CN115492442A - Composite vibration damping device based on phononic crystal - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite vibration damping device based on a phononic crystal, and relates to the field of building structure vibration damping. Comprises three damping plate assemblies; the three damping plate assemblies are sequentially connected end to form a tripod structure, a disc spring is arranged at the central position between the top plate and the bottom plate, the side wall of each disc spring is fixedly connected with a plurality of prestressed steel bars horizontally extending outside the tripod, the other end of each prestressed steel bar is fixedly connected with a building wall, a TMD damper and a phononic crystal damping unit are sequentially arranged on each of two sides of the disc spring along the length direction of the top plate, and the disc springs are connected with the TMD dampers through a plurality of transversely arranged damping spring dampers; the TMD damper and the phonon crystal vibration reduction unit are also connected through a plurality of transversely arranged damping spring vibration absorbers. The invention can play a role in vibration isolation.

Description

Composite vibration damping device based on phononic crystal

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of vibration reduction of building structures, in particular to a composite vibration reduction device based on phononic crystals.

Background

The earthquake often has the characteristics of strong burst, large destructiveness, wide influence range, strong linkage and the like, in recent years, china pays great attention to the anti-vibration performance of a building structure, the anti-vibration performance of the structure is enhanced mainly by increasing the section size of a component and reinforcing bars, but when the earthquake occurs, the structure cannot be seriously damaged or even collapsed, in addition, a rubber vibration isolation device component is arranged on a house foundation, the adverse influence of the earthquake is reduced by reducing the energy consumption through rubber deformation, but the vibration isolation performance of a rubber material is limited and the durability is poor, so the vibration isolation mode is not ideal; the tuned mass damper is a TMD damper for short, consists of a mass block, a spring and a damping system, and can reduce the energy dissipation requirement value of a basic structural member under the action of external force;

poisson's ratio refers to the ratio of the absolute value of the transverse positive strain to the axial positive strain of a material under unidirectional tension or compression, also called the transverse deformation coefficient, which is the elastic constant reflecting the transverse deformation of the material, and it is generally considered that almost all materials have a positive Poisson's ratio of about 1/3, 1/2 for rubber-like materials, 0.33 for aluminum, 0.27 for copper, 0.11-0.14 for typical polymer foams, etc., i.e., the materials shrink in the transverse direction when stretched. The negative poisson's ratio effect means that when the material is stretched, the material expands transversely within the elastic range; when compressed, the material contracts transversely; porous materials refer to composite materials in which one phase is solid and the other phase is composed entirely of pores or liquids, such as rocks, wood, etc. in nature. The porous solid material may have a two-dimensional structure or a three-dimensional structure, and the two-dimensional cellular solid material consisting of the inward concave cell structure units has been found to have a negative poisson ratio; the theory and model of the porous solid negative poisson ratio material are mature day by day, and Theocaris and the like think that the fiber reinforced composite material can show a negative poisson ratio effect if the fiber reinforced composite material internally comprises a micropore structure unit with a star-shaped cross section and an inward concave angle through finite element analysis based on a digital homogenization theory.

The material or structure with elastic constant and density distributed periodically is called phononic crystal, which is a new functional material formed by elastic solid periodically arranged in another solid or fluid medium; the phononic crystal metamaterial vibration isolation idea which has emerged in recent years has the main principle that when elastic waves in a specific frequency band are propagated in a periodic structure, the elastic waves are prevented from being propagated in a certain band gap range under the action of an internal structure, so that the aim of effective vibration attenuation is fulfilled.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a composite vibration damping device based on a phononic crystal, so as to solve the problems of the existing vibration damping devices such as phononic crystals, etc., that the vibration damping structure covers a narrow elastic wave band, the vertical bearing capacity is insufficient, and the vibration damping effect is limited.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following means.

A composite vibration damping device based on a phononic crystal comprises three vibration damping plate assemblies; the three vibration damping plate assemblies are sequentially connected end to form a tripod structure; each vibration reduction plate assembly comprises a horizontal top plate and a horizontal bottom plate, the top plate and the bottom plate are identical in size, a disc spring is arranged in the central position between the top plate and the bottom plate, the upper end of the disc spring is fixedly connected with the top plate, the lower end of the disc spring is fixedly connected with the bottom plate, the side wall of each disc spring is fixedly connected with a plurality of prestressed steel bars extending horizontally outside a tripod, the other end of each prestressed steel bar is fixedly connected with a building wall, the prestressed steel bars are perpendicular to the length direction of the top plate corresponding to the same side, two sides of the disc spring along the length direction of the top plate are respectively and sequentially provided with a TMD damper and a phononic crystal vibration reduction unit, and the disc spring is connected with the TMD damper through a plurality of damping spring vibration absorbers arranged transversely; the TMD damper and the phononic crystal vibration reduction unit are also connected through a plurality of transversely arranged damping spring vibration absorbers.

Further, the TMD damper comprises a metal box body, the bottom of the metal box body is in contact with the upper surface of the corresponding bottom plate, viscous liquid is arranged in the metal box body, a vertical connecting spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall in the metal box body, and a steel ball is fixedly connected to the other end of the connecting spring; and the two ends of each damping spring shock absorber positioned between the disc spring and the metal box body are respectively fixedly connected with the side wall of the disc spring and the metal box body.

Furthermore, the phononic crystal vibration reduction unit comprises a plurality of vertically stacked phononic crystal vibration reduction unit cells, each phononic crystal vibration reduction unit cell comprises an upper plate and a lower plate, an air spring is arranged at the central position between the upper plate and the lower plate, a metal vibration reduction ring is sleeved outside the air spring, a rubber vibration reduction ring is sleeved outside the metal vibration reduction ring, a positive and negative poisson ratio honeycomb structure layer is sleeved on the rubber vibration reduction ring, the upper end surfaces of the air spring, the metal vibration reduction ring, the rubber vibration reduction ring and the positive and negative poisson ratio honeycomb structure layer are fixedly connected with the lower surface of the upper plate, the lower end surfaces of the air spring, the metal vibration reduction ring, the rubber vibration reduction ring and the positive and negative poisson ratio honeycomb structure layer are fixedly connected with the upper surface of the lower plate, the upper plate in the topmost phononic crystal vibration reduction unit cell is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the top plate, the lower plate in the bottommost phononic crystal vibration reduction unit cell is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the bottom plate, and the upper plate of the phononic crystal vibration reduction unit cell is fixedly connected with the lower plate.

Further, the positive and negative poisson ratio honeycomb structure layer comprises a plurality of square positive poisson ratio honeycomb structures and concave hexagonal negative poisson ratio honeycomb structures, the square positive poisson ratio honeycomb structures and the concave hexagonal negative poisson ratio honeycomb structures are arranged according to a specific period and are wound into a ring shape, the positive poisson ratio honeycomb structures are located at four corners of a rectangle, the negative poisson ratio honeycomb structures are located between the positive poisson ratio honeycomb structures, and the center of the rectangle forms a regular octagonal honeycomb structure.

Further, the top plate, the bottom plate, the metal vibration reduction ring and the disc spring are made of steel; the upper plate, the lower plate and the positive and negative Poisson ratio honeycomb structure layer are made of rubber.

Furthermore, the interior of the steel ball is of a hollow structure, the outer surface of the steel ball is provided with a plurality of small holes, and the small holes are communicated with the interior of the steel ball.

Further, the three damping plate assemblies are connected through rotating pins.

According to the technical scheme, the device can efficiently reduce multi-dimensional vibration energy by introducing the local resonance theory of the phononic crystal and combining the local resonance theory with the TMD damper and the disc spring vibration isolation principle, and has excellent vibration reduction and energy consumption effects.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a partial cross-sectional structure of the present invention in a top down view;

FIG. 2 is a schematic, partially cross-sectional structural view at a front side view angle of the vibration damping plate assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the present invention in a top down view;

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a phononic crystal damping unit cell of the present invention from a front side view;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a TMD damper of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a positive and negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure layer in the composite vibration damping device based on the phonon crystal.

In the above figures: 1. a damping plate assembly; 11. a top plate; 12. a base plate; 13. a disc spring; 14. Pre-stressing a steel bar; 15. a TMD damper; 151. a metal case; 152. a viscous liquid; 153. a connecting spring; 154. a steel ball; 155. a damping spring shock absorber; 16. a phononic crystal vibration reduction unit; 161. phononic crystal damping unit cell; 1611. an upper plate; 1612. a lower plate; 1613. an air spring; 1614. a metal vibration damping ring; 1615. a rubber vibration damping ring; 1616. and a positive and negative poisson ratio honeycomb structure layer.

Detailed Description

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, embodiments accompanying figures are described in detail below.

In the following description, specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The invention can be embodied in many different forms than those described herein and those skilled in the art will appreciate that the invention is susceptible to similar forms of embodiment without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, a phononic crystal-based composite damping device includes three damping plate assemblies 1; the three damping plate assemblies are sequentially connected end to form a tripod structure; each vibration reduction plate assembly 1 comprises a horizontal top plate 11 and a horizontal bottom plate 12 which are the same in size, a disc spring 13 is arranged in the center position between the top plate 11 and the bottom plate 12, the upper end of the disc spring 13 is fixedly connected with the top plate 11, the lower end of the disc spring 13 is fixedly connected with the bottom plate 12, the side wall of each disc spring 13 is fixedly connected with a plurality of prestressed steel bars 14 which horizontally extend outside a tripod, the other end of each prestressed steel bar 14 is fixedly connected with a building wall, the prestressed steel bars 14 are mutually vertical to the length direction of the top plate 11 corresponding to the same side, a TMD damper 15 and a phononic crystal vibration reduction unit 16 are respectively arranged on two sides of the disc spring 13 along the length direction of the top plate 11 in sequence, and the disc spring 13 is connected with the TMD damper 15 through a plurality of damping spring dampers which are transversely arranged; the TMD damper 15 and the photonic crystal vibration reduction unit 16 are also connected by a plurality of damping spring dampers arranged transversely.

In the above embodiment, when the building structure is subjected to vibration, vibration energy is transmitted to the photonic crystal vibration reduction unit 16 through the top plate 11 and the bottom plate 12, so that the unit top plate 11 and the unit bottom plate 12 are deformed, and thus a part of the vibration energy is absorbed, further, the disc spring 13 generates a small vertical deformation to consume energy, and provides good vertical rigidity for the structure in a compressed state; when the building structure suffers vertical vibration, the disc spring 13 deforms and deforms towards two sides, and at the moment, each damping spring shock absorber can play a role in energy consumption and generate an inertia force opposite to the direction of structural vibration.

Further, referring to fig. 2 and 5, the TMD damper 15 includes a metal box 151, the bottom of the metal box 151 contacts with the corresponding upper surface of the bottom plate 12, a viscous liquid 152 is disposed in the metal box, a vertical connecting spring 153 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the metal box 151, and a steel ball 154 is fixedly connected to the other end of the connecting spring 153; two ends of each damping spring absorber 155 located between the disc spring 13 and the metal case 151 are respectively fixedly connected to the side wall of the disc spring 13 and the metal case 151.

In the above embodiment, the metal box 151 is in contact with the bottom plate 12, and can generate heat by friction during moving, so as to achieve a smaller energy consumption effect, the connecting spring 153 therein achieves an effect of connecting the steel ball 154 and the metal box 151, resistance of the steel ball 154 during swinging can be increased through the viscous liquid 152, so that energy consumption can be achieved under combination, the viscous liquid 152 moves under the influence of the movement of the metal box 151, the steel ball 154 swings in the viscous liquid 152 to consume energy, and damping force is generated in the process to further consume energy.

Further, referring to fig. 2 and 4, the phonon crystal damping unit 16 includes a plurality of vertically stacked phonon crystal damping unit cells 161, each of the phonon crystal damping unit cells 161 includes an upper plate 1611 and a lower plate 1612, an air spring 1613 is disposed at a central position between the upper plate 1611 and the lower plate 1612, a metal damping ring 1614 is sleeved outside the air spring 1613, a rubber damping ring 1615 is sleeved outside the metal damping ring 1614, a positive and negative poisson ratio honeycomb structure layer 1616 is sleeved on the rubber damping ring 1615, upper end surfaces of the air spring 1613, the metal damping ring 1614, the rubber damping ring 1615 and the positive and negative poisson ratio honeycomb structure layer 6 are all fixedly connected to an upper surface of the lower plate 1611, lower end surfaces of the air spring 1613, the metal damping ring 1614, the rubber damping ring 1615 and the positive and negative poisson ratio honeycomb structure layer 1616 are all fixedly connected to an upper surface of the lower plate, an upper surface of the upper plate 1611 and a lower surface of the lower plate 1611 are fixedly connected to a lower surface of the phonon crystal damping unit cell 16111 in the uppermost phonon crystal damping unit cell 161, and a lower plate 16112 of the bottom plate 1611612 are fixedly connected to the lower plate 161 and the lower plate 16112 of the lower plate are fixedly connected to the lower plate 1611.

In the above embodiment, when a vertical force is applied, each upper plate 1611 and each lower plate 1612 are subjected to a force, and then the vertical force is transmitted to the air spring 1613, the metal vibration reduction ring 1614, the rubber vibration reduction ring 1615 and the positive and negative poisson's ratio honeycomb structure layer 1616, so as to achieve a vibration reduction effect, and meanwhile, the vertical force causes the transverse deformation of the air spring 1613, the metal vibration reduction ring 1614, the rubber vibration reduction ring 1615 and the positive and negative poisson's ratio honeycomb structure layer 1616, and at this time, the plurality of damping spring dampers 155 absorb an impact force, so as to further achieve a vibration reduction effect; the vibration load is transmitted to each vibration reduction ring which is arranged periodically, and the band gap structure generated by each vibration reduction ring can play a role in hindering the propagation of seismic waves, so that the seismic waves cannot be propagated continuously through the vibration reduction device, and the vibration energy is attenuated.

Further, referring to fig. 4 and 6, the positive and negative poisson ratio honeycomb structure layer 1616 includes a plurality of square positive poisson ratio honeycomb structures and concave hexagonal negative poisson ratio honeycomb structures, and both of the square positive poisson ratio honeycomb structures and the concave hexagonal negative poisson ratio honeycomb structures are arranged according to a specific period and are wound into a ring shape, the positive poisson ratio honeycomb structures are located at four corners of a rectangle, the negative poisson ratio honeycomb structures are located between the positive poisson ratio honeycomb structures, and the center of the rectangle forms a positive octagonal honeycomb structure.

In the above embodiment, the positive poisson ratio honeycomb structure has excellent strength and rigidity, and also has the shear resistance, crack resistance and energy consumption performance of the negative poisson ratio honeycomb structure, so that the positive poisson ratio honeycomb structure not only can provide vertical rigidity for the structure, but also can absorb a large amount of energy.

Further, referring to fig. 1, the material of the top plate 11, the bottom plate 12, the metal damping ring 1614 and the disc spring 13 is steel; the upper plate 1611, the lower plate 1612 and the positive and negative poisson's ratio honeycomb structure layer 1616 are made of rubber.

In the above embodiment, the rigidity of the support can be ensured by defining the material of the top plate 11, the bottom plate 12, the metal damping ring 1614 and the disc spring 13 as steel, and a certain range of deformation can occur by providing the material of the upper plate 1611, the lower plate 1612 and the positive and negative poisson's ratio honeycomb-structured layer 1616 as rubber.

Further, referring to fig. 5, the steel ball 154 has a hollow structure inside, and a plurality of small holes are formed on the outer surface of the steel ball 154, and the small holes are communicated with the inside of the steel ball 154.

In the above embodiment, the viscous liquid 152 can pass through the inside of the steel ball 154 through the small holes, and further energy consumption can be performed.

Further, referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, three damper plate assemblies 1 are connected with each other by a pivot pin.

In the above embodiment, the installation and the disassembly can be facilitated by the connection mode of the rotating pin.

Compared with the existing shock absorber, the invention has the advantages that:

(1) The photonic crystal vibration reduction unit 16 in the invention can generate a low-frequency and large-bandwidth vibration band gap, and can block elastic waves in a specific range when encountering earthquake or other vibration waves, thereby effectively protecting buildings;

(2) The positive and negative poisson ratio honeycomb structure layer 1616 in the photonic crystal vibration reduction unit 16 not only has excellent strength and rigidity of the positive poisson ratio honeycomb structure, but also has the shearing resistance, crack resistance and energy consumption performance of the negative poisson ratio honeycomb structure, so that the structure can not only provide vertical rigidity for the structure, but also absorb a large amount of energy;

(3) According to the invention, the phonon crystal vibration reduction unit 16 and the TMD damper 15 are used for increasing energy dissipation and vibration isolation in the horizontal direction of the structure, so that the vibration isolation frequency range of the device is expanded, and the vibration isolation effect is obviously improved.

Although the present invention has been described in detail in this specification with reference to specific embodiments and illustrative embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and improvements can be made thereto based on the present invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of this invention as claimed.

Claims (7)

1. A composite vibration damping device based on phononic crystals is characterized in that: comprises three damping plate assemblies (1); the three vibration damping plate assemblies (1) are sequentially connected end to form a tripod structure;

each vibration reduction plate assembly (1) comprises a horizontal top plate (11) and a horizontal bottom plate (12) which are the same in size, a disc spring (13) is arranged in the center position between the top plate (11) and the bottom plate (12), the upper end of the disc spring (13) is fixedly connected with the top plate (11), the lower end of the disc spring (13) is fixedly connected with the bottom plate (12), the side wall of each disc spring (13) is fixedly connected with a plurality of prestressed steel bars (14) which horizontally extend from the outside of a tripod, the other end of each prestressed steel bar (14) is fixedly connected with a building wall, the prestressed steel bars (14) are mutually vertical to the length direction of the top plate (11) corresponding to the same side, TMD dampers (15) and photonic crystal vibration reduction units (16) are respectively arranged on two sides of the disc spring (13) along the length direction of the top plate (11), and the disc springs (13) are connected with the dampers (15) through a plurality of transversely arranged damping springs (155); the TMD damper (15) and the phononic crystal vibration reduction unit (16) are also connected through a plurality of transversely arranged damping spring vibration absorbers (155).

2. The phononic crystal-based composite vibration damping device according to claim 1, characterized in that the TMD damper (15) comprises a metal box body (151), the bottom of the metal box body (151) is in contact with the upper surface of the corresponding bottom plate (12), a viscous liquid (152) is arranged in the metal box body, a vertical connecting spring (153) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the metal box body (151), and a steel ball (154) is fixedly connected to the other end of the connecting spring (153); and the two ends of each damping spring shock absorber (155) positioned between the disc spring (13) and the metal box body (151) are respectively fixedly connected with the side wall of the disc spring (13) and the metal box body (151).

3. The composite vibration damping device based on the phononic crystal according to claim 2, characterized in that the phononic crystal vibration damping unit (16) comprises a plurality of vertically stacked phononic crystal vibration damping unit cells (161), each phononic crystal vibration damping unit cell (161) comprises an upper plate (1611) and a lower plate (1612), an air spring (1613) is arranged at the central position between the upper plate (1611) and the lower plate (1612), a metal vibration damping ring (1614) is sleeved outside the air spring (1613), a rubber vibration damping ring (1615) is sleeved outside the metal vibration damping ring (1614), the upper end surface of the metal vibration damping ring (1615) and the upper end surface of the positive and negative poisson ratio honeycomb structure layer (1616) are fixedly connected with the lower surface of the upper plate (1611), the air spring (1613), the metal vibration damping ring (1614), the rubber vibration damping ring (1615) and the positive and negative poisson damping honeycomb structure layer (1616) are fixedly connected with the lower surface of the upper surface of the bottom plate (1611, the bottom plate (16111) and the bottom surface of the bottom plate (16111) and the bottom plate (16112) are fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the bottom plate (1611), the lower plate (1612) of the phonon crystal damping unit cell (161) at the upper part is fixedly connected with the upper plate (1611) of the phonon crystal damping unit cell (161) at the lower part.

4. The phononic crystal-based composite vibration damping device according to claim 3, wherein the positive and negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure layer (1616) comprises a plurality of square positive Poisson's ratio honeycomb structures and concave hexagonal negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structures, both of which are arranged according to a specific period and are wound into a ring shape, the positive Poisson's ratio honeycomb structures are located at four corners of a rectangle, the negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structures are located between the positive Poisson's ratio honeycomb structures, and the center of the rectangle forms a positive octagonal honeycomb structure.

5. The phononic crystal-based composite damping device according to claim 4, characterized in that the material of the top plate (11), bottom plate (12), metal damping ring (1614) and disc spring (13) is steel; the upper plate (1611), the lower plate (1612) and the positive and negative Poisson ratio honeycomb structure layer (1616) are made of rubber.

6. The composite vibration damper based on the phononic crystal as set forth in claim 5, characterized in that the interior of the steel ball (154) is hollow structure and the outer surface is provided with a plurality of small holes, the small holes are communicated with the interior of the steel ball (154).

7. A photonic crystal based composite damping device according to claim 1, characterised in that the three damping plate assemblies (1) are connected by pivot pins.

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