CN115720049A - Multi-level capacitor pre-charging circuit and power supply equipment - Google Patents
Multi-level capacitor pre-charging circuit and power supply equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN115720049A CN115720049A CN202110972431.4A CN202110972431A CN115720049A CN 115720049 A CN115720049 A CN 115720049A CN 202110972431 A CN202110972431 A CN 202110972431A CN 115720049 A CN115720049 A CN 115720049A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/21—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/217—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M7/219—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration
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Abstract
When an input alternating current power supply is connected, the first switching device and the second switching device are in an off state, the input alternating current power supply can pre-charge a flying capacitor through a loop formed by connecting an inductor, the first switching device, the flying capacitor, a second auxiliary diode, an auxiliary resistor, an auxiliary capacitor, a second rectifying device and the input alternating current power supply in series, and the flying capacitor can also be pre-charged through a loop formed by connecting the inductor, the input alternating current power supply, the first rectifying device, the auxiliary capacitor, the auxiliary resistor, the first auxiliary diode, the flying capacitor and the second switching device in series, so that no additional auxiliary source is needed to supply power or additional switches are added in a power loop, namely the flying capacitor can be pre-charged before the first switching device and the second switching device work, the complexity of the circuit can be reduced, and no additional loss is caused.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of charging, in particular to a multi-level power Rong Yuchong circuit and power supply equipment.
Background
With the development and application of 5G technology, the demand of communication power is rapidly increasing. Meanwhile, the new market puts new requirements on various performance indexes of the communication power supply. Low cost, high efficiency, and high power density are the inevitable trends in power supply development.
Compared with other AC (Alternating Current)/DC (Direct Current) conversion topologies, the AC/DC conversion topology using multilevel has the following advantages: under the same ripple requirement, the volume of the inductor can be reduced, and the power density of the system can be improved; under the same output voltage, the voltage stress of the switching tube can be reduced by adopting a multi-level AC/DC conversion topology, and the on-resistance can be reduced by selecting a low-voltage-resistant switching device.
However, for some multilevel converters, for example, flying capacitor type multilevel converters, it is necessary to precharge the flying capacitor when they start to operate, so as to ensure that the voltage across the semiconductor switch tube cannot exceed the limit value. However, when the system is just powered on, the flying capacitor has no charging loop, so the BUS voltage is charged to the maximum input voltage, and the voltage on the flying capacitor is 0.
Therefore, in order to ensure that the stress of the switching tube is kept within a reasonable range when the converter works, the capacitor of the multilevel converter needs to be precharged, most of the existing precharging schemes are active precharging schemes, an additional auxiliary source is usually needed to complete the precharging work of the capacitor before the system is powered on, or an additional switch is added in a power circuit, the initial state of the switch is an open state, the capacitor is charged by the additional auxiliary source or an auxiliary charging circuit until the capacitor reaches a designed value, the switch is closed, and the converter starts to work. The two schemes need an additional auxiliary source for power supply, so that the complexity of the system is increased, and the additional loss is brought when a switch is added in a power loop and a converter works normally.
Disclosure of Invention
The following is a summary of the subject matter described in detail herein. This summary is not intended to limit the scope of the claims.
The embodiment of the invention provides a multi-level power Rong Yuchong circuit and power supply equipment, and the pre-charging of a capacitor can be completed before a switching device works formally without additional auxiliary source power supply and additional switches added to a power circuit.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-level power Rong Yuchong circuit, including:
the rectifier module comprises a first rectifier device and a second rectifier device;
the switched capacitor module comprises an inductor, a flying capacitor, a plurality of first switching devices and a plurality of second switching devices, wherein the first switching devices are sequentially connected in series, the second switching devices are sequentially connected in series with an input alternating current power supply, the inductor, the second switching devices, the second rectifying devices and the input alternating current power supply are sequentially connected in series, one end of the flying capacitor is connected to a common point between two adjacent first switching devices, and the other end of the flying capacitor is connected to a common point between two adjacent second switching devices;
the auxiliary charging module comprises a first auxiliary diode, a second auxiliary diode, an auxiliary resistor and a plurality of auxiliary capacitors, wherein the inductor, the first switching device, the flying capacitor, the second auxiliary diode, the auxiliary resistor, the auxiliary capacitor, the second rectifying device and the input alternating current power supply are sequentially connected in series to form a loop; the inductor, the input alternating current power supply, the first rectifying device, the auxiliary capacitor, the auxiliary resistor, the first auxiliary diode, the flying capacitor and the second switching device are sequentially connected in series to form a loop.
In a second aspect, embodiments of the present invention further provide a power supply apparatus, including the multi-level capacitor pre-charging circuit as described in the first aspect.
The embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps: the multi-level capacitor pre-charging circuit comprises a rectifying module, a switched capacitor module and an auxiliary charging module, wherein the rectifying module comprises a first rectifying device and a second rectifying device; the switched capacitor module comprises an inductor, a flying capacitor, a plurality of first switching devices and a plurality of second switching devices, wherein the first switching devices are sequentially connected in series, the second switching devices are sequentially connected in series with an input alternating current power supply, the inductor, the second switching devices, the second rectifying devices and the input alternating current power supply are sequentially connected in series, one end of the flying capacitor is connected to a common point between two adjacent first switching devices, and the other end of the flying capacitor is connected to a common point between two adjacent second switching devices; the auxiliary charging module comprises a first auxiliary diode, a second auxiliary diode, an auxiliary resistor and a plurality of auxiliary capacitors, wherein an inductor, a first switching device, a flying capacitor, a second auxiliary diode, an auxiliary resistor, an auxiliary capacitor, a second rectifying device and an input alternating current power supply are sequentially connected in series to form a loop; the inductor, the input alternating current power supply, the first rectifying device, the auxiliary capacitor, the auxiliary resistor, the first auxiliary diode, the flying capacitor and the second switching device are sequentially connected in series to form a loop. According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention, when an input alternating current power supply is switched in, the first switching device and the second switching device are in an off state, the input alternating current power supply can pre-charge the flying capacitor through a loop formed by sequentially connecting an inductor, the first switching device, the flying capacitor, the second auxiliary diode, an auxiliary resistor, an auxiliary capacitor, a second rectifying device and the input alternating current power supply in series in a certain half period, and meanwhile, in the other half period, the input alternating current power supply can pre-charge the flying capacitor through a loop formed by sequentially connecting the inductor, the input alternating current power supply, the first rectifying device, the auxiliary capacitor, the auxiliary resistor, the first auxiliary diode, the flying capacitor and the second switching device in series, so that when the input alternating current power supply is switched in, the first switching device and the second switching device are kept in an off state, no additional auxiliary power supply is needed, no additional switch is needed to be added in a power loop, the flying voltage of the first switching device and the second switching device can be pre-charged to the flying voltage value before the first switching device and the second switching device are operated, and the flying voltage of the input alternating current power supply can be reduced.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the example serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the switching tube voltage stress at which a flying capacitor type multilevel converter begins operation when the flying capacitor voltage is Vo/2;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the switching tube voltage stress at which the flying capacitor type multilevel converter begins operation when the flying capacitor voltage is 0;
FIG. 3 is a circuit block diagram of a multi-level capacitor pre-charge circuit according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a circuit topology diagram of a multi-level capacitor pre-charge circuit provided by one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a circuit topology diagram of a three-level capacitor pre-charge circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a circuit topology diagram of a four-level capacitor pre-charge circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
It should be noted that although functional blocks are partitioned in a schematic diagram of an apparatus and a logical order is shown in a flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be performed in a different order than the partitioning of blocks in the apparatus or the order in the flowchart. The terms "first," "second," and the like in the description, in the claims, or in the drawings described above, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order.
In the related art, as the 5G technology is developed and applied, the demand of communication power is rapidly increased. Meanwhile, the new market puts new requirements on various performance indexes of the communication power supply. Low cost, high efficiency, and high power density are the inevitable trends in power supply development.
Compared with other AC/DC conversion topologies, the AC/DC conversion topology adopting multilevel has the following advantages:
(1) Under the same ripple requirement, the volume of the inductor can be reduced, and the power density of the system can be improved;
(2) Under the same output voltage, the voltage stress of the switching tube can be reduced by adopting a multi-level AC/DC conversion topology, and the on-resistance can be reduced by selecting a low-voltage-resistant switching device.
However, for some multilevel converters, for example, flying capacitor type multilevel converters, it is necessary to precharge the flying capacitor when they start to operate, so as to ensure that the voltage across the semiconductor switch tube cannot exceed the limit value. However, when the system is just powered on, the flying capacitor has no charging loop, so that the situation that the BUS voltage is charged to the input maximum voltage and the voltage on the flying capacitor is 0 occurs, and if the state is maintained until the converter starts to work, namely the switch tube starts to act, the voltage stress of the switch tube exceeds the standard and is damaged.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 1 shows a flying capacitor type multilevel converter with a flying capacitor voltage Vo/2A schematic diagram of the voltage stress of the switching tube when the converter starts to work; wherein, C f1 When the flying capacitor completes the pre-charging before the converter works, the capacitor needing the pre-charging, namely the flying capacitor reaches a design value V o /2, then when the semiconductor switch tube S 3 When it is turned on, the semiconductor switch tube S 4 The voltage born is V o 2, under the normal working state, the maximum platform voltage value born by each semiconductor switch tube is V o /2。
As shown in fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the switching tube voltage stress at which the flying capacitor type multilevel converter starts operating when the flying capacitor voltage is 0; flying capacitor C f1 When the converter starts to work, the voltage is 0V, and when the converter starts to work, the semiconductor switch tube S 3 Is conducted, at this time, the semiconductor switch tube S 4 Bear the whole bus voltage V o There is a risk of overvoltage breakdown.
Therefore, in order to ensure that the stress of the switching tube is kept within a reasonable range when the converter works, the capacitor of the multi-level converter needs to be precharged, most of the existing precharging schemes are active precharging schemes, an additional auxiliary source is usually needed to complete the precharging operation of the capacitor before the system is powered on, or an additional switch is added in a power circuit, the initial state of the switch is an off state, the additional auxiliary source or an auxiliary charging circuit is adopted to charge the capacitor until the capacitor reaches a design value, the switch is closed, and the converter starts to work. The two schemes need an additional auxiliary source for power supply, so that the complexity of the system is increased, and the additional loss is brought when a switch is added in a power loop and a converter works normally.
Based on the above situation, the embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-level power Rong Yuchong circuit and a power supply device, wherein the multi-level capacitor pre-charging circuit includes, but is not limited to, a rectifying module, a switched capacitor module, and an auxiliary charging module, and specifically, the rectifying module includes, but is not limited to, a first rectifying device and a second rectifying device; the switched capacitor module comprises but is not limited to an inductor, a flying capacitor, a plurality of first switching devices which are sequentially connected in series and a plurality of second switching devices which are sequentially connected in series, the inductor, the plurality of first switching devices, a first rectifying device and an input alternating current power supply are sequentially connected in series, the inductor, the plurality of second switching devices, the second rectifying device and the input alternating current power supply are sequentially connected in series, one end of the flying capacitor is connected to a common point between two adjacent first switching devices, and the other end of the flying capacitor is connected to a common point between two adjacent second switching devices; the auxiliary charging module comprises but is not limited to a first auxiliary diode, a second auxiliary diode, an auxiliary resistor and a plurality of auxiliary capacitors, wherein an inductor, a first switching device, a flying capacitor, a second auxiliary diode, an auxiliary resistor, an auxiliary capacitor, a second rectifying device and an input alternating current power supply are sequentially connected in series to form a loop; the inductor, the input alternating current power supply, the first rectifying device, the auxiliary capacitor, the auxiliary resistor, the first auxiliary diode, the flying capacitor and the second switching device are sequentially connected in series to form a loop. According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention, when an input alternating current power supply is switched in, the first switching device and the second switching device are in an off state, the input alternating current power supply can pre-charge the flying capacitor through a loop formed by sequentially connecting an inductor, the first switching device, the flying capacitor, the second auxiliary diode, an auxiliary resistor, an auxiliary capacitor, a second rectifying device and the input alternating current power supply in series in a certain half period, and meanwhile, in the other half period, the input alternating current power supply can pre-charge the flying capacitor through a loop formed by sequentially connecting the inductor, the input alternating current power supply, the first rectifying device, the auxiliary capacitor, the auxiliary resistor, the first auxiliary diode, the flying capacitor and the second switching device in series, so that when the input alternating current power supply is switched in, the first switching device and the second switching device are kept in an off state, no additional auxiliary power supply is needed, no additional switch is needed to be added in a power loop, the flying voltage of the first switching device and the second switching device can be pre-charged to the flying voltage value before the first switching device and the second switching device are operated, and the flying voltage of the input alternating current power supply can be reduced.
The embodiments of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 3 to 4 are circuit block diagrams of a multi-level capacitor pre-charge circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 4 is a circuit topology diagram of the multi-level capacitor pre-charge circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention. The multi-level capacitor pre-charging circuit of the embodiment of the invention includes, but is not limited to, a rectifier module 100, a switched capacitor module 200, an auxiliary charging module 300, and a bus capacitor 400.
Specifically, the rectifier module 100 includes, but is not limited to, the first rectifier device Q 1 And a second rectifying device Q 2 。
In addition, the switched capacitor module 200 includes, but is not limited to, an inductor L 1 Flying capacitor C f1 、C f2 、 。。。 、C fN-1 A plurality of first switching devices S connected in series in sequence 2 、S 4 、 。。。 、S 2N And a plurality of second switching devices S connected in series in sequence 1 、S 3 、 。。。 、S 2N-1 Inductor L 1 A plurality of first switching devices S 2 、S 4 、 。。。 、S 2N A first rectifying device Q 1 Is connected in series with the input AC power supply 500 in sequence, and an inductor L 1 A plurality of second switching devices S 1 、S 3 、 。。。 、S 2N-1 A second rectifying device Q 2 And the input alternating current power supply 500 are sequentially connected in series, one end of the flying capacitor is connected to a common point between two adjacent first switching devices, and the other end of the flying capacitor is connected to a common point between two adjacent second switching devices, illustratively, a first flying capacitor C f1 Is connected to a first switching device S 2 And a second first switching device S 4 And the other end is connected to the first and second switching devices S 1 And a second switching device S 3 A common point therebetween; or a second flying capacitor C f2 Is connected to a second first switching device S 4 And a third first switching device S 6 And the other end is connected to a second switching device S 3 And a third second switching device S 5 The common point therebetween.
In addition, the auxiliary charging module 300 includes, but is not limited to, a first auxiliary diode D 2 、D 4 、 。。。 、D 2N-2 A second auxiliary diode D 1 、D 3 、 。。。 、D 2N-3 Auxiliary resistor R 1 、R 2 、 。。。 、R N-2 、R N-1 And a plurality of auxiliary capacitors C 1 、C 2 、 。。。 、C N-1 、C N The inductor, the first switching device, the flying capacitor, the second auxiliary diode, the auxiliary resistor, the auxiliary capacitor, the second rectifying device and the input alternating current power supply 500 are sequentially connected in series to form a loop; the inductor, the input ac power supply 500, the first rectifying device, the auxiliary capacitor, the auxiliary resistor, the first auxiliary diode, the flying capacitor, and the second switching device are sequentially connected in series to form a loop.
In addition, regarding the bus capacitor 400 described above, one end thereof is connected to the first rectifying device Q 1 And a first auxiliary capacitor C 1 And the other end is connected to a second rectifying device Q 2 And an Nth auxiliary capacitor C N To the common point of (c).
According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention, when the input alternating current power supply 500 is connected, the first switching device S 2 、S 4 、 。。。 、S 2N And a second switching device S 1 、S 3 、 。。。 、S 2N-1 Before operation, i.e. the first switching device S 2 、S 4 、 。。。 、S 2N And a second switching device S 1 、S 3 、 。。。 、S 2N-1 In the off state, the input ac power supply 500 can precharge the flying capacitor through a loop formed by connecting the inductor, the first switching device, the flying capacitor, the second auxiliary diode, the auxiliary resistor, the auxiliary capacitor, the second rectifying device, and the input ac power supply 500 in series in sequence in a certain half cycle, and simultaneouslyIn the other half cycle, the input ac power supply 500 can also pre-charge the flying capacitor through a loop formed by sequentially connecting the inductor, the input ac power supply 500, the first rectifying device, the auxiliary capacitor, the auxiliary resistor, the first auxiliary diode, the flying capacitor, and the second switching device in series, so that when the input ac power supply 500 is connected, the first switching device S according to the embodiment of the present invention 2 、S 4 、 。。。 、S 2N And a second switching device S 1 、S 3 、 。。。 、S 2N-1 The power supply circuit keeps the off state, does not need additional auxiliary power supply, does not need to add an additional switch in a power loop, and can use a simple auxiliary charging circuit to form a first switch device S 2 、S 4 、 。。。 、S 2N And a second switching device S 1 、S 3 、 。。。 、S 2N-1 The voltage value of the flying capacitor is precharged to the designed voltage value before working, so that the embodiment of the invention not only reduces the complexity of the circuit, but also does not bring extra loss.
Note that, the first rectifying device Q described above is used 1 And a second rectifying device Q 2 The Transistor may be a diode, a MOS (Metal Oxide Semiconductor) Transistor, an IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor), or a TVS (Transient Voltage super diode).
In addition, it should be noted that, regarding the first switching device S described above 2 、S 4 、 。。。 、S 2N And a second switching device S 1 、S 3 、 。。。 、S 2N-1 The switch tube may be a single switch tube, or may be formed by connecting a plurality of switch tubes in parallel or in series.
It is understood that, as for the above-mentioned switch tube, it may be a MOS tube, an IGBT or a TVS tube.
In addition, as shown in fig. 4, the first switching device S 2 、S 4 、 。。。 、S 2N And a second switching device S 1 、S 3 、 。。。 、S 2N-1 Is N, and the flying capacitor C f1 、C f2 、 。。。 、C fN-1 The number of (2) is N-1; an ith flying capacitor is connected in parallel between a common point between the ith first switching device and the (i + 1) th first switching device and a common point between the ith second switching device and the (i + 1) th second switching device, wherein N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, and i is a positive integer less than N.
In addition, as shown in fig. 4, a first auxiliary diode D 2 、D 4 、 。。。 、D 2N-2 A second auxiliary diode D 1 、D 3 、 。。。 、D 2N-3 And an auxiliary resistor R 1 、R 2 、 。。。 、R N-2 、R N-1 Are all N-1, and an auxiliary capacitor C 1 、C 2 、 。。。 、C N-1 、C N Is N, N auxiliary capacitors C 1 、C 2 、 。。。 、C N-1 、C N Sequentially connecting in series; and a common point between the ith auxiliary capacitor and the (i + 1) th auxiliary capacitor is connected to one end of the ith auxiliary resistor, and the other end of the ith auxiliary resistor is connected with an (N-i) th first auxiliary diode and an ith second auxiliary diode.
In addition, as shown in fig. 4, the inductor, the first to ith first switching devices, the ith flying capacitor, the ith second auxiliary diode, the ith auxiliary resistor, the (i + 1) th to nth auxiliary capacitors, the second rectifying device, and the input ac power supply are sequentially connected in series to form a loop.
In addition, as shown in fig. 4, the inductor, the input ac power supply, the first rectifying device, the first to N-i auxiliary capacitors, the N-i auxiliary resistor, the i-th first auxiliary diode, the i-th flying capacitor, and the i-th to first second switching devices are sequentially connected in series to form a loop.
In addition, as shown in fig. 4, the voltage regulator further includes N voltage regulator devices D W1 、D W2 、 。。。 、D W(N-1) 、D WN N voltage stabilizer devices D W1 、D W2 、 。。。 、D W(N-1) 、D WN Sequentially connected in series, and a first voltage regulator device D W1 Is connected to the first rectifying device Q 1 And a first auxiliary capacitor C 1 The nth voltage regulator device D WN Is connected to the second rectifying device Q 2 And an Nth auxiliary capacitor C N A common point of (a); the other end of the ith auxiliary resistor is also connected to a common point of the ith and (i + 1) th voltage stabilizing devices.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the switched-capacitor module 200 includes one or more inductors L 1 N-1 flying capacitors C needing to be pre-charged f1 、C f2 、 。。。 、C fN-1 And 2N switching devices, wherein the 2N switching devices include N first switching devices S 2 、S 4 、 。。。 、S 2N And N second switching devices S 1 、S 3 、 。。。 、S 2N-1 . An input alternating current power supply AC is connected with the input end of the rectifier module 100, a node where the output of the rectifier module 100 is connected with the positive end of the busbar capacitor 400 is marked as a positive node, and a node where the output of the rectifier module 100 is connected with the negative end of the busbar capacitor 400 is marked as a ground node; one end of an input AC power supply AC and an inductor L 1 Are connected to a first terminal of an inductor L 1 The second end of (a) is called as an intermediate node; second switching device S 1 、S 3 、 。。。 、S 2N-1 Are sequentially connected in series between the intermediate node and the ground node, wherein S 1 Is connected to the intermediate node, S 2N-1 Is connected to the ground node; s 1 Second pole of (1) and S 3 The first pole of the switch is connected, and the connected point is marked as a switch node 1; s 3 Second pole of (1) and S 5 The first pole of (2) is connected, and the connected point is marked as a switch node 3; by analogy of S 2N-3 Second pole of (1) and S 2N-1 The first pole of the switch is connected, and the connected point is marked as a switch node 2N-3; first switching device S 2 、S 4 、 。。。 、S 2N Sequentially connected in series between the intermediate node and the positive node, wherein S 2 Is connected to the intermediate node, S 2 First pole of (2)And S 4 Is connected, and the point of connection is marked as switch node 2; s. the 4 First pole of (1) and S 6 Is connected, and the point of connection is marked as a switch node 4; by analogy of S 2N-2 First pole of (1) and S 2N The second pole of the switch is connected, and the connected nodes are marked as switch nodes 2N-2; s. the 2N Is connected to the positive node. First flying capacitor C requiring pre-charging f1 Is connected to switch node 1 and to switch node 2; second flying capacitor C requiring pre-charging f2 Is connected to switch node 3 and to switch node 4; and so on, the N-1 st flying capacitor C needing pre-charging fN-1 Is connected to switch contact 2N-3 and a second terminal is connected to switch node 2N-2.
The auxiliary charging module comprises 2 (N-1) auxiliary diodes and N auxiliary capacitors C 1 、C 2 、 。。。 、C N-1 、C N N voltage stabilizing devices D W1 、D W2 、 。。。 、D W(N-1) 、D WN And N-1 auxiliary resistors R 1 、R 2 、 。。。 、R N-2 、R N-1 Wherein the 2 (N-1) auxiliary diodes include N-1 first auxiliary diodes D 2 、D 4 、 。。。 、D 2N-2 And N-1 second auxiliary diodes D 1 、D 3 、 。。。 、D 2N-3 . First auxiliary capacitor C 1 Is connected to the positive node, a first auxiliary capacitor C 1 Second terminal and second auxiliary capacitor C 2 The first ends of the first and second capacitors are connected, and the connected node is a capacitor node 1; a second auxiliary capacitor C 2 Second terminal and third auxiliary capacitor C 3 The first end of the capacitor is connected, the connected node is a capacitor node 2, and so on, the (N-1) th auxiliary capacitor C N-1 Second terminal and Nth auxiliary capacitor C N Is connected with the first end, the connected nodes are a capacitor node N-1 and an Nth auxiliary capacitor C N Is connected to the ground node; first voltage regulator device D W1 The first pole of the first voltage stabilizing device D is connected with the positive node W1 Second pole and second voltage regulator device D W2 Is connected with the first pole, the connected node is a voltage stabilizing node 1, and a second voltage stabilizing device D W2 Second pole and third voltage stabilizing device D W3 The first pole of the voltage stabilizing device D is connected, the connected node is a voltage stabilizing node 2, and so on, the (N-1) th voltage stabilizing device D W(N-1) Second pole and Nth voltage stabilizing device D WN The first pole of the first voltage stabilizer is connected, the connected node is a voltage stabilizing node N-1, and the Nth voltage stabilizer D WN Is connected to the ground node; first auxiliary resistor R 1 Is connected to the capacitor node 1, a first auxiliary resistor R 1 Is connected with a voltage stabilizing node 1, and an auxiliary resistor R 2 Is connected to the capacitor node 1, and an auxiliary resistor R 2 The second end of the resistor is connected with a voltage stabilizing node 2, and so on, the (N-1) th auxiliary resistor R N-1 Is connected with a capacitor node N-1, an N-1 th auxiliary resistor R N-1 And the second terminal of the first node is connected to a regulated voltage node N-1. Second auxiliary diode D 1 First pole of (1) and first flying capacitor C f1 Is connected to a first terminal of a second auxiliary diode D 1 Second pole and first voltage regulator device D W1 Is connected to a second pole of the first diode, a second auxiliary diode D 3 First pole and second flying capacitor C f2 Is connected to the first terminal of the second auxiliary diode D 3 Second pole and second voltage regulator D W2 Is connected with the second diode, and so on, the second auxiliary diode D 2N-3 First pole of (1) and (N-1) th flying capacitor C f(N-1) Is connected to a first terminal of a second auxiliary diode D 2N-3 The second pole and the (N-1) th voltage stabilizing device D W(N-1) The second poles of the first and second electrodes are connected; first auxiliary diode D 2 The first pole and the (N-1) th voltage stabilizing device D W(N-1) Is connected to a first auxiliary diode D 2 Second pole of (1) and flying capacitor C f1 Is connected to the second terminal of the first auxiliary diode D 4 The first pole and the (N-2) th voltage stabilizing device D W(N-2) Is connected to a first auxiliary diode D 4 Second pole of (2) and flying capacitor C f2 Is connected to the second terminal of the first auxiliary diode D, and so on 2N-2 First pole ofAnd the 1 st voltage regulator device D W1 Is connected to a first auxiliary diode D 2(N-1) Second pole of (1) and (N-1) th flying capacitor C f(N-1) Are connected to each other.
When the input alternating current power supply is switched on, namely the input alternating current power supply AC is electrified, when the voltage is in the positive half cycle of alternating current, the current passes through the inductor L 1 A first switching device S 2 And a flying capacitor C to be charged f1 Diode D 1 Auxiliary resistor R 1 And an auxiliary capacitor C 2 、C 3 、 。。。 、C N To flying capacitor C f1 And charging is carried out. By analogy, the current passes through the inductor L 1 A first switching device S 2 、S 4 、 。。。 、S 2N-2 Flying capacitor C to be charged fN-1 A second auxiliary diode D 2N-3 Auxiliary resistor R N-1 And an auxiliary capacitor C N To flying capacitor C fN-1 Charging is carried out; when the input is in the AC negative half cycle, the current passes through the rectifier module and then passes through the auxiliary capacitor C 1 、C 2 、 。。。 、C N-1 Auxiliary resistor R N-1 A first auxiliary diode D 2 And a flying capacitor C to be charged f1 A second switching device S 1 Inductor L 1 To flying capacitor C f1 And charging is carried out. By analogy, the current passes through the auxiliary capacitor C after passing through the rectifier module 1 Auxiliary resistor R 1 A first auxiliary diode D 2N-2 Flying capacitor C to be charged f(N-1) A second switching device S 2N-3 、 。。。 、S 1 Inductor L 1 To the capacitor C f(N-1) Charging, generally speaking, often requires alternating positive and negative half cycles to charge the flying capacitor to the design value.
It should be noted that the first pole, the second pole, the first end and the second end of the device are only used for descriptive distinction and have no significance in the sequence and in the significance.
In addition, as shown in fig. 5, fig. 5 is a circuit topology diagram of a three-level capacitor pre-charging circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, input ACThe power supply AC is connected into a full-bridge rectification module, and the positive output end of the rectification module is a first rectification device Q 1 Negative electrode and bus capacitor C o The positive end is connected with the negative output end of the rectifier module, namely the second rectifier device Q 2 Positive electrode and bus capacitor C o Negative terminal connected to the inductor L, and one terminal for inputting AC power supply AC 1 One end connected to an inductor L 1 The other end is connected with a second switching device S 1 First pole and first switching device S 2 Second pole of (1), second switching device S 1 Second pole and first switching device S 2 Across a flying capacitor C f1 First switching device S 2 A first electrode connected to the first switching device S 4 Second pole, first switching device S 4 First pole of the capacitor is connected to a bus capacitor C o A positive terminal; second switching device S 1 Second pole of (S) is connected to the second switching device S 3 First pole of (1), second switching device S 3 Second pole and bus capacitor C o The negative ends are connected; the auxiliary charging module is composed of a second auxiliary diode D 1 A first auxiliary diode D 2 Voltage regulator device D w1 、D w2 Auxiliary resistor R 1 And an auxiliary capacitor C 1 、C 2 Forming; auxiliary capacitance C 1 、C 2 After being connected in series with a bus capacitor C o Parallel voltage-stabilizing device D w1 、D w2 After being connected in series with a bus capacitor C o Parallel voltage-stabilizing device D w1 First pole of (3) is connected with an auxiliary resistor R 1 First terminal of (2), auxiliary resistor R 1 Second terminal and auxiliary capacitor C 1 、C 2 Are connected in series. Second auxiliary diode D 1 First pole of the first capacitor is connected with a flying capacitor C f1 A first terminal of (D), a second auxiliary diode D 1 Second pole of (3) is connected with an auxiliary resistor R 1 A first auxiliary diode D 2 Second pole of the flying capacitor C f1 A first auxiliary diode D 2 First pole of (3) is connected with an auxiliary resistor R 1 The first end of (a).
In this embodiment, it is necessary to use a flying capacitor C f1 Is charged to the bus capacitor C o 1/2 of the voltage value when AC is inputThe AC input of the power supply is powered on, and when the AC input is in the positive half cycle, the current passes through the inductor L 1 A first switching device S 2 Flying capacitor C f1 A second auxiliary diode D 1 Auxiliary resistor R 1 And an auxiliary capacitor C 2 A second rectifying device Q 2 Form a loop to the flying capacitor C f1 Charging, after a period of time, the voltage is stable, and at the moment, the flying capacitor C f1 The voltage is less than 1/2 of the output voltage; when the AC input is at the negative half cycle, the current passes through the first rectifying device Q 1 And an auxiliary capacitor C 1 Auxiliary resistor R 1 A first auxiliary diode D 2 Flying capacitor C f1 A second switching device S 1 Inductor L 1 Form a loop to give the flying capacitor C again f1 Charging, and further increasing the flying capacitor voltage; after positive and negative half cycles are alternately charged for several cycles, the flying capacitor C f1 The voltage value of the voltage stabilizing circuit is stabilized at a bus capacitor C o 1/2 of the voltage value.
In addition, as shown in fig. 6, fig. 6 is a circuit topology diagram of a four-level capacitor pre-charging circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, it is necessary to use a flying capacitor C f1 Precharge to bus capacitor C o 1/3 of voltage value, flying capacitor C f2 Precharge to bus capacitor C o 2/3 of the voltage value.
Specifically, an input alternating current power supply AC is connected into a full-bridge rectification module, and the positive output end of the rectification module is a first rectification device Q 1 Negative electrode and bus capacitor C o The positive end is connected with the negative output end of the rectifier module, namely the second rectifier device Q 2 Positive electrode and bus capacitor C o The negative end is connected with one end of an input alternating current power supply AC and the inductor L 1 Are connected to a first terminal of an inductor L 1 Second terminal and second switching device S 1 First pole, first switching device S 2 Is connected to the second pole of the first switching device S 2 First pole of (1) and first switching device S 4 Is connected to the second pole of the first switching device S 4 First pole of (1) and first switching device S 6 Is connected to the second pole of the first switching device S 6 First pole and bus capacitor C o The positive ends are connected; second switching device S 1 Second pole and second switching device S 3 Is connected to the first pole of the first switching device S 3 Second pole and second switching device S 5 Is connected to the first pole of the second switching device S 5 Second pole and bus capacitor C o Is connected to the negative terminal. To achieve the flying capacitor C f1 Precharge to bus capacitor C o 1/3 of voltage value, flying capacitor C f2 Precharge to bus capacitor C o The charging effect of 2/3 of the voltage value is realized, and the auxiliary charging module adopts 3 auxiliary capacitors C 1 、C 2 、C 3 After being connected in series with a bus capacitor C o Parallel auxiliary capacitor C 1 First end of the first terminal is connected with a bus capacitor C o Positive terminal of (1), auxiliary capacitor C 1 Second terminal and auxiliary capacitor C 2 Is connected to an auxiliary capacitor C 2 Second terminal and auxiliary capacitor C 3 Is connected to an auxiliary capacitor C 3 Second terminal of (2) is connected with a bus capacitor C o The negative terminal of (a). Voltage stabilizer D w1 First pole of (2) and bus capacitor C o Is connected with the positive terminal of the voltage stabilizing device D w1 Second pole and voltage regulator device D w2 Is connected to the first pole of the voltage stabilizing device D w2 Second pole and voltage regulator device D w3 Is connected to a first pole of a voltage stabilizing device D w3 Second pole and bus capacitor C o Is connected to the negative terminal. Auxiliary resistor R 1 First terminal and voltage regulator device D w1 Is connected to the second pole of the auxiliary resistor R 1 Second terminal and auxiliary capacitor C 1 Is connected to the second terminal of the auxiliary resistor R 2 First terminal and voltage regulator device D w2 Is connected to the second pole of the auxiliary resistor R2, the second end of the auxiliary resistor R2 and the auxiliary capacitor C 2 Are connected with each other; second auxiliary diode D 1 First pole of (1) and flying capacitor C f1 Is connected to a first terminal of a second auxiliary diode D 1 Second pole and auxiliary resistor R 1 Are connected with each other; first auxiliary diode D 2 Second pole of (1) and flying capacitor C f1 Is connected to the second terminal of the first auxiliary diode D 2 First pole of (3) and auxiliary resistor R 2 Are connected with each other; second auxiliary diode D3First pole of (1) and flying capacitor C f2 Is connected to a first terminal of a second auxiliary diode D 3 Second pole and auxiliary resistor R 2 Are connected with each other; first auxiliary diode D 4 Second pole of (1) and flying capacitor C f2 Is connected to the second terminal of the first auxiliary diode D 2 First pole of (2) and auxiliary resistor R 1 Are connected to each other.
When an input alternating current power supply AC input is electrified and the input is in an alternating current positive half cycle, the flying capacitor C f1 The charging loop of (1) is as follows: inductor L 1 A first switching device S 2 Flying capacitor C f1 A second auxiliary diode D 1 Auxiliary resistor R 1 And an auxiliary capacitor C 2 And an auxiliary capacitor C 3 A second rectifying device Q 2 (ii) a Flying capacitor C f2 The charging loop is as follows: inductor L 1 A first switching device S 2 A first switching device S 4 Flying capacitor C f2 A second auxiliary diode D 3 Auxiliary resistor R 2 And an auxiliary capacitor C 3 A second rectifying device Q 2 . When the input is in the negative half cycle of AC, the flying capacitor C f1 The charging loop is as follows: first rectifying device Q 1 And an auxiliary capacitor C 1 And an auxiliary capacitor C 2 And an auxiliary resistor R 2 A first auxiliary diode D 2 Flying capacitor C f1 A second switching device S 1 Inductor L 1 (ii) a Flying capacitor C f2 The charging loop of (1) is as follows: the high-voltage power supply comprises a first rectifying device Q1, an auxiliary capacitor C1, an auxiliary resistor R1, a first auxiliary diode D4 and a flying capacitor C f2 A second switching device S 3 A second switching device S 1 Inductor L 1 . After the positive and negative half cycles are alternately charged for several cycles, the flying capacitor C f1 Is stabilized at a set value V 1 Flying capacitor C f2 Is stabilized at a set value V 2 。
Based on the multi-level Rong Yuchong circuit of fig. 3-6, an embodiment of the invention further provides a power supply device including, but not limited to, the multi-level capacitor pre-charge circuit of fig. 3-6.
It should be noted that, the embodiments and technical effects of the power supply device according to the embodiments of the present invention can be referred to the above-mentioned embodiments and technical effects of the multi-level capacitor pre-charging circuit.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing and various other changes, omissions and deviations in the form and detail thereof may be made without departing from the scope of this invention.
Claims (10)
1. A multi-level power Rong Yuchong circuit comprising:
the rectifier module comprises a first rectifier device and a second rectifier device;
the switched capacitor module comprises an inductor, a flying capacitor, a plurality of first switching devices and a plurality of second switching devices, wherein the first switching devices are sequentially connected in series, the second switching devices are sequentially connected in series, the inductor, the second switching devices, the second rectifying devices and the input alternating current power supply are sequentially connected in series, one end of the flying capacitor is connected to a common point between two adjacent first switching devices, and the other end of the flying capacitor is connected to a common point between two adjacent second switching devices;
the auxiliary charging module comprises a first auxiliary diode, a second auxiliary diode, an auxiliary resistor and a plurality of auxiliary capacitors, wherein the inductor, the first switching device, the flying capacitor, the second auxiliary diode, the auxiliary resistor, the auxiliary capacitor, the second rectifying device and the input alternating current power supply are sequentially connected in series to form a loop; the inductor, the input alternating current power supply, the first rectifying device, the auxiliary capacitor, the auxiliary resistor, the first auxiliary diode, the flying capacitor and the second switching device are sequentially connected in series to form a loop.
2. The multi-level Rong Yuchong circuit of claim 1 wherein: the number of the first switching devices and the number of the second switching devices are both N, and the number of the flying capacitors is N-1; an ith flying capacitor is connected in parallel between a common point between the ith first switching device and the (i + 1) th first switching device and a common point between the ith second switching device and the (i + 1) th second switching device, wherein N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, and i is a positive integer less than N.
3. The multi-level Rong Yuchong circuit of claim 2 wherein: the number of the first auxiliary diodes, the number of the second auxiliary diodes and the number of the auxiliary resistors are all N-1, the number of the auxiliary capacitors is N, and the N auxiliary capacitors are sequentially connected in series; the common point between the ith auxiliary capacitor and the (i + 1) th auxiliary capacitor is connected to one end of the ith auxiliary resistor, and the other end of the ith auxiliary resistor is connected with the (N-i) th first auxiliary diode and the ith second auxiliary diode.
4. The multi-level Rong Yuchong circuit of claim 3 wherein:
the inductor, the first to ith first switching devices, the ith flying capacitor, the ith second auxiliary diode, the ith auxiliary resistor, the (i + 1) th to nth auxiliary capacitors, the second rectifying device and the input alternating current power supply are sequentially connected in series to form a loop;
the inductor, the input alternating current power supply, the first rectifying device, the first to the Nth auxiliary capacitors, the Nth to the i-th auxiliary resistors, the ith first auxiliary diode, the ith flying capacitor and the ith to the first second switching device are sequentially connected in series to form a loop.
5. The multi-level Rong Yuchong circuit of claim 3 or 4 further comprising N voltage stabilizing devices connected in series, a first one of the voltage stabilizing devices connected at one end to a common point of the first rectifying device and the first auxiliary capacitor, and an Nth one of the voltage stabilizing devices connected at one end to a common point of the second rectifying device and the Nth auxiliary capacitor; the other end of the ith auxiliary resistor is also connected to a common point of the ith and (i + 1) th voltage regulator devices.
6. The multi-level Rong Yuchong circuit of claim 1 further comprising a bus capacitor having one end connected to a common point of said first rectifying device and a first of said auxiliary capacitors and another end connected to a common point of said second rectifying device and an nth of said auxiliary capacitors.
7. The multi-level Rong Yuchong circuit of any of claims 1-4 and 6, wherein the first rectifying device and the second rectifying device are one of: diode, MOS tube, IGBT or TVS tube.
8. The multi-level Rong Yuchong circuit of any of claims 1-4 and 6, wherein the first and second switching devices are a single switching tube or are formed by multiple switching tubes connected in parallel or in series.
9. The multi-level Rong Yuchong circuit of claim 8 wherein the switching tube is one of: MOS transistor, IGBT or TVS transistor.
10. A power supply apparatus characterized by: comprising a multi-level capacitor pre-charge circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110972431.4A CN115720049A (en) | 2021-08-24 | 2021-08-24 | Multi-level capacitor pre-charging circuit and power supply equipment |
| PCT/CN2022/109792 WO2023024848A1 (en) | 2021-08-24 | 2022-08-02 | Multi-level capacitive pre-charging circuit and power supply device |
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| CN202110972431.4A CN115720049A (en) | 2021-08-24 | 2021-08-24 | Multi-level capacitor pre-charging circuit and power supply equipment |
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| CN115720049A true CN115720049A (en) | 2023-02-28 |
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