CN116718935B - Battery detection device and battery detection method - Google Patents
Battery detection device and battery detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116718935B CN116718935B CN202310989598.0A CN202310989598A CN116718935B CN 116718935 B CN116718935 B CN 116718935B CN 202310989598 A CN202310989598 A CN 202310989598A CN 116718935 B CN116718935 B CN 116718935B
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- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
- G01R31/387—Determining ampere-hour charge capacity or SoC
- G01R31/388—Determining ampere-hour charge capacity or SoC involving voltage measurements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/3644—Constructional arrangements
- G01R31/3646—Constructional arrangements for indicating electrical conditions or variables, e.g. visual or audible indicators
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/389—Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/392—Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The invention discloses a battery detection device and a battery detection method, which relate to the technical field of battery management and are used for detecting whether a reverse connection condition exists in an external battery of a chip and the number of battery sections of the reverse connection and sending out alarm information in time, so that the safety and the reliability of the battery management chip are improved. The battery detection device is applied to a battery management chip and comprises: the device comprises a plurality of groups of battery detection circuits, an analog-to-digital conversion module, a digital-to-analog conversion module and a CPU module. The first end of each group of battery detection circuits is respectively connected with each corresponding battery to be detected, the second end of each group of battery detection circuits is electrically connected with the digital-to-analog conversion module, the first output end of each group of battery detection circuits is electrically connected with the first sampling end of the analog-to-digital conversion module to form a plurality of first passages, the second output end of each group of battery detection circuits is electrically connected with the second sampling end of the analog-to-digital conversion module to form a plurality of second passages, and the CPU module is also respectively electrically connected with the analog-to-digital conversion module and the digital-to-analog conversion module.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of battery management technologies, and in particular, to a battery detection device and a battery detection method.
Background
With the rapid development of new energy lithium batteries in power and energy storage system applications, the number of battery sections to be managed by a battery management chip is increased, and if the batteries are reversely connected or over-voltage occurs, the quality of products can be affected. In addition, if the positive and negative electrode positions are reversed during charging, serious problems such as short circuit and explosion of the battery may be caused.
In the prior art, in order to avoid short circuit or explosion of the battery, the multi-cell management chip only has the function of protecting the positive and negative connection from overvoltage and the function of not powering on the inside of the chip in the reverse connection, but still cannot accurately detect whether the battery is in the reverse connection or not, and cannot detect the number of the battery sections in the reverse connection and timely send out alarm information.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a battery detection device and a battery detection method, which are used for detecting whether a reverse connection condition exists in an external battery of a chip and the number of battery sections of the reverse connection and sending out alarm information in time, so that the safety and the reliability of a battery management chip are further improved.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a battery detection device, which is applied to a battery management chip, and the battery detection device includes a plurality of groups of battery detection circuits, an analog-to-digital conversion module, a digital-to-analog conversion module, and a CPU module.
The first end of each group of battery detection circuits is respectively and electrically connected with each corresponding battery to be detected, the second end of each group of battery detection circuits is electrically connected with the digital-to-analog conversion module, the first output end of each group of battery detection circuits is electrically connected with the first sampling end of the analog-to-digital conversion module to form a plurality of first passages, the second output end of each group of battery detection circuits is electrically connected with the second sampling end of the analog-to-digital conversion module to form a plurality of second passages, and the CPU module is also respectively and electrically connected with the analog-to-digital conversion module and the digital-to-analog conversion module.
The digital-to-analog conversion module is used for providing corresponding reference voltages for each group of battery detection circuits under the control of the CPU module.
Each group of battery detection circuits are used for respectively acquiring the target voltage of each corresponding battery to be detected, transmitting the target voltage to the CPU module through the first sampling end when the first passage is conducted under the action of the target voltage, generating detection voltage based on the target voltage and the reference voltage when the first passage is disconnected under the action of the target voltage, and transmitting the detection voltage to the CPU module through the second sampling end.
The CPU module is used for sending out an alarm signal when judging that the battery to be detected which is electrically connected with the corresponding battery detection circuit is in an abnormal state under the condition that the detection voltage is larger than the corresponding reference voltage.
Compared with the prior art, in the battery detection device provided by the invention, each group of battery detection circuits can detect the connection condition of one battery to be detected, and for any group of battery detection circuits, after the battery detection circuits acquire the target voltage of the battery to be detected, if the first passage is conducted under the action of the target voltage, the battery connection at the moment can be considered to be accurate, no abnormal state exists, the target voltage received by the CPU module through the first sampling end of the analog-to-digital conversion module is also abnormal, the battery can normally supply power to the chip, and the battery can also be normally charged; if the first channel is turned off under the action of the target voltage, the CPU module cannot normally acquire the target signal through the first sampling end of the analog-to-digital conversion module, the battery detection circuit can generate detection voltage based on the abnormal target voltage and the abnormal target voltage after receiving the reference voltage and the abnormal target voltage, so that the detection voltage is transmitted to the CPU module through the second sampling end, the CPU module judges whether the battery to be detected has the reverse connection condition according to the detection voltage and the reference voltage after receiving the detection voltage, if the detection voltage is larger than the reference voltage, the CPU module can judge that the battery to be detected has the reverse connection condition indeed, and the CPU module can cut off the power supply channel of the battery to be detected and the chip or the charging channel of the battery to be detected.
In addition, as the battery detection circuits provided by the invention have a plurality of groups, when the detection result of one group of battery detection circuits is abnormal, the detection result of the other group of battery detection circuits is not influenced, the CPU module can confirm the specific position of the abnormal battery to be detected according to the collected information and send out alarm information in time, so that the time for checking the abnormal position is saved, the intervention processing speed of staff can be increased, the abnormal connection state of the battery to be detected can be corrected in time, and the safety and reliability of the battery management chip are further improved.
Therefore, the battery detection device provided by the invention can detect whether the external battery of the chip has the reverse connection condition or not, can timely find the reverse connection battery node position and timely send out alarm information, and further improves the safety and reliability of the battery management chip.
In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a battery detection method, which is applied to the battery detection device provided in the first aspect, where the battery detection method includes:
the digital-to-analog conversion module is controlled by the CPU module to respectively provide corresponding reference voltages for each group of battery detection circuits.
Each group of battery detection circuits respectively obtain the target voltage of each corresponding battery to be detected.
When the first channel is conducted under the action of the target voltage, the battery detection circuit transmits the target voltage to the CPU module through the first sampling end.
When the first channel is disconnected under the action of the target voltage, the battery detection circuit generates detection voltage based on the target voltage and the reference voltage, and the detection voltage is transmitted to the CPU module through the second sampling end.
And the CPU module sends out an alarm signal when judging that the battery to be detected which is electrically connected with the corresponding battery detection circuit is in an abnormal state under the condition that the detection voltage is larger than the corresponding reference voltage.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the battery detection method provided by the invention are the same as those of the battery detection device in the technical scheme, and the description is omitted here.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation on the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a battery detection device according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 (a) -2 (c) are schematic circuit diagrams of the first switch and the second switch in the embodiment of the invention.
Reference numerals:
a 1-battery detection circuit, a 2-analog-to-digital conversion module,
a 3-D/A conversion module, a 4-CPU module,
5-battery to be detected, 11-protection sub-circuit,
12-positive and negative connection detection sub-circuit, 111-overvoltage protection unit,
112-a first switching unit, 121-a forward/reverse connection detecting unit,
122-a second switching unit.
Detailed Description
In order to clearly describe the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention, in the embodiments of the present invention, the words "first", "second", etc. are used to distinguish the same item or similar items having substantially the same function and effect. For example, the first threshold and the second threshold are merely for distinguishing between different thresholds, and are not limited in order. It will be appreciated by those of skill in the art that the words "first," "second," and the like do not limit the amount and order of execution, and that the words "first," "second," and the like do not necessarily differ.
In the present invention, the words "exemplary" or "such as" are used to mean serving as an example, instance, or illustration. Any embodiment or design described herein as "exemplary" or "for example" should not be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "such as" is intended to present related concepts in a concrete fashion.
In the present invention, "at least one" means one or more, and "a plurality" means two or more. "and/or", describes an association relationship of an association object, and indicates that there may be three relationships, for example, a and/or B, and may indicate: a alone, a and B together, and B alone, wherein a, B may be singular or plural. The character "/" generally indicates that the context-dependent object is an "or" relationship. "at least one of" or the like means any combination of these items, including any combination of single item(s) or plural items(s). For example, at least one (one) of a, b or c may represent: a, b, c, a and b, a and c, b and c, or a, b and c, wherein a, b, c can be single or multiple.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a battery detection device, which is applied to a battery management chip, and the battery detection device includes a plurality of groups of battery detection circuits 1, an analog-to-digital conversion module 2, a digital-to-analog conversion module 3, and a CPU module 4. The first end of each group of battery detection circuits 1 is respectively and electrically connected with each corresponding battery 5 to be detected, the second end of each group of battery detection circuits 1 is respectively and electrically connected with the digital-to-analog conversion module 3, the first output end of each group of battery detection circuits 1 is respectively and electrically connected with the first sampling end A1 of the analog-to-digital conversion module 2 to form a plurality of first passages, the second output end of each group of battery detection circuits 1 is respectively and electrically connected with the second sampling end A2 of the analog-to-digital conversion module 2 to form a plurality of second passages, and the CPU module 4 is respectively and electrically connected with the analog-to-digital conversion module 2 and the digital-to-analog conversion module 3. The digital-to-analog conversion module 3 is configured to provide a corresponding reference voltage Verf to each group of the battery detection circuits 1 under the control of the CPU module 4. Each group of battery detection circuits 1 is configured to obtain a target voltage of each corresponding battery 5 to be detected respectively, and further configured to transmit the target voltage to the CPU module 4 through the first sampling terminal A1 when the first channel is turned on under the action of the target voltage, or generate a detection voltage V0 based on the target voltage and the reference voltage Verf when the first channel is turned off under the action of the target voltage, and transmit the detection voltage V0 to the CPU module 4 through the second sampling terminal A2. The CPU module 4 is configured to send an alarm signal when determining that the battery 5 to be detected electrically connected to the corresponding battery detection circuit 1 is in an abnormal state when the detection voltage V0 is greater than the corresponding reference voltage Verf.
According to the structure of the battery detection device, each group of battery detection circuits 1 can detect the connection condition of one battery 5 to be detected, and for any group of battery detection circuits 1, when the battery detection circuits 1 acquire the target voltage of the battery 5 to be detected, if the first passage is conducted under the action of the target voltage, the connection of the battery at the moment can be considered to be accurate, no abnormal state exists, and the target voltage received by the CPU module 4 through the first sampling end A1 of the analog-to-digital conversion module 2 is also abnormal, so that the battery can normally supply power to the chip and also can normally charge the battery; if the first channel is turned off under the action of the target voltage, at this time, the CPU module 4 cannot normally collect the target signal through the first sampling end A1 of the analog-to-digital conversion module 2, after the battery detection circuit 1 receives the reference voltage Verf and the abnormal target voltage, the detection voltage V0 can be generated based on the abnormal target voltage and the reference voltage Verf, so that the detection voltage V0 is transmitted to the CPU module 4 through the second sampling end A2, after the CPU module 4 receives the detection voltage V0, the CPU module 4 determines whether the battery 5 to be detected has the reverse connection according to the magnitudes of the detection voltage V0 and the reference voltage Verf, if the detection voltage V0 is greater than the reference voltage Verf, it can be determined that the battery 5 to be detected has the reverse connection indeed, and the CPU module 4 can cut off the power supply channel between the battery 5 to be detected and the chip and the charging channel of the battery 5 to be detected.
In addition, since the battery detection circuits 1 provided in the embodiment of the invention have a plurality of groups, when the detection result of one group of battery detection circuits 1 is abnormal, the detection result of the other group of battery detection circuits 1 is not influenced, the CPU module 4 can confirm the specific position of the abnormal battery 5 to be detected according to the collected information and send out alarm information in time, so that the time for checking the abnormal position is saved, the intervention processing speed of staff can be increased, the abnormal connection state of the battery 5 to be detected can be corrected in time, and the safety and reliability of the battery management chip are further improved.
Therefore, the battery detection device provided by the embodiment of the invention can detect whether the external battery of the chip has the reverse connection condition or not, can timely find the reverse connection battery node number position and timely send out alarm information, and further improves the safety and reliability of the battery management chip.
It should be understood that the number of the multiple sets of battery detection circuits 1 in the above embodiment should be consistent with the number of the to-be-detected batteries 5 or greater than the number of the to-be-detected batteries 5, so that the problem that the number of the battery detection circuits 1 is insufficient, the detection cannot be completed on all the to-be-detected batteries 5, and potential safety hazards may still exist is avoided, thereby ensuring that all the multiple to-be-detected batteries 5 externally connected with the chip are in a normal state, and ensuring the safety and reliability of the battery management chip.
It will be appreciated that the analog-to-digital conversion module 2 comprises at least one analog-to-digital conversion unit, wherein: when the analog-to-digital conversion module 2 comprises an analog-to-digital conversion unit, the output ends of the battery detection circuits 1 are all electrically connected with the CPU module 4 through the analog-to-digital conversion unit. When the analog-to-digital conversion module 2 comprises a plurality of analog-to-digital conversion units, the battery detection circuits 1 are correspondingly connected with the analog-to-digital conversion units, and the output ends of the battery detection circuits 1 are respectively and electrically connected with the CPU module 4 through each analog-to-digital conversion unit.
In practice, the analog-to-digital conversion unit is actually an analog-to-digital converter (Analog to Digital Conversion, ADC), and since the analog-to-digital conversion module 2 is mainly used for implementing sampling of the battery 5 to be detected, only one analog-to-digital converter may be provided when there are enough sampling channels of the analog-to-digital converter, the first output end of each group of battery detection circuits 1 is electrically connected with the corresponding first sampling end A1, the second output end of each group of battery detection circuits 1 is electrically connected with the corresponding second sampling end A2, and the switching of the sampling channels is implemented by the CPU module 4. When the number of the batteries 5 to be detected is large, the sampling channel of one analog-digital converter cannot meet the detection requirement of all the batteries 5 to be detected, a plurality of analog-digital converters can be arranged, each analog-digital converter is electrically connected with the corresponding battery detection circuit 1, and the switching of the sampling channel is realized by the CPU module 4.
Specifically, when the analog-to-digital converter can obtain the target voltage from the first sampling end A1, the analog-to-digital converter converts an analog signal of the target voltage into a digital signal, the digital signal is transmitted to the CPU module 4, the CPU module 4 can determine that the external battery 5 to be detected is in a normal state through calculation of the digital signal, and the CPU module 4 controls the system to operate normally. When the analog-to-digital converter cannot acquire the target voltage from the first sampling end A1, the CPU module 4 can control the analog-to-digital converter to switch the sampling channel, so that the battery detection circuit 1 can transmit the target voltage to the analog-to-digital converter through the second sampling end A2, the analog-to-digital converter converts the received target voltage into a digital signal and then outputs the digital signal to the CPU module 4, and the CPU module 4 calculates the received digital signal, so that the voltage parameter and the connection condition of the external battery 5 to be detected can be determined.
The digital-to-analog conversion module 3 may be a digital-to-analog converter (Digital to Analog Converter, DAC) for supplying the reference voltage Verf corresponding to the battery 5 to be detected to the battery detection circuit 1 under the control of the CPU module 4. When the CPU module 4 cannot acquire the target voltage through the first sampling end A1 of the analog-to-digital converter, the CPU module 4 can primarily determine that the external battery to be detected has an abnormal state, and at this time, the CPU module 4 can control the digital-to-analog converter to provide the battery detection circuit 1 with the reference voltage Verf corresponding to the battery to be detected 5, so that the CPU module 4 can make further determination based on the reference voltage Verf and the abnormal target voltage. Since the digital-to-analog converter is mainly used for providing the reference voltage Verf to the battery detection circuit 1 without considering the problem of switching the paths, in order to further save the circuit area of the battery detection device and save the hardware cost, the plurality of groups of battery detection circuits 1 can share one digital-to-analog converter, and when the magnitude of the reference voltage Verf needs to be changed, the configuration can be performed through the CPU module 4.
In one possible implementation, as shown in fig. 1, each set of battery detection circuits 1 includes a protection sub-circuit 11 and a positive-negative detection sub-circuit 12, in which: the input end of the protection sub-circuit 11 is electrically connected with the battery 5 to be detected, the first output end of the protection sub-circuit 11 is electrically connected with the first sampling end A1, and the second output end of the protection sub-circuit 11 is electrically connected with the second sampling end A2 through the positive and negative connection detection sub-circuit 12. The protection sub-circuit 11 is configured to transmit the target voltage to the CPU module 4 through the first sampling terminal A1 when the first path is on, and the protection sub-circuit 11 is further configured to transmit the target voltage to the positive and negative detection sub-circuit 12 when the first path is off. The output end of the forward and reverse connection detection sub-circuit 12 is electrically connected with the second sampling end A2 of the analog-to-digital conversion module 2, the input end of the forward and reverse connection detection sub-circuit 12 is also electrically connected with the digital-to-analog conversion module 3, the forward and reverse connection detection sub-circuit 12 is used for generating a detection voltage V0 based on the target voltage and the reference voltage Verf, and the detection voltage V0 is transmitted to the CPU module 4 through the second sampling end A2.
In specific implementation, taking one group of battery detection circuits 1 as an example, after the input end of the protection sub-circuit 11 is electrically connected with the battery 5 to be detected, a corresponding target voltage of the battery 5 to be detected can be obtained, when the first channel is conducted under the action of the target voltage, the protection sub-circuit 11 transmits the target voltage to the first acquisition end of the analog-to-digital conversion module 2 through the first channel, and after the CPU module 4 obtains the target voltage through the first acquisition end of the analog-to-digital conversion module 2, the CPU module 4 can determine that the target voltage is not abnormal, so that the control system operates normally.
When the first channel is disconnected under the action of the target voltage, the protection sub-circuit 11 transmits the target voltage to the positive and negative detection sub-circuit 12, the CPU module 4 controls the digital-to-analog conversion module 3 to provide the corresponding reference voltage Verf for the positive and negative detection sub-circuit 12, the positive and negative detection sub-circuit 12 generates the detection voltage V0 after receiving the reference voltage Verf and the target voltage, the detection voltage V0 is transmitted to the CPU module 4 through the second acquisition end of the analog-to-digital conversion module 2, the CPU module 4 can specifically judge whether the external battery 5 to be detected has the situation of reverse connection or not based on the detection voltage V0 and send out alarm information, and meanwhile, the detection voltage V0 can be continuously sampled through the second acquisition end of the analog-to-digital conversion module 2 so as to judge whether the situation of reverse connection has been removed or not in time.
In an alternative way, as shown in fig. 1, the protection sub-circuit 11 comprises an overvoltage protection unit 111 and a first switching unit 112, wherein: the first end of the overvoltage protection unit 111 is electrically connected with the battery 5 to be detected, and the second end of the overvoltage protection unit 111 is electrically connected with the analog-digital conversion module 2 and the positive and negative detection sub-circuit 12 through the first switch unit 112. When the first path is turned on, the overvoltage protection unit 111 transmits the target voltage to the analog-to-digital conversion module 2 through the first output terminal of the first switching unit 112. When the first path is opened, the overvoltage protection unit 111 transmits the target voltage to the positive and negative detection sub-circuit 12 through the second output terminal of the first switch unit 112.
Specifically, the overvoltage protection unit 111 is configured to protect a subsequent circuit from breakdown by a target voltage exceeding a threshold value, and control the first output terminal of the first switch unit 112 to be turned on or control the second output terminal of the first switch unit 112 to be turned on based on the received target voltage.
The operation of the protection sub-circuit 11 will be described in detail below in connection with the specific circuit configuration of the overvoltage protection unit 111 and the first switching unit 112.
As shown in fig. 1, the overvoltage protection unit 111 includes a first diode D1 and a second diode D2, wherein the positive electrode of the first diode D1 is electrically connected to the first end of the battery 5 to be detected, the negative electrode of the first diode D1 is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the second diode D2, and the positive electrode of the second diode D2 is electrically connected to the second end of the battery 5 to be detected. The positive pole of the first diode D1 is further electrically connected to the first switch unit 112 and the forward/reverse connection detection sub-circuit 12, the negative pole of the first diode D1 is further electrically connected to the first control terminal of the first switch unit 112, and the positive pole of the second diode D2 is further electrically connected to the second control terminal of the first switch unit 112 and the forward/reverse connection detection sub-circuit 12.
The first switch unit 112 includes a first P-type transistor MP1, a second P-type transistor MP2, and a first resistor R1, wherein: the grid electrode of the first P-type transistor MP1 is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the first diode D1, the positive electrode of the first diode D1, the source electrode of the first P-type transistor MP1 and the source electrode of the second P-type transistor MP2 are electrically connected with the positive and negative detection sub-circuit 12, the drain electrode of the first P-type transistor MP1 and the grid electrode of the second P-type transistor MP2 are electrically connected with the positive and negative detection sub-circuit 12 through a first resistor R1, and the drain electrode of the second P-type transistor MP2 is electrically connected with the first sampling end A1.
The first diode D1 and the second diode D2 are both zener diodes, and the transistors in the first switch unit 112 are P-type transistors, i.e. the P-type transistors are turned on when the gate voltage is smaller than the source voltage, and are turned off when the gate voltage is greater than or equal to the source voltage.
In practice, the first switch unit 112 further includes a drain resistor, and the drain of the second P-type transistor MP2 is electrically connected to the first sampling end A1 of the analog-to-digital conversion module 2 through the drain resistor R10, where the drain resistor R10 is used to limit the current of the battery 5 to be detected passing through the second P-type transistor MP2 instantaneously, so that the analog-to-digital conversion module 2 at the subsequent stage can avoid the impact of the current, and further improve the safety of the battery detection device.
In particular, when the external battery 5 to be detected is normally connected, the gate voltage of the first P-type transistor MP1 cannot be conducted to the first P-type transistor MP1 based on the presence of the first diode D1 and the second diode D2, at this time, the source voltage of the first P-type transistor MP1 and the source voltage of the second P-type transistor MP2 are both similar to the positive voltage of the battery 5 to be detected, and the drain voltage of the first P-type transistor MP1 and the gate voltage of the second P-type transistor MP2 are both smaller than the source voltage of the second P-type transistor MP2 based on the presence of the first resistor R1, so that the second P-type transistor MP2 can be conducted, and then the target voltage of the battery 5 to be detected can be transmitted to the first sampling end A1 of the analog-to-digital conversion module 2 through the second P-type transistor MP2, and then to the CPU module 4, and when the received target voltage is determined to be normal, the CPU module 4 controls the normal operation of the system.
When the external battery 5 to be detected is connected in the forward direction, but an overvoltage condition exists, the target voltage breaks down the second diode D2 in the reverse direction, so that a path can be formed between the first diode D1 and the second diode D2, at this time, the gate voltage of the first P-type transistor MP1 is lower than the source voltage of the first P-type transistor MP1, the first P-type transistor MP1 is turned on, so that the voltage difference between the source voltage and the drain voltage is close to 0V (volt), the second P-type transistor MP2 is turned off because the gate voltage is equal to the source voltage, and the target voltage cannot be transmitted to the first sampling end A1 of the analog-to-digital conversion module 2 through the first path, so that the analog-to-digital conversion module 2 and the subsequent circuit can be protected from high voltage impact. At this time, the protection sub-circuit 11 transmits the abnormal target voltage to the forward/reverse detection sub-circuit 12.
When the external battery 5 to be detected is reversely connected, the positive electrode of the battery 5 to be detected is electrically connected with the gate electrode of the second P-type transistor MP2 through the first resistor R1, the negative electrode of the battery 5 to be detected is electrically connected with the source electrode of the second P-type transistor MP2, the second P-type transistor MP2 is turned off because the gate voltage is equal to the source voltage, and likewise, the target voltage cannot be transmitted to the first sampling end A1 of the analog-digital conversion module 2 through the first path, and at this time, the protection sub-circuit 11 can also transmit the abnormal target voltage to the forward-reverse connection detection sub-circuit 12.
In an alternative manner, as shown in fig. 1, the positive-negative detection sub-circuit 12 includes a positive-negative detection unit 121 and a second switch unit 122, wherein: the protection sub-circuit 11 is electrically connected to the forward/reverse connection detection unit 121 through the second switch unit 122. The first output end of the second switch unit 122 is electrically connected with the first input end of the positive and negative connection detection unit 121, the second output end of the second switch unit 122 is electrically connected with the second input end of the positive and negative connection detection unit 121, the control end of the second switch unit 122 is electrically connected with the CPU module 4, the digital-to-analog conversion module 3 is electrically connected with the positive and negative connection detection unit 121, and the output end of the positive and negative connection detection unit 121 is electrically connected with the second sampling end A2. When the first path is disconnected under the action of the target voltage, the CPU module 4 controls the second switch unit 122 to be turned on, the protection sub-circuit 11 is used for transmitting the target voltage to the positive-negative connection detection unit 121 through the second switch unit 122, and the positive-negative connection detection unit 121 is used for providing the detection voltage V0 to the second sampling terminal A2 based on the target voltage and the reference voltage Verf.
Specifically, the protection sub-circuit 11 is electrically connected to the forward/reverse connection detection unit 121 through the second switch unit 122, the second switch unit 122 receives the control of the CPU module 4, and when the CPU module 4 cannot receive the target voltage from the first sampling end A1 of the analog-to-digital conversion module 2, the CPU module 4 can control the second switch unit 122 to be turned on, so that the protection sub-circuit 11 can transmit the target voltage to the forward/reverse connection detection unit 121 through the second switch unit 122.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the second switch unit 122 includes a first switch SW1 and a second switch SW2, the first end of the first switch SW1 and the first end of the second switch SW2 are electrically connected to the second output end of the protection sub-circuit 11, the second end of the first switch SW1 is electrically connected to the first input end of the positive and negative detection unit 121, the second end of the second switch SW2 is electrically connected to the second input end of the positive and negative detection unit 121, and the control end of the first switch SW1 and the control end of the second switch SW2 are electrically connected to the CPU module 4.
In practice, the circuit structures of the first switch SW1 and the second switch SW2 are the same, and fig. 2 (a) illustrates an equivalent circuit diagram of the first switch SW1 and the second switch SW2, wherein when the switch SW is turned On by the control signal On/Off, a signal of the input terminal In may be transmitted to the output terminal Out, and the actual circuit diagram may be as shown In fig. 2 (b) or fig. 2 (c).
For example, the first switch SW1 and the second switch SW2 may each be composed of a gate resistor and an N-type field effect transistor MN1, the gate of the N-type field effect transistor MN1 is electrically connected to the CPU module 4 through the gate resistor, the N-type field effect transistor MN1 is controlled by a control signal On/Off sent by the CPU module 4, and the N-type field effect transistor MN1 may be turned On or Off under the control of the CPU module 4. When the N-type field effect transistor MN1 is turned on, a signal inputted from the drain thereof can be transmitted to the source.
For another example, the first switch SW1 and the second switch SW2 may be both composed of a base resistor and a triode Q1, where the base of the triode Q1 is electrically connected to the CPU module 4 through the base resistor, the triode Q1 is controlled by a control signal On/Off sent by the CPU module 4, the triode Q1 may be turned On or Off under the control of the CPU module 4, and when the triode Q1 is turned On, a signal input by the collector may be transmitted to the emitter.
It can be understood that, when the first switch SW1 and the second switch SW2 include the N-type field effect transistor MN1, the control signal sent by the CPU module 4 is a voltage signal, and when the first switch SW1 and the second switch SW2 include the transistor Q1, the control signal sent by the CPU module 4 is a current signal.
As shown in fig. 1, the forward/reverse connection detecting unit 121 includes a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7, an eighth resistor R8, a ninth resistor R9, and an operational amplifier OPA, wherein: the second end of the first switch SW1 is electrically connected to the negative input end of the operational amplifier OPA through the first ends of the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3 and the fifth resistor R5 in sequence. The second end of the second switch SW2 is electrically connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier OPA through the second ends of the fourth resistor R4, the third resistor R3 and the sixth resistor R6 in sequence. The negative input terminal of the operational amplifier OPA is electrically connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier OPA through a seventh resistor R7. The digital-to-analog conversion module 3 is electrically connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier OPA through an eighth resistor R8. The output terminal of the operational amplifier OPA is also electrically connected to the second sampling terminal A2 through a ninth resistor R9.
The fifth resistor R5 and the sixth resistor R6 have equal resistance values, the seventh resistor R7 and the eighth resistor R8 have equal resistance values, the On and Off of the first switch SW1 is controlled by the On/off_n1 signal of the CPU module 4, and the On and Off of the second switch SW2 is controlled by the On/off_p1 signal of the CPU module 4.
In particular, when the second switch unit 122 is turned on under the control of the CPU module, it means that the external battery 5 to be detected is in an abnormal state, that is, the external battery 5 to be detected is connected in a forward direction, but there is an overvoltage condition, or the external battery 5 to be detected is connected in a reverse direction, at this time, the forward-reverse connection detecting unit 121 passes through the voltage division of the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4, so that the voltage difference between the two ends of the third resistor R3 can be respectively input to the negative phase input end and the positive phase input end of the operational amplifier OPA through the fifth resistor R5 and the sixth resistor R6, and meanwhile, the positive phase input end of the operational amplifier OPA also receives the reference voltage Verf provided by the digital-analog converter module, and finally the operational amplifier OPA generates the detection voltage V0, and the detection voltage V0 is transmitted to the second sampling end A2 of the analog-digital conversion module 2 through the ninth resistor R9, and then the detection voltage V0 is transmitted to the CPU module 4, and the CPU module 4 can determine the abnormal state of the external battery 5 based on the detection voltage V0.
The CPU module 4 determines the connection state of the battery 5 to be detected by comparing the detection voltage V0 with the reference voltage Vref. For example, when the detection voltage V0 is less than or equal to the reference voltage Vref, the CPU module 4 may determine that the battery 5 to be detected is in the positive connection state; when the detection voltage V0 is greater than the reference voltage Vref, the CPU module 4 may determine that the battery 5 to be detected is in the reverse connection state.
Further, when the detected voltage V0 is less than or equal to the reference voltage Vref but greater than or equal to the preset threshold voltage, it may be determined that the battery 5 to be detected has an overvoltage condition although it is forward connected; when the detected voltage V0 is less than or equal to the reference voltage Vref and less than the preset threshold voltage, it can be determined that the abnormal state of the battery 5 to be detected has been processed, the battery 5 to be detected has been restored to normal at this time, and normal operation can be continued. It should be understood that the above threshold voltage is a rated voltage of the battery during normal operation, and should be matched with the relevant parameters of the battery 5 to be detected, which is not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
It should be noted that, after the CPU module 4 sends out the alarm signal, before the abnormal state is cleared, the CPU module 4 may still continue to sample the target voltage of the battery 5 to be detected, and continuously send out the alarm information, so as to confirm whether the abnormal state of the battery is safely cleared, and if the abnormal state still exists, the CPU module 4 may continuously send out the alarm information until the abnormal state is cleared.
Similarly, as shown in fig. 1, the overvoltage protection unit 111 corresponding to the nth battery 5 to be detected includes voltage stabilizing diodes Dn1 and Dn2, the first switch unit 112 corresponding to the nth battery 5 to be detected includes a P-type transistor MPn1, a P-type transistor MPn2, and an nth first resistor Rn1, and the P-type transistor MPn2 in the nth battery 5 to be detected is electrically connected to the first sampling end A1 of the analog-to-digital conversion module 2 through an nth drain resistor Rn10, the second switch unit 122 corresponding to the nth battery 5 to be detected includes control switches SWn1 and SWn2, and the detection principle of the nth battery is the same as that described in the foregoing embodiment, which is not repeated herein.
In summary, the battery detection device provided by the embodiment of the invention can accurately detect and alarm whether the battery is reversely connected or not, whether the reversely connected battery is correctly removed or not, and the number of the reversely connected battery is positioned. Meanwhile, the channels of the second switch unit 122 and the analog-to-digital conversion module 2 of each group of battery detection circuits 1 are switched, so that the abnormality of any battery can be input to the analog-to-digital conversion module 2 and then output to the CPU module 4, and the CPU module 4 is combined with the reference voltage Vref configured by the digital-to-analog conversion module 3 to perform operation comparison, so that the positive and negative connection of the detected battery and whether overvoltage is caused or not are finally realized, and all detection and alarm of the 1 st battery to the n battery can be completed.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a battery detection method, which is applied to the battery detection device provided by the embodiment, and comprises the following steps:
the digital-to-analog conversion module is controlled by the CPU module to respectively provide corresponding reference voltages for each group of battery detection circuits.
Each group of battery detection circuits respectively obtain the target voltage of each corresponding battery to be detected.
When the first channel is conducted under the action of the target voltage, the battery detection circuit transmits the target voltage to the CPU module through the first sampling end.
When the first channel is disconnected under the action of the target voltage, the battery detection circuit generates detection voltage based on the target voltage and the reference voltage, and the detection voltage is transmitted to the CPU module through the second sampling end.
And the CPU module sends out an alarm signal when judging that the battery to be detected which is electrically connected with the corresponding battery detection circuit is in an abnormal state under the condition that the detection voltage is larger than the corresponding reference voltage.
Compared with the prior art, the battery detection method provided by the embodiment of the invention has the same beneficial effects as the battery detection device in the above embodiment, and is not repeated here.
Although the invention is described herein in connection with various embodiments, other variations to the disclosed embodiments can be understood and effected by those skilled in the art in practicing the claimed invention, from a study of the drawings, the disclosure, and the appended claims. In the claims, the word "comprising" does not exclude other elements or steps, and the "a" or "an" does not exclude a plurality. A single processor or other unit may fulfill the functions of several items recited in the claims. The mere fact that certain measures are recited in mutually different dependent claims does not indicate that a combination of these measures cannot be used to advantage.
Although the invention has been described in connection with specific features and embodiments thereof, it will be apparent that various modifications and combinations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the specification and drawings are merely exemplary illustrations of the present invention as defined in the appended claims and are considered to cover any and all modifications, variations, combinations, or equivalents that fall within the scope of the invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. The battery detection device is applied to a battery management chip and is characterized by comprising a plurality of groups of battery detection circuits, an analog-to-digital conversion module, a digital-to-analog conversion module and a CPU module;
the first end of each group of battery detection circuits is respectively and electrically connected with each corresponding battery to be detected, the second end of each group of battery detection circuits is respectively and electrically connected with the digital-to-analog conversion module, the first output end of each group of battery detection circuits is respectively and electrically connected with the first sampling end of the analog-to-digital conversion module to form a plurality of first passages, the second output end of each group of battery detection circuits is respectively and electrically connected with the second sampling end of the analog-to-digital conversion module to form a plurality of second passages, and the CPU module is respectively and electrically connected with the analog-to-digital conversion module and the digital-to-analog conversion module;
The digital-to-analog conversion module is used for providing corresponding reference voltages for each group of battery detection circuits under the control of the CPU module;
each group of battery detection circuits are used for respectively acquiring the target voltage of each corresponding battery to be detected, transmitting the target voltage to the CPU module through the first sampling end when the first passage is conducted under the action of the target voltage, generating detection voltage based on the target voltage and the reference voltage when the first passage is disconnected under the action of the target voltage, and transmitting the detection voltage to the CPU module through the second sampling end;
and the CPU module is used for sending out an alarm signal when judging that the battery to be detected electrically connected with the corresponding battery detection circuit is in an abnormal state under the condition that the detection voltage is larger than the corresponding reference voltage.
2. The battery detection apparatus of claim 1, wherein each set of the battery detection circuits comprises a protection sub-circuit and a positive-negative detection sub-circuit, wherein:
the input end of the protection sub-circuit is electrically connected with the battery to be detected, the first output end of the protection sub-circuit is electrically connected with the first sampling end, the second output end of the protection sub-circuit is electrically connected with the second sampling end through the positive and negative detection sub-circuit, the protection sub-circuit is used for transmitting the target voltage to the CPU module through the first sampling end when the first passage is conducted, and the protection sub-circuit is also used for transmitting the target voltage to the positive and negative detection sub-circuit when the first passage is disconnected;
The output end of the positive and negative detection sub-circuit is electrically connected with the second sampling end of the analog-to-digital conversion module, the input end of the positive and negative detection sub-circuit is also electrically connected with the digital-to-analog conversion module, and the positive and negative detection sub-circuit is used for generating the detection voltage based on the target voltage and the reference voltage and transmitting the detection voltage to the CPU module through the second sampling end.
3. The battery detection device of claim 2, wherein the protection sub-circuit comprises an overvoltage protection unit and a first switching unit, wherein:
the first end of the overvoltage protection unit is electrically connected with the battery to be detected, and the second end of the overvoltage protection unit is electrically connected with the analog-to-digital conversion module and the positive and negative detection sub-circuit through the first switch unit respectively;
when the first channel is conducted, the overvoltage protection unit transmits the target voltage to the analog-to-digital conversion module through a first output end of the first switch unit;
when the first channel is disconnected, the overvoltage protection unit transmits the target voltage to the positive and negative connection detection sub-circuit through the second output end of the first switch unit.
4. The battery detection device according to claim 3, wherein the overvoltage protection unit includes a first diode and a second diode, an anode of the first diode is electrically connected to a first end of the battery to be detected, a cathode of the first diode is electrically connected to a cathode of the second diode, and an anode of the second diode is electrically connected to a second end of the battery to be detected;
the positive pole of the first diode is further electrically connected with the first switch unit and the positive and negative connection detection sub-circuit, the negative pole of the first diode is further electrically connected with the first control end of the first switch unit, and the positive pole of the second diode is further electrically connected with the second control end of the first switch unit and the positive and negative connection detection sub-circuit.
5. The battery detection device of claim 4, wherein the first switching unit comprises a first P-type transistor, a second P-type transistor, and a first resistor, wherein:
the grid electrode of the first P-type transistor is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the first diode, the positive electrode of the first diode, the source electrode of the first P-type transistor and the source electrode of the second P-type transistor are electrically connected with the positive and negative detection sub-circuit, the drain electrode of the first P-type transistor and the grid electrode of the second P-type transistor are electrically connected with the positive and negative detection sub-circuit through the first resistor, and the drain electrode of the second P-type transistor is electrically connected with the first sampling end.
6. The battery detection apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the positive-negative detection sub-circuit includes a positive-negative detection unit and a second switching unit, wherein:
the protection sub-circuit is electrically connected with the positive and negative detection unit through the second switch unit;
the first output end of the second switch unit is electrically connected with the first input end of the positive and negative detection unit, the second output end of the second switch unit is electrically connected with the second input end of the positive and negative detection unit, the control end of the second switch unit is electrically connected with the CPU module, the digital-to-analog conversion module is electrically connected with the positive and negative detection unit, and the output end of the positive and negative detection unit is electrically connected with the second sampling end;
when the first channel is disconnected under the action of the target voltage, the CPU module controls the second switch unit to be conducted, the protection sub-circuit is used for transmitting the target voltage to the positive and negative detection unit through the second switch unit, and the positive and negative detection unit is used for providing the detection voltage for the second sampling end based on the target voltage and the reference voltage.
7. The battery detection device according to claim 6, wherein the second switch unit includes a first switch and a second switch, the first end of the first switch and the first end of the second switch are electrically connected to the second output end of the protection sub-circuit, the second end of the first switch is electrically connected to the first input end of the positive-negative detection unit, the second end of the second switch is electrically connected to the second input end of the positive-negative detection unit, and the control end of the first switch and the control end of the second switch are electrically connected to the CPU module.
8. The battery detection device according to claim 7, wherein the positive-negative detection unit includes a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor, a ninth resistor, and an operational amplifier, wherein:
the second end of the first switch is electrically connected with the negative-phase input end of the operational amplifier through the second resistor, the first end of the third resistor and the fifth resistor in sequence;
the second end of the second switch is electrically connected with the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier through the second end of the fourth resistor, the second end of the third resistor and the sixth resistor in sequence;
The negative phase input end of the operational amplifier is electrically connected with the output end of the operational amplifier through the seventh resistor;
the digital-to-analog conversion module is electrically connected with the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier through the eighth resistor;
and the output end of the operational amplifier is also electrically connected with the second sampling end through the ninth resistor.
9. The battery detection device of claim 1, wherein the analog-to-digital conversion module comprises at least one analog-to-digital conversion unit, wherein:
when the analog-to-digital conversion module comprises one analog-to-digital conversion unit, the output ends of the battery detection circuits are electrically connected with the CPU module through the analog-to-digital conversion units;
when the analog-to-digital conversion module comprises a plurality of analog-to-digital conversion units, a plurality of groups of battery detection circuits are correspondingly connected with the analog-to-digital conversion units, and the output ends of the plurality of groups of battery detection circuits are respectively and electrically connected with the CPU module through each analog-to-digital conversion unit.
10. A battery detection method, characterized in that it is applied to the battery detection device of any one of claims 1 to 9, and the battery detection method includes:
The digital-to-analog conversion module is controlled by the CPU module to respectively provide corresponding reference voltages for each group of battery detection circuits;
each group of battery detection circuits respectively acquire the target voltage of each corresponding battery to be detected;
when the first channel is conducted under the action of the target voltage, the battery detection circuit transmits the target voltage to the CPU module through the first sampling end;
when the first passage is disconnected under the action of the target voltage, the battery detection circuit generates a detection voltage based on the target voltage and the reference voltage, and the detection voltage is transmitted to the CPU module through the second sampling end;
and the CPU module sends out an alarm signal when judging that the battery to be detected electrically connected with the corresponding battery detection circuit is in an abnormal state under the condition that the detection voltage is larger than the corresponding reference voltage.
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