CN115714532B - Dual-switch direct-current boost converter based on coupling inductance voltage doubling unit and control method - Google Patents
Dual-switch direct-current boost converter based on coupling inductance voltage doubling unit and control method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115714532B CN115714532B CN202211391271.5A CN202211391271A CN115714532B CN 115714532 B CN115714532 B CN 115714532B CN 202211391271 A CN202211391271 A CN 202211391271A CN 115714532 B CN115714532 B CN 115714532B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- diode
- power switch
- switching mode
- capacitor
- output
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
Landscapes
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a double-switch direct-current boost converter based on a coupling inductance voltage doubling unit and a control method. Belongs to the technical field of power electronic converters. The double-switch direct-current boost converter based on the coupling inductance voltage doubling unit comprises a direct-current voltage source, the coupling inductance voltage doubling unit and a direct-current converter output unit. The coupling inductance voltage doubling unit is composed of a diode, a capacitor and a coupling inductance. The DC converter output unit consists of an output diode, an output capacitor and a load resistor. The double-switch direct-current boost converter based on the coupling inductance voltage doubling unit greatly improves voltage gain.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power electronic converters, and particularly relates to a double-switch direct-current boost converter based on a coupling inductance voltage doubling unit and a control method.
Background
The boost converter is widely applied to a front-stage converter of a distributed power system to realize the boost function. The traditional Boost converter circuit topology is a Boost circuit, in theory, the voltage gain of the Boost circuit increases along with the increase of the duty ratio, however, in consideration of the parasitic equivalent series impedance in the actual circuit, the actual gain of the Boost circuit does not always become larger along with the increase of the duty ratio, so that the Boost capability of the Boost circuit is very limited, and the Boost circuit is not suitable for the occasion of high-voltage gain direct current power conversion.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a double-switch direct-current boost converter based on a coupling inductance voltage doubling unit and a control method.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme, the invention provides a double-switch direct-current boost converter based on a coupling inductance voltage doubling unit, and the converter specifically comprises: DC voltage source V in Coupled inductor winding N 1 Capacitance C 1 Diode D 1 Power switch S 2 Coupled inductor winding N 2 Diode D 3 Output diode D o Output capacitance C o Resistor R, power switch S 1 Diode D 2 And capacitor C 2 ；
DC voltage source V in Positive pole of (a) and coupled inductance winding N 1 Is connected with the positive pole of the coupling inductance winding N 1 Cathode, capacitor C of (2) 1 Cathode, diode D 1 Positive electrode of (a) and power switch S 2 Is connected with the drain electrode of the capacitor C 1 Positive pole and coupling inductance winding N 2 Positive electrode of (a)Connected, coupled inductance winding N 2 Cathode, diode D of (2) 1 Cathode, diode D of (2) 3 Positive electrode of (D) and output diode D o Is connected with the positive electrode of the battery; output diode D o Cathode and output capacitance C of (2) o The positive electrode of (C) is connected with one end of the resistor R, and the capacitor C is output o Cathode of resistor R, other end of resistor R, power switch S 2 Source of (D) diode D 2 Positive electrode of (C) and capacitor (C) 2 Is connected with one end of the connecting rod; capacitor C 2 And the other end of the power switch S 1 Drain of (D) and diode D 3 Is connected with the cathode of the battery; DC voltage source V in Cathode, diode D of (2) 2 Cathode of (a) and power switch S 1 Is connected to the source of (c).
The invention provides a control method of a double-switch direct-current boost converter based on a coupling inductance voltage-multiplying unit, which is based on a control signal V of the double-switch direct-current boost converter of the coupling inductance voltage-multiplying unit gs Simultaneously controlling power switch S 1 、S 2 Is connected with the power supply; the whole control process is divided into 4 switching modes, namely a switching mode 1, a switching mode 2, a switching mode 3 and a switching mode 4.
Further, the switching mode 1 corresponds to a time period [ t ] 1 ,t 2 ]At this stage, the power switch tube S 1 And S is 2 Conducting, DC voltage V in And capacitor C 2 Through power switch tube S 1 To the coupled inductor winding N 1 Charging; coupling inductor winding N due to magnetic induction principles 2 Through diode D 1 Give electric capacity C 1 Charging; output diode D o Diode D 2 、D 3 Reverse bias cut-off, output capacitor C o The load resistor R is independently powered and mode 1 ends.
Further, the switching mode 2 corresponds to a time period [ t ] 2 ,t 3 ]At this stage, the power switch tube S 1 And S is 2 Turn-off, DC voltage V in And capacitor C 2 Parasitic capacitance and coupling inductance winding N for power switch 1 Charging, modality 2 ends.
Further, switching mode 3, corresponding to timeInterval [ t ] 3 ,t 4 ]Power switch tube S 1 And S is 2 Remain off, diode D 1 Reverse bias cut-off, DC voltage V in Capacitance C 1 And a coupling inductance winding N 1 、N 2 Through the output diode D o For load resistor R and output capacitor C o Supplying power while DC voltage V in Capacitance C 1 And a coupling inductance winding N 1 、N 2 Through the output diode D 2 And D 3 Give electric capacity C 2 Charging when coupling the inductance winding current i N1 、i N2 When it is minimized, modality 3 ends.
Further, the switching mode 4 corresponds to a time period [ t ] 4 ,t 5 ]Or [ t ] 0 ,t 1 ]Power switch tube S 1 And S is 2 On, power switch tube S 1 And S is 2 And when the energy release is completed, mode 4 ends.
Further, the gain expression obtainable according to the above-described modal control is:
G＝(n+1)/(1-n-2D)
wherein D is a power switch tube S 1 And S is 2 On duty ratio, the working range is (0, 1), the turn ratio of the coupling inductance is n=n 2 :N 1 。
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a dual-switch DC boost converter based on a coupled inductor voltage doubling unit;
FIG. 2 is a main waveform diagram of a dual-switch DC boost converter based on a coupled inductor voltage doubling unit;
FIG. 3 is an equivalent circuit diagram of each switching mode; wherein (a) is an equivalent circuit diagram of a switching mode 1 of the double-switch direct-current boost converter based on a coupling inductance voltage doubling unit; (b) An equivalent circuit diagram of a switching mode 2 of the double-switch direct-current boost converter based on a coupling inductance voltage doubling unit; (c) An equivalent circuit diagram of a switching mode 3 of the double-switch direct-current boost converter based on a coupling inductance voltage doubling unit; (d) An equivalent circuit diagram of a switching mode 4 of the double-switch direct-current boost converter based on a coupling inductance voltage doubling unit;
FIG. 4 shows the voltage V in =50v, output voltage V o Experimental waveform at=250v.
The reference numerals in the figures illustrate: v (V) in Is a direct current voltage source, S 1 、S 2 Is a power switch tube D 1 Is a first diode, D 2 Is a second diode D 3 Is a third diode D o For the output diode, C o Is output capacitance, R is load resistance, N 1 、N 2 For two windings of the coupling inductance, the turns ratio of the coupling inductance is n=n 2 :N 1 。
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention provides a double-switch direct-current boost converter based on a coupling inductance voltage doubling unit, and belongs to the technical field of power electronic converters. The double-switch direct-current boost converter based on the coupling inductance voltage doubling unit comprises a direct-current voltage source, the coupling inductance voltage doubling unit and a direct-current converter output unit. The coupling inductance voltage doubling unit is composed of a diode, a capacitor and a coupling inductance. The DC converter output unit consists of an output diode, an output capacitor and a load resistor. The double-switch direct-current boost converter based on the coupling inductance voltage doubling unit greatly improves voltage gain.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention specifically proposes a dual-switch dc boost converter based on a coupled inductive voltage doubling unit, the converter specifically comprising: DC voltage source V in Coupled inductor winding N 1 Capacitance C 1 Diode D 1 Power switch S 2 Coupled inductor winding N 2 Diode D 3 Output diode D o Output ofCapacitor C o Resistor R, power switch S 1 Diode D 2 And capacitor C 2 ；
DC voltage source V in Positive pole of (a) and coupled inductance winding N 1 Is connected with the positive pole of the coupling inductance winding N 1 Cathode, capacitor C of (2) 1 Cathode, diode D 1 Positive electrode of (a) and power switch S 2 Is connected with the drain electrode of the capacitor C 1 Positive pole and coupling inductance winding N 2 Is connected with the positive pole of the coupling inductance winding N 2 Cathode, diode D of (2) 1 Cathode, diode D of (2) 3 Positive electrode of (D) and output diode D o Is connected with the positive electrode of the battery; output diode D o Cathode and output capacitance C of (2) o The positive electrode of (C) is connected with one end of the resistor R, and the capacitor C is output o Cathode of resistor R, other end of resistor R, power switch S 2 Source of (D) diode D 2 Positive electrode of (C) and capacitor (C) 2 Is connected with one end of the connecting rod; capacitor C 2 And the other end of the power switch S 1 Drain of (D) and diode D 3 Is connected with the cathode of the battery; DC voltage source V in Cathode, diode D of (2) 2 Cathode of (a) and power switch S 1 Is connected to the source of (c).
The working principle and working process of the invention are as follows:
the invention provides a control method of a double-switch direct-current boost converter based on a coupling inductance voltage-multiplying unit, which is based on a control signal V of the double-switch direct-current boost converter of the coupling inductance voltage-multiplying unit gs Simultaneously controlling power switch S 1 、S 2 Is connected with the power supply; the whole control process is divided into 4 switching modes, namely a switching mode 1, a switching mode 2, a switching mode 3 and a switching mode 4. Winding current i of coupled inductor N1 、i N2 Diode D 1 Voltage V of (2) D1 Diode D 2 Voltage V of (2) D2 Diode D 3 Voltage V of (2) D3 Output diode D o Voltage V of (2) Do Power switch S 1 Voltage V of (2) S1 Power switch S 2 Voltage V of (2) S2 As shown in fig. 2, the entire control process is specifically described as:
Switching mode 2, corresponding to time period [ t ] in FIG. 2 2 ,t 3 ]The equivalent circuit is shown in FIG. 3 (b), at this stage, the power switch S 1 And S is 2 Turn-off, DC voltage V in And capacitor C 2 Parasitic capacitance and coupling inductance winding N for power switch 1 Charging, modality 2 ends.
Switching mode 3, corresponding to time period [ t ] in FIG. 2 3 ,t 4 ]As shown in fig. 3 (c), the equivalent circuit is a power switch tube S 1 And S is 2 Remain off, diode D 1 Reverse bias cut-off, DC voltage V in Capacitance C 1 And a coupling inductance winding N 1 、N 2 Through the output diode D o For load resistor R and output capacitor C o Supplying power while DC voltage V in Capacitance C 1 And a coupling inductance winding N 1 、N 2 Through the output diode D 2 And D 3 Give electric capacity C 2 Charging when coupling the inductance winding current i N1 、i N2 When it is minimized, modality 3 ends.
Switching mode 4, corresponding to time period [ t ] in FIG. 2 4 ,t 5 ]Or [ t ] 0 ,t 1 ]As shown in fig. 3 (d), the equivalent circuit is a power switch tube S 1 And S is 2 On, power switch tube S 1 And S is 2 And when the energy release is completed, mode 4 ends.
The gain expression obtained according to the above-described mode control is:
G＝(n+1)/(1-n-2D)
wherein D is a power switch tube S 1 And S is 2 On duty ratio, the working range is (0, 1), the turn ratio of the coupling inductance is n=n 2 :N 1 。
The following data through specific experiments illustrate the beneficial effects of the structure of the invention:
as shown in fig. 4, the input voltage V in =50v, output voltage V o =250v, n=0.5, d=0.1, and load resistance r=250Ω. Fig. 4 (a) shows an output capacitor voltage of about 250V and an input voltage of 50V. FIG. 4 (b) shows a switching tube S 1 Voltage peak value about 250V, switch tube S 2 The voltage peak is about 82V. FIG. 4 (c) shows a diode D 1 Voltage peak about 166V, diode D 2 、D 3 The voltage peak is about 250V. FIG. 4 (d) shows a coupled inductor winding N 1 Current and coupled inductor winding N 2 A current. As can be seen from the figure, the dual-switch dc boost converter based on the coupled inductor voltage doubling unit has a higher voltage gain.
The present invention provides a dual-switch dc boost converter based on a coupled inductor voltage doubling unit and a control method thereof, and specific examples are applied to illustrate the principles and embodiments of the present invention, and the above description of the examples is only for helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention; meanwhile, as those skilled in the art will have variations in the specific embodiments and application scope in accordance with the ideas of the present invention, the present description should not be construed as limiting the present invention in view of the above.
Claims (3)
1. A dual-switch dc boost converter based on a coupled inductor voltage doubling unit, the converter comprising: DC voltage source V in Coupled inductor winding N 1 Capacitance C 1 Diode D 1 Power switch S 2 Coupled inductor winding N 2 Diode D 3 Output diode D o Output capacitance C o Load resistor R and power switchS 1 Diode D 2 And capacitor C 2 ；
DC voltage source V in Positive pole of (a) and coupled inductance winding N 1 Is connected with the positive pole of the coupling inductance winding N 1 Cathode, capacitor C of (2) 1 Cathode, diode D 1 Positive electrode of (a) and power switch S 2 Is connected with the drain electrode of the capacitor C 1 Positive pole and coupling inductance winding N 2 Is connected with the positive pole of the coupling inductance winding N 2 Cathode, diode D of (2) 1 Cathode, diode D of (2) 3 Positive electrode of (D) and output diode D o Is connected with the positive electrode of the battery; output diode D o Cathode and output capacitance C of (2) o An output capacitor C connected with the positive electrode of the load resistor R o Cathode of load resistor R, other end of load resistor R, power switch S 2 Source of (D) diode D 2 Positive electrode of (C) and capacitor (C) 2 Is connected with one end of the connecting rod; capacitor C 2 And the other end of the power switch S 1 Drain of (D) and diode D 3 Is connected with the cathode of the battery; DC voltage source V in Cathode, diode D of (2) 2 Cathode of (a) and power switch S 1 Is connected to the source of (c).
2. The control method for a dual-switch direct-current boost converter based on a coupled inductor voltage doubling unit according to claim 1, wherein the control signal V of the dual-switch direct-current boost converter based on the coupled inductor voltage doubling unit gs Simultaneously controlling power switch S 1 、S 2 Is connected with the power supply; the whole control process is divided into 4 switching modes, namely a switching mode 1, a switching mode 2, a switching mode 3 and a switching mode 4;
switching mode 1, corresponding to time period [ t ] 1 ,t 2 ]At this stage, the power switch S 1 And S is 2 Conduction, DC voltage source V in And capacitor C 2 Through power switch S 1 To the coupled inductor winding N 1 Charging; coupling inductor winding N due to magnetic induction principles 2 Through diode D 1 Give electric capacity C 1 Charging; output diode D o Diode D 2 、D 3 Reverse bias cut-off, output capacitor C o The load resistor R is independently powered, and the switching mode 1 is ended;
switching mode 2, corresponding to time period [ t ] 2 ,t 3 ]At this stage, the power switch S 1 And S is 2 Turn-off, DC voltage source V in And capacitor C 2 Power supply switch S 1 And S is 2 Parasitic capacitance and coupled inductance winding N of (a) 1 Charging, and ending the switching mode 2;
switching mode 3, corresponding to time period [ t ] 3 ,t 4 ]Power switch S 1 And S is 2 Remain off, diode D 1 Reverse bias cut-off, DC voltage source V in Capacitance C 1 And a coupling inductance winding N 1 、N 2 Through the output diode D o For load resistor R and output capacitor C o Power supply, at the same time, a DC voltage source V in Capacitance C 1 And a coupling inductance winding N 1 、N 2 Through the output diode D 2 And D 3 Give electric capacity C 2 Charging, when coupling the inductance winding N 1 、N 2 Is the current i of (2) N1 、i N2 When the switching mode is reduced to the lowest, the switching mode 3 is ended;
switching mode 4, corresponding to time period [ t ] 4 ,t 5 ]Or [ t ] 0 ,t 1 ]Power switch S 1 And S is 2 On, power switch S 1 And S is 2 And when the energy release is completed, the switching mode 4 is ended.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the gain expression obtainable according to the mode control is:
G＝(n+1)/(1-n-2D)
wherein D is a power switch S 1 And S is 2 The duty ratio is conducted, the working range is (0, 1), and the coupling inductance winding N 2 、N 1 The turns ratio of n=n 2 :N 1 。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211391271.5A CN115714532B (en) | 2022-11-08 | 2022-11-08 | Dual-switch direct-current boost converter based on coupling inductance voltage doubling unit and control method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211391271.5A CN115714532B (en) | 2022-11-08 | 2022-11-08 | Dual-switch direct-current boost converter based on coupling inductance voltage doubling unit and control method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115714532A CN115714532A (en) | 2023-02-24 |
| CN115714532B true CN115714532B (en) | 2023-07-07 |
Family
ID=85232475
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211391271.5A Active CN115714532B (en) | 2022-11-08 | 2022-11-08 | Dual-switch direct-current boost converter based on coupling inductance voltage doubling unit and control method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN115714532B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117335663B (en) * | 2023-09-07 | 2024-05-07 | 东北电力大学 | L-source direct-current boost converter based on inverted-L-shaped coupling inductance voltage doubling unit and control method thereof |
| CN117614267B (en) * | 2023-11-20 | 2024-05-17 | 东北电力大学 | Gamma source coupling inductance double-switch direct-current boost network converter and control method thereof |
| CN117614266B (en) * | 2023-11-20 | 2024-05-07 | 东北电力大学 | Direct-current boost network converter with direct-proportion type anti-gamma source coupling inductance and double switches and control method thereof |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105471253A (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2016-04-06 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | T-type coupling inductance network boost converter |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7161331B2 (en) * | 2005-04-11 | 2007-01-09 | Yuan Ze University | Boost converter utilizing bi-directional magnetic energy transfer of coupling inductor |
| JP4714250B2 (en) * | 2008-09-10 | 2011-06-29 | 株式会社日立製作所 | DC-DC converter |
| CN101783588B (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2012-07-25 | 杭州浙大太阳电气有限公司 | Passive and nondestructive clamping single-phase high-gain converter |
| CN201699584U (en) * | 2010-06-22 | 2011-01-05 | 上海寅稞电子科技有限公司 | High efficiency step-up converter for solar distributed power generation |
| US9929654B2 (en) * | 2015-08-17 | 2018-03-27 | The Curators Of The University Of Missouri | High voltage gain DC/DC power electronic converters |
| CN108880240A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2018-11-23 | 东南大学 | Compound double asymmetric voltage doubling unit DC-DC converters |
| CN209120060U (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2019-07-16 | 许继电气股份有限公司 | High-gain DC/DC converter and power-supply system based on coupling inductance |
| CN216699827U (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2022-06-07 | 青岛理工大学 | High-gain double-switch coupling inductance DC-DC converter |
-
2022
- 2022-11-08 CN CN202211391271.5A patent/CN115714532B/en active Active
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105471253A (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2016-04-06 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | T-type coupling inductance network boost converter |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN115714532A (en) | 2023-02-24 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN115714532B (en) | Dual-switch direct-current boost converter based on coupling inductance voltage doubling unit and control method | |
| CN109039067B (en) | Voltage-multiplying type three-winding coupling inductance high-gain direct current converter | |
| CN114629349B (en) | Improved high-frequency high-step-up ratio SEPIC converter based on switching inductance | |
| CN115765447B (en) | Dual-coupling inductance series direct current boost converter and control method | |
| CN115714533B (en) | High-gain X-source direct-current boost converter based on coupling inductance voltage doubling unit and control method | |
| TW201737607A (en) | Interleaved boost converter comprising first to second transformers, first to second input capacitors, first to six diodes, and first to second switches and first to third output capacitors | |
| CN105471291A (en) | Flyback type AC-DC voltage conversion circuit and flyback type voltage converter | |
| CN115642799B (en) | High-gain coupling inductance Z-source direct-current boost converter and control method | |
| CN117614267B (en) | Gamma source coupling inductance double-switch direct-current boost network converter and control method thereof | |
| CN210444179U (en) | Buck current feed push-pull topology series resonance circuit | |
| CN113938003A (en) | Bidirectional common-current DC/DC converter and method using coupling inductor | |
| TWI694667B (en) | High boost converter | |
| CN117614266B (en) | Direct-current boost network converter with direct-proportion type anti-gamma source coupling inductance and double switches and control method thereof | |
| CN112953240A (en) | High-gain energy storage buck converter based on coupling inductor | |
| CN103490625B (en) | A kind of boost type DC converter | |
| CN109713896B (en) | High-gain boost converter with inverse square characteristic and control method thereof | |
| CN113507229A (en) | Wide-input step-down inversion system based on switched capacitor network and control method | |
| CN117335663B (en) | L-source direct-current boost converter based on inverted-L-shaped coupling inductance voltage doubling unit and control method thereof | |
| KR20210147548A (en) | Dc-dc converter | |
| CN117335661A (en) | L-source direct-current boost converter based on T-type coupling inductance voltage doubling unit and control method thereof | |
| CN117639497A (en) | Inverse proportion type coupling inductance X source direct current boost network converter and control method thereof | |
| CN117614265A (en) | Direct-current boost network converter with proportional coupling inductance and control method thereof | |
| CN216774617U (en) | High-gain Buck-Boost direct current converter | |
| CN117335662A (en) | L-source direct-current boost converter based on gamma-type coupling inductance voltage doubling unit and control method thereof | |
| CN117639498A (en) | Multi-turn ratio degree of freedom Y-type coupled inductance direct current boost network converter and control method thereof |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |