CN114702721B - Pressure-temperature dual-sensing aerogel material with dual-channel structure and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Pressure-temperature dual-sensing aerogel material with dual-channel structure and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A pressure-temperature dual sensing aerogel material with a dual-channel structure and a preparation method and application thereof belong to the field of sensing material and sensing device research. The preparation method is characterized in that a two-dimensional conductive nanosheet layer material is compounded with semi-crystalline polyethylene oxide to prepare a conductive aerogel material; the flexible microporous wall is of a first conductive channel structure, and when the flexible microporous wall is stressed, the microporous wall is bent, folded, contacted with each other and the like to generate resistance change so as to form a piezoresistive effect; the inner part of the microporous wall is a layered nanometer pore canal structure of polyoxyethylene intercalation and is a second conductive channel structure, polyoxyethylene is converted from a semi-crystalline state and an amorphous state when the temperature changes, and the nanometer pore canal shrinks or expands to generate resistance change so as to form a temperature resistance effect. The flexible wearable sensor based on the dual-sensing aerogel material can accurately detect and identify temperature and pressure signals; the weak difference of pulse and pulsation waveform changes of a human body under different body temperature states can be accurately detected.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of a dual-sensing aerogel material which has a dual-channel structure and can detect and identify pressure and temperature signals simultaneously. In particular to a preparation method of a conductive aerogel material compounded by a two-dimensional conductive nanosheet material and semi-crystalline polyethylene oxide.
Background
In future sensor technology applications, it is a necessary trend and a great challenge to accurately sense, for example, pulse signals of a human body at different temperatures. The conductive aerogel material prepared by compounding the two-dimensional conductive nanosheet layer material and the semi-crystalline polyethylene oxide has a two-layer conductive structure, and can sense the change of two signals, namely temperature and pressure. On this basis, we studied a dual sensing aerogel material and demonstrated its surprising subtle dual sensing properties.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a conductive aerogel material compounded by a two-dimensional conductive nanosheet layer material and semi-crystalline polyethylene oxide.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a pressure-temperature dual sensing aerogel material with a dual-channel structure is a conductive aerogel material compounded by a two-dimensional conductive nanosheet material and semi-crystalline polyethylene oxide, and is prepared from a two-dimensional transition metal carbide MXene and semi-crystalline polyethylene oxide; the flexible microporous wall is of a first conductive channel structure, and when the flexible microporous wall is stressed, the microporous wall is bent, folded, contacted with each other and the like to deform, so that resistance change is generated, and a piezoresistive effect is formed; the inner part of the microporous wall is a layered nanometer pore canal structure of polyoxyethylene intercalation and is a second conductive channel structure, polyoxyethylene is converted from a semi-crystalline state and an amorphous state when the temperature changes, and the nanometer pore canal shrinks or expands to generate resistance change so as to form a temperature resistance effect.
Furthermore, the aerogel has a honeycomb-shaped porous structure, the thickness of the microporous wall is 5-100nm, the length of the microporous wall is 50-1500 μm, and the aerogel is a first conductive channel structure; the density of the aerogel is 0.5-20mg/cm 3 . The interior of the microporous wall is a multi-level layered nanometer pore canal structure of polyoxyethylene intercalation, the interlayer spacing of the nanometer pore canal is 1.5-3nm, and the nanometer pore canal is a second conductive channel structure. When the microporous wall is stimulated by pressure, the pore walls deform, such as bending, folding, mutual contact and the like, so that resistance change is generated, and a piezoresistive effect is formed. When stimulated by temperature change, polyoxyethylene is converted from a semi-crystalline state and an amorphous state, and the nano pore channel shrinks or expands to generate resistance change so as to form a temperature resistance effect; specifically, when the temperature rises from below the melting point temperature of a polyoxyethylene crystal to above the melting point temperature, the polyoxyethylene is converted from a semi-crystalline state to an amorphous state, the viscosity is reduced, a nanopore formed by a two-dimensional conductive nanosheet layer material shrinks, and the resistance is reduced; temperature from polyWhen the melting point temperature of the ethylene oxide crystal is reduced to be lower than the melting point temperature, the polyethylene oxide is converted into a semi-crystalline state from an amorphous state, a nanopore formed by the two-dimensional conductive nanosheet layer material expands, and the resistance is increased.
A preparation method of a pressure-temperature dual sensing aerogel material with a dual-channel structure comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding polyoxyethylene into the aqueous dispersion liquid of the two-dimensional layered transition metal nanosheet, and oscillating for 1 minute to form a stable uniform dispersion liquid;
(2) Preparing an aerogel porous structure by freeze drying to form a multistage layered pore wall structure with polyethylene oxide inserted between two-dimensional layered transition metal nanosheets;
furthermore, the addition amount of the polyoxyethylene is 5-40wt% of the mass of the two-dimensional layered transition metal nanosheet material;
further, the concentration of the aqueous dispersion liquid of the two-dimensional layered transition metal nano-sheet is 5-40mg/ml.
Further, the two-dimensional conductive nanosheet layer material is graphene or two-dimensional layered transition metal carbide nanosheet (MXene); MXene is single-layer or few-layer titanium carbide Ti 3 C 2 T x The nano-sheet consists of transition metal, titanium or carbon and surface active end groups, the surface of the nano-sheet contains a large number of active end groups including hydroxyl and the like, and the area of the single-layer or few-layer nano-sheet is 0.1um 2 To 5um 2 And the thickness is 2-5nm, and the film is prepared by adopting a hydrogen fluoride etching method.
Further, the semi-crystalline polyethylene oxide has a molecular weight of 500, 1000, 1500, 2000, 3000 or a mixture thereof. The melting point range is between 20 and 60 ℃.
Further, the flexible wearable sensor structure comprises a flexible substrate, an interdigital electrode, a dual sensing aerogel material, an interdigital electrode and a flexible substrate which are assembled from bottom to top; the flexible substrate is one of polyethylene terephthalate, polyimide, polyurethane, polyacrylate, polyethylene naphthalate and polydimethoxysiloxane.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
when the microporous wall is stimulated by pressure, the pore walls deform, such as bending, folding, mutual contact and the like, so that resistance change is generated, and a piezoresistive effect is formed.
When stimulated by temperature change, the polyoxyethylene is converted from a semi-crystalline state and an amorphous state, and the nano pore channel shrinks or expands to generate resistance change so as to form a temperature resistance effect; specifically, when the temperature rises from below the melting point temperature of a polyoxyethylene crystal to above the melting point temperature, the polyoxyethylene is converted from a semi-crystalline state to an amorphous state, the viscosity is reduced, a nanopore formed by a two-dimensional conductive nanosheet layer material shrinks, and the resistance is reduced; when the temperature is reduced from the temperature above the melting point of the polyethylene oxide crystal to the temperature below the melting point, the polyethylene oxide is converted into a semi-crystalline state from an amorphous state, and the nanopore formed by the two-dimensional conductive nanosheet material expands to increase the resistance.
The flexible wearable pressure-temperature sensor is used for preparing a flexible wearable pressure-temperature sensor which can detect and identify pressure and temperature signals simultaneously. The performance characteristics of the flexible wearable pressure-temperature sensor comprise: the temperature and pressure signals can be accurately detected and identified; (2) The pressure detection range is between 0.005 and 2000Pa, and the temperature detection precision is between 0.05 and 0.2 ℃; (3) The pressure sensitivity has temperature dependence, and within the range of the melting point of polyoxyethylene, the sensitivity is increased with the temperature reduction by two times; (4) The weak difference of pulse and pulsation waveform changes of a human body under different body temperature states can be accurately detected.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual sensing aerogel material and a sensing device.
In the figure: the sensor comprises a flexible electrode 1, a dual sensing aerogel material 2, a two-dimensional layered transition metal nanosheet material 3 and polyethylene oxide 4.
FIG. 2 is a graph of the dual channel structural change of a dual sensing aerogel material when stimulated by pressure and temperature.
FIG. 3 is a temperature coefficient of resistance of a dual sensing aerogel material.
FIG. 4 is a graph of pressure sensing sensitivity of dual sensing aerogel materials at different temperatures.
FIG. 5 is a graph of pressure and temperature signals generated by a dual sensing aerogel material detecting, identifying water droplets of different weights and different temperatures.
Fig. 6 shows a flexible wearable pressure-temperature sensor for detecting pulse beat of human body.
Fig. 7 shows that the wearable pressure-temperature sensor accurately detects weak differences in pulse waveform changes of a human body at different body temperatures.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
The materials, reagents and the like used specifically and not shown in the examples are commercially available or may be obtained by a method known to those skilled in the art without specific description. The specific experimental procedures and operating conditions involved are generally in accordance with conventional process conditions and conditions as described in the manual or as recommended by the manufacturer.
Example 1:
(1) 20mg of MXene with the size of about 1-2 μm of a slice layer prepared by a chemical method (MILD method) is weighed and placed in a reagent bottle, 1mL of deionized water is added, and the mixture is subjected to ultrasonic treatment (the power is 500W) for 2 minutes to obtain 20mg/mL of MXene dispersion liquid.
(2) To the MXene solution were added 3.33mg of polyethylene oxide (molecular weight: 1500) and 0.67mg of polyethylene oxide (molecular weight: 1000), and the mixture was shaken for 3 minutes to completely dissolve the polyethylene oxide.
(3) And (3) cooling the solution obtained in the step (2), putting the cooled solution into a square mold, completely soaking the square mold in liquid nitrogen, and waiting for 10 minutes to completely freeze the solution.
(4) And (4) placing the solid obtained in the step (3) in a freeze dryer, and waiting for 2-3 days until the water is completely volatilized. And taking out the double-sensing aerogel material from the square mold to obtain the final double-sensing aerogel material. As shown in fig. 1, the dual sensing aerogel material is a conductive porous material formed by compounding a two-dimensional conductive nanosheet material and semi-crystalline polyethylene oxide, and the microporous wall has a multi-level layered structure.
(5) And testing the pressure sensing, temperature sensing and dual sensing performances. As shown in fig. 2, when the dual sensing aerogel material is pressed, the walls of the micro-pores are stimulated by the pressure, and the walls of the micro-pores are deformed such as bending, folding, and mutual contact, so as to generate resistance change, thereby forming a piezoresistive effect. When the temperature is stimulated, the polyoxyethylene is converted from a semi-crystalline state and an amorphous state, and the nano pore canal shrinks or expands to generate resistance change. FIG. 3 is a graph of the temperature coefficient of resistance of the dual sensing aerogel material, up to-10%/deg.C; FIG. 4 is a graph of pressure sensing sensitivity of dual sensing aerogel materials at different temperatures; FIG. 5 is a graph of pressure and temperature signals generated by a dual sensing aerogel material detecting, identifying water droplets of different weights and different temperatures; fig. 6 shows that the flexible wearable pressure-temperature sensor detects the pulse of a human body, and fig. 7 shows that the weak difference of the pulse waveform changes of the human body in different body temperature states can be accurately detected.
Example 2:
(1) 20mg of MXene with the size of about 1-2 μm in a slice layer prepared by a chemical method (MILD method) is weighed and placed in a reagent bottle, 1mL of deionized water is added, and the mixture is subjected to ultrasonic treatment (the power is 500W) for 2 minutes to obtain 20mg/mL of MXene dispersion liquid.
(2) To the MXene solution was added 4mg of polyethylene oxide (molecular weight 1000), and the mixture was shaken for 3 minutes to completely dissolve the polyethylene oxide.
(3) And (3) cooling the solution obtained in the step (2), putting the cooled solution into a square mold, completely soaking the square mold in liquid nitrogen, and waiting for 10 minutes to completely freeze the solution.
(4) And (4) placing the solid obtained in the step (3) in a freeze dryer, and waiting for 2-3 days until the water is completely volatilized. And taking out the double-sensing aerogel material from the square mold to obtain the final double-sensing aerogel material.
Example 3:
(1) 20mg of MXene with the size of about 1-2 μm in a slice layer prepared by a chemical method (MILD method) is weighed and placed in a reagent bottle, 1mL of deionized water is added, and the mixture is subjected to ultrasonic treatment (the power is 500W) for 2 minutes to obtain 20mg/mL of MXene dispersion liquid.
(2) To the MXene solution was added 4mg of polyethylene oxide (molecular weight: 1500), and the mixture was shaken for 3 minutes to completely dissolve the polyethylene oxide.
(3) And (3) cooling the solution obtained in the step (2), putting the cooled solution into a square mold, completely soaking the square mold in liquid nitrogen, and waiting for 10 minutes to completely freeze the solution.
(4) And (4) placing the solid obtained in the step (3) in a freeze dryer, and waiting for 2-3 days until the water is completely volatilized. And taking out the sensor material from the square mold to obtain the final sensor material.
Example 4:
(1) 20mg of MXene with the size of about 1-2 μm in a slice layer prepared by a chemical method (MILD method) is weighed and placed in a reagent bottle, 1mL of deionized water is added, and the mixture is subjected to ultrasonic treatment (the power is 500W) for 2 minutes to obtain 20mg/mL of MXene dispersion liquid.
(2) To the MXene solution were added 3.64mg of polyethylene oxide (molecular weight: 1500) and 0.36mg of polyethylene oxide (molecular weight: 1000), and the mixture was shaken for 3 minutes to completely dissolve the polyethylene oxide.
(3) And (3) cooling the solution obtained in the step (2), putting the cooled solution into a square mold, completely soaking the square mold in liquid nitrogen, and waiting for 10 minutes to completely freeze the solution.
(4) And (4) placing the solid obtained in the step (3) in a freeze dryer, and waiting for 2-3 days until the water is completely volatilized. And taking out the sensor material from the square mold to obtain the final sensor material.
Claims (9)
1. A pressure-temperature dual sensing aerogel material with a dual-channel structure is characterized in that: the double-sensing aerogel material is a conductive porous material formed by compounding a two-dimensional conductive nanosheet material and semi-crystalline polyethylene oxide, the microporous wall has a multi-level layered structure, and the flexible microporous wall is of a first conductive channel structure; polyethylene oxide is inserted between the two-dimensional conductive nanosheet layers to form a multi-level layered nanopore channel in the micropore wall, wherein the nanopore channel is of a second conductive channel structure; when the pressure is applied, the walls of the micro-pores are bent, folded and deformed in mutual contact, so that the resistance is changed; when the temperature changes, the polyoxyethylene is converted from a semi-crystalline state and an amorphous state, and the nano pore channel shrinks or expands to generate resistance change.
2. The method of claim 1The dual-sensing aerogel material is characterized in that: the aerogel has a honeycomb porous structure, the thickness of a microporous wall is 5-100nm, the length of the microporous wall is 50-1500 mu m, and the aerogel is of a first conductive channel structure; the density of the aerogel is 0.5-20mg/cm 3 。
3. The dual sensing aerogel material of claim 1, wherein: the interior of the microporous wall is a multi-level layered nanometer pore canal structure of polyoxyethylene intercalation, the interlayer spacing of the nanometer pore canal is 1.5-3nm, and the nanometer pore canal is a second conductive channel structure.
4. The dual sensing aerogel material of claim 1, wherein: when the temperature is increased from below the melting point temperature of the polyoxyethylene crystal to above the melting point temperature, the polyoxyethylene is converted into an amorphous state from a semi-crystalline state, the viscosity is reduced, the nanopore formed by the two-dimensional conductive nanosheet material is shrunk, and the resistance is reduced; when the temperature is reduced from the temperature above the melting point of the polyoxyethylene crystal to the temperature below the melting point, the polyoxyethylene is converted into a semi-crystalline state from an amorphous state, and a nanopore formed by the two-dimensional conductive nanosheet material expands to increase the resistance.
5. The dual sensing aerogel material of claim 1 or 4, wherein: the two-dimensional conductive nanosheet layer material is graphene or two-dimensional layered transition metal carbide nanosheet MXene; MXene is single-layer or few-layer titanium carbide Ti 3 C 2 T x The nano-sheet consists of transition metal, titanium or carbon and surface active end groups, the surface of the nano-sheet contains a large number of active end groups including hydroxyl, and the area of the single-layer or few-layer nano-sheet is 0.1um 2 To 5um 2 And the thickness is 2-5nm, and the film is prepared by adopting a hydrogen fluoride etching method.
6. The dual sensing aerogel material of claim 1, 3, or 4, wherein: the molecular weight of the semi-crystalline polyethylene oxide is one or a mixture of several of 500, 1000, 1500, 2000 and 3000, and the melting point range is 20-60 o And C, performing a chemical reaction.
7. The preparation method of the pressure-temperature dual sensing aerogel material with a dual-channel structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the following steps:
(1) Mixing and stirring the two-dimensional layered transition metal nanosheet aqueous dispersion liquid and the polyoxyethylene aqueous dispersion liquid to form a stable and uniform composite dispersion liquid; the addition amount of the polyoxyethylene is 5-40wt% of the mass of the two-dimensional layered transition metal nanosheet material; the concentration of the two-dimensional layered transition metal nanosheet aqueous dispersion is 5-40 mg/ml;
(2) And (3) preparing a conductive aerogel structure by freeze drying to form a multistage layered nanometer pore canal structure with polyethylene oxide inserted between two-dimensional layered transition metal nanometer sheet layers.
8. Use of the dual pressure-temperature sensing aerogel material having a dual channel structure according to any of claims 1-6, wherein: the flexible wearable pressure-temperature sensor is used for preparing a flexible wearable pressure-temperature sensor which can detect and identify pressure and temperature signals simultaneously; the pressure detection range of the flexible wearable pressure-temperature sensor is between 0.005 Pa and 2000Pa, and the temperature detection precision is between 0.05 Pa and 0.2 Pa o C is between; the pressure sensitivity is temperature dependent, and in the range of the melting point interval of polyoxyethylene, the sensitivity increases with decreasing temperature.
9. Use of the dual pressure-temperature sensing aerogel material having a dual channel structure according to claim 8, wherein: the flexible wearable pressure-temperature sensor structure comprises a flexible substrate, an interdigital electrode, a dual sensing aerogel material, an interdigital electrode and a flexible substrate which are assembled from bottom to top; the flexible substrate is one of polyethylene terephthalate, polyimide, polyurethane, polyacrylate, polyethylene naphthalate and polydimethoxysiloxane.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110387061A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-10-29 | 北京化工大学 | A kind of MXene-PDMS composite foam of hollow structure and its preparation method and application |
| CN112834088A (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2021-05-25 | 南开大学 | Bionic MXene aerogel-based sensing material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113416054A (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2021-09-21 | 北京化工大学 | Preparation method of silica nanofiber/MXene composite aerogel with double protection performance |
| WO2021196864A1 (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2021-10-07 | 北京航空航天大学 | Mxene composite gel material, preparation method and use |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110387061A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-10-29 | 北京化工大学 | A kind of MXene-PDMS composite foam of hollow structure and its preparation method and application |
| WO2021196864A1 (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2021-10-07 | 北京航空航天大学 | Mxene composite gel material, preparation method and use |
| CN112834088A (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2021-05-25 | 南开大学 | Bionic MXene aerogel-based sensing material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113416054A (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2021-09-21 | 北京化工大学 | Preparation method of silica nanofiber/MXene composite aerogel with double protection performance |
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| Lee, J. H. et al..Rational Design of All Resistive Multifunctional Sensors with Stimulus Discriminability.Adv. Funct. Mater..2021,第32卷(第1期),2107570. * |
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