CN115514021B - Fault regulation and control method and system for distributed photovoltaic power station and computer equipment - Google Patents
Fault regulation and control method and system for distributed photovoltaic power station and computer equipment Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H02J3/466—Scheduling the operation of the generators, e.g. connecting or disconnecting generators to meet a given demand
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/001—Methods to deal with contingencies, e.g. abnormalities, faults or failures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S50/00—Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
- H02S50/10—Testing of PV devices, e.g. of PV modules or single PV cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
- H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of distributed photovoltaic power stations, solves the technical problems that a photovoltaic device cannot timely quit a system and automatically cut off isolation when the photovoltaic device fails, and particularly relates to a fault regulation and control method, a system and computer equipment of a distributed photovoltaic power station, wherein the fault regulation and control method comprises the following steps: s1, obtaining an average value D of a plurality of combiner box group current of a photovoltaic power station in a time period T; s2, calculating a weighted average M of the photovoltaic power station group current dispersion rate in the time period T according to the average D; and S3, judging whether the photovoltaic power station is in a stable operation state or not according to the standard discrete rate threshold value P. According to the invention, the running stability of the photovoltaic equipment is judged by circularly monitoring the running stability of the photovoltaic equipment, the photovoltaic equipment with faults is forced to stop running, and the photovoltaic equipment with faults can be quickly cut off and isolated out of the whole system when a certain group of strings has faults, so that the normal running of other equipment is ensured, and the adverse effect on the whole photovoltaic system is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of distributed photovoltaic power stations, in particular to a fault regulation and control method, a fault regulation and control system and computer equipment of a distributed photovoltaic power station.
Background
In the application of a distributed photovoltaic power station, a plurality of combiner boxes can only monitor currents of the group strings, the situation that the battery pack flows backwards when the battery panel is partially shielded cannot be automatically controlled, and a fuse is blown or even the battery pack is burnt out under the serious situation, so that the accident caused by the hot spot effect is most prominent.
When a hot spot effect or other faults occur to photovoltaic equipment, the faulty photovoltaic equipment can affect the whole photovoltaic power station, and the whole system is in a paralyzed state due to the fact that the system is disordered seriously, and the control system of the existing distributed photovoltaic power station can not be cut off and isolated timely when a certain photovoltaic equipment is in fault, and the faulty equipment is forced to exit the whole photovoltaic system, so that the whole photovoltaic system can not run normally, and the difficulty in eliminating the fault is increased due to the fact that an initial fault causes a conflict, and the fault equipment can not be cut off timely when the fault occurs, so that the corresponding equipment is seriously damaged, and therefore, the maintenance cost and the economic loss of the photovoltaic equipment are improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a fault regulation and control method, a system and computer equipment of a distributed photovoltaic power station, and solves the technical problem that the photovoltaic equipment cannot exit the system in time and can automatically cut off isolation when the photovoltaic equipment fails.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a fault regulation and control method of a distributed photovoltaic power station comprises the following steps:
s1, obtaining an average value D of a plurality of combiner box group current of a photovoltaic power station in a time period T;
s2, calculating a weighted average M of the photovoltaic power station group current dispersion rate in the time period T according to the average D;
s3, judging whether the photovoltaic power station is in a stable operation state or not according to the standard discrete rate threshold value P;
if the weighted average value M is not more than the standard dispersion rate threshold value P, the photovoltaic power station is in a stable operation state, the step S1 is returned, and the next time period T +1 is judged again;
if the weighted average value M is larger than the standard dispersion rate threshold value P, the photovoltaic power station breaks down, and the step S4 is carried out;
s4, acquiring a working current value G of each group of strings corresponding to a plurality of photovoltaic groups in a time period T;
s5, calculating a string current discrete rate H of each photovoltaic group according to the working current value G;
s6, judging whether each photovoltaic group is in a stable operation state or not according to the standard discrete rate threshold value P;
if the string current dispersion rate H of the photovoltaic group is less than or equal to the standard dispersion rate threshold value P, the photovoltaic group is in a stable operation state, and after the photovoltaic group is marked as '0', a cyclic verification sequence is removed and the operation is finished;
if the string current dispersion rate H of the photovoltaic group is larger than the standard dispersion rate threshold value P, the photovoltaic group has a fault, and the photovoltaic group is marked as '1' and then the step S7 is carried out;
s7, sending a delay unloading instruction to the photovoltaic group marked as '1' and isolating;
and S8, removing the isolated photovoltaic module and sending a group string fault command to the terminal.
Further, in step S2, a weighted average M of the string current dispersion rate of the photovoltaic power station group in the time period T is calculated according to the average D, and the specific process includes the following steps:
s21, dividing the time period T into a plurality of moments
、/>
、/>
、…、/>
；
S22, acquiring a plurality of moments
、/>
、/>
、…、/>
The current value of the group string corresponding to the next header box
、/>
、/>
、…、/>
；
S23, according to the string current value
、/>
、/>
、…、/>
Calculating the group average current value ^ at the current moment>
；
S24, average current value according to group strings
Calculating the group string current discrete rate Q at the moment t;
s25, according to the time
、/>
、/>
、…、/>
Corresponding string current discrete rate>
、/>
、/>
、…、
A weighted average M is calculated.
Further, in step S5, a string current dispersion rate H of each photovoltaic group is calculated according to the working current value G, and the specific process includes the following steps:
s51, determining the maximum output voltage effective value of a single group string in each photovoltaic group
And the maximum output current effective value>
；
S52, according to the maximum output voltage effective value
And the maximum output current effective value>
Calculating the voltage-current conversion ratio K of the single group string;
s53, determining the stable output current A of the single string according to the voltage-current conversion ratio;
s54, determining a working current G according to the stable output current A of the single string;
and S55, calculating the discrete rate H of the current group string current according to the working current value G and the standard deviation of the current group string current.
Further, in step S7, a delay unloading instruction is issued to the photovoltaic group marked with "1" and isolation is performed, and the specific process includes the following steps:
s71, detecting working currents of a plurality of groups of strings in the photovoltaic group marked as '1';
if the output current of a certain group of strings is detected to be 0 or a negative value, the solid-state relays on each group of strings are controlled to be immediately switched off through the server, the group of strings are isolated, the isolation time t is set, and the switching-off times are recorded as 1;
s72, circularly detecting the working current of the next string group;
if the output current of a certain group of strings is detected to be 0 or negative again, the same operation as the step S71 is performed;
if not, continuously detecting the working current of the rest strings until completing a detection cycle;
s73, after the isolation time T is exceeded, the server controls the solid-state relay in the off state to be closed again, and the working current is detected again;
if the output current of the group of strings is normal, clearing the disconnection times and removing the isolation limitation;
if the output current of the group of strings is 0 or a negative value, the solid-state relay is disconnected again, the isolation time t is set, the disconnection times are recorded as 2, and the step S72 is executed for circulation;
and S74, acquiring the disconnection times record of each group string and judging whether to remove the group string according to a threshold value.
Further, in step S3, the range of the standard discrete rate threshold P is 0% to 10%.
Further, in step S6, the range of the standard discrete rate threshold P is 0% to 5%.
Further, in step S8, the terminal includes a PC, a notebook, a tablet, or a mobile phone.
The technical scheme also provides a system for realizing the fault regulation and control method, and the system comprises:
the first acquisition module is used for acquiring an average value D of a plurality of combiner box group current of the photovoltaic power station in a time period T;
the first calculation module is used for calculating a weighted average value M of the photovoltaic power station group string current dispersion rate in the time period T according to the average value D;
the first judgment module is used for judging whether the photovoltaic power station is in a stable operation state or not according to the standard discrete rate threshold value P;
the second acquisition module is used for acquiring the working current value G of each group of strings corresponding to a plurality of photovoltaic groups in a time period T;
the second calculation module is used for calculating the group string current discrete rate H of each photovoltaic group according to the working current value G;
the second judging module is used for judging whether each photovoltaic group is in a stable operation state or not according to the standard discrete rate threshold value P;
the isolation module is used for sending a delay unloading instruction to the photovoltaic group marked as '1' and isolating the photovoltaic group;
the removing module is used for removing the isolated photovoltaic assembly and sending a group string fault command to the terminal.
The technical scheme also provides computer equipment which comprises a processor and a memory, wherein the memory is used for storing a computer program, and the computer program is executed by the processor to realize the fault regulation and control method.
By means of the technical scheme, the invention provides a fault regulation and control method, a system and computer equipment of a distributed photovoltaic power station, which at least have the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, the operating stable state of the photovoltaic equipment is monitored circularly, so that the failed photovoltaic equipment is detected automatically in time and corresponding cutting and isolating measures are taken, the failed photovoltaic equipment is forced to stop operating, further confirmation is made based on the current dispersion rate, and the photovoltaic equipment can be cut off and isolated out of the whole system when a certain group of strings fails, so that the normal operation of other equipment is ensured, the adverse effect on the whole photovoltaic system is avoided, the forced regulation and control operation on the failed photovoltaic equipment is achieved, the normal operation of the whole photovoltaic power station is ensured, and the damage to the photovoltaic equipment due to the long-term existence of the failure is reduced.
2. According to the invention, under the condition that one or more strings have faults or have low conversion benefit, the strings can be automatically and rapidly isolated, and the influence on other strings is avoided, so that the continuous operation of the whole photovoltaic power station is ensured, and the strings can be rapidly combined into the strings for continuous use after the faults are eliminated, so that the maximum electric energy supply capacity of the photovoltaic power station is ensured, and the continuous output of electric energy is guaranteed.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and not to limit the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a fault regulation method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic distribution diagram of a distributed photovoltaic power plant of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a Hall sensor according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the fault regulation system of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a block diagram of the internal structure of the computer device in the embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 10. a first acquisition module; 20. a first calculation module; 30. a first judgment module; 40. a second acquisition module; 50. a second calculation module; 60. a second judgment module; 70. an isolation module; 80. and removing the module.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below. Therefore, the realization process of how to apply technical means to solve the technical problems and achieve the technical effects can be fully understood and implemented.
The present embodiment is proposed in the following background, and based on the practical problem existing in the long-term operation of the distributed photovoltaic power station, a specific implementation mode of a solution proposed for solving the problem is provided.
In the application of a distributed photovoltaic power station, a plurality of combiner boxes can only monitor currents of the group strings, the situation that the battery pack flows backwards when the battery panel is partially shielded cannot be automatically controlled, and a fuse is blown or even the battery pack is burnt out under the serious situation, so that the accident caused by the hot spot effect is most prominent.
That is, the partially generated current of the shaded photovoltaic panel will be reduced or the photovoltaic panel cannot generate electricity, so that the state of the partially covered panel assembly in the whole header box system is changed from the power station state to the load state, and the shielded portion of the assembly is connected in parallel with each other through the header box, so that the current flows backwards, the output power of the header box is influenced, the solar panel is heated seriously, and finally the shielded portion of the solar panel is burned out.
At present, a method generally adopted for solving the hot spot effect of the solar cell is to connect a bypass diode in parallel at the output end of a cell module, but the energy consumed by the diode is larger and the failure probability is higher, therefore, when the hot spot effect or other failures occur to the photovoltaic equipment, the failed photovoltaic equipment can affect the whole photovoltaic power station, the whole system is in a paralysis state due to the disorder of the system when the system is serious, and the control system of the existing distributed photovoltaic power station can not achieve the purpose that when a certain photovoltaic equipment fails, the equipment which fails is cut off and isolated in time, and the failed equipment is forced to exit the whole photovoltaic system, so that the whole photovoltaic system can not operate normally, the difficulty of eliminating the failure is increased due to the conflict caused by an initial failure, and the failed equipment can not be cut off in time when the failure occurs, so that the corresponding equipment is damaged seriously, thereby improving the maintenance cost and economic loss of the photovoltaic equipment.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, a specific embodiment of the present embodiment is shown, in the present embodiment, the steady state of the operation of the photovoltaic device is monitored in a circulating manner to perform a judgment, so that the failed photovoltaic device is detected automatically in time and a corresponding cut-off and isolation measure is made, the failed photovoltaic device is forced to stop operating, and further confirmation is made based on the current dispersion rate, the failed photovoltaic device can be cut off and isolated outside the whole system when a certain group of strings fails, thereby ensuring the normal operation of other devices, avoiding adverse effects on the whole photovoltaic system, achieving a forced regulation and control operation on the failed photovoltaic device, ensuring the normal operation of the whole photovoltaic power station, and reducing the damage to the photovoltaic device due to the long-term existence of faults.
Referring to fig. 2, the present embodiment is applied to a distributed photovoltaic power station, where the photovoltaic power station is used as a main body of a total power generation device, the total electric energy output by the photovoltaic power station may be self-used by a user, and the surplus electric energy is used for surfing the internet, where the user refers to various devices that can directly use direct current as electric energy supply, such as a photovoltaic street lamp, or a photovoltaic device constructed in a current village and town, the generated electric energy is directly used for household electricity, the photovoltaic power station is composed of a photovoltaic group a, a photovoltaic group B, \ 8230, and a photovoltaic group N, each photovoltaic group is composed of a separate combiner box, i.e., a dc combiner box of a photovoltaic system, and includes a photovoltaic device a, a photovoltaic device B, \\ 8230, and a photovoltaic device N, the positions of each photovoltaic device are different, the output ends of all the photovoltaic devices are connected and combined to a corresponding combiner box through a transmission bus, and the plurality of combiner boxes can transmit the current to a dc distribution cabinet according to a selection, or transmit to an ac distribution cabinet through a grid-connected inverter for grid connection.
According to the method for regulating the faults of the distributed photovoltaic power station, under the equipment composition structure formed by the graph 2, firstly, a weighted average value M of the string current dispersion rate of the photovoltaic power station groups is judged, in any time period T, whether the dispersion rate corresponding to the photovoltaic power station is in a standard dispersion rate range or not is judged, if the dispersion rate is in the standard dispersion rate range, it can be determined that the whole photovoltaic power station is in a stable operation state, no fault occurs in a branch circuit included under the photovoltaic power station, and if the dispersion rate is out of the standard dispersion rate range, it is indicated that a certain photovoltaic group or a plurality of photovoltaic groups have a fault phenomenon, at this time, the dispersion rate calculation needs to be performed on all the photovoltaic groups, and whether a fault exists in each photovoltaic group is judged according to the dispersion rate.
Referring to fig. 1, a fault regulation method of a distributed photovoltaic power station includes the following steps:
s1, obtaining an average value D of a plurality of combiner box group current of a photovoltaic power station in a time period T;
the photovoltaic power station comprises a plurality of combiner boxes, each combiner box is provided with a corresponding string current discrete rate, and in the step, the string current discrete rate of each combiner box can be calculated by obtaining the average value of the string currents of all the combiner boxes in a time period T and according to a corresponding formula.
For further explanation, it is assumed that the photovoltaic power plant in this embodiment has N photovoltaic groups, each photovoltaic group is also correspondingly provided with a combiner box, at this time, the number of combiner boxes in the whole photovoltaic power plant is at least N, and the group string current value corresponding to each combiner box is set as
、/>
、…、/>
And the average value D of the current of the plurality of combiner box sets can be calculated by a formula:
in the above formula, A and B respectively represent the corresponding labels of the photovoltaic groups, N represents the Nth photovoltaic group,
representing the combiner boxes corresponding to the photovoltaic groups.
S2, calculating a weighted average M of the photovoltaic power station group current dispersion rate in the time period T according to the average D;
in the above-mentioned formula, the compound has the following structure,
represents the mean value of the current of several combiner box groups in the time period T, and/or>
And the standard deviation of the output current of the photovoltaic power station in the T time period.
In the above formula, the first and second carbon atoms are,
for the photovoltaic power plant on the th/th basis in the time period T>
The output current of each photovoltaic group, N is the number of photovoltaic groups in the photovoltaic power station.
In step S2, a weighted average M of the string current dispersion rate of the photovoltaic power station group in the time period T is calculated according to the average D, and the specific process includes the following steps:
s21, dividing the time period T into a plurality of moments
、/>
、/>
、…、/>
；/>
S22, acquiring a plurality of moments
、/>
、/>
、…、/>
The current value of the group string corresponding to the next certain header box
、/>
、/>
、…、/>
；
S23, according to the string current value
、/>
、/>
、…、/>
Calculating the group average current value ^ at the current moment>
；
According to the known parameters, the embodiment takes one of the several combiner boxes as an example, and the average current value of the combiner box at the current moment is completed through the following formula
The calculation of (2):
in the above formula, the first and second carbon atoms are,
for the number of divided instants within the time period T, <' >>
Is the first->
And the current value of the group string corresponding to the time combiner box.
S24, average current value according to string
Calculating the group string current discrete rate Q at the moment t;
according to the known parameters, the formula for calculating the string current dispersion ratio Q at the time t is as follows:
in the above formula, the first and second carbon atoms are,
and t is the standard deviation of the current of the combiner box set at the moment t, and t is the acquisition time point of the current of the combiner box set.
Accordingly, at time t:
in the above-mentioned formula, the compound has the following structure,
at time t the first and second branch box>
The current of the battery strings, N, is the number of the battery strings of the combiner box.
S25, according to the time
、/>
、/>
、…、/>
Corresponding group current discrete rate->
、/>
、/>
、…、
Calculating a weighted average value M;
as can be seen from the above calculation of the string current discrete rate of a single combiner box at time T, the average current value of the combiner box in several times within the time period T
Corresponds to a string current deviation ratio which is greater than or equal to the time instant->
、/>
、
、…、/>
The corresponding string current discrete rate is ^ er>
、/>
、/>
、…、/>
And the average string current dispersion rate corresponding to the combiner box is as follows: />
According to the above description of the present embodiment, the photovoltaic power station is composed of a plurality of photovoltaic groups, the combiner box under each corresponding photovoltaic group can be divided into a plurality of moments in the time period T, and the average group string current dispersion rate corresponding to each combiner box can be obtained by repeating the above calculation
Thus, by derivation, the weighted average M is calculated by the following equation:
in the above formula, the first and second carbon atoms are,
indicates the fifth->
Average string current dispersion rate corresponding to each combiner box.
According to the embodiment, the time period T is divided at a plurality of moments, the group string current dispersion rate at the moment T is obtained again through the average current value corresponding to each moment on the basis of the known average value, the weighted average value M is obtained through formula calculation, so that the accurate value of the photovoltaic power station to the current dispersion rate at the time period T can be improved, the error of the value is further reduced, meanwhile, the accuracy of judging whether the photovoltaic power station is in a stable operation state is improved, meanwhile, the phenomenon of misjudgment can be further avoided, and the timeliness and the reliability of regulation and control when the photovoltaic power station fails again are enhanced.
S3, judging whether the photovoltaic power station is in a stable operation state or not according to the standard discrete rate threshold value P;
if the weighted average value M is not more than the standard dispersion rate threshold value P, the photovoltaic power station is in a stable operation state, the step S1 is returned, and the next time period T +1 is judged again;
if the weighted average value M is larger than the standard dispersion rate threshold value P, the photovoltaic power station breaks down, and the step S4 is executed;
here, the value range of the standard dispersion rate threshold value P is 0% -10%, and if the weighted average value M is within 0% -10%, it indicates that the photovoltaic power station operates stably, and the whole system does not have any fault.
S4, acquiring a working current value G of each group of strings corresponding to a plurality of photovoltaic groups in a time period T;
each photovoltaic group is connected with a corresponding junction box, in the process, a Hall sensor is adopted to detect the working current of each group of strings in the photovoltaic group, the Hall sensor is based on a magnetic balance type Hall principle, namely a closed loop principle, the magnetic flux generated by primary side current is concentrated in a magnetic circuit through a high-quality magnetic core, a Hall element is fixed in an air gap to detect the magnetic flux, and a plurality of turns of coils wound on the magnetic core are used for outputting reverse compensation current to offset the magnetic flux generated by the primary side current, so that the magnetic flux in the magnetic circuit is always kept to be zero. The differential signal is processed by the operational amplifier to output a current signal, and the triodes T1 and T2 are selectively conducted according to different directions of the output current. The absolute value of the output current of the triode is reduced in proportion to the string current, so that the Hall sensor can accurately reflect the magnitude and the change condition of the string current. A precision resistor is connected between the current output end of the triode and the ground, an output current signal can be converted into a voltage signal, the voltage signal can be conveniently sampled and output by matching with an AD converter, and as further disclosure, the structure of the Hall sensor is shown in figure 3.
S5, calculating a string current discrete rate H of each photovoltaic group according to the working current value G;
in step S5, a string current discrete rate H of each photovoltaic group is calculated according to the working current value G, and the specific process includes the following steps:
s51, determining the maximum output voltage effective value of a single group string in each photovoltaic group
And an effective value for the maximum output current>
；/>
Because the power generation capacity of the photovoltaic equipment is directly influenced by the number of photovoltaic panels and the photoelectric conversion efficiency, in a group string, particularly a distributed photovoltaic power station which is relatively dispersed, the number of photovoltaic panels installed on the photovoltaic equipment is also inconsistent, and this phenomenon tends to cause that the current output by each group string is unequal, and similarly, the photovoltaic panels in different positions or orientations are also influenced by the photoelectric conversion efficiency, and at this time, the output current of a group string is also unequal.
In step S51, the maximum output voltage of the string is significant
And the maximum output current effective value>
The electric energy meter is adopted for measurement, namely a time period is set as a sampling period, the sampling times of the output voltage and the current in the sampling period are set, and the maximum effective values of the output voltage and the current in the period and the average voltage and current values in the period can be obtained through calculation.
For example, 5s is set as a sampling period, the output voltage and current of the string are sampled at least 10 times in five seconds, and the sampled voltage values are respectively set as:
and the current values are respectively set as:
。
maximum output voltage
Has effective values of:
maximum output current
Has effective values of:
by maximum output voltage effective value
And the maximum output current effective value>
The voltage-current conversion ratio of the string set in one sampling period can be calculated, and the stable output current value of the string set in one sampling period is determined according to the voltage-current conversion ratio.
S52, according to the maximum output voltage effective value
And the maximum output current effective value>
Calculating the voltage-current conversion ratio K of the single group string;
s53, determining the stable output current A of the single string according to the voltage-current conversion ratio;
in the above step, the output current stabilized by the single string is a relative stable value in a sampling period, and is obtained by the current peak value and the voltage-current conversion ratio K in the sampling period, which is different from the average value, and the equilibrium state of the output current in the sampling period is more reflected relative to the average value.
In the above formula, the first and second carbon atoms are,
represents the peak current value in one sampling period, is greater than or equal to>
Represents the duration of the sampling period in seconds, based on the sampling period>
Is a corresponding time instant within a sampling period>
。
S54, determining a working current G according to the stable output current A of the single string;
the working current value G of the group string in a sampling period at this time is the same as the value of the output current a by default, that is: g = a.
And S55, calculating the discrete rate H of the current group string current according to the working current value G and the standard deviation of the current group string current.
The calculation formula here is the same as step S24, that is:
in the above formula, the first and second carbon atoms are,
representing the standard deviation of the current string current.
Note that, here, the calculation process of the dispersion ratio H is the same as that of step S24, and therefore, the dispersion ratio H is calculated for
The values of (a) are already described in detail, and detailed description is omitted, so that the same two parts can be referred to each other.
The group string current dispersion rate H calculation scheme provided by the embodiment can be used for more accurately taking a value of the working current value G, and can avoid the phenomenon that the value of the working current value is inaccurate due to specific factors, so that the interference factor of the specific factors to the inconsistency of the group string output currents is eliminated, meanwhile, the evaluation capacity of group string faults and conversion benefits can be improved, the photovoltaic power station is facilitated to regulate and control all the group strings, the quick judgment of the group strings with faults is guaranteed, and therefore the corresponding isolation cut-off operation is made.
This embodiment can be in wherein one or more group cluster under the condition that the trouble appears or the conversion benefit is lower, can be automatically with this group cluster quick isolation, avoid causing the influence to other group clusters to guaranteed whole photovoltaic power plant's continuation operation, and can be quick after the trouble elimination combine to the group cluster continue to put into use, consequently guaranteed photovoltaic power plant's maximum electric energy supply ability, provide the guarantee for the continuous output of electric energy.
S6, judging whether each photovoltaic group is in a stable operation state or not according to the standard discrete rate threshold value P;
if the string current dispersion rate H of the photovoltaic group is less than or equal to the standard dispersion rate threshold value P, the photovoltaic group is in a stable operation state, and after the photovoltaic group is marked as '0', a cyclic verification sequence is removed and the operation is finished;
if the string current discrete rate H of the group is larger than the standard discrete rate threshold value P, the photovoltaic group has a fault, and the step S7 is carried out after the photovoltaic group is marked as '1';
here, the value range of the standard dispersion rate threshold P is 0% -5%, and if the string current dispersion rate H is within 0% -5%, it indicates that the string is stable in overall operation, and the whole photovoltaic string has no fault.
When the step is executed, all the photovoltaic groups form a cyclic verification sequence according to the number in the communication table, the communication table is stored in a local default mode, the number of all the photovoltaic groups contained in one photovoltaic power station is recorded, data communication is established through an RS485 bus, and the essence of the method is that the photovoltaic power station serves as a switchboard, all the photovoltaic groups serve as extensions, and each photovoltaic group corresponds to a communication address.
And the photovoltaic groups in the communication table have a specific number set as Y, an upper computer contained in the photovoltaic power station is respectively in communication control connection with each photovoltaic group through an RS485 bus, the photovoltaic groups can receive control instructions sent by the photovoltaic power station, each communication address is also defined with a mark, all the photovoltaic groups can form a cyclic verification sequence according to the existing sequence of the mark, in the verification process, after one photovoltaic group is judged to be fault-free and marked as '0' through the dispersion rate, the server rejects the photovoltaic group marked as '0' into the verification cyclic sequence, then the next photovoltaic group is subjected to verification judgment of the dispersion rate, the dispersion rate corresponding to one or more photovoltaic groups exceeds a standard dispersion rate threshold value P, the server marks the corresponding photovoltaic group as '1' and generates a fault record, and the server makes a corresponding operation instruction.
The method comprises the steps of adopting a circulation verification sequence to cover all photovoltaic groups under a photovoltaic power station, after one round of calculation dispersion rate is executed and corresponding judgment is made, eliminating the photovoltaic groups when the photovoltaic groups are determined to have no fault, then continuously calculating the next photovoltaic group and making judgment, and circularly reducing data calculation load of the photovoltaic groups with large quantity, wherein the calculation load corresponding to a server is reduced when one calculation judgment unit is reduced, so that the judgment accuracy of the photovoltaic groups with faults is improved, and the calculation cost and the calculation requirement on equipment can be reduced.
S7, sending a delay unloading instruction to the photovoltaic group marked as '1' and isolating;
in step S7, a delayed unloading instruction is issued to the photovoltaic group marked with "1" and isolation is performed, and the specific process includes the following steps:
s71, detecting working currents of a plurality of groups of strings in the photovoltaic group marked as '1';
if the output current of a certain group of strings is detected to be 0 or a negative value, the solid-state relays on each group of strings are controlled to be immediately switched off through the server, the group of strings are isolated, the isolation time t is set, and the switching-off times are recorded as 1;
the photovoltaic group comprises a plurality of photovoltaic devices, each photovoltaic device is considered as a group string unit, a solid-state relay is arranged at the output end of each group string to control the on-off state, so that the purpose of isolating the group string is achieved, and when the working current of each group string is detected, the specific numerical value of the output current can be detected through the Hall sensor.
S72, circularly detecting the working current of the next string group;
if the output current of a certain group of strings is detected to be 0 or a negative value again, the same operation as the step S71 is performed;
if not, continuously detecting the working current of the rest group strings until a detection cycle is completed, wherein the detection cycle refers to the detection of the working current of the photovoltaic equipment (namely the group strings) contained in one photovoltaic group, and the detection of the last group string by the first group string forms a detection cycle;
s73, after the isolation time T is exceeded, the server controls the solid-state relay in the off state to be closed again, and the working current is detected again;
if the output current of the group of strings is normal, clearing the disconnection times and removing the isolation limitation;
if the output current of the group of strings is 0 or a negative value, the solid-state relay is disconnected again, the isolation time t is set, the disconnection times are recorded as 2, and the step S72 is executed for circulation;
s74, acquiring a disconnection time record of each group string and judging whether the group string is removed or not according to a threshold value;
if the record of the number of times of disconnection is greater than or equal to 3, the string of the group is removed from the photovoltaic group, complete removal is achieved by controlling the disconnection of the solid-state relay through the server, the disconnection is complete disconnection at the moment, reclosing is not achieved after isolation is finished, reclosing can be achieved if the disconnection number record is cleared after overhaul and fault elimination of workers are needed, and the string of the group is put into use again.
Meanwhile, the group of strings are not detected any more, the group of strings are completely removed for use, and the embodiment can detect the working current of all the group strings covered by each photovoltaic group, so that when the corresponding photovoltaic group is judged to have a fault, the fault can be detected and determined again, and therefore the faulted photovoltaic equipment can be accurately positioned, and when a certain photovoltaic equipment has a hot spot effect, the certain photovoltaic equipment can be timely cut off and removed from the whole photovoltaic power station system, so that the normal operation of other photovoltaic groups is ensured, and the influence of the fault on the photovoltaic power station is reduced.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the working current of each string of the photovoltaic set is less than 10A, and the current cannot be a negative value. And if the working current of a certain group of strings is judged to be more than 10A or less than or equal to 0 at a certain moment, judging that the group of strings has a fault condition. The failure may be caused by a recoverable condition that the photovoltaic panel is partially shielded by cloud layers or fallen leaves or birds stop or the like, or may be caused by an unrecoverable condition that a battery assembly of one or more photovoltaic panels in the string is damaged or the like.
Once a fault condition is detected, a control signal is given to shut off a solid-state relay where a fault group string is located, then time delay processing is carried out, whether the fault occurs or not is judged again, if the fault is eliminated within 3 times of sampling, the fault is judged to be a short-time recoverable fault, the photovoltaic equipment works normally, fault information is cleared immediately, and the group string is normally put into operation; if the fault still exists, the fault is judged to be not the condition of self recovery in a short period, and the group of strings are completely cut off, so that the aims of protecting the photovoltaic panel and reducing the accident rate are fulfilled.
More excellent, the three-time detection is carried out on the string with the output current of 0 or a negative value in the steps, the phenomenon that the photovoltaic panel causes the hot spot effect due to the fact that the string is blocked by instantaneous or temporary external environment factors can be avoided, for example, movable objects such as black clouds, flyers or personnel are blocked, the hot spot effect is caused by the photovoltaic panel can be avoided, multiple times of cyclic detection and judgment can ensure that the photovoltaic device cannot cause any influence on the whole photovoltaic power station system in the isolation time, the photovoltaic device can be isolated timely, meanwhile, the phenomenon of false judgment can be avoided through the second detection, the fact that each string exceeds the isolation time and carries out a new round of detection immediately is ensured, and the string is timely put into use when no fault is confirmed, therefore, the electric energy output efficiency of the whole photovoltaic power station is ensured, the effect of rechecking can be further achieved through the detection, the complete removal of the failed photovoltaic device is further improved, and the operation safety of the whole photovoltaic power station is improved.
S8, removing the isolated photovoltaic module and sending a string fault command to the terminal; when the server obtains the group string information with faults through the judgment of the step S7, the group string is thoroughly removed from the photovoltaic power station, meanwhile, a group string fault command is sent to the terminal in a limited or wireless mode, and the fault information comprising the combiner box number and the battery group string number is given out, so that the position of the fault can be timely and accurately positioned by a worker, the arrangement of maintenance and inspection work can be rapidly made, the maintenance efficiency of the fault is improved, and the stable operation of the photovoltaic power station is guaranteed.
The photovoltaic equipment with faults is automatically detected in time and corresponding cutting-off and isolating measures are taken, the photovoltaic equipment with faults is forced to stop running, further confirmation is made based on the current dispersion rate, the photovoltaic equipment with faults can be quickly cut off and isolated outside the whole system when a certain group of strings have faults, normal running of other equipment is guaranteed, adverse effects on the whole photovoltaic system are avoided, forced regulation and control operation on the photovoltaic equipment with faults is achieved, normal running of the whole photovoltaic power station is guaranteed, and damage to the photovoltaic equipment due to long-term existence of faults is reduced.
Corresponding to the fault regulation and control method provided in the foregoing embodiment, this embodiment further provides a system of the fault regulation and control method, and since the fault regulation and control system provided in this embodiment corresponds to the fault regulation and control method provided in the foregoing embodiment, the implementation of the foregoing fault regulation and control method is also applicable to the fault regulation and control system provided in this embodiment, and will not be described in detail in this embodiment.
Referring to fig. 4, a block diagram of a fault regulation system provided in this embodiment is shown, where the fault regulation system includes:
the first acquisition module 10 is used for acquiring an average value D of the current of a plurality of combiner box groups of the photovoltaic power station in a time period T;
the first calculating module 20 is configured to calculate a weighted average value M of the string current dispersion rate of the photovoltaic power station group in the time period T according to the average value D;
the first judging module 30, the first judging module 30 is used for judging whether the photovoltaic power station is in a stable operation state according to the standard discrete rate threshold value P;
the second obtaining module 40 is configured to obtain a working current value G of each group string corresponding to the multiple photovoltaic groups in the time period T;
the second calculating module 50 is configured to calculate a group string current discrete rate H of each photovoltaic group according to the working current value G;
the second judging module 60 is configured to judge whether each photovoltaic group is in a stable operation state according to the standard discrete rate threshold P;
the isolation module 70, the isolation module 70 is configured to issue a delayed unloading instruction to the photovoltaic group marked with "1" and perform isolation;
and a removing module 80, wherein the removing module 80 is used for removing the isolated photovoltaic assembly and sending a group string fault command to the terminal.
It should be noted that, in the system provided in the foregoing embodiment, when the functions of the system are implemented, only the division of the functional modules is illustrated, and in practical applications, the functions may be distributed by different functional modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the device is divided into different functional modules, so as to complete all or part of the functions described above. In addition, the system and method embodiments provided by the above embodiments belong to the same concept, and specific implementation processes thereof are described in the method embodiments for details, which are not described herein again.
The fault regulation and control system of the embodiment can automatically and rapidly isolate one or more group strings under the condition that the group strings are in fault or the conversion benefit is low, thereby avoiding influencing other group strings, ensuring the continuous operation of the whole photovoltaic power station, and continuously putting into use from the group strings in a quick combination mode after the fault is eliminated, thereby ensuring the maximum power supply capacity of the photovoltaic power station and providing guarantee for the continuous output of electric energy.
The embodiment further provides a computer device, and fig. 5 is a block diagram of an internal structure of the computer device in the present application. As shown in fig. 5, the computer apparatus includes a processor, a memory, a network interface, an input device, and a display screen connected through a system bus. Wherein the processor of the computer device is configured to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory includes a storage medium and an internal memory. The storage medium may be a nonvolatile storage medium or a volatile storage medium. The storage medium stores an operating system and may also store computer readable instructions that, when executed by the processor, may cause the processor to implement a fault regulation method. The internal memory provides an environment for the operating system and the execution of computer-readable instructions in the storage medium. The internal memory may also have computer readable instructions stored thereon that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to perform a fault regulation method. The network interface of the computer device is used for communicating with an external server through a network connection. The display screen of the computer equipment can be a liquid crystal display screen or an electronic ink display screen, and the input device of the computer equipment can be a touch layer covered on the display screen, a key, a track ball or a touch pad arranged on the shell of the computer equipment, an external keyboard, a touch pad or a mouse and the like.
In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, which includes a memory, a processor, and computer readable instructions (e.g., a computer program) stored on the memory and executable on the processor, and when the processor executes the computer readable instructions, the steps of the fault regulation method in the above embodiments are implemented, for example, steps S1 to S8 shown in fig. 1 and other extensions of the method and related steps are extended. Alternatively, the processor, when executing the computer readable instructions, implements the functions of the modules/units of the fault regulation system in the above embodiments, such as the functions of the modules 10 to 80 shown in fig. 4. To avoid repetition, further description is omitted here.
The processor may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), other general purpose processor, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), an off-the-shelf programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, etc. The general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like, the processor being the control center of the computer device and the various interfaces and lines connecting the various parts of the overall computer device.
The memory may be used to store computer readable instructions and/or modules that the processor implements by running or executing and invoking data stored in the memory, various functions of the computer device. The memory may mainly include a storage program area and a storage data area, wherein the storage program area may store an operating system, an application program required by at least one function (such as a sound playing function, an image playing function, etc.), and the like; the storage data area may store data (such as audio data, video data, etc.) created according to the use of the cellular phone, etc.
The memory may be integrated in the processor or may be provided separately from the processor.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the configuration shown in fig. 5 is a block diagram of only a portion of the configuration associated with the present application, and is not intended to limit the computing device to which the present application may be applied, and that a particular computing device may include more or less components than those shown, or may combine certain components, or have a different arrangement of components.
The above-mentioned serial numbers of the embodiments of the present application are merely for description, and do not represent the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiments. Through the description of the foregoing embodiments, it is clear to those skilled in the art that the method of the foregoing embodiments may be implemented by software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and certainly may also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases, the former is a better implementation. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present application may be substantially or partially embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium (e.g., ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) as described above and includes instructions for enabling a terminal device (e.g., a mobile phone, a computer, a server, or a network device) to execute the method according to the embodiments of the present application.
The foregoing embodiments have described the present invention in detail, and the principle and embodiments of the present invention are explained by applying specific examples herein, and the descriptions of the foregoing embodiments are only used to help understand the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A fault regulation and control method of a distributed photovoltaic power station is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, obtaining an average value D of a plurality of combiner box group current of a photovoltaic power station in a time period T;
s2, calculating a weighted average M of the photovoltaic power station group current dispersion rate in the time period T according to the average D;
s3, judging whether the photovoltaic power station is in a stable operation state or not according to the standard dispersion rate threshold value P;
if the weighted average value M is not more than the standard dispersion rate threshold value P, the photovoltaic power station is in a stable operation state, the step S1 is returned, and the next time period T +1 is judged again;
if the weighted average value M is larger than the standard dispersion rate threshold value P, the photovoltaic power station breaks down, and the step S4 is executed;
s4, acquiring a working current value G of each group of strings corresponding to a plurality of photovoltaic groups in a time period T;
s5, calculating a string current discrete rate H of each photovoltaic group according to the working current value G;
calculating the group string current discrete rate H of each photovoltaic group according to the working current value G, wherein the specific process comprises the following steps:
s51, determining a single group of strings in each photovoltaic groupMaximum output voltage effective value of
And the maximum output current effective value>
；
S52, according to the maximum output voltage effective value
Calculating the voltage-current conversion ratio K of the single string group according to the maximum output current effective value;
s53, determining the stable output current A of the single string according to the voltage-current conversion ratio;
in the above-mentioned formula, the compound has the following structure,
represents the peak current value in a sampling period, represents the duration of the sampling period in seconds, and/or is greater than or equal to>
For a corresponding time instant within a sampling period>
；
S54, determining a working current G according to the stable output current A of the single string;
s55, calculating a string current discrete rate H according to the working current value G and the standard deviation of the current string current;
s6, judging whether each photovoltaic group is in a stable operation state or not according to the standard discrete rate threshold value P;
if the string current dispersion rate H of the photovoltaic group is less than or equal to the standard dispersion rate threshold value P, the photovoltaic group is in a stable operation state, and after the photovoltaic group is marked as '0', a cyclic verification sequence is removed and the operation is finished;
if the string current discrete rate H of the group is larger than the standard discrete rate threshold value P, the photovoltaic group has a fault, and the step S7 is carried out after the photovoltaic group is marked as '1';
s7, sending a delay unloading instruction to the photovoltaic group marked as '1' and isolating;
and S8, removing the isolated photovoltaic module and sending a group string fault command to the terminal.
2. The fault regulation method of claim 1, wherein: in step S2, a weighted average M of the string current dispersion rate of the photovoltaic power station group in the time period T is calculated according to the average D, and the specific process includes the following steps:
s21, dividing the time period T into a plurality of moments
；/>
S22, acquiring a plurality of moments
The current value of the group string corresponding to the next header box
；
S23, according to the string current value
Calculating the average current value of the string at the current moment
；
S24, average current value according to group strings
Calculating the group string current discrete rate Q at the moment t;
s25, according to the time
Corresponding string current discrete rate>
A weighted average M is calculated.
3. The fault regulation method of claim 1, wherein: in step S7, a delayed unloading instruction is issued to the photovoltaic group marked with "1" and isolation is performed, and the specific process includes the following steps:
s71, detecting working currents of a plurality of groups of strings in the photovoltaic group marked as '1';
if the output current of a certain group of strings is detected to be 0 or a negative value, the solid-state relays on each group of strings are controlled to be immediately switched off through the server, the group of strings are isolated, the isolation time t is set, and the switching-off times are recorded as 1;
s72, circularly detecting the working current of the next string group;
if the output current of a certain group of strings is detected to be 0 or a negative value again, the same operation as the step S71 is performed;
if not, continuously detecting the working current of the rest strings until completing a detection cycle;
s73, after the isolation time T is exceeded, the server controls the solid-state relay in the off state to be closed again, and the working current is detected again;
if the output current of the group of strings is normal, clearing the disconnection times and removing the isolation limitation;
if the output current of the group of strings is 0 or a negative value, the solid-state relay is disconnected again, the isolation time t is set, the disconnection times are recorded as 2, and the step S72 is executed for circulation;
and S74, acquiring the disconnection times record of each group string and judging whether to remove the group string according to a threshold value.
4. The fault regulation method of claim 1, wherein: in step S3, the range of the standard discrete rate threshold P is 0% to 10%.
5. The fault regulation method of claim 1, wherein: in step S6, the standard discrete rate threshold P has a value range of 0% to 5%.
6. The fault regulation method of claim 1, wherein: in step S8, the terminal includes a PC, a notebook, a tablet, or a mobile phone.
7. A system for implementing the fault regulation method of any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it comprises:
the device comprises a first acquisition module (10), wherein the first acquisition module (10) is used for acquiring an average value D of a plurality of combiner box group current of the photovoltaic power station in a time period T;
a first calculation module (20), wherein the first calculation module (20) is used for calculating a weighted average value M of the photovoltaic power station string current dispersion rate in a time period T according to the average value D;
the first judgment module (30), the first judgment module (30) is used for judging whether the photovoltaic power station is in a stable operation state according to the standard discrete rate threshold value P;
the second acquisition module (40) is used for acquiring the working current value G of each group string corresponding to a plurality of photovoltaic groups in a time period T;
a second calculation module (50), wherein the second calculation module (50) is used for calculating the string current discrete rate H of each photovoltaic group according to the working current value G;
the second judgment module (60) is used for judging whether each photovoltaic group is in a stable operation state or not according to the standard dispersion rate threshold value P;
an isolation module (70), wherein the isolation module (70) is used for sending a delay unloading instruction to the photovoltaic group marked as '1' and isolating the photovoltaic group;
a removal module (80), the removal module (80) being configured to remove the isolated photovoltaic module and send a string fault command to the terminal.
8. A computer device comprising a processor and a memory for storing a computer program which, when executed by the processor, implements a fault regulation method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6.
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