CN114696594A - Power supply system and output voltage control method - Google Patents
Power supply system and output voltage control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114696594A CN114696594A CN202011595156.0A CN202011595156A CN114696594A CN 114696594 A CN114696594 A CN 114696594A CN 202011595156 A CN202011595156 A CN 202011595156A CN 114696594 A CN114696594 A CN 114696594A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/06—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider
- H02M3/07—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider using capacitors charged and discharged alternately by semiconductor devices with control electrode, e.g. charge pumps
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a power supply system and an output voltage control method. The boosting module in the power supply system comprises a diode series link and more than two capacitors, the total positive end of the diode series link is connected with the positive electrode of the basic power supply module, the total negative end of the diode series link is connected with the boosting output end, the upper polar plates of the boosting capacitors are respectively connected to different series nodes between the diode series links, in addition, the control module sets the boosting multiple based on the boosting requirement and adjusts the lower polar plate of each boosting capacitor to be in one of high level, low level and high resistance state respectively under the control of a clock signal, further adjusting the voltage of the boosting output end to be the set multiple of the basic voltage, realizing the adjustability of the boosting multiple, being beneficial to reducing the boosting loss and improving the output efficiency of the power supply, in addition, the power supply system does not need to adopt an inductance element, and can realize stable voltage output under a strong magnetic environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power supplies, in particular to a power supply system and an output voltage control method adopting the power supply system.
Background
Active Implantable Medical Device (AIMD) refers to a Medical Device that is intended for use in a human body and needs to be driven by electricity, gas, etc., such as an Implantable cardiac pacemaker, an Implantable defibrillator, an Implantable neurostimulator, an Implantable bladder stimulator, an Implantable sphincter stimulator, an Implantable diaphragm stimulator, an Implantable Active drug-taking Device, etc.
With the development of technology, power supply systems of various active implantable medical devices are designed to be implantable at present, and in order to meet the requirements of small volume and low noise, batteries with smaller voltage are generally adopted for power supply. Such as an implantable cardiac pacemaker (cardiac pacemaker), for generating cardiac stimulation signals for the treatment of cardiac dysfunction such as chronic cardiac arrhythmia. The amplitude of the pacing pulse generated by the implantable cardiac pacemaker should meet certain requirements, i.e. the required pacing voltage needs to be generated to stimulate the cardiac contraction to beat, so the power supply system is usually further provided with a voltage boosting circuit to obtain the required pacing voltage. Also for example, Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) device has become the first treatment of advanced parkinson's disease worldwide due to its clinical effects superior to destructive surgery, minimally invasive surgical procedures that do not destroy brain tissue, and reversibility of treatment protocols. For the deep brain stimulator, the power supply system also adopts a boosting circuit to obtain the required pulse voltage.
The output voltage (or stimulation voltage) required by the booster circuit is often different for different patients or different implantable medical devices, but the boosting multiple of the booster circuit commonly used at present is fixed, so that a large boosting loss is easily generated when the output is not high in amplitude, and the output efficiency of the power supply system is low.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems of the conventional booster circuit, the present invention provides a power supply system. In addition, an output voltage control method adopting the power supply system is also provided.
In one aspect, the present invention provides a power supply system, including a basic power supply module, a boost module and a control module; the basic power supply module is used for providing a basic voltage; the boost module comprises at least two diodes and at least two boost capacitors, the at least two diodes are sequentially connected in series to form a diode series link, the total positive end of the diode series link is connected with the positive electrode of the basic power module, the total negative end of the diode series link is connected with the boost output end of the power system, and the upper pole plate of each boost capacitor is respectively connected to different series nodes in the diode series link; the control module is connected with the boosting module and is configured to set a boosting multiple based on a boosting requirement, and adjust the lower pole plate of each boosting capacitor to be in one of a high level state, a low level state and a high resistance state under the control of a clock signal, so as to adjust the voltage of the boosting output end to be the set multiple of the basic voltage.
Optionally, the boost module further includes at least one energy storage filter capacitor, an upper electrode plate of the energy storage filter capacitor is connected to the boost output end, and a lower electrode plate is grounded.
Optionally, the control module includes a set of cascaded inverting units and a signal control unit, an output end of each stage of the inverting unit is connected to a lower plate of a corresponding one of the boost capacitors, the signal control unit has a voltage signal output end and a plurality of enable signal output ends, the voltage signal output end is connected to an input end of the first stage of the inverting unit to input a voltage signal with a periodically changing high and low level, each of the enable signal output ends is connected to an enable input end of each stage of the inverting unit, so that each stage of the inverting unit can receive the voltage signal at its input end and perform an inverting operation only after obtaining an effective enable signal, otherwise, an output end of the inverting unit is in a high impedance state.
Optionally, when the enable signal output end is at a low level, the enable signal is asserted, so that the corresponding inverting unit receives the voltage signal and performs the inverting operation; when the enable signal output end is at a high level, the enable signal is invalid, so that the output end of the phase inversion unit is in a high-resistance state.
Optionally, the voltage signal output by the voltage signal output end is a square wave signal, a high level voltage value of the square wave signal is equal to the basic voltage, and a low level voltage value is 0V.
Optionally, the frequency range of the voltage signal output by the voltage signal output end is 10kHz to 200 kHz.
Optionally, the signal control unit is an implantable microcontroller.
Optionally, the basic power module is a dc power supply, and the basic voltage is 2.5V to 3.7V.
Optionally, the boost module includes 2 to 4 capacitors.
Optionally, the power supply system is a power supply system of an implantable medical device, and the implantable medical device is a cardiac pacemaker or a deep brain stimulator.
In one aspect, the present invention provides an output voltage control method using the power supply system, including the following steps: setting a boosting multiple according to a boosting requirement and the basic voltage; according to the set boosting multiple, the lower pole plate of each boosting capacitor is adjusted to be in one of a high level, a low level and a high resistance state under the control of a clock signal, and then the voltage of the boosting output end is adjusted to be the set multiple of the basic voltage; when the boosting multiple is set to be N, the first (N-1) stage of the phase reversal units connected with the voltage signal output end in each stage of the phase reversal units are controlled to be enabled to be effective, the other stages of the phase reversal units are controlled to be disabled to be enabled, voltage signals with periodically changed high and low levels are input to the phase reversal units with enabled effective stages through the voltage signal output end, the energy storage filter capacitor is charged and stabilized at N times of the basic voltage along with the change of the voltage signals, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 1.
Optionally, in the output voltage control method, the lower plate of the boost capacitor is adjusted to be in one of a high level, a low level and a high impedance state by the following method:
setting the voltage signal input into the inverting unit to be at a high level in a state that the inverting unit is enabled to be effective, so that the lower plate of the boosting capacitor corresponding to the inverting unit is at a low level; setting the voltage signal input into the inverting unit to be at a low level in a state that the inverting unit is enabled to be effective, so that the lower plate of the boosting capacitor corresponding to the inverting unit is at a high level; or, the enable signal of the inverting unit is adjusted to disable the inverting unit, so that the lower plate of the boost capacitor corresponding to the inverting unit is in a high-resistance state.
The invention provides a power supply system which is provided with a boosting module and a control module connected with the boosting module, wherein the boosting module comprises a diode series link and at least two boosting capacitors, the total positive end of the diode series link is connected with the positive electrode of a basic power supply module, the total negative end of the diode series link is connected with the boosting output end of the power supply system, the upper polar plate of each boosting capacitor is respectively connected to different series nodes in the diode series link, the control module is configured to set a boosting multiple based on a boosting requirement, and the lower polar plate of each boosting capacitor is respectively in one of a high level state, a low level state and a high resistance state under the control of a clock signal, so that the voltage of the boosting output end is adjusted to be the set multiple of the basic voltage. The power supply system can realize adjustable boosting multiple, is beneficial to reducing boosting loss and improving power supply output efficiency. In addition, the power supply system does not need to adopt an inductance element, so that stable voltage output can be realized in a strong magnetic environment, the failure rate is reduced, and the service life of the power supply system is prolonged. The output voltage control method adopting the power supply system has similar advantages.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a power supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a power supply system according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the voltage signal output by the voltage signal output terminal according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart illustrating an output voltage control method according to an embodiment of the invention.
Description of the reference numerals:
100-a power supply system; 110-a base power module; 120-a boost module; 130-control module.
Detailed Description
The power supply system and the output voltage control method according to the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description. It is to be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and are not to precise scale, which is provided for the purpose of facilitating and clearly illustrating embodiments of the present invention.
Implantable medical devices are typically introduced into the body, in whole or in part, surgically or through medical intervention, into some natural orifice and remain in the body after the procedure is completed, and are therefore intended for implantation within the body. Implantable medical devices that require power typically rely on electrical energy to operate, and because they need to be placed in the body for long periods of time to operate, implantable medical devices require batteries to supply power, and the batteries cannot be too large. However, the output of the implantable medical device needs to reach a certain voltage amplitude to realize the required functions of electrical stimulation, regulation, or infusion, and the like, and the voltage of a single implantable battery is lower than the required voltage amplitude, which requires an internal circuit to boost the battery voltage to reach the stimulation amplitude, so a boost circuit needs to be additionally arranged in the implantable medical device to increase the output voltage. Taking a cardiac pacemaker as an example, the voltage of a commonly used implantable battery is about 2.8V, and when the battery is used in vivo, the voltage output by the battery needs to be boosted through a booster circuit, so that the voltage output by a battery system meets the pacing voltage requirement. However, due to different specific situations of the implanted individual or different output voltages required by different medical conditions or treatment means, the voltage-boosting factor of the voltage-boosting circuit commonly used in the implantable medical device is fixed at present, which results in a large voltage-boosting loss when outputting a non-high amplitude value, and thus the output efficiency of the power supply system is low. In addition, the boost circuit adopted by the power supply system of some implantable medical equipment at present comprises an inductive element, and the inductive element is easily influenced by a magnetic field, so that the power supply system is easily influenced when working in strong magnetic environments such as nuclear magnetic resonance, a high-frequency electrotome, a transformer substation and high-power equipment, and the implantable medical equipment is abnormal.
The invention provides a power supply system and an output voltage control method adopting the power supply system, which have the characteristic of adjustable boosting multiple, so that the boosting multiple of the power supply system can be adjusted according to the actually required output voltage without changing the hardware structure of the power supply system, the boosting loss is favorably reduced, and the power supply output efficiency is improved. In addition, the power supply system does not adopt an inductive element to realize boosting, so that stable voltage output can be realized in a strong magnetic environment, the failure rate of implanted medical equipment using the power supply system is reduced, and the service life of the implanted medical equipment is prolonged.
The implantable medical device in the embodiment of the present invention may refer to a medical device that is intended to be implanted in a human body and needs to use power, such as an implantable cardiac pacemaker, an implantable defibrillator, an implantable neurostimulator, an implantable bladder stimulator, an implantable sphincter stimulator, an implantable diaphragm stimulator, an implantable active medicine taking device, and so on. The implanted nerve stimulator is, for example, a deep brain electrical stimulator.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a power supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a power supply system according to an embodiment of the invention. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, one embodiment of the invention includes a power supply system 100, the power supply system 100 being used, for example, in an implantable medical device. The power system 100 includes a base power module 110, a boost module 120, and a control module 130.
The basic power module 110 is used for providing a basic voltage Vdc. In this embodiment, the base power module 110 is a dc power source, such as a battery that can be used in an implantable medical device. The basic voltage V output by the basic power module 110dcAbout 2.5 to 3.5V, more specifically about 2.8V. The positive pole of the basic power module 110 is connected to the boost module 120, and the negative pole of the basic power module 110 is grounded.
The boost module 120 comprises a set of diodes connected in series, at least two of which can be denoted as D1、D2、D3、...、Dn(n is an integer of 2 or more), four serially connected halves are shown in FIG. 2Polar tube D1、D2、D3、D4. For these diodes connected in series, called a diode series link, the overall positive terminal of the diode series link (referred to as diode D in fig. 2)1The positive terminal of the base power module 110) and the overall negative terminal of the diode series link (referred to as diode D in fig. 2)4Negative terminal of) is connected to the boost output terminal. The boost output is the voltage output of the power supply system 100, which corresponds to the output voltage VO. Specifically, in one embodiment, diode D1Is directly connected with the anode of the basic power module 110, and a diode D2Anode terminal of the diode D1Negative terminal of (2), diode D3Anode terminal of the diode D3The number of diodes between the basic power module 110 and the boost output terminal can be set as desired. The individual diodes may be of the type disclosed in the art, for example, having the same or similar specifications.
The boost module 120 further includes at least two capacitors, which may be denoted as C1、C2、...、Cn(n is an integer greater than or equal to 2), wherein at least two of said capacitors are used for boosting, called boost capacitors, as shown in fig. 2 for three boost capacitors C1、C2、C3The upper plate (i.e. the high-level end) of each boosting capacitor is respectively connected to different series nodes in the diode series link (at most only the upper plate of one boosting capacitor is connected between two diodes which are sequentially connected in series). Referring to fig. 2, the boost capacitor C of the boost module 1201Is connected to the diode D1And a diode D2In series (corresponding voltage is denoted as V)1) Boost capacitor C2Is connected to the diode D2And a diode D3In series (corresponding voltage is denoted as V)2) Boost capacitor C3Is connected to the diode D3And a diode D4In series (corresponding voltage is denoted as V)3). In this embodiment, the two adjacent boost capacitorsThe series nodes connected by the plates are separated by a diode, but not limited thereto, in another embodiment, the anode of the base power module 110 and the boost capacitor C1Boost capacitor C between corresponding series nodes1And a boost capacitor C2Boost capacitor C between corresponding series nodes2And a boost capacitor C3More than two diodes connected in series may be included between respective series nodes. The capacitance of each boosting capacitor can be set to be the same, for example, the capacitance is 22 uF.
Referring to fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the boost module 120 may further include at least one energy storage filter capacitor C4Said energy storage filter capacitor C4The upper plate of (a) is connected to the boost output terminal of the power supply system 100, and the lower plate (i.e., the low-level terminal) is grounded. The energy storage filter capacitor C4For storing the voltage to be output by the power supply system 100, so that the voltage Vo at the boost output terminal is a stable output voltage. Load (R shown in FIG. 2) of power supply system 100L) Connected between the boost output and ground.
The control module 130 of the power system 100 is connected to the boosting module 120, the control module 130 sets a boosting multiple based on the boosting requirement, and adjusts the lower plate of each boosting capacitor to be in one of a high level, a low level and a high impedance state under the control of a clock signal, and further, the control module 130 adjusts the voltage Vo at the boosting output end to be the basic voltage VdcIs set to be the multiple of (1). In the control process, the voltage state of the lower plate of each boosting capacitor can be the same or different.
Specifically, referring to fig. 2, the control module 130 may include a set of cascaded inverting units, denoted as S1、S2、...、Sn(n is an integer greater than or equal to 2), that is, the output end of the previous stage of inverting unit is connected with the input end of the next stage of inverting unit, the output end of each stage of inverting unit has an output node, and for the inverting unit S1、S2、...、SnTheir output nodes can be respectively marked as G1、G2、G3...、Gn(n is 2 or moreInteger) of the first stage and the second stage, wherein the output node (e.g. G) of the inverting unit of the previous stage and the output terminal of the inverting unit of the next stage connected to its output terminal correspond to each other1And G2) The level of (2) is inverted. In this embodiment, the output end of each stage of the inverting unit may be configured to be connected to the lower plate of a corresponding one of the boosting capacitors. Each of the above-mentioned boost capacitors C1、C2、...、CnThe lower pole plates of (1) can be respectively connected with the cascaded phase reversal units S1、S2、...、SnThe inverting unit of one stage corresponds to the other stage, and the lower plate of each boosting capacitor is connected to the output node of the corresponding inverting unit. As shown in fig. 2, the boost capacitor C1The lower pole plate is connected with the phase reversal unit S1Output node G of1Thereby boosting the capacitance C1Level of the lower plate of (1) is along with the output node G1Varies. In addition, a boost capacitor C2The lower pole plate is connected with the phase reversal unit S2Output node G of2Boost capacitor C2Level of the lower plate of (1) is along with the output node G2Is changed to boost the capacitance C3The lower pole plate is connected with the phase reversal unit S3Output node G of3Boost capacitor C3Level of the lower plate of (1) is along with the output node G3Varies. The inverting unit may adopt various structures having an inverting function, here, for example, an inverter.
The control module 130 of the present embodiment may further include a signal controller having a voltage signal output terminal (corresponding to the voltage signal V in fig. 2)clk) And a plurality of enable signal outputs (corresponding to the enable signal P)1、P2、...、Pn(n is an integer of 2 or more)). The voltage signal output end and the cascaded phase-reversing unit S1、S2、...、SnIs connected to input a voltage signal with periodically changing high and low levels to the cascaded inverting unit. Each enable signal output end is respectively connected with the enable input end of each stage of the phase reversal unit so as to input corresponding enable signals to the connected phase reversal unit, and each enable signal output end is connected with the enable input end of each stage of the phase reversal unit so as to output corresponding enable signals to the connected phase reversal unitThe enable signals obtained by the inverting units may or may not be identical. Whether an inverting unit is active when the corresponding enable signal is high or low may be defined in terms of the actual circuitry of the inverting unit. In this embodiment, each of the inverting units is enabled at a low level and disabled at a high level, that is, when the enable signal output end is at a low level, the corresponding enable signal is enabled, so that the corresponding inverting unit receives the voltage signal and performs an inverting operation; when the enable signal output end is at a high level, the corresponding enable signal is invalid, so that the output end of the phase inversion unit is in a high-resistance state. In other embodiments, some or all of the inverting units in the control module may also be enabled at a high level and disabled at a low level, that is, when the connected enable signal output terminal is at a high level, the enable signal is enabled, so as to perform an inverting operation on the received voltage signal, and when the enable signal output terminal is at a low level, the enable signal is disabled, and the output terminal is at a high impedance state.
Each inverting unit can receive the voltage signal from its own input terminal and perform an inverting operation only after obtaining an active enable signal (the enable signal is active at a low level, for example); otherwise, when a valid enable signal is not obtained (the enable signal is invalid when the enable signal is at a high level, for example), the inverting unit does not perform inverting operation, and the corresponding output end and the output node connected with the corresponding lower plate of the boost capacitor are in a high-impedance state. The control module 130 is, for example, a microcontroller (MCU, or referred to as a single chip), and may be configured with a plurality of general input/output (IO) ports of the MCU as the enable signal output port, and a clock pin of the MCU as the voltage signal output port. The MCU can determine the boosting multiple according to the boosting requirement and the basic voltage, and controls the output of the voltage signal output end and the enable signal output end through corresponding programs. The microcontroller is preferably implantable for implantation into the human body with the power supply system 100.
The voltage signal with a period variation output by the voltage signal output terminal is, for example, a square wave signal, a sine wave signal, a sawtooth wave signal, or the like. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the voltage signal output from the voltage signal output terminal according to an embodiment of the present inventionSchematic diagram of numbers. Referring to fig. 3, in an embodiment of the present invention, the voltage signal output by the voltage signal output terminal is a square wave signal. The high level voltage value of the square wave signal can be set to be equal to the basic voltage VdcEqually, the low level voltage value may be set to 0V. The voltage signal V output by the voltage signal output endclkThe frequency range of (2) is about 10kHz to 200kHz, for example, 10 kHz.
The power supply system 100 of the implantable medical device of this embodiment is provided with a basic power supply module 110, a boosting module 120, and a control module 130 connected to the boosting module 120, where the control module 130 sets a boosting multiple based on a boosting requirement, and adjusts a lower plate of each boosting capacitor to be in one of a high level, a low level, and a high impedance state under the control of a clock signal, so that the lower plate of any one of the boosting capacitors can be in one of the high level, the low level, and the high impedance state along with time change. For example, in the circuit of the power supply system of one embodiment shown in fig. 2, the inverting unit S1E.g. active for low level enable, enable signal P1Is at a low level and has a voltage signal VclkAt high level, the boost capacitor C1Is adjusted to a low level, enabling signal P1When the voltage signal Vclk is at a low level, the boost capacitor C1Is adjusted to a high level, enabling signal P1At high level, the inverting unit S1Disable, boost capacitor C1The lower plate of (2) is in a high resistance state.
The control module 130 may adjust the voltage Vo of the boost output terminal to the base voltage VdcThe voltage boosting multiple is adjustable by setting multiple. Taking the deep brain stimulator as an example, with the power supply system 100 of this embodiment, the boosting multiple can be properly adjusted according to the current stimulation amplitude, when the stimulation amplitude is low, the boosting multiple can be adjusted to meet the requirement of low-voltage output, boosting according to the highest multiple is not needed, the highest output voltage is +12V, for example, so as to compare with the fixed boosting multiple of +12V output, waste of +12V excessive voltage margin can be avoided, thereby contributing to reducing power loss when the stimulation amplitude is low, and improving the power output efficiency.Further, the power supply system 100 does not need to use an inductive element, so that stable voltage output can be realized in a strong magnetic environment, which is beneficial to reducing the failure rate of the power supply system and the failure rate of the implantable medical device using the power supply system, and prolonging the service life.
Depending on the requirements of some implantable medical devices (e.g., cardiac pacemaker, deep brain stimulator), it is preferable that the boosting requirement of the power supply system 100 is raised up to the base voltage Vdc4 times (i.e. by adjusting the output voltage to be the basic voltage V)dc1, 2, 3 or 4 times), for example, about 12V, the boosting module 120 may include 3 boosting capacitors. It should be understood, however, that the present invention is not limited thereto, and in one embodiment, the output of the power supply system can reach the base voltage V at the maximumdc2 times (i.e. by adjusting the output voltage to be the base voltage Vdc1 or 2) the boost module may only include 1 of the boost capacitors. In another embodiment, the output of the power supply system can reach the base voltage V at maximumdc3 times (i.e. by adjusting, the output voltage can be the basic voltage V)dc1, 2 or 3) times, the boost module may include only 2 of the boost capacitors. In another embodiment, the power supply system 100 can also meet the 5-fold and 6-fold boosting requirements by adjusting the settings of the boosting modules and using the corresponding control modules 130. In the power supply system 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention, if the boosting multiple is N (N is an integer greater than or equal to 1), the number of the boosting capacitors in the boosting module 120 may be controlled to be (N-1).
The embodiment of the present invention further relates to an output voltage control method using the power supply system 100, and referring to fig. 2, the power supply system 100 may include the voltage signal output terminal V of the slave control module 130clkSequentially cascaded inverting units S1、S2、...、SnEach stage of the inverting unit S1、S2、...、SnOutput node G of1、G2、G3...、GnAre respectively connected withEach boost capacitor C1、C2、...、CnThe voltage (V) of a plurality of series nodes between diode series links1、V2、V3、...、Vn) Are respectively each boost capacitor C1、C2、...、CnThe power supply system shown in fig. 2 can be regarded as a power supply system structure with n equal to 3, which comprises three boosting capacitors C1、C2、C3C in FIG. 24Representing the energy storage filter capacitance. In other embodiments, the number of the energy storage filter capacitors may also be multiple, for example, 2 or 3.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart illustrating an output voltage control method according to an embodiment of the invention. Referring to fig. 4, the output voltage control method includes the following first and second steps:
the first step is as follows: setting a boosting multiple according to a boosting requirement and a basic voltage;
the second step is as follows: according to the boosting multiple, the lower pole plate of each boosting capacitor is adjusted to be in one of a high level, a low level and a high resistance state under the control of a clock signal, and then the voltage of the boosting output end is adjusted to be the set multiple of the basic voltage; when the boosting multiple is set to be N, the first (N-1) stage of the phase reversal units connected with the voltage signal output end in each stage of the phase reversal units are controlled to enable to be effective, the other stages of the phase reversal units are controlled to enable to be ineffective, voltage signals with periodically changed high and low levels are input to the phase reversal units with enabled to be effective through the voltage signal output end, the energy storage filter capacitor is charged and stabilized at N times of the basic voltage along with the change of the voltage signals, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 1.
In the above output voltage control method, the boost multiple refers to a ratio of a voltage Vo at the boost output terminal to a base voltage, and when N is 1, the boost multiple is 1, that is, Vo is VdcIn this case, "controlling the (N-1) stages of the inverting units in each stage to enable" actually means controlling all the inverting units to disable. Hereinafter, the power supply system shown in FIG. 2 is taken as an example to respectively describe the power supply systemAnd the pressure multiples are respectively 1, 2, 3 and 4.
When the boosting multiple is 1, controlling each stage of inverting unit to be disabled, prohibiting the inverting units at all stages from outputting, and enabling the output end to be in a high-impedance state, namely, the output node connected with the lower pole plate of each boosting capacitor is in a high-impedance state, the lower pole plate of each boosting capacitor is in an open circuit, and the voltage V of the boosting output end isOIs the base voltage, i.e. VO＝Vdc；
When the voltage boosting multiple is 2, the inverting unit connected with the voltage signal output end, namely the first-stage inverting unit in the inverting units (in fig. 2, the inverting unit S1Connection voltage signal VclkI.e. as a first stage inverter unit) and the remaining stages of inverter units (referring to all inverter units in the stages following the enabled inverter unit, e.g. the second stage inverter unit S in fig. 2)2And a third stage inverting unit S3) Not enabled and directed to the first stage inverting unit (S in fig. 2)1) The voltage signal with periodically changed high and low levels is input, and as the voltage signal changes, the energy storage filter capacitor (such as C4 in FIG. 2) charges and stabilizes at 2 times of the basic voltage, and the voltage V at the boost output endO＝2Vdc；
Controlling the first stage inverting unit (S) when the boosting multiple is 31) And with said first stage inverting unit (S)1) Output node G of1Connected second stage inverting unit (S)2) The remaining inversion units (referring to all inversion units at the subsequent stage of the enabled inversion unit, such as the third stage inversion unit S in FIG. 2)3) Not enabled, and to the first stage inverting unit (S)1) Inputting voltage signals with periodically changed high and low levels, and along with the change of the voltage signals, the energy storage filter capacitor is charged and stabilized at 3 times of the basic voltage, namely the voltage V of the boosting output endO＝3Vdc；
Controlling the first stage inverting unit (S) when the boosting multiple is 41) The second stage inverting unit (S)2) And with said second stage inverting unit (S)2) Third stage inverting of the output connection ofUnit (S)3) Enabling the rest of the inversion units and not enabling the rest of the inversion units (as shown in FIG. 2, in the case that the inversion unit is not arranged at the stage after the enabled inversion unit, the number of the rest of the inversion units is 0, and all the inversion units in the control module are enabled at the moment), and enabling the inversion units of the first stage (S)1) Inputting voltage signals with periodically changed high and low levels, and along with the change of the voltage signals, the energy storage filter capacitor is charged and stabilized at 4 times of the basic voltage, namely the voltage V of the boosting output endO＝4Vdc。
Reference is now made to fig. 2 and 3 to apply a base voltage V using power supply system 100dcRaised to 2, 3 and 4 times of base voltage Vdc(i.e. the voltage V at the boost outputOAre each 2Vdc、3Vdc、4Vdc) For example, the output voltage control method according to the embodiment of the present invention is further described. It is understood that, in some embodiments, the boosting multiple set in the first step may be greater than 4, and in the second step, the inverting units may be controlled to be enabled or disabled according to the boosting multiple set in the first step, and the voltage signal output by the voltage signal output terminal may be controlled such that the voltage V at the boosting output terminal varies with the voltage signalOTo a base voltage VdcIs set to be a multiple of (c). The following description will be made taking as an example that all the inverting units employed in the power supply system 100 are enabled at a low level, and even if the enable signal is at a low level, the inverting units can perform inverting output, and when the enable signal is at a high level, the inverting units are disabled from outputting. It will be appreciated that in some embodiments, depending on the particular type of inverting unit, at least some of the inverting units in the power system may also be active high, and the level of the enable signal may be changed accordingly to enable or disable the inverting units.
In one embodiment, the power system 100 outputs 2 times the base voltage, i.e., VO＝2Vdc. To achieve this, the control module 130 controls the output of the voltage signal output terminal and the enable signal output terminal to implement the following processes:
enabling signal P1Is low level, P2And P3At a high level, the first stage inverting unit S1Turning on output, output node G1Is a voltage signal VclkOf a second stage of the inverting unit S2And a third stage inverting unit S3Inhibit output, output node G2And G3A boost capacitor C in high resistance state2、C3The lower polar plate is open circuit, and a boosting capacitor C is used1Performing voltage boosting;
at an initial time t0, the voltage signal output terminal of the control module 130 is directed to the first stage inverting unit S1Input voltage signal VclkAt a high level, the first stage inverting unit S1Corresponding output node G1At a low level, boost the capacitor C1Voltage V of the series node connected to the upper plate1Is a base voltage VdcBoost capacitor C1Pressure difference of VdcAnd starts charging to Vdc；
At a first time t1, the voltage signal VclkAt a low level, the first stage inverting unit S1Corresponding output node G1At a high level, boost the capacitor C1The voltage of the upper polar plate is increased to 2VdcVoltage V of the corresponding series node1Is 2VdcEnergy storage filter capacitor C4Starts to charge and stabilizes the voltage at 2VdcFinally step up the voltage V at the output terminalOUp to 2Vdc。
In one embodiment, the voltage V at the boost output of the power system 100 isOTo reach 3 times the base voltage, i.e. VO＝3Vdc. To achieve this, the control module 130 controls the output of the voltage signal output terminal and the enable signal output terminal to implement the following processes:
enable signal P1、P2Is low level, P3At a high level, the first stage inverting unit S1And a second stage inverting unit S2Turning on output, output node G1Is a voltage signal VclkIs inverted, the output node G2At a level of G1Inversion of level, third stage inversion unit S3Inhibit output, inputEgress node G3A high impedance state, a boost capacitor C3The lower polar plate is open circuit, and a boosting capacitor C is used1And C2Performing voltage boosting;
at an initial time t0, the voltage signal VclkAt a high level, G1At a low level, G2At a high level, the voltage V of two series nodes in a diode series link1、V2Are all VdcBoost capacitor C1Differential pressure of VdcAnd starts charging to VdcBoost capacitor C2The pressure difference is 0V;
at a first time t1, the voltage signal VclkAt a low level, the first stage inverting unit S1Output node G of1At a high level, the second stage inverting unit S2Output node G of2Is at low level, and is connected with a boost capacitor C1Voltage V of series node connected to upper plate1Increasing to 2VdcBoost capacitor C1Pressure difference of 2VdcAnd starts to charge to 2Vdc；
At a second time t2, the voltage signal VclkAt a high level, the first stage inverting unit S1Output node G of1At a low level, the second stage inverting unit S2Output node G of2Is at high level, and a boost capacitor C1Voltage V of series node connected to upper plate1Is a VdcAnd a boost capacitor C2Voltage V of series node connected to upper plate2Is 3VdcSaid energy storage filter capacitor C4Starts to charge and stabilizes the voltage at 3VdcFinally step up the voltage V at the output terminalOReach 3Vdc。
In one embodiment, the voltage V at the boost output of the power system 100 isOTo reach 4 times the base voltage, i.e. VO＝4Vdc. To achieve this, the control module 130 controls the output of the voltage signal output terminal and the enable signal output terminal, and performs the following processes:
enable signal P1、P2、P3At a low level, the first stage inverting unit S1Second stage of inverting sheetYuan S2And a third stage inverting unit S3Turning on output, output node G1Is output as a voltage signal VclkIs inverted, the output node G2Has an output of G1Is inverted, the output node G3Has an output of G2Is the inverse of (C), the boost capacitor1、C2、C3Are all used for boosting voltage;
at an initial time t0, the voltage signal VclkAt a high level, the first stage inverting unit S1Corresponding output node G1At a low level, the second stage inverting unit S2Corresponding output node G2At a high level, a third-stage inverting unit S3Corresponding output node G3At low level, and correspondingly, the voltage V of three series nodes in the diode series link1、V2、V3Are all VdcBoost capacitor C1Differential pressure of VdcAnd starts charging to Vdc，C2Differential pressure of 0V, C3Differential pressure of VdcAnd starts charging to Vdc；
At a first time t1, the voltage signal VclkAt a low level, an output node G1Is at a high level, G2At a low level, G3At a high level, the first stage inverting unit S1Corresponding boost capacitor C1Voltage V of series node connected to upper plate1Increasing to 2VdcBoost capacitor C2Pressure difference of 2VdcAnd starts charging to the series node V2Increasing to 2VdcBoost capacitor C3Corresponding serial node V3Is raised to 2Vdc；
At a second time t2, the voltage signal VclkAt a high level, an output node G1At a low level, G2At a high level, G3Is at low level, and is connected with a boost capacitor C1、C2Voltage V of series node connected to upper plate1、V2Are each VdcAnd 3VdcAnd a boost capacitor C3Pressure difference of 3VdcAnd starts to charge to 3VdcAnd thus the voltage V of the corresponding series node3Increasing to 3Vdc；
At a third time t3, the voltage signal VclkAt a low level, the output node G1Is at a high level, G2At a low level, G3At a high level, corresponding to the boost capacitor C1Voltage V of series node connected by upper plate1Is 2VdcAnd a boost capacitor C2Voltage V of series node connected to upper plate2Is 2VdcAnd a boost capacitor C3Voltage V of series node connected by upper plate3Is 4VdcSaid energy storage filter capacitor C4The charging is stabilized at 4VdcFinally step up the voltage V at the output terminalOIs 4Vdc。
The initial time t0 and the first time t1, the first time t1 and the second time t2, the second time t2 and the third time t3 may belong to the same voltage waveform period, or may be separated by several voltage waveform periods, and when the energy storage filter capacitor C is used4Is reaching a base voltage VdcAfter the multiple is set, the power supply system 100 can keep the enable signal unchanged and make the voltage signal VclkThe energy storage filter capacitor C is still changed according to the original period4Is stabilized at a base voltage VdcIs set to be the multiple of (1). When the voltage of the boosting output end needs to be changed, the output of the enabling signal output end can be changed, so that the boosting module is restored to the state at the initial moment, and then the voltage signal output end inputs a corresponding voltage signal with periodically changed high and low levels to the cascaded phase reversal unit, so that the corresponding output voltage is obtained.
By using the power supply system and the output voltage control method of the implantable medical device in this embodiment, the basic voltage output by the basic voltage module 110 can be increased to meet the design requirement of higher voltage of the implantable medical device, and the multiple of the output voltage after final boosting relative to the basic voltage can be adjusted by adjusting the output signals of the basic voltage module 110, the boosting module 120 and the control module 130. The method for realizing adjustable multiple does not need to change the hardware structure, is flexible in adjustment, and can be used for meeting the requirements of implantable medical equipment in different types or different states and the individual requirements of different patients. The power supply system 100 may be implanted in a human body along with an implanted portion of an implanted medical device. The boost module 120 of the power supply system 100 does not need to be provided with an inductive element, and the control module 120 can also utilize a structure without the inductive element, so that the power supply system 100 can be normally used even in a strong magnetic environment, the boost requirement of the implantable medical device can be met, the anti-interference capability is improved, and the stability of voltage output is enhanced.
Embodiments of the present invention further relate to an implantable medical device, in which the power supply system 100 is disposed, that is, the power supply system 100 may be a power supply system of the implantable medical device. The implantable medical device may be a cardiac pacing apparatus, a deep brain electrical stimulator, or the like. Due to the adoption of the power supply system 100, the multiple of the output voltage of the power supply system 100 is adjustable, and the power supply system 100 does not comprise an inductive element, so that the implanted medical equipment can be normally used even in a strong magnetic environment, the anti-interference degree of the implanted medical equipment in the strong magnetic environment can be greatly improved, the power supply stability of the high voltage required by a working circuit is enhanced, and the equipment failure rate is reduced.
In different circuit implementations, the structures of the boost module and the control module of the power supply system of the present invention may be different, but it should be understood that circuits formed by changing their implementations without departing from the technical principles of the present invention also belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The above description is only for the purpose of describing the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the claims of the present invention, and any person skilled in the art can make possible the variations and modifications of the technical solutions of the present invention using the methods and technical contents disclosed above without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. A power supply system, comprising:
the basic power supply module is used for providing a basic voltage;
the boost module comprises at least two diodes and at least two boost capacitors, the at least two diodes are sequentially connected in series to form a diode series link, the total positive end of the diode series link is connected with the positive electrode of the basic power module, the total negative end of the diode series link is connected with the boost output end of the power system, and the upper pole plate of each boost capacitor is respectively connected to different series nodes in the diode series link; and (c) a second step of,
and the control module is connected with the boosting module and is configured to set a boosting multiple based on a boosting requirement, and adjust the lower polar plate of each boosting capacitor to be in one of a high level, a low level and a high impedance state under the control of a clock signal, so as to adjust the voltage of the boosting output end to be the set multiple of the basic voltage.
2. The power system of claim 1, wherein the boost module further comprises at least one energy storage filter capacitor, an upper plate of the energy storage filter capacitor is connected to the boost output terminal, and a lower plate of the energy storage filter capacitor is grounded.
3. The power supply system of claim 1, wherein the control module comprises:
the output end of each stage of the inverting unit is connected with the lower electrode plate of one corresponding boosting capacitor; and (c) a second step of,
the signal control unit is provided with a voltage signal output end and a plurality of enabling signal output ends, the voltage signal output end is connected with the input end of the first-stage inverting unit so as to input voltage signals with periodically changed high and low levels, and each enabling signal output end is respectively connected with the enabling input end of each stage of inverting unit, so that each stage of inverting unit can receive the voltage signal of the input end of the inverting unit and execute inverting operation only after obtaining effective enabling signals, otherwise, the output end of the inverting unit is in a high-impedance state.
4. The power supply system according to claim 3, wherein when the enable signal output terminal is at a low level, the enable signal is asserted so that the corresponding inverting unit receives the voltage signal and performs the inverting operation; when the enable signal output end is at a high level, the enable signal is invalid, so that the output end of the phase inversion unit is in a high-resistance state.
5. The power supply system of claim 3, wherein the voltage signal output from the voltage signal output terminal is a square wave signal, a high level voltage value of the square wave signal is equal to the base voltage, and a low level voltage value of the square wave signal is 0V.
6. The power supply system of claim 3, wherein the voltage signal output by the voltage signal output terminal has a frequency range of 10kHz to 200 kHz.
7. The power supply system of claim 3, wherein the signal control unit is an implantable microcontroller.
8. The power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the base power supply module is a direct current power supply, and the base voltage is 2.5V to 3.7V.
9. The power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the boost module includes 2 to 4 of the boost capacitors.
10. The power supply system of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the power supply system is a power supply system of an implantable medical device, the implantable medical device being a cardiac pacemaker or a deep brain stimulator.
11. A method of controlling an output voltage using the power supply system according to claim 3, comprising:
setting a boosting multiple according to a boosting requirement and the basic voltage;
according to the set boosting multiple, the lower pole plate of each boosting capacitor is adjusted to be in one of a high level state, a low level state and a high resistance state under the control of a clock signal, and then the voltage of the boosting output end is adjusted to be the set multiple of the basic voltage;
when the boosting multiple is set to be N, enabling of the front (N-1) stage of inverting units connected with the voltage signal output end in each stage of inverting units to be effective and enabling of the other stages of inverting units to be ineffective are controlled, voltage signals with high and low levels changing periodically are input to the inverting units with the enabled stages through the voltage signal output ends, the energy storage filter capacitor is charged and stabilized at N times of the basic voltage along with the change of the voltage signals, and N is an integer larger than or equal to 1.
12. The output voltage control method of claim 11, wherein the lower plate of the boost capacitor is regulated to one of a high level, a low level, and a high impedance state by:
setting the voltage signal input into the inverting unit to be at a high level in a state that the inverting unit is enabled to be effective, so that the lower plate of the boosting capacitor corresponding to the inverting unit is at a low level;
setting the voltage signal input into the inverting unit to be at a low level in a state that the inverting unit is enabled to be effective, so that the lower plate of the boosting capacitor corresponding to the inverting unit is at a high level; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
and adjusting an enable signal of the phase inversion unit to disable the phase inversion unit, so that the lower polar plate of the boost capacitor corresponding to the phase inversion unit is in a high-resistance state.
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