CN115823158A - Orthogonal wire mesh structure with negative Poisson's ratio and adjustable band gap and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Orthogonal wire mesh structure with negative Poisson's ratio and adjustable band gap and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an orthogonal wire mesh structure with a negative Poisson ratio and an adjustable band gap, which comprises a metal framework with the negative Poisson ratio, wherein a fixed connecting sheet is arranged at the top of the metal framework, a plurality of round holes are formed in the fixed connecting sheet, one part of the round holes correspondingly penetrate through wave crest connecting nodes at the top of the metal framework one by one, the round holes and the wave crest connecting nodes are connected with fixed wires in an interference insertion mode, the other part of the round holes are fixedly connected with vibrators, the vibrators and the wave crest connecting nodes are arranged in a rectangular array mode to form two cell lattices, and interaction between the two cell lattices is realized. The invention is formed by combining a three-dimensional double-arrow unit cell array, and the metal framework and the vibrator are combined through the fixed connecting sheet in the structure, so that the structure can simultaneously present negative Poisson's ratio and band gap vibration reduction performance, the multifunctional combination of the buffer energy absorption characteristic and the band gap vibration reduction is realized, and the lattice structure has the characteristic of strong light bearing capacity and can meet the increasingly complex multifunctional requirement in engineering practice.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an orthogonal wire mesh structure with a negative Poisson's ratio and an adjustable band gap and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The engineering science and technology development supports the construction of the modern economic system of China, and the solution of the problems in the engineering science and technology development plays an important role in promoting the science and technology and the economic development. Vibration and impact collision are difficult to avoid in the engineering fields of aerospace, power machinery, protective equipment, transportation, civil engineering and construction and the like, and strong vibration or severe impact seriously affects the performance, precision and service life of equipment or devices, and even can cause accidents to threaten personal safety when serious. The damping or suppression of vibration is realized, the collision resistance of the structure is improved, and the method has extremely important engineering significance. In addition to the development of impact protection technology, there is also an urgent need to develop engineering materials or structures having excellent vibration/energy absorption characteristics. A mechanical metamaterial is a metamaterial that obtains unique mechanical properties or mechanical properties based on its geometry. In the industrial application of vibration reduction, energy absorption and the like, the band gap vibration reduction characteristic and the energy absorption buffering characteristic of the mechanical metamaterial show unique potential. Under the guidance of a design concept that a physical structure is designed to meet specific functional requirements, the artificially constructed vibration damping/energy absorbing mechanical metamaterial has the characteristics of strong designability, customizable performance and the like, and can play an important role in a vibration damping and energy absorbing application scene as a special functional structure in addition to the light bearing characteristic of the metamaterial.
The current manufacturing techniques of the metal porous material with periodic cell structure mainly include: additive manufacturing, investment casting, deformation forming, wire lap assembly, and the like.
The problems and defects of the existing three-dimensional negative poisson's ratio structure are mainly as follows:
(1) In the aspect of functional design, the conventional negative Poisson ratio structure mainly aims at enhancing the negative Poisson ratio effect of the structure and mainly meets the functional requirements of bearing, impact resistance, energy absorption, thermal protection and the like, and the band gap vibration reduction performance of the structure is hardly considered. The existing phononic crystal structure mainly researches band gap start-stop frequency and width regulation and control, and the structure has limited self impact resistance. In the existing periodic cell structure, almost no light metamaterial structure with excellent vibration reduction and energy absorption characteristics exists, and the actual multifunctional requirement of engineering is difficult to meet.
(2) The manufacturing technology of the metal wire mesh structural material comprises the following steps: the existing additive manufacturing technology mainly adopts a selective melting process, when a wire mesh-shaped component is processed, local thermal stress is easily generated to be uneven, and the consistency of the elastic and plastic properties of the shaped material is poor; investment casting requires the use of volatile production molds, is more polluting, and is prone to produce residues that affect the structural material; the deformation forming method is mainly applicable to the micro structure, is relatively simple, mainly processes plates, and has higher difficulty for complex functional component molds and forming processes; the metal wire lapping and assembling method can adopt a customized tool to realize the preparation of various functional microstructure materials, but the transition liquid phase connection technology or the resistance welding mode adopted in the prior node reliable connection method has more complex operation process and lower efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide an orthogonal wire mesh structure with a negative poisson ratio and an adjustable band gap and a preparation method thereof.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides an orthogonal wire mesh structure with negative poisson ratio and adjustable band gap, includes the metal framework of negative poisson ratio, metal framework's top is provided with fixed connection piece, a plurality of round hole has been seted up on the fixed connection piece, and one of them part round hole passes through the crest connected node one-to-one at metal framework top, and all interference interlude is connected with fixed wire between the two, has all linked firmly the oscillator on the other part round hole, the oscillator all is rectangular array with crest connected node and arranges, forms two kinds of dot matrix cell elements, the interact between two kinds of cell elements.
Preferably, the metal framework is formed by weaving metal wires with two geometric parameters, the fixed connecting sheet and the metal framework are made of the same metal material, the oscillator is made of a metal material with high density, and the density of the oscillator is greater than that of the fixed connecting sheet and the metal framework.
Preferably, the oscillator is a bolt-shaped oscillator, the bolt-shaped oscillator comprises a bolt and a nut, and the bolt penetrates through the round hole and is fastened on the fixed connecting piece through the nut in a threaded manner.
Preferably, the metal framework is a single-layer three-dimensional double-arrow negative poisson ratio structure, the single-layer three-dimensional double-arrow negative poisson ratio structure comprises a plurality of groups of two-dimensional double-arrow structures, the two-dimensional double-arrow structures respectively comprise wavy metal wires with two specifications, the heights of wave crests of the two metal wires are different, the wave troughs of the two metal wires are correspondingly arranged one by one, and wave trough connection nodes are connected into the two-dimensional double-arrow structures through resistance spot welding; and a plurality of groups of two-dimensional double-arrow structures are orthogonally arranged, wave crest connecting nodes of the groups of two-dimensional double-arrow structures are arranged in a one-to-one corresponding manner, and the wave crest connecting nodes are connected by adopting resistance spot welding to form a single-layer three-dimensional double-arrow negative poisson ratio structure.
Preferably, the number of the metal frameworks is provided with a plurality of groups which are stacked up and down, wherein the top peak positions of the lower layer of metal frameworks correspond to the bottom peak positions of the upper layer of metal frameworks one by one, and the nodes are connected in a resistance spot welding manner to form a multilayer three-dimensional double-arrow negative poisson ratio structure.
Preferably, the fixed metal wire penetrates through the top of the metal wire of the metal framework, the top of the fixed metal wire is in interference fit with the wave crest connecting node, and the bottom of the fixed metal wire is in interference fit with the fixed connecting sheet.
Preferably, the two types of lattice cells are a-type lattice cell and B-type lattice cell, wherein the a-type lattice cell is a cell composed of four fixed pivot points and a central vibrator, and the B-type lattice cell is a cell composed of a central fixed pivot point and four vibrators.
A preparation method of an orthogonal wire mesh structure with a negative Poisson ratio and an adjustable band gap comprises the following steps: (1) The fixed connecting sheet is directly formed by cutting the metal plate by adopting a laser cutting scheme; (2) The wavy metal wires with the two specifications are formed by processing straight metal wires through a bending machine; (3) The metal framework structure is formed by combining two processed metal wires, and the metal wires with two specifications are divided into wave crest positions and wave trough positions; (4) The wave troughs of the two metal wires are correspondingly arranged one by one, the wave trough connecting nodes are connected into two-dimensional double-arrow structures through resistance spot welding, a plurality of groups of the two-dimensional double-arrow structures are orthogonally arranged, the wave crest connecting nodes are correspondingly arranged one by one, and the wave crest connecting nodes are connected through resistance spot welding to form a single-layer three-dimensional double-arrow negative Poisson's ratio structure; (5) The metal frameworks are manufactured into a plurality of groups and are vertically stacked, wherein the top peak position of the lower-layer metal framework corresponds to the bottom peak position of the upper-layer metal framework one by one, and the nodes are connected in a resistance spot welding mode to form a multi-layer three-dimensional double-arrow negative Poisson's ratio structure.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The invention is formed by combining a three-dimensional double-arrow unit cell array, and the metal framework and the vibrator are combined through the fixed connecting sheet in the structure, so that the structure can simultaneously present negative Poisson's ratio and band gap vibration reduction performance, the multifunctional combination of the buffer energy absorption characteristic and the band gap vibration reduction is realized, and the lattice structure has the characteristic of strong light bearing capacity and can meet the increasingly complex multifunctional requirement in engineering practice.
(2) The invention is formed by combining three-dimensional double-arrow unit cell arrays, and the mechanical property of the whole structure can be designed and customized by changing the geometric parameters of the unit cells. For example, the negative poisson's ratio performance of the overall structure is customized by the geometric parameters of the metal skeleton rod piece; the band gap vibration reduction characteristic of the whole structure is customized through parameter adjustment of the oscillator, the width and the starting and stopping frequency of the customized band gap are designed, and the method has wider applicability in industry.
(3) The preparation method adopted by the invention is a metal wire weaving method, and the node connection mode of metal wire stacking and resistance spot welding composite gluing is used for composite forming, so that the low-cost and short-flow manufacturing mode can be realized, the metal wire base material used by the metal framework part in the structure is mature and stable, and the whole structure preparation process is simple.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic construction diagram of a multilayer three-dimensional double-arrow negative poisson ratio structure.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a single-layer three-dimensional double-arrow negative poisson's ratio structure.
FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration of a two-dimensional double arrow structure.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a two-dimensional double arrow head orthogonal arrangement spot welded connection at a peak node.
Fig. 5 is a partial schematic view of the fixing manner of the metal framework and the fixing connecting sheet.
Fig. 6 is a partial schematic view of the bolt-shaped vibrator fixed on the fixing connection piece.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of A-type lattice cells and B-type lattice cells.
In the figure: 1. a metal skeleton; 2. a bolt-shaped vibrator; 3. fixing the connecting sheet; 4. connecting the nodes; 5. fixing the metal wire; A. an A-type lattice cell; B. a B-type lattice cell.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
As shown in 1~7, the embodiment provides an orthogonal wire mesh structure with negative poisson ratio and adjustable band gap, including the metal skeleton of negative poisson ratio, the top of metal skeleton is provided with the fixed connection piece, a plurality of round hole has been seted up on the fixed connection piece, and one of them part of round hole passes through the wave crest connecting node one-to-one at metal skeleton top, and all interference interlude is connected with fixed wire between the two, all links firmly the oscillator on another part of round hole, the oscillator all is rectangular array with wave crest connecting node and arranges, forms two kinds of dot matrix cell elements, the interaction between two kinds of cell elements.
In the embodiment of the invention, the metal framework is formed by weaving metal wires with two geometric parameters, the fixed connecting sheet and the metal framework are made of the same metal material, and the vibrator is made of a metal material with high density, and the density of the vibrator is greater than that of the fixed connecting sheet and the metal framework.
In the embodiment of the invention, the vibrator is a bolt-shaped vibrator to realize the function of band gap vibration reduction, the bolt-shaped vibrator comprises a bolt and a nut, and the bolt penetrates through the circular hole and is screwed and fastened on the fixed connecting piece through the nut.
In the embodiment of the invention, the metal framework is a single-layer three-dimensional double-arrow negative poisson ratio structure, the single-layer three-dimensional double-arrow negative poisson ratio structure comprises a plurality of groups of two-dimensional double-arrow structures, the two-dimensional double-arrow structures respectively comprise two specifications of wavy metal wires, in particular arrow-shaped metal wires, the heights of wave crests of the two metal wires are different, the wave troughs of the two metal wires are correspondingly arranged one by one, and wave trough connecting nodes are connected into the two-dimensional double-arrow structures through resistance spot welding; the wave crest connecting nodes of the two-dimensional double-arrow structures of the groups are arranged in a one-to-one corresponding mode, and are connected through resistance spot welding to form a single-layer three-dimensional double-arrow negative Poisson ratio structure, as shown in the attached drawing 4, the metal framework can show the mechanical property of the negative Poisson ratio, and the welding nodes are in adhesive compounding. The unit cell of the three-dimensional structure is a three-dimensional structure formed by orthogonal combination of two-dimensional double-arrow structures, in the structure, the double-arrow unit cell is used as an auxetic structure array to form a negative Poisson ratio metal framework part, welding nodes and bolt-shaped vibrators are arranged on a fixed connecting sheet in a rectangular array mode to form two dot matrix cells, and the two cell cells interact with each other, so that the three-dimensional double-arrow structure has the negative Poisson ratio and an adjustable band gap simultaneously, can weaken or inhibit the transmission of vibration in the structure while buffering and absorbing energy, and has the advantages of strong designability, customizable performance and the like because the whole structure is formed by orderly arranging and combining the unit cells.
In the embodiment of the invention, the metal frameworks are provided with a plurality of groups which are stacked up and down, wherein the top peak positions of the lower layer metal framework correspond to the bottom peak positions of the upper layer metal framework one by one, and the nodes are connected in a resistance spot welding composite gluing mode to form a multilayer three-dimensional double-arrow negative Poisson ratio structure.
In the embodiment of the invention, the fixing metal wire penetrates through the top of the metal wire of the metal framework, the top of the fixing metal wire is in interference fit with the wave crest connecting node, and the bottom of the fixing metal wire is in interference fit with the fixing connecting sheet.
In the embodiment of the invention, the two types of lattice cells are a-type lattice cell and a B-type lattice cell, wherein the a-type lattice cell is a cell composed of four fixed pivot points and a central vibrator, and the B-type lattice cell is a cell composed of a central fixed pivot point and four vibrators. The double-arrow-head structure and the bolt-shaped vibrator are reasonable in structural configuration, so that the structure has energy absorption performance and can generate elastic wave band gap to realize vibration reduction, the superior mechanical property of the metal framework is reserved, the multifunctional performance of vibration reduction and energy absorption effects is realized, the wide applicability and the design space are realized, and the increasingly complex multifunctional requirement in engineering practice can be met.
A preparation method of an orthogonal wire mesh structure with a negative Poisson ratio and an adjustable band gap comprises the following steps: (1) The fixed connecting sheet is directly formed by cutting the metal plate by adopting a laser cutting scheme; (2) The wavy metal wires with the two specifications are formed by processing straight metal wires through a bending machine; (3) The metal framework structure is formed by combining two processed metal wires, and the metal wires with two specifications are divided into wave crest positions and wave trough positions; (4) The wave troughs of the two metal wires are correspondingly arranged one by one, the wave trough connecting nodes are connected into two-dimensional double-arrow structures through resistance spot welding, a plurality of groups of the two-dimensional double-arrow structures are orthogonally arranged, the wave crest connecting nodes are correspondingly arranged one by one, and the wave crest connecting nodes are connected through resistance spot welding to form a single-layer three-dimensional double-arrow negative Poisson's ratio structure; (5) The metal frameworks are manufactured into a plurality of groups and are overlapped up and down, wherein the top peak positions of the lower-layer metal framework correspond to the bottom peak positions of the upper-layer metal framework one by one, and the nodes are connected in a resistance spot welding mode to form a multilayer three-dimensional double-arrow negative Poisson ratio structure.
The three-dimensional double-arrow structure body can be used as a core part in a sandwich structure as a lattice structure, the top wave crest node and the bottom wave crest node of the three-dimensional double-arrow structure body are connected with the upper panel and the lower panel in the modes of resistance spot welding, gluing or brazing, and the mechanical properties such as excellent buffering energy absorption and vibration damping and vibration isolation characteristics of the structure are utilized to meet the actual multifunctional requirements of engineering. The structure can be used as a framework reinforcement of a novel multiphase composite negative Poisson's ratio structure, and the structure and a polymer are vulcanized to form a composite damping structure; the structure can also be independently used as a component to play a role in a mechanical device, and the structural versatility is not limited by the composition materials, so that the structure has wide applicability and design space.
The three-dimensional double-arrow head structure is used as a part applied to the aspects of buffering and energy absorption, band gap vibration reduction and the like, and can be widely applied to systems of aerospace, power machinery, protective equipment, transportation, civil construction and the like. The characteristics of looseness and porosity can be utilized to manufacture a light high-strength sandwich structure; bulletproof equipment, impact-resistant equipment and the like can be manufactured by utilizing the indentation resistance phenomenon; the vascular stent and the morphing wing can be manufactured by utilizing special auxetic behavior; the band gap of the structure can be used for manufacturing vibration reduction and vibration isolation parts and the like.
The foregoing is directed to preferred embodiments of the present invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof, and the scope thereof is determined by the claims that follow. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An orthogonal wire mesh structure with a negative poisson's ratio and an adjustable band gap, characterized in that: the metal framework comprises a metal framework with a negative Poisson ratio, wherein a fixed connecting sheet is arranged at the top of the metal framework, a plurality of round holes are formed in the fixed connecting sheet, one part of the round holes penetrate through a wave crest connecting node at the top of the metal framework in a one-to-one manner, a fixed metal wire is connected between the round holes in an interference penetrating manner, a vibrator is fixedly connected to the other part of the round holes, the vibrator and the wave crest connecting node are arranged in a rectangular array manner to form two dot matrix cells, and interaction is achieved between the two dot matrix cells.
2. The orthogonal wire mesh structure with negative poisson's ratio and tunable band gap of claim 1, wherein: the metal framework is formed by weaving metal wires with two geometric parameters, the fixed connecting sheet and the metal framework are made of the same metal material, the vibrator is made of a metal material with high density, and the density of the vibrator is larger than that of the fixed connecting sheet and the metal framework.
3. The orthogonal wire mesh structure with negative poisson's ratio and tunable band gap of claim 1, wherein: the vibrator is a bolt-shaped vibrator, the bolt-shaped vibrator comprises a bolt and a nut, and the bolt penetrates through the round hole and is fastened on the fixed connecting piece through the nut in a threaded connection mode.
4. The orthogonal wire mesh structure with negative poisson's ratio and tunable band gap of claim 1, wherein: the metal framework is of a single-layer three-dimensional double-arrow negative Poisson ratio structure, the single-layer three-dimensional double-arrow negative Poisson ratio structure comprises a plurality of groups of two-dimensional double-arrow structures, the two-dimensional double-arrow structures respectively comprise wavy metal wires with two specifications, the heights of wave crests of the two metal wires are different, the wave troughs of the two metal wires are correspondingly arranged one by one, and wave trough connecting nodes are connected into the two-dimensional double-arrow structures through resistance spot welding; the wave crest connecting nodes of the two-dimensional double-arrow structures of the groups are arranged in a one-to-one corresponding mode, and the wave crest connecting nodes are connected through resistance spot welding to form a single-layer three-dimensional double-arrow negative Poisson ratio structure.
5. The orthogonal wire mesh structure with negative poisson's ratio and tunable band gap of claim 4, wherein: the number of the metal frameworks is provided with a plurality of groups which are overlapped up and down, wherein the top peak position of the lower layer metal framework corresponds to the bottom peak position of the upper layer metal framework one by one, and the nodes are connected in a resistance spot welding mode to form a multilayer three-dimensional double-arrow negative Poisson ratio structure.
6. The orthogonal wire mesh structure with negative poisson's ratio and tunable band gap of claim 1, wherein: the fixed metal wire penetrates through the top of the metal wire of the metal framework, the top of the fixed metal wire is in interference fit with the wave crest connecting node, and the bottom of the fixed metal wire is in interference fit with the fixed connecting sheet.
7. The orthogonal wire mesh structure with negative poisson's ratio and tunable band gap of claim 1, wherein: the two types of lattice cells are respectively an A-type lattice cell and a B-type lattice cell, wherein the A-type lattice cell comprises four fixed supporting points and a central vibrator, and the B-type lattice cell comprises a central fixed supporting point and four vibrators.
8. A method of making an orthogonal wire mesh structure with negative poisson's ratio and tunable band gap according to any of claims 1-7, characterised by the following steps: (1) The fixed connecting sheet is directly formed by cutting the metal plate by adopting a laser cutting scheme; (2) The wavy metal wires with the two specifications are formed by processing straight metal wires through a bending machine; (3) The metal framework structure is formed by combining two processed metal wires, and the metal wires with two specifications are divided into wave crest positions and wave trough positions; (4) The wave troughs of the two metal wires are correspondingly arranged one by one, the wave trough connecting nodes are connected into two-dimensional double arrow heads through resistance spot welding, a plurality of groups of two-dimensional double arrow heads are orthogonally arranged, the wave crest connecting nodes are correspondingly arranged one by one, and the wave crest connecting nodes are connected by resistance spot welding to form a single-layer three-dimensional double-arrow negative poisson ratio structure; (5) The metal frameworks are manufactured into a plurality of groups and are overlapped up and down, wherein the top peak positions of the lower-layer metal framework correspond to the bottom peak positions of the upper-layer metal framework one by one, and the nodes are connected in a resistance spot welding mode to form a multilayer three-dimensional double-arrow negative Poisson ratio structure.
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