CN116496073B - Blank pug for extrusion molding of cup lugs - Google Patents
Blank pug for extrusion molding of cup lugs Download PDFInfo
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- CN116496073B CN116496073B CN202310550611.2A CN202310550611A CN116496073B CN 116496073 B CN116496073 B CN 116496073B CN 202310550611 A CN202310550611 A CN 202310550611A CN 116496073 B CN116496073 B CN 116496073B
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- carbon fiber
- oxide
- extrusion molding
- pug
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- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium oxide Chemical compound [Ba]=O QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoyttriooxy)yttrium Chemical compound O=[Y]O[Y]=O SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910021586 Nickel(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ni]Cl QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000363 nickel(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000005069 ears Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 241001408630 Chloroclystis Species 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007569 slipcasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/36—Reinforced clay-wares
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/628—Coating the powders or the macroscopic reinforcing agents
- C04B35/62844—Coating fibres
- C04B35/62876—Coating fibres with metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/12—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of nickel or cobalt
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/54—Electroplating of non-metallic surfaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D7/00—Electroplating characterised by the article coated
- C25D7/06—Wires; Strips; Foils
- C25D7/0607—Wires
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3205—Alkaline earth oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. beryllium oxide
- C04B2235/3206—Magnesium oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3205—Alkaline earth oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. beryllium oxide
- C04B2235/3215—Barium oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3217—Aluminum oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. bauxite, alpha-alumina
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3224—Rare earth oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. scandium oxide
- C04B2235/3225—Yttrium oxide or oxide-forming salts thereof
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/327—Iron group oxides, their mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof
- C04B2235/3272—Iron oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. hematite, magnetite
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3418—Silicon oxide, silicic acids, or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. silica sol, fused silica, silica fume, cristobalite, quartz or flint
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
- C04B2235/3463—Alumino-silicates other than clay, e.g. mullite
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
- C04B2235/52—Constituents or additives characterised by their shapes
- C04B2235/5208—Fibers
- C04B2235/5216—Inorganic
- C04B2235/524—Non-oxidic, e.g. borides, carbides, silicides or nitrides
- C04B2235/5248—Carbon, e.g. graphite
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
- Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
- Producing Shaped Articles From Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a blank pug for extrusion molding of a cup ear, which belongs to the technical field of ceramic pugs and comprises, by mass, 25-35 parts of kaolin, 17-18 parts of quartz, 15-20 parts of bentonite, 10-15 parts of aluminum silicate, 3-5 parts of coated short carbon fibers, 0.3-1.2 parts of ferric oxide, 1-3 parts of magnesium oxide, 0.5-2 parts of yttrium oxide, 0.3-1.5 parts of aluminum oxide and 0.1-1.5 parts of barium oxide; spray drying after the raw materials are uniformly mixed, wherein the coated short carbon fiber is beneficial to increasing the strength of the cup ear; the dimethylbenzene is a strong polar solvent, so that particles and oleic acid in the premix are uniformly dispersed, the oleic acid is uniformly adsorbed on the surfaces of the particles, the friction coefficient between the particles is reduced, the occurrence of agglomeration is avoided, the fluidity of raw materials is increased, the extrusion molding of green body pug is facilitated, the generation of bubbles and cracks is prevented, and the yield of ceramic appliances is guaranteed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ceramic cement, and particularly relates to a green body pug for extrusion molding of a cup ear.
Background
Ceramics are a general term for pottery and porcelain, and common ceramic materials include clay, alumina, kaolin, and the like. Ceramic materials are generally harder but have poorer plasticity. In addition to being used for foodstuff and decoration, ceramics play an important role in the development of science and technology. The ceramic raw material is prepared by extracting a large amount of original resource clay of the earth. The clay has the properties of toughness, is moldable at normal temperature when meeting water, is slightly dry and carved, and is fully dry and grindable; the ceramic can be filled with water after being burned to 700 ℃; when fired to 1230 ℃, the ceramic material is porcelain, can hardly absorb water, and is high-temperature resistant and corrosion resistant.
Ceramic devices for decoration generally have rich shapes and are yellow, green, black, blue and the like after being glazed on the surface. For mass production, the tool with the cup ear generally needs to squeeze and shape the blank pugs of the cup ear in batches, the blank pugs are prepared from different raw materials, the component content and granularity of the blank pugs meet the specified proportion and requirement, otherwise, the blank pugs cannot be molded or cannot be burned into specified tools. The blank mud is suitable for raw material matching, and is required to be fully mixed, stirred and humidified uniformly, the blank mud is insufficiently mixed or humidified unevenly, the forming capability is low, the phenomenon of uneven blank structure can be caused, and cracks are easy to occur.
The preparation of the blank mud is divided into three types, namely the preparation of blank mud for plastic forming, the preparation of slurry for grouting forming and the preparation of blank mud for dry pressing forming, wherein the grouting forming is to inject the slurry consisting of ceramic particles and solvent into a porous mold with absorbability, such as a plaster mold, and the capillary force of the porous mold is utilized to absorb the solvent in the slurry so that the slurry is slowly solidified in the mold for forming; the slip casting technology is widely applied to ceramic production; the dry pressing method has the advantages of simple process, convenient operation, convenient automatic production and the like, but the blank mud is easier to generate the problems of uneven density and the like, cracks are easy to generate, the yield of formed cup ear blanks is low, flaws are easy to expand after the cup ear blanks are spliced and fired with ceramic devices, and the production of the ceramic devices is not facilitated, so that the blank mud for cup ear extrusion molding is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a blank pug for extrusion molding of a cup ear so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme:
the blank pug for extrusion molding of the cup lugs comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
25-35 parts of kaolin, 17-18 parts of quartz, 15-20 parts of bentonite, 10-15 parts of aluminum silicate, 3-5 parts of coated short carbon fiber, 0.3-1.2 parts of ferric oxide, 1-3 parts of magnesium oxide, 0.5-2 parts of yttrium oxide, 0.3-1.5 parts of aluminum oxide and 0.1-1.5 parts of barium oxide.
Further, the coated short carbon fiber is prepared by the following steps:
step S1: placing carbon fiber filaments in a vacuum sintering furnace, preserving heat at 400-450 ℃ for 5-10min, removing glue from the carbon fibers, immersing the carbon fibers after glue removal in mixed acid solution, and immersing at 20-30 ℃ for 40-60min to obtain pretreated carbon fibers;
step S2: immersing the pretreated carbon fiber in an electroplating bath, taking the pretreated carbon fiber as a cathode, taking a nickel sheet as an anode, and introducing an electroplating solution into the bath at a speed of 0.4-0.6A/dm 2 Electroplating for 5-8min under the current density to enable a nickel metal film to be attached to the surface of the pretreated carbon fiber, so as to obtain a coated carbon fiber; crushing the coated carbon fiber into coated short carbon fiber with the length of 0.5-1 mm.
Further, the preparation method of the mixed acid liquid comprises the following steps: nitric acid solution with a molar concentration of 8mol/L and sulfuric acid solution with a molar concentration of 18mol/L are mixed according to a ratio of 7:3, mixing the mixture in a volume ratio to obtain the mixed acid liquid.
Further, the plating solution comprises deionized water, nickel sulfate, nickel chloride, sodium dodecyl sulfate and boric acid, and the dosage ratio of the deionized water to the nickel sulfate to the nickel chloride to the sodium dodecyl sulfate to the boric acid is 1L:220-230g:40-45g:0.2-0.5g:40-45g.
The blank pug for extrusion molding of the cup lugs is prepared through the following steps:
step one: mixing quartz, aluminum silicate, ferric oxide, yttrium oxide, aluminum oxide and barium oxide in proportion to obtain mixed powder, and then mixing the mixed powder, deionized water, lactic acid and aluminum oxide grinding balls according to a ratio of 1:2:0.1-0.2:2, adding lactic acid serving as a dispersing agent into a ball milling tank, ball milling for 2-4 hours under the condition of 280-300r/min, filtering and discharging to obtain premix;
step two: stirring premix, dimethylbenzene and lubricant at 100-105 ℃ for 1-2h, centrifuging at 1800-2000r/min, and vacuum drying the precipitate at 80 ℃ to obtain modified premix;
step three: adding kaolin and bentonite into a ball mill, adding deionized water with equal mass, ball milling and mixing for 2-4 hours, sieving with a 120-mesh sieve, and discharging to obtain slurry; shearing and mixing the slurry, the coated short carbon fiber and the modified premix for 30-60min under the condition of 300-500r/min, and adding water to adjust the solid content to 40-50% in the shearing process to obtain slurry; and (3) spray-drying the slurry by using a high-speed centrifugal atomizer to obtain the blank pug for extrusion molding of the cup ear.
Further, the usage ratio of premix, xylene and lubricant was 100g:100-120mL:10-13mL.
Further, the lubricant is oleic acid.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the slurry for the cup ear extrusion molding green body is spray-dried particles, raw materials are uniformly mixed, the cup ear extrusion molding is facilitated, no crack is generated after firing, and the yield of ceramic appliances is guaranteed. The kaolin is used as a main raw material, has high whiteness and high viscosity, is beneficial to shaping of the cup ear blank, and the aluminum silicate adjusts the composition of the blank pug; the quartz is helpful for reducing the shrinkage rate, and the bentonite is helpful for increasing the plasticity of the blank pug; the surface of the coated short carbon fiber is coated with a metal nickel film, so that the compatibility of the coated short carbon fiber is improved, the uniformity of the coated short carbon fiber and the other raw materials is higher, the color of the carbon fiber is covered, and the whiteness of the cup ear is kept; the coated short carbon fiber can be uniformly mixed with other raw materials without ball milling, so that the weakening of the strength of the cup lugs due to the too short length of the coated short carbon fiber is avoided; the ferric oxide is helpful for accelerating the firing and shaping; the yttrium oxide and the magnesium oxide play a role in fluxing, so that the fired green body is more compact, and the aluminum oxide and the barium oxide are beneficial to increasing the wear resistance of the cup lugs; the dimethylbenzene is a strong polar solvent, so that particles and oleic acid in the premix are uniformly dispersed, the oleic acid is uniformly adsorbed on the surfaces of the particles, the friction coefficient between the particles is reduced, the occurrence of agglomeration is avoided, the fluidity of raw materials is increased, the extrusion molding of green body pug is facilitated, and bubbles and cracks are prevented.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a coated short carbon fiber, comprising the following implementation steps:
step S1: nitric acid solution with a molar concentration of 8mol/L and sulfuric acid solution with a molar concentration of 18mol/L are mixed according to a ratio of 7:3, mixing the mixture in a volume ratio to obtain mixed acid liquid; placing carbon fiber filaments in a vacuum sintering furnace, preserving heat at 400 ℃ for 5min, removing glue from the carbon fibers, immersing the carbon fibers after glue removal in mixed acid solution, and immersing at 20 ℃ for 40min to obtain pretreated carbon fibers;
step S2:1000L of deionized water, 220kg of nickel sulfate, 40kg of nickel chloride, 0.2kg of sodium dodecyl sulfate and 40kg of boric acid are stirred and mixed to obtain a plating solution; immersing the pretreated carbon fiber in an electroplating bath, taking the pretreated carbon fiber as a cathode, taking a nickel sheet as an anode, and introducing an electroplating solution into the bath at a speed of 0.4A/dm 2 Electroplating for 5min under the current density, so that a nickel metal film is attached to the surface of the pretreated carbon fiber to obtain a coated carbon fiber; crushing the coated carbon fiber into coated short carbon fiber with the length of 0.5-1 mm.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a coated short carbon fiber, comprising the following implementation steps:
step S1: nitric acid solution with a molar concentration of 8mol/L and sulfuric acid solution with a molar concentration of 18mol/L are mixed according to a ratio of 7:3, mixing the mixture in a volume ratio to obtain mixed acid liquid; placing carbon fiber filaments in a vacuum sintering furnace, preserving heat at 420 ℃ for 8min, removing glue from the carbon fibers, immersing the carbon fibers after glue removal in mixed acid solution, and immersing for 50min at 25 ℃ to obtain pretreated carbon fibers;
step S2: 1000L of deionized water, 225kg of nickel sulfate, 42kg of nickel chloride, 0.3kg of sodium dodecyl sulfate and 42kg of boric acid are stirred and mixed to obtain a plating solution; immersing the pretreated carbon fiber in an electroplating bath, taking the pretreated carbon fiber as a cathode, taking a nickel sheet as an anode, and introducing an electroplating solution into the bath at 0.5A/dm 2 Electroplating for 6min under the current density, so that a nickel metal film is attached to the surface of the pretreated carbon fiber to obtain a coated carbon fiber; crushing the coated carbon fiber into coated short carbon fiber with the length of 0.5-1 mm.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a coated short carbon fiber, comprising the following implementation steps:
step S1: nitric acid solution with a molar concentration of 8mol/L and sulfuric acid solution with a molar concentration of 18mol/L are mixed according to a ratio of 7:3, mixing the mixture in a volume ratio to obtain mixed acid liquid; placing carbon fiber filaments in a vacuum sintering furnace, preserving heat at 450 ℃ for 10min, removing glue from the carbon fibers, immersing the carbon fibers after glue removal in mixed acid solution, and immersing at 30 ℃ for 60min to obtain pretreated carbon fibers;
step S2: 1000L of deionized water, 230kg of nickel sulfate, 45kg of nickel chloride, 0.5kg of sodium dodecyl sulfate and 45kg of boric acid are stirred and mixed to obtain a plating solution; immersing the pretreated carbon fiber in an electroplating bath, taking the pretreated carbon fiber as a cathode, taking a nickel sheet as an anode, and introducing an electroplating solution into the bath at a speed of 0.6A/dm 2 Electroplating for 8min under the current density, so that a nickel metal film is attached to the surface of the pretreated carbon fiber to obtain a coated carbon fiber; crushing the coated carbon fiber into coated short carbon fiber with the length of 0.5-1 mm.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a blank pug for extrusion molding of a cup ear, which comprises the following implementation steps:
step one: 170kg of quartz, 100kg of aluminum silicate, 3kg of ferric oxide, 5kg of yttrium oxide, 3kg of aluminum oxide and 1kg of barium oxide are stirred and mixed to obtain mixed powder, and then the mixed powder, deionized water, lactic acid and aluminum oxide grinding balls are mixed according to a ratio of 1:2:0.1:2, adding the mixture into a ball milling tank according to the mass ratio, ball milling for 2 hours under the condition of 280r/min by using lactic acid as a dispersing agent, and filtering and discharging to obtain premix;
step two: stirring the premix in the first step, 874L of dimethylbenzene and 87.4L of oleic acid for 1h at 100 ℃, centrifuging at 1800r/min, and vacuum drying the precipitate at 80 ℃ to obtain a modified premix;
step three: adding 250kg of kaolin and 150kg of bentonite into a ball mill, adding 400kg of deionized water, ball milling and mixing for 2 hours, sieving with a 120-mesh sieve, and discharging to obtain slurry; shearing and mixing the slurry, 30kg of the coated short carbon fiber in the embodiment 1 and the modified premix in the step two for 30min under the condition of 300r/min, and adding water in the shearing process to adjust the solid content to 40% to obtain slurry; and (3) spray-drying the slurry by using a high-speed centrifugal atomizer to obtain the blank pug for extrusion molding of the cup ear.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a blank pug for extrusion molding of a cup ear, which comprises the following implementation steps:
step one: 170kg of quartz, 120kg of aluminum silicate, 8kg of ferric oxide, 12kg of yttrium oxide, 8kg of aluminum oxide and 6kg of barium oxide are stirred and mixed to obtain mixed powder, and then the mixed powder, deionized water, lactic acid and aluminum oxide grinding balls are mixed according to a ratio of 1:2:0.15:2, adding lactic acid serving as a dispersing agent into a ball milling tank, ball milling for 3 hours under the condition of 290r/min, filtering and discharging to obtain premix;
step two: stirring the premix in the first step, 1020L of dimethylbenzene and 102L of oleic acid for 1.5 hours at the temperature of 12 ℃, centrifuging at the temperature of 1900r/min, and vacuum drying the precipitate at the temperature of 80 ℃ to obtain a modified premix;
step three: adding 300kg of kaolin and 180kg of bentonite into a ball mill, adding 480kg of deionized water, ball milling and mixing for 3 hours, sieving with a 120-mesh sieve, and discharging to obtain slurry; shearing and mixing the slurry, 40kg of the coated short carbon fiber in the embodiment 2 and the modified premix in the step two for 45min under the condition of 400r/min, and adding water in the shearing process to adjust the solid content to 45% to obtain slurry; and (3) spray-drying the slurry by using a high-speed centrifugal atomizer to obtain the blank pug for extrusion molding of the cup ear.
Example 6
The embodiment provides a blank pug for extrusion molding of a cup ear, which comprises the following implementation steps:
step one: 170kg of quartz, 150kg of aluminum silicate, 12kg of ferric oxide, 20kg of yttrium oxide, 15kg of aluminum oxide and 15kg of barium oxide are stirred and mixed to obtain mixed powder, and then the mixed powder, deionized water, lactic acid and aluminum oxide grinding balls are mixed according to a ratio of 1:2:0.2:2, adding lactic acid serving as a dispersing agent into a ball milling tank, ball milling for 4 hours under the condition of 300r/min, filtering and discharging to obtain premix;
step two: stirring the premix in the first step, 1222L of dimethylbenzene and 122.2L of oleic acid for 2 hours at 105 ℃, centrifuging at 2000r/min, and vacuum drying the precipitate at 80 ℃ to obtain a modified premix;
step three: adding 350kg of kaolin and 200kg of bentonite into a ball mill, adding 550kg of deionized water, ball milling and mixing for 4 hours, sieving with a 120-mesh sieve, and discharging to obtain slurry; shearing and mixing the slurry, 50kg of the coated short carbon fiber in the embodiment 3 and the modified premix in the step two for 60min under the condition of 500r/min, and adding water in the shearing process to adjust the solid content to 50% to obtain slurry; and (3) spray-drying the slurry by using a high-speed centrifugal atomizer to obtain the blank pug for extrusion molding of the cup ear.
Comparative example 1: based on example 6, the blank pug was prepared without adding the coated short carbon fiber of example 3, and the remaining steps were kept unchanged.
Comparative example 2: based on example 6, the coated short carbon fibers in example 3 were replaced with uncoated short carbon fibers of the same length, and the remaining steps were kept unchanged, to prepare a green body pug.
Comparative example 3: on the basis of the embodiment 6, the premix is directly subjected to the process in the step three without lubricant treatment, and the rest steps are kept unchanged, so that the blank pug is prepared.
The performance test was conducted on examples 4 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 3, according to which various groups of green body pugs were compression molded under a pressure of 25MPa to obtain different cup ear green bodies, the cup ear green bodies were fired to mold at 1250±25 ℃ to obtain different cup ears (5 pieces each), the surfaces of the test pieces were coated with red ink, the presence or absence of cracks was checked, and different test pieces (10 pieces each) were prepared according to GB/T4740-1999, and the compressive strengths of the different test pieces were measured (averaged). The results are shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1
As can be seen from table 1, the green body pugs prepared in examples 4 to 6 did not crack after being prepared into a cup ear, and had good compressive strength.
It should be noted that in this document, terms such as "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. The blank pug for extrusion molding of the cup lugs is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by mass:
25-35 parts of kaolin, 17-18 parts of quartz, 15-20 parts of bentonite, 10-15 parts of aluminum silicate, 3-5 parts of coated short carbon fiber, 0.3-1.2 parts of ferric oxide, 1-3 parts of magnesium oxide, 0.5-2 parts of yttrium oxide, 0.3-1.5 parts of aluminum oxide and 0.1-1.5 parts of barium oxide;
the blank pug for extrusion molding of the cup lugs is prepared by the following steps:
step one: mixing quartz, aluminum silicate, ferric oxide, yttrium oxide, aluminum oxide and barium oxide in proportion to obtain mixed powder, adding the mixed powder, deionized water, lactic acid and aluminum oxide grinding balls in proportion into a ball milling tank, ball milling for 2-4 hours, filtering and discharging to obtain premix;
step two: stirring the premix, the dimethylbenzene and the lubricant for 1-2 hours at the temperature of 100-105 ℃, centrifuging, and drying the precipitate to obtain a modified premix;
step three: ball milling and mixing kaolin, bentonite and deionized water for 2-4 hours, sieving with a 120-mesh sieve, discharging to obtain slurry, shearing and mixing the slurry, the coated short carbon fiber and the modified premix for 30-60 minutes under the condition of 300-500r/min, and regulating the solid content to 40-50% to obtain slurry; spray drying the slurry by a high-speed centrifugal atomizer to obtain blank pug for extrusion molding of the cup ear;
the dosage ratio of premix, xylene and lubricant is 100g:100-120mL:10-13mL; the lubricant is oleic acid;
the mass ratio of the mixed powder to the deionized water to the lactic acid to the alumina grinding ball is 1:2:0.1-0.2:2.
2. the green body pug for extrusion molding of cup ears according to claim 1, wherein the coated short carbon fiber is prepared by:
immersing the pretreated carbon fiber in an electroplating bath, taking the pretreated carbon fiber as a cathode, taking a nickel sheet as an anode, and introducing an electroplating solution into the bath at a speed of 0.4-0.6A/dm 2 Electroplating for 5-8min under the current density to obtain the coated carbon fiber, and crushing the coated carbon fiber into the coated short carbon fiber with the length of 0.5-1 mm.
3. The blank pug for extrusion molding of cup ears according to claim 2, wherein the electroplating solution comprises deionized water, nickel sulfate, nickel chloride, sodium dodecyl sulfate and boric acid, and the dosage ratio of the deionized water, the nickel sulfate, the nickel chloride, the sodium dodecyl sulfate and the boric acid is 1L:220-230g:40-45g:0.2-0.5g:40-45g.
4. A green body pug for use in cup ear extrusion as claimed in claim 2, wherein said pretreated carbon fibers are prepared by: the carbon fiber filaments are kept at 400-450 ℃ for 5-10min, then are immersed in mixed acid liquid, and are immersed for 40-60min at 20-30 ℃ to obtain the pretreated carbon fibers.
5. The blank pug for extrusion molding of cup ears according to claim 4, wherein the preparation method of the mixed acid liquid is as follows: nitric acid solution with a molar concentration of 8mol/L and sulfuric acid solution with a molar concentration of 18mol/L are mixed according to a ratio of 7:3, mixing the mixture in a volume ratio to obtain the mixed acid liquid.
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