CN114670685A - Single-phase vehicle-mounted integrated three-level NPC charging power supply module - Google Patents

Single-phase vehicle-mounted integrated three-level NPC charging power supply module Download PDF

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CN114670685A
CN114670685A CN202210418244.6A CN202210418244A CN114670685A CN 114670685 A CN114670685 A CN 114670685A CN 202210418244 A CN202210418244 A CN 202210418244A CN 114670685 A CN114670685 A CN 114670685A
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phase
current
power supply
level npc
permanent magnet
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Chinese (zh)
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陈亦文
蔡杨鑫
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Fuzhou University
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Fuzhou University
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
    • B60L53/22—Constructional details or arrangements of charging converters specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
    • B60L53/24—Using the vehicle's propulsion converter for charging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/12—Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
    • H02M1/4208—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
    • H02M1/4233—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input using a bridge converter comprising active switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

Abstract

The invention relates to a single-phase vehicle-mounted integrated three-level NPC charging power supply module which is formed by sequentially cascading a single-phase alternating-current power supply unit, a three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor, a three-level NPC converter and an energy-storage type direct-current storage battery; the single-phase alternating-current power supply unit consists of a power grid, a charging switch K1 and a discharging switch K2, wherein the power grid is connected with K1 in series and then connected with K2 in parallel; one end of the single-phase alternating current power supply unit, the direct current storage battery and two-phase inductors of a stator of the three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor are connected with the three-level NPC converter, and the other end of the single-phase alternating current power supply unit is connected with the other phase inductor of the stator; under the charging state that the K1 is closed and the K2 is disconnected, the three-phase inductance of the three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor and the three-level NPC converter rectify the alternating current of the power grid Ug into direct current and transmit the direct current to the direct-current storage battery; the three-phase inductor corrects the power factor in a charging state and controls the input current to flow in a double-channel staggered mode, so that input current ripples are restrained. The module can charge the electric automobile efficiently and conveniently, and has the advantages of simple circuit, low cost and small volume.

Description

Single-phase vehicle-mounted integrated three-level NPC charging power supply module
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power electronics, and particularly relates to a single-phase vehicle-mounted integrated three-level NPC charging power supply module.
Background
The rectifier is an important component of the power electronic device, has the main function of converting alternating current electric energy into direct current electric energy by using a power semiconductor device, and is widely applied to various fields of household appliances, industrial equipment and the like.
With the continuous deterioration of climate conditions, environmental protection and reduction of carbon dioxide emission have become important works in countries around the world; hundreds of millions of fuel-powered automobiles are owned all over the world, and a large amount of gasoline is consumed every year, so that the transition from the fuel-powered automobiles to electric automobiles becomes the trend of the automobile industry, the electric automobiles can drive the automobiles only by using electric energy without burning fossil energy, and the electric automobiles are very suitable for the requirement of environmental protection in the world at present; however, the problems of insufficient battery life and slow charging speed of the battery of the electric vehicle have been important reasons to be troubled for consumers, and generally, there are two types of battery chargers: on-board and stand-alone (off-board). The vehicle-mounted charger can be flexibly charged in any place with a power socket. The vehicle-mounted type has disadvantages of increasing the weight, volume and cost of the vehicle; therefore, it is typically used for lower power (<3.5 kW). When a higher charging power is required, the size and weight of the charger is more conveniently controlled when an off-board charger is used. The requirement of the on-board charger is still large because the electric vehicle cannot always use the off-board charger due to the limitation of the number of charging stations. For a traditional vehicle-mounted charger, devices such as a large inductor and a switching tube are needed, so that the weight, the size and the cost of a circuit are increased, and the traditional vehicle-mounted charger is a great burden for an electric automobile.
Therefore, an integrated vehicle-mounted rectifier with low cost, high charging power density and small volume is sought, so that the integrated vehicle-mounted rectifier has a very positive significance for the development of the electric automobile industry and has a good application prospect in the environment of the current large development of the electric automobile industry.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a single-phase vehicle-mounted integrated three-level NPC charging power supply module which can efficiently and conveniently charge an electric vehicle, and is simple in circuit, low in cost and small in size.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a single-phase vehicle-mounted integrated three-level NPC charging power supply module is formed by sequentially cascading a single-phase alternating-current power supply unit, a three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor, a three-level NPC converter and an energy storage type direct-current storage battery; the single-phase alternating-current power supply unit consists of a power grid Ug, a charging switch K1 and a discharging switch K2, wherein the power grid Ug is connected with the charging switch K1 in series and then is connected with the discharging switch K2 in parallel; one end of the single-phase alternating current power supply unit, the direct-current storage battery and two-phase inductors of a stator of the three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor are connected with the three-level NPC converter, and the other end of the single-phase alternating current power supply unit is connected with the other phase inductor of the stator of the three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor; the three-phase inductance of the three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor rectifies alternating current of a power grid Ug into direct current together with a three-level NPC converter under the charging state that K1 is closed and K2 is disconnected, and transmits the direct current to a direct current storage battery; the three-phase inductance of the three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor plays a role in power factor correction in a charging state, and controls the input current of the power grid Ug to flow in a double-channel staggered mode, so that the effect of inhibiting input current ripples is achieved.
Further, the three-level NPC converter comprises three bridge arms which are connected in parallel and are composed of IGBTs, three diode bridges which are composed of diodes, and two capacitors C1 and C2 with the same parameters; the midpoints A, B, C of the three bridge arms jointly form an alternating current end, two ends of the three bridge arms form a direct current end, one end, serving as the direct current end, of the c pole of the first IGBT in each bridge arm is the positive pole of the three-phase NPC converter, and the other end, serving as the direct current end, of the e pole of the last IGBT in each bridge arm is the negative pole of the three-phase NPC converter; the three diode bridges are respectively connected to the corresponding bridge arms; after the capacitors C1 and C2 are connected in series, two ends of the capacitors are respectively connected with the anode and the cathode of the three-level NPC converter; the positive pole and the negative pole of the three-level NPC converter are respectively connected with the positive pole and the negative pole of the direct-current storage battery;
the bridge arm midpoint A is connected with one end of a single-phase alternating-current power supply unit, the bridge arm midpoint B, C is respectively connected with a b-phase inductor Lb and a c-phase inductor Lc of a three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor stator, and an a-phase inductor La of the three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor stator is connected with the other end of the single-phase alternating-current power supply unit;
the current of the power grid Ug flows into the phase a of the three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor and flows out of the phases b and c; controlling the currents of the phases b and c in each switching period, wherein the currents are equal in magnitude and 180 degrees different in time domain; since the phase a current is equal to the sum of the phase b and the phase c currents, and the phase b and the phase c currents are staggered by 180 degrees in each switching period, the input current ripple of the power grid Ug is effectively suppressed.
Further, the three bridge arms respectively comprise four IGBT type switching tubes which are connected in series in the same direction and are respectively Sa1-Sa4, Sb1-Sb4 and Sc1-Sc4, and the middle points A, B, C of the three bridge arms are respectively positioned between Sa2 and Sa3, between Sb2 and Sb3 and between Sc2 and Sc 3;
the three diode bridges respectively comprise two diodes which are connected in series in the same direction and are respectively D11, D12, D21, D22, D31 and D32, the midpoints of the three diode bridges are respectively located between D11 and D12, between D21 and D22 and between D31 and D32, the midpoints of the three diode bridges are respectively connected with a midpoint N of capacitors C1 and C2, anodes of the three diode bridges are respectively connected between Sx1 and Sx2, and cathodes of the three diode bridges are respectively connected between Sx3 and Sx4, wherein x is a, b and C.
Further, in the three-level NPC converter, two ends c and e of each IGBT type switching tube are connected with a freewheeling diode in an anti-parallel mode.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention can combine the automobile driving system with the vehicle-mounted charging conversion system, saves the power factor correction inductor in the traditional vehicle-mounted charging conversion system, obviously improves the space utilization rate, and can obviously improve the harmonic suppression capability on the alternating current side by taking the inductor in the permanent magnet synchronous motor as the power factor correction staggered inductor. The invention combines the traditional three-level NPC converter with the three-phase structure of the three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor to form a novel integrated vehicle-mounted clamping circuit structure, and provides the circuit structure and topology of a single-phase three-level NPC rectifier. Compared with the traditional vehicle-mounted charger, the invention can charge the storage battery of the electric vehicle by using 220V household electricity, realizes reutilization by using the motor winding in the electric vehicle and the power electronic device of the driving motor in the charging circuit, and has the advantages of low cost, unit power factor operation, zero torque, small volume, high power density, wide application prospect and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a driving circuit diagram according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a charging circuit diagram according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a control block diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of the output 0.5Uo of the three-level NPC converter in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of the output 0 of the three-level NPC converter in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a circuit diagram of the output-0.5 Uo of a three-level NPC converter in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 8 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the invention for influencing neutral point balance.
Fig. 9 is a mode diagram of UBA ═ Uc2, and UCA ═ Uc1+ Uc2 in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a mode diagram of UBA ═ Uc1+ Uc2, and UCA ═ Uc1+ Uc2 in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a mode diagram of UBA ═ Uc1+ Uc2 and UCA ═ Uc2 in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a mode diagram of UBA ═ Uc1 and UCA ═ Uc1 in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a mode diagram of UBA ═ Uc2 and UCA ═ Uc2 in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 14 is a mode diagram of UBA ═ 0 and UCA ═ Uc2 in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 15 is a mode diagram of UBA ═ Uc2 and UCA ═ 0 in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 16 is a mode diagram of UBA ═ 0 and UCA ═ Uc1 in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 17 is a mode diagram of UBA ═ Uc1 and UCA ═ 0 in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 18 is a mode diagram of UBA ═ 0 and UCA ═ 0 in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment provides a single-phase vehicle-mounted integrated three-level NPC charging power supply module, which is characterized in that the single-phase vehicle-mounted integrated three-level NPC charging power supply module is formed by sequentially cascading a single-phase ac power supply unit, a three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor, a three-level NPC converter, and an energy storage type dc storage battery. The single-phase alternating-current power supply unit consists of a power grid Ug, a charging switch K1 and a discharging switch K2, wherein the power grid Ug is connected with the charging switch K1 in series and then connected with the discharging switch K2 in parallel. One end of the single-phase alternating current power supply unit, the direct-current storage battery and two-phase inductors of a stator of the three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor are connected with the three-level NPC converter, and the other end of the single-phase alternating current power supply unit is connected with the other phase inductor of the stator of the three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor; the three-phase inductance of the three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor rectifies single-phase alternating current into direct current together with a three-level NPC converter under the charging state that K1 is closed and K2 is disconnected, and transmits the direct current to a direct-current storage battery; the three-phase inductance of the three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor plays a role in power factor correction in a charging state, and controls the input current of the power grid Ug to flow in a double-channel staggered mode, so that the effect of inhibiting input current ripples is achieved.
The invention designs a brand new topological structure for an electric automobile, by integrating a driving system and a charging system of the electric automobile, a three-phase inductance of a permanent magnet synchronous motor stator and a three-level NPC converter in the driving system of the electric automobile can be used for the charging system of the electric automobile, the three-phase inductance of the motor is used for storing energy and eliminating ripples, in order to meet the requirement of total harmonic distortion of a power grid, a converter operates in a continuous conduction mode, and a single-phase integrated vehicle-mounted charger can be arranged on the electric automobile. By the method, devices such as inductors and switching tubes used in the charging system can be saved, the charging system is very friendly to the vehicle-mounted charger of the electric automobile, and the size and the cost of the charging system can be reduced.
The invention can be used for any three-phase alternating current motor system which only needs to be connected into the phase terminal of the motor and does not need to be connected into the midpoint of the stator winding of the motor. In the propulsion mode of the electric vehicle, as shown in fig. 2, the K1 is opened, the K2 is closed, and the battery supplies energy to the motor through the three-level NPC converter; in the charging mode of the electric automobile, as shown in fig. 3, when K1 is closed and K2 is opened, the alternating-current voltage of a power grid forms a double-channel interleaved boost converter through three-phase inductance of a stator of a three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor and a three-level NPC converter, and the circuit can be used for unit power factor correction and output voltage/current regulation.
Specifically, the three-level NPC converter circuit is a controllable rectifier bridge circuit, and includes three parallel bridge arms composed of IGBTs, three diode bridges composed of diodes, and two capacitors C1 and C2 with identical parameters. The midpoints A, B, C of the three bridge arms jointly form an alternating current end, two ends of the three bridge arms form a direct current end, one end, serving as the direct current end, of a c pole of the first IGBT Sx1 in each bridge arm is the positive pole of the three-phase NPC converter, the other end, serving as the direct current end, of the last IGBT Sx4 is the negative pole of the three-phase NPC converter, and x is a, b and c. The three diode bridges are respectively connected to the corresponding bridge arms. The middle points of the capacitors C1 and C2 are N, and the two ends of the capacitors C1 and C2 are connected in series and then are respectively connected with the anode and the cathode of the three-level NPC converter; and the anode and the cathode of the three-level NPC converter are respectively connected with the anode and the cathode of the direct-current storage battery.
The bridge arm midpoint A is connected with one end of a power grid Ug, the bridge arm midpoint B, C is respectively connected with a phase b inductor Lb and a phase c inductor Lc of the three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor stator, and a phase a inductor La of the three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor stator is connected with the other end of the single-phase alternating current power supply unit.
The current of the power grid Ug flows into the phase a of the three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor and flows out of the phases b and c; controlling the currents of the phases b and c in each switching period, wherein the currents are equal in magnitude and 180 degrees different in time domain; since the phase a current is equal to the sum of the phase b and the phase c currents, and the phase b and the phase c currents are staggered by 180 degrees in each switching period, the input current ripple of the power grid Ug is effectively suppressed.
More specifically, the three bridge arms respectively comprise four IGBT type switching tubes (twelve IGBT type switching tubes in total) which are connected in series in the same direction and are respectively Sa1-Sa4, Sb1-Sb4 and Sc1-Sc4, and the middle points A, B, C of the three bridge arms are respectively positioned between Sa2 and Sa3, between Sb2 and Sb3 and between Sc2 and Sc 3. The IGBT is an insulated gate bipolar transistor, belongs to a high-power fully-controlled switch tube, has higher ground power in a charging mode, and selects the IGBT switch tube for better controlling a system.
The three diode bridges respectively comprise two diodes (six diodes in total) which are connected in series in the same direction, wherein the diodes are respectively D11, D12, D21, D22, D31 and D32, the midpoints of the three diode bridges are respectively located between D11 and D12, between D21 and D22 and between D31 and D32, the midpoints of the three diode bridges are respectively connected with a midpoint N of capacitors C1 and C2, the anodes of the three diode bridges are respectively connected between Sx1 and Sx2, and the cathodes of the three diode bridges are respectively connected between Sx3 and Sx4, wherein x is a, b and C.
In order to form a ground current after rectification and continuously prevent the IGBT from being burnt out when the circuit works, in the three-level NPC converter, two ends c and e of each IGBT type switching tube are connected with a freewheeling diode in parallel in an opposite direction.
Fig. 4 shows a control schematic of the present embodiment. Under the voltage closed-loop control of the charging circuit, the voltage or current control of a direct current end is realized, the control strategy can realize a unit power factor, and the total harmonic distortion is less than 5%; the controller is composed ofTwo closed loops are formed: (1) an input current inner loop forming a sinusoidal input current; (2) the output voltage or current outer loop is used to regulate the output voltage or current, and as shown in fig. 4, the inner loop generates a reference for the input current by a Phase Locked Loop (PLL) to track the trajectory of the ac voltage. Giving the deviation between the voltage or current reference value of the direct current end and the actual voltage or current of the direct current end, multiplying the deviation by the phase of the input voltage phase-locked loop after passing through a PI regulator to obtain the reference I of the input currentg *Reference value of input current Ig *And the actual input current IgAfter PR regulator, to obtain ULSignal from input voltage UgAnd ULSubtracting to obtain a modulation voltage UBA *By controlling the switching of the three-level NPC circuit, the voltage U across the bridge arm midpoint B, A during each switching cycleBAIs equal to UBA *The three-level NPC converter takes N as zero potential, three potentials of 0.5Uo, 0-0.5 Uo can be obtained at the midpoints of A, B, C three bridge arms, and three voltages are shown in FIGS. 5, 6 and 7 by taking phase A as an example, so that the actual voltage U isBAThere are five voltage vector states Uo, 0.5Uo, 0, -0.5Uo, -Uo, where the three-level NPC circuit holds Uc1＝Uc2When the 0.5Uo vector is selected, the vector Uba ═ Uc1 or Uba ═ Uc2 can be selected, i.e., both ends of B, A are clamped to both ends of the capacitor C1 or C2, and the vector-0.5 Uo can similarly be selected from either Uba ═ Uc1 or Uba ═ Uc 2. As shown in FIG. 8, when 0.5Uo or-0.5 Uo is selected, Uba is clamped across C1 or C2 according to ipPositive and negative of (b) may determine the voltage balance across C1 and C2; for example, if ip>0，
Figure BDA0003606762920000061
Uc1-Uc2Will become larger; whereas Uc1-Uc2 decreases, the balance of the neutral point N can be ensured by the choice of the control vectors 0.5Uo and-0.5 Uo.
In a charging mode, i needs to be controlled to ensure that the three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor does not generate rotating torquea＝-2ib＝-2icAnd at the time of chargingAnd controlling the electric angle between the rotor and the stator of the three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor to be zero. Therefore, half of the current flowing into the a-phase flows into the b-phase and the c-phase, and thus it is necessary to ensure the equivalent voltage Uca of the actual voltage Uca in one cycle*＝Uba*Therefore, the current passing through the phase b is equal to the current passing through the phase c, and the purpose of zero torque of the three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor during charging can be achieved.
The converter passing the modulated voltage UBA *To judge which working mode the circuit works in; if it is not
Figure BDA0003606762920000062
The circuitry switches to being in the operational mode (a); if it is not
Figure BDA0003606762920000063
The circuitry switches to operating mode (b); if it is not
Figure BDA0003606762920000064
The circuitry switches to operating mode (c); if it is not
Figure BDA0003606762920000065
0.5Uo, the circuitry switches to being in operating mode (d). The modulation voltage is obtained by combining two voltage vectors with adjacent magnitudes in each working mode, a switching period Ts is set,
Figure BDA0003606762920000066
ts ═ Ta + Tb (Ta is the time for which the line voltage vector Ua conducts, TbThe time for which the line voltage vector Ub is on; therefore, it is
Figure BDA0003606762920000067
Tb＝TS-TaLet the duty cycle of the vector Ua in one switching period be D,
Figure BDA0003606762920000068
Figure BDA0003606762920000069
the working mode (a) is
Figure BDA00036067629200000610
UBAIs composed of 0.5Uo and Uo, Ua ═ 0.5Uo, Ub ═ Uo,
Figure BDA00036067629200000611
the duty ratio D is divided into, in terms of magnitude, the switching states in one switching cycle:
(1)D<2/3
1)UBA＝Uc2、UCA＝Uc1+Uc2，2)UBA＝Uc1+Uc2、UCA＝Uc1+Uc2，3)UBA＝Uc1+Uc2、UCA＝Uc2，4)UBA＝Uc1、UCA＝Uc1，5)UBA＝Uc1+Uc2、UCA＝Uc2，6)UBA＝Uc1+Uc2、UCA＝Uc1+Uc2，7)UBA＝Uc2、UCA＝Uc1+Uc2。
the duty cycle of the corresponding modes is 1)0.25D, 2)0.5-0.75D, 3)0.25D, 4)0.5D, 5)0.25D, 6)0.5-0.75D, 7)0.25D.
(2)D>2/3
1)UBA＝Uc2、UCA＝Uc1+Uc2，2)UBA＝Uc2、UCA＝Uc2，3)UBA＝Uc1+Uc2、UCA＝Uc2，4)UBA＝Uc1、UCA＝Uc1，5)UBA＝Uc1+Uc2、UCA＝Uc2，6)UBA＝Uc2、UCA＝Uc2，7)UBA＝Uc2、UCA＝Uc1+Uc2。
The duty cycles of the corresponding modes are 1)0.5(1-D), 2)0.75D-0.5, 3)0.5(1-D), 4)0.5D, 5)0.5(1-D), 6)0.75D-0.5, 7)0.5 (1-D).
The mode diagrams are shown in fig. 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13, and the modes can ensure that the charging and discharging of the capacitors C1 and C2 are consistent, and the Uc1 ═ Uc2 and Ib ═ Ic can be ensured in each switching period.
The working mode (b) is
Figure BDA0003606762920000071
UBA *Is composed of 0 and 0.5Uo, Ua ═ 0.5Uo, Ub ═ 0,
Figure BDA0003606762920000072
the duty ratio D is divided into, in terms of magnitude, the switching states in one switching cycle:
(1)D<0.5
1)UBA＝0、UCA＝Uc2，2)UBA＝Uc2、UCA＝0，3)UBA＝0,UCA＝Uc1，4)UBA＝Uc1、UCA＝0，5)UBA＝0、UCA＝0，6)UBA＝Uc1、UCA＝0，7)UBA＝0、UCA＝Uc1，8)UBA＝Uc2、UCA＝0，9)UBA＝0、UCA＝Uc2。
the duty cycle of the corresponding modes is 1)0.25D, 2)0.25D, 3)0.25D, 4)0.25D, 5)1-2D, 6)0.25D, 7)0.25D, 8)0.25D, 9) 0.25D.
(2)D>0.5
1)UBA＝0、UCA＝Uc2，2)UBA＝Uc2、UCA＝Uc2，3)UBA＝Uc2、UCA＝0，4)UBA＝0、UCA＝Uc1，5)UBA＝Uc1、UCA＝0，6)UBA＝Uc1、UCA＝Uc1，7)UBA＝Uc1、UCA＝0，8)UBA＝0、UCA＝Uc1，9)UBA＝Uc2、UCA＝0，10)UBA＝Uc2、UCA＝Uc2，11)UBA＝0、UCA＝Uc2。
The duty cycles of the corresponding modes are 1)0.25(1-D), 2)0.5D-0.25, 3)0.25(1-D), 4)0.25(1-D), 5)0.25(1-D), 6) D-0.5, 7)0.25(1-D), 8)0.25(1-D), 9)0.25(1-D),10)0.5D-0.25,11)0.25 (1-D).
The modal diagrams are shown in FIGS. 12-18;
the working mode (c) is
Figure BDA0003606762920000081
UBA *Is composed of 0 and-0.5 Uo, Ua ═ 0.5Uo, Ub ═ 0,
Figure BDA0003606762920000082
the duty ratio D is divided into, in terms of magnitude, the switching states in one switching cycle:
(1)D<0.5
1)UBA＝0、UCA＝-Uc1，2)UBA＝-Uc1、UCA＝0，3)UBA＝0,UCA＝-Uc2，4)UBA＝-Uc2、UCA＝0，5)UBA＝0、UCA＝0，6)UBA＝-Uc2、UCA＝0，7)UBA＝0,UCA＝-Uc2，8)UBA＝-Uc1、UCA＝0，9)UBA＝0、UCA＝-Uc1。
the duty cycle of the corresponding modes is 1)0.25D, 2)0.25D, 3)0.25D, 4)0.25D, 5)1-2D, 6)0.25D, 7)0.25D, 8)0.25D, 9) 0.25D.
(2)D>0.5
1)UBA＝0、UCA＝-Uc1，2)UBA＝-Uc1、UCA＝-Uc1，3)UBA＝-Uc1、UCA＝0，4)UBA＝0、UCA＝-Uc2，5)UBA＝-Uc2、UCA＝0，6)UBA＝-Uc2、UCA＝-Uc2，7)UBA＝-Uc2、UCA＝0，8)UBA＝0、UCA＝-Uc2，9)UBA＝-Uc1、UCA＝0，10)UBA＝-Uc1、UCA＝-Uc1，11)UBA＝0、UCA＝-Uc1。
The duty cycle of the corresponding modes is 1)0.25(1-D), 2)0.5D-0.25, 3)0.25(1-D), 4)0.25(1-D), 5)0.25(1-D), 6) D-0.5, 7)0.25(1-D), 8)0.25(1-D), 9)0.25(1-D),10)0.5D-0.25,11)0.25(1-D), and the mode diagram is similar to the working mode b.
The working mode (d) is
Figure BDA0003606762920000083
UBAIs composed of-0.5 Uo and-Uo, Ua ═ 0.5Uo，Ub＝Uo，
Figure BDA0003606762920000084
The duty ratio D is divided into, in terms of magnitude, the switching states in one switching cycle:
(1)D<2/3
1)UBA＝-Uc1-Uc2、UCA＝-Uc1，2)UBA＝-Uc1-Uc2、UCA＝-Uc1-Uc2，3)UBA＝-Uc1、UCA＝-Uc1-Uc2，4)UBA＝-Uc2、UCA＝-Uc2，5)UBA＝-Uc1、UCA＝-Uc1-Uc2，6)UBA＝-Uc1-Uc2、UCA＝-Uc1-Uc2，7)UBA＝-Uc1-Uc2、UCA＝-Uc1。
the duty cycle of the corresponding modes is 1)0.25D, 2)0.5-0.75D, 3)0.25D, 4)0.5D 5)0.25D, 6)0.5-0.75D, 7)0.25D.
(2)D>2/3
1)-Uc1-Uc2、UCA＝-Uc1，2)UBA＝-Uc1、UCA＝-Uc1，3)UBA＝-Uc1、UCA＝-Uc1-Uc2，4)UBA＝-Uc2、UCA＝-Uc2，5)UBA＝-Uc1、UCA＝-Uc1-Uc2，6)UBA＝-Uc1、UCA＝-Uc1，7)-Uc1-Uc2、UCA＝-Uc1。
The duty cycle of the corresponding modes is 1)0.5(1-D), 2)0.75D-0.5, 3)0.5(1-D), 4)0.5D, 5)0.5(1-D), 6)0.75D-0.5, 7)0.5(1-D), and the mode diagram is similar to the working mode a.
In order to achieve the effect of suppressing the input current ripple, the line voltage U can be setBA，UCAThe phase currents b and c flow in an interlaced manner as far as possible, so that the input current ripple can be suppressed.
Since the neutral point voltage balance directly affects the current control of the two phases b and c, in an actual circuit, although the charging and discharging of Uc1 and Uc2 are the same in the process of voltage vector distribution, a slight difference may occur in the actual process, and the difference is further enlarged by the current of the two phases b and c, so that the neutral point needs to be corrected, as shown in fig. 4The difference is made between Uc1 and Uc2, and the difference is input into an SVPWM controller through a PI regulator to control UBA *Under the condition of no change, the selection of the 0.5Uo vector is adjusted, so that the control of the neutral point N potential to keep balance is achieved.
For the phase b and c currents of the three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor, the Ib is required to be controlled to be Ic, although the energy storage and the energy feed to the inductors Lb and Lc are the same in the process of voltage vector distribution in an actual circuit, in practice, however, a slight difference may occur, which affects the voltages of the u 1 and u 2 on the capacitors C1 and C2, so that the currents of the b and C phases shift, therefore, the b-phase and c-phase currents need to be corrected, as shown in fig. 4, by making a difference between Ib and Ic, inputting the difference into the SVPWM controller through the PI regulator, as shown in fig. 8, the sum of the modulated voltages Uba, Uca is kept constant in controlling SVPWM, if Ib is more than Ic, the control switch tube distributes more vectors for the rising of the phase b current, more vectors for the falling of the phase c current, thus, the phase a current, i.e., the input current, can be changed according to the reference current, and the phase b and phase c currents can be kept substantially equal.
The invention can integrate the motor and the driving circuit in the electric automobile into the charging system again, can rectify and transmit the alternating current of the power grid to the storage battery without other devices, can inhibit input current ripple waves, keeps unit power factor operation, has extremely high economical efficiency, and can also reduce the size of the electric automobile charger.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. A single-phase vehicle-mounted integrated three-level NPC charging power supply module is characterized by being formed by sequentially cascading a single-phase alternating-current power supply unit, a three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor, a three-level NPC converter and an energy storage type direct-current storage battery; the single-phase alternating-current power supply unit consists of a power grid Ug, a charging switch K1 and a discharging switch K2, wherein the power grid Ug is connected with the charging switch K1 in series and then is connected with the discharging switch K2 in parallel; one end of the single-phase alternating current power supply unit, the direct-current storage battery and two-phase inductors of a stator of the three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor are connected with the three-level NPC converter, and the other end of the single-phase alternating current power supply unit is connected with the other phase inductor of the stator of the three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor; the three-phase inductance of the three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor rectifies alternating current of a power grid Ug into direct current together with a three-level NPC converter under the charging state that K1 is closed and K2 is disconnected, and transmits the direct current to a direct current storage battery; the three-phase inductance of the three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor plays a role in power factor correction in a charging state, and controls the input current of the power grid Ug to flow in a double-channel staggered mode, so that the effect of inhibiting input current ripples is achieved.
2. The single-phase on-board integrated three-level NPC charging power supply module as claimed in claim 1, wherein the three-level NPC converter comprises three bridge arms composed of IGBTs, three diode bridges composed of diodes and two capacitors C1 and C2 with identical parameters, which are connected in parallel; the midpoints A, B, C of the three bridge arms jointly form an alternating current end, two ends of the three bridge arms form a direct current end, one end, serving as the direct current end, of the c pole of the first IGBT in each bridge arm is the positive pole of the three-phase NPC converter, and the other end, serving as the direct current end, of the e pole of the last IGBT in each bridge arm is the negative pole of the three-phase NPC converter; the three diode bridges are respectively connected to the corresponding bridge arms; after the capacitors C1 and C2 are connected in series, two ends of the capacitors are respectively connected with the anode and the cathode of the three-level NPC converter; the positive pole and the negative pole of the three-level NPC converter are respectively connected with the positive pole and the negative pole of the direct-current storage battery;
the bridge arm midpoint A is connected with one end of a single-phase alternating-current power supply unit, the bridge arm midpoint B, C is respectively connected with a b-phase inductor Lb and a c-phase inductor Lc of a three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor stator, and an a-phase inductor La of the three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor stator is connected with the other end of the single-phase alternating-current power supply unit;
the current of the power grid Ug flows in from the phase a of the three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor and flows out from the phases b and c; controlling the currents of the phases b and c in each switching period to be equal in magnitude and have a phase difference of 180 degrees in a time domain; since the phase a current is equal to the sum of the phase b and the phase c currents, and the phase b and the phase c currents are staggered by 180 degrees in each switching period, the input current ripple of the power grid Ug is effectively suppressed.
3. The single-phase vehicle-mounted integrated three-level NPC charging power supply module as claimed in claim 2, wherein the three bridge arms each comprise four IGBT type switching tubes connected in series in the same direction, respectively Sa1-Sa4, Sb1-Sb4 and Sc1-Sc4, and the middle points A, B, C of the three bridge arms are respectively located between Sa2 and Sa3, between Sb2 and Sb3 and between Sc2 and Sc 3;
the three diode bridges respectively comprise two diodes which are connected in series in the same direction and are respectively D11, D12, D21, D22, D31 and D32, the midpoints of the three diode bridges are respectively located between D11 and D12, between D21 and D22, and between D31 and D32, the midpoints of the three diode bridges are respectively connected with the midpoints N of capacitors C1 and C2, the anodes of the three diode bridges are respectively connected between Sx1 and Sx2, the cathodes of the three diode bridges are respectively connected between Sx3 and Sx4, wherein x = a, b and C.
4. The single-phase vehicle-mounted integrated three-level NPC charging power supply module as claimed in claim 3, wherein in the three-level NPC converter, a freewheeling diode is connected in reverse parallel to both ends c and e of each IGBT type switching tube.
CN202210418244.6A 2022-04-20 2022-04-20 Single-phase vehicle-mounted integrated three-level NPC charging power supply module Pending CN114670685A (en)

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