by controlling the conduction angles of the silicon controlled rectifier S1, the silicon controlled rectifier S2, the silicon controlled rectifier S3, the silicon controlled rectifier S4, the silicon controlled rectifier S5 and the silicon controlled rectifier S6, so that the activation current is regulated; in order to improve the charging response speed and avoid hydrogen evolution and oxygen evolution caused by overcurrent, the method is implemented by collecting average current, using a small conduction angle at first, and gradually increasing the conduction angle according to the average current so as to maintain the relatively stable activation current.
The step S4 further includes:
the pile voltage of the flow battery meets the working voltage of the energy storage converter, and the energy storage converter is normally charged and discharged.
In summary, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the energy storage converter is characterized by comprising a rectifying module, a current limiting module, an alternating current side switch module, a direct current side switch module and an energy storage converter; the input end of the rectifying module is connected with one end of the alternating current side switch module, the positive electrode of the output end is connected with one end of the current limiting module, and the negative electrode of the output end is connected with the negative electrode of the output end of the energy storage converter and the negative electrode of the flow battery; the input end of the energy storage converter is connected with the other end of the alternating current side switch module and the alternating current source, and the positive electrode of the output end is connected with one end of the direct current side switch module and the positive electrode of the flow battery; the other end of the current limiting module is connected with the other end of the direct current side switch module; the energy storage converter and a circuit formed by the rectifying module, the current limiting module, the alternating current side switching module and the direct current side switching module are in parallel connection, current can be independently supplied to the flow battery for charging and activating through the rectifying module, the current limiting module, the alternating current side switching module and the direct current side switching module, when the rapid response is needed, the energy storage converter is maintained in a standby state by auxiliary power supply, the rectifying module, the current limiting module, the alternating current side switching module and the direct current side switching module charge and activate the flow battery, the energy storage converter directly discharges after the activation is finished, the energy storage converter does not need to be switched to a discharge state from pre-charging and does not need to execute a starting process, the power response time is greatly shortened, and the activating speed of the flow battery is greatly improved.
2. Through rectifier module, current limiting module, exchange side switch module, direct current side switch module cooperation energy storage converter, realize flow battery 0V start function, and install and deploy in a flexible way, rectifier module, current limiting module, exchange side switch module and direct current side switch module can arrange the energy storage converter inside, also can be independent of the energy storage converter, need not to reform transform current energy storage converter finished product.
3. The active current can be dynamically increased (the active current is finely adjusted) through the rectifying module or the current limiting module, the current impulse is reduced, the hydrogen and oxygen evolution of electrolyte of the flow battery caused by the overcurrent are reduced, and the time required for activation is reduced.
While specific embodiments of the invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the specific embodiments described are illustrative only and not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and that equivalent modifications and variations of the invention in light of the spirit of the invention will be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A flow battery activation device, includes an alternating current source and a flow battery, its characterized in that: the power supply system also comprises a rectifying module, a current limiting module, an alternating current side switch module, a direct current side switch module and an energy storage converter;
the input end of the rectifying module is connected with one end of the alternating current side switch module, the positive electrode of the output end of the rectifying module is connected with one end of the current limiting module, and the negative electrode of the output end of the rectifying module is connected with the negative electrode of the output end of the energy storage converter and the negative electrode of the flow battery; the input end of the energy storage converter is connected with the other end of the alternating current side switch module and the alternating current source, and the positive electrode of the output end of the energy storage converter is connected with one end of the direct current side switch module and the positive electrode of the flow battery; the other end of the current limiting module is connected with the other end of the direct current side switch module;
the rectifying module comprises a rectifying diode D1, a rectifying diode D2, a rectifying diode D3, a rectifying diode D4, a rectifying diode D5, a rectifying diode D6 and a FUSE5;
one end of the FUSE5 is connected with the input end of the rectifying diode D2, the input end of the rectifying diode D4 and the input end of the rectifying diode D6, and the other end of the FUSE is connected with the cathode of the flow battery; the input end of the rectifying diode D1 is connected with the alternating current side switch module and the output end of the rectifying diode D2, and the output end of the rectifying diode D3, the output end of the rectifying diode D5 and the current limiting module are connected; the input end of the rectifying diode D3 is connected with the alternating current side switch module and the output end of the rectifying diode D4; the input end of the rectifying diode D5 is connected with the alternating current side switch module and the output end of the rectifying diode D6;
the rectifying module comprises a silicon controlled rectifier S1, a silicon controlled rectifier S2, a silicon controlled rectifier S3, a silicon controlled rectifier S4, a silicon controlled rectifier S5, a silicon controlled rectifier S6 and a FUSE5;
one end of the FUSE5 is connected with the input end of the silicon controlled rectifier S2, the input end of the silicon controlled rectifier S4 and the input end of the silicon controlled rectifier S6, and the other end of the FUSE is connected with the negative electrode of the flow battery; the input end of the silicon controlled rectifier S1 is connected with the alternating current side switch module and the output end of the silicon controlled rectifier S2, and the output end of the silicon controlled rectifier S3, the output end of the silicon controlled rectifier S5 and the current limiting module; the input end of the silicon controlled rectifier S3 is connected with the output end of the alternating current side switch module and the output end of the silicon controlled rectifier S4; the input end of the silicon controlled rectifier S5 is connected with the output end of the alternating current side switch module and the output end of the silicon controlled rectifier S6;
the current limiting module comprises a plurality of current limiting units, wherein after the current limiting units are connected in parallel, one end of each current limiting unit is connected with the rectifying module, and the other end of each current limiting unit is connected with the direct current side switch module;
the current limiting unit comprises a switch K3 and a resistor R1 which are connected in series;
the current limiting unit comprises a MOS tube K4 and a resistor R2 which are connected in series;
the current limiting unit comprises an IGBT tube K5 and a resistor R3 which are connected in series;
the current limiting unit comprises an inductor L1 and a resistor R4 which are connected in series;
the alternating current side switch module comprises a single-pole three-throw switch K1, a FUSE2 and a FUSE3;
the input end of the single-pole three-throw switch K1 is respectively connected with the FUSE1, the FUSE2 and the FUSE3, and the output end of the single-pole three-throw switch K1 is connected with the rectifying module; the FUSE1, the FUSE2 and the FUSE3 are all connected with an alternating current source;
the direct-current side switch module comprises a FUSE4 and a switch K2;
one end of the FUSE4 is connected with the current limiting module, and the other end of the FUSE is connected with one end of the switch K2; the other end of the switch K2 is connected with the positive electrode of the flow battery.
2. A method for activating a flow battery is characterized in that: the method requires the use of a flow battery activation device according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
step S1, setting the working state of an energy storage converter based on a quick response identifier carried by a power response instruction; the quick response flag is yes or no; when the quick response mark is yes, the working state is a standby state; when the quick response mark is no, the working state is a shutdown state;
s2, closing the alternating-current side switch module and the direct-current side switch module;
s3, measuring the voltage of the output side of the current limiting module in real time, and calculating the activation current in real time based on the pressure difference between two ends of the current limiting module; activating current = resistance of the differential/current limiting module across the current limiting module;
step S4, dynamically increasing the activation current, and when the output side voltage reaches a preset voltage threshold, disconnecting the alternating current side switch module and the direct current side switch module to complete activation of the flow battery;
the pile voltage of the flow battery meets the working voltage of the energy storage converter, and the energy storage converter is normally charged and discharged;
when the current limiting unit comprises a switch K3 and a resistor R1 connected in series, the active current is dynamically increased specifically as follows: gradually closing each switch K3 to gradually connect each resistor R1 in parallel, and further dynamically increasing the activation current;
when the current limiting unit comprises a MOS tube K4 and a resistor R2 which are connected in series, the activation current is dynamically increased specifically as follows: gradually increasing the duty ratio of each MOS tube K4 to dynamically increase the activation current;
when the current limiting unit comprises an IGBT tube K5 and a resistor R3 connected in series, the active current is dynamically increased specifically as follows: gradually increasing the duty ratio of each IGBT tube K5 to dynamically increase the activation current;
when the rectifying module includes a thyristor S1, a thyristor S2, a thyristor S3, a thyristor S4, a thyristor S5, a thyristor S6 and a FUSE5, the dynamically increasing the activation current is specifically: the conduction angles of the silicon controlled rectifier S1, the silicon controlled rectifier S2, the silicon controlled rectifier S3, the silicon controlled rectifier S4, the silicon controlled rectifier S5 and the silicon controlled rectifier S6 are gradually increased so as to dynamically increase the activation current.
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