CN114415087A - Magnetic sensor, circuit and electric energy meter - Google Patents
Magnetic sensor, circuit and electric energy meter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114415087A CN114415087A CN202210318799.3A CN202210318799A CN114415087A CN 114415087 A CN114415087 A CN 114415087A CN 202210318799 A CN202210318799 A CN 202210318799A CN 114415087 A CN114415087 A CN 114415087A
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- wheatstone bridge
- magnetic field
- signal
- magnetic sensor
- magnetic
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/02—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
- G01R33/06—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux using galvano-magnetic devices
- G01R33/09—Magnetoresistive devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R11/00—Electromechanical arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. of consumption
- G01R11/02—Constructional details
- G01R11/24—Arrangements for avoiding or indicating fraudulent use
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a magnetic sensor, a circuit and an electric energy meter, wherein the magnetic sensor comprises: the signal acquisition module and the signal processing module; the signal acquisition module comprises a first Wheatstone bridge and a second Wheatstone bridge and is used for acquiring magnetic field signals and outputting voltage signals; the first Wheatstone bridge is concentrically arranged in the second Wheatstone bridge; the signal processing module is used for determining whether a magnetic field exists according to the voltage signal. The magnetic sensor can detect diversified magnetic field signals, and the detection capability is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electromagnetic detection, in particular to a magnetic sensor, a magnetic circuit and an electric energy meter.
Background
The existing electric energy meter does not have the anti-magnetic capability, and a part of lawless persons apply a strong magnetic field on the surface of the electric energy meter to destroy a current sensor and a metering chip of the electric energy meter to enable the electric energy meter to be incapable of working, so that the electric energy meter cannot be normally metered, and the purpose of electricity stealing is achieved. Appear on the market that one kind installs the electric energy meter of diamagnetic shell additional, disturb certain prevention effect to external magnetic field, nevertheless can not shield super strong magnetic field completely, if the shell is destroyed, the electric energy meter still can be disturbed by strong magnetism, makes the electric energy meter normally work, then steals electric.
At present, the electric energy meter is mainly used for avoiding electricity stealing by adopting a mode of additionally arranging a magnetic shielding shell, so that the electric energy meter is prevented from being interfered by an electricity stealing strong magnetic field, and the metering accuracy of the electric energy meter is ensured. However, this method has disadvantages that the magnetic field shielding plate is easily magnetized in a strong magnetic field environment for a long time, the shielding performance is deteriorated, and the electric meter box is damaged to lose the protection function and to be expensive.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide a magnetic sensor, a circuit and an electric energy meter, wherein the magnetic sensor can detect magnetic field signals in multiple directions, and the detection capability is greatly improved.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a magnetic sensor including: the signal acquisition module and the signal processing module; the signal acquisition module comprises a first Wheatstone bridge and a second Wheatstone bridge and is used for acquiring magnetic field signals and outputting voltage signals; the first Wheatstone bridge is concentrically arranged in the second Wheatstone bridge; the signal processing module is used for determining whether a magnetic field exists according to the voltage signal.
Optionally, an included angle between the symmetry axes of the first wheatstone bridge and the second wheatstone bridge is 30 to 90 degrees.
Optionally, the first wheatstone bridge and the second wheatstone bridge are in a full-bridge structure or a half-bridge structure.
Optionally, the first wheatstone bridge and the second wheatstone bridge are connected in a magneto-resistive manner.
Optionally, the magnetoresistance is at least one of an anisotropic magnetoresistance, a giant magnetoresistance, and a tunneling magnetoresistance.
Optionally, the thickness of the magnetoresistance is 5nm-20 nm.
Optionally, the magnetic field signal includes a magnetic field south pole signal and a magnetic field north pole signal.
Optionally, the determining whether a magnetic field is present according to the voltage signal includes: if the voltage signal is greater than a voltage threshold, the magnetic field is present; if the voltage signal is not greater than a voltage threshold, the magnetic field is absent.
Optionally, the magnetic field signal comprises a first magnetic field signal of a first wheatstone bridge and a second magnetic field signal of a second wheatstone bridge.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a circuit comprising the magnetic sensor described above.
In another aspect, the invention further provides an electric energy meter, which includes the above magnetic sensor.
Through the technical scheme, the magnetic sensor provided by the invention comprises: the signal acquisition module and the signal processing module; the signal acquisition module comprises a first Wheatstone bridge and a second Wheatstone bridge and is used for acquiring magnetic field signals and outputting voltage signals; the first Wheatstone bridge is concentrically arranged in the second Wheatstone bridge; the signal processing module is used for determining whether a magnetic field exists according to the voltage signal. This magnetic sensor can detect diversified magnetic field signal, the effectual detection blind area of having avoided, very big promotion the testing capability.
Additional features and advantages of embodiments of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the embodiments of the invention without limiting the embodiments of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a magnetic sensor of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a signal acquisition module in a magnetic sensor of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a signal acquisition module in another magnetic sensor of the present invention;
FIGS. 4 and 5 are schematic representations of an electrical energy representation of the present invention;
description of the reference numerals
101-a second wheatstone bridge;
102-a first wheatstone bridge;
103-a second magnetic field signal;
104-a first magnetic field signal;
203-a signal processing module;
204 — the output of the signal processing module;
301-electric energy meter;
302-a first set of magnetic sensors;
303-external magnetic interference sources;
402-second set of magnetic sensors.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating embodiments of the invention, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a magnetic sensor of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a magnetic sensor including: a signal acquisition module and signal processing module 203; the signal acquisition module comprises a first Wheatstone bridge 102 and a second Wheatstone bridge 101, and is used for acquiring a magnetic field signal and outputting a voltage signal; the first Wheatstone bridge 102 is concentrically disposed within the second Wheatstone bridge 101; the signal processing module 203 is used for determining whether a magnetic field exists according to the voltage signal. Said determining from said voltage signal whether a magnetic field is present comprises: if the voltage signal is greater than a voltage threshold, the magnetic field is present; if the voltage signal is not greater than a voltage threshold, the magnetic field is absent.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a signal acquisition module in a magnetic sensor according to the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the signal acquisition module includes a first wheatstone bridge 102 and a second wheatstone bridge 101, and symmetry axes of the first wheatstone bridge 102 and the second wheatstone bridge 101 form an included angle, which can compensate each other to avoid a dead zone of a single bridge. Preferably, the angle between the symmetry axes of the first wheatstone bridge 102 and the second wheatstone bridge 101 is 30-90 degrees. The included angle enables the magnetic sensor to detect the magnetic field interference from 360-degree directions, no detection blind area exists, and the magnetic field interference from all directions can be found in time.
The first wheatstone bridge 102 and the second wheatstone bridge 101 are in a full-bridge configuration or a half-bridge configuration. The full-bridge structure of the wheatstone bridge is a bridge circuit composed of four resistors, which are called bridge arms of the bridge respectively, and the wheatstone bridge measures the change of physical quantity by using the change of the resistors. According to a preferred embodiment, the first wheatstone bridge 102 and the second wheatstone bridge 101 are selected to be a full bridge structure, and the first wheatstone bridge 102 and the second wheatstone bridge 101 are connected into a magneto resistor, wherein the magneto resistor is at least one of an anisotropic magneto resistor, a giant magneto resistor and a tunneling magneto resistor, and the magneto resistor is based on at least one magneto resistor effect of AMR (anisotropic magneto resistor), GMR (giant magneto resistor) or TMR (tunneling magneto resistor). The thickness of the magnetoresistance is 5nm-20 nm.
Specifically, the first wheatstone bridge 102 is connected by four magneto resistors into a quadrilateral, which is four arms of the first wheatstone bridge 102, and one diagonal of the quadrilateral leads out two wires as the output of the bridge, that is, outputs the first magnetic field signal 104; the second wheatstone bridge 101 is a quadrilateral formed by connecting four magneto resistors, and is four arms of the second wheatstone bridge 101, two wires are led out from the middle of two magneto resistors of the symmetric arms of the quadrilateral to be used as the output of the bridge, namely, the second magnetic field signal 103 is output. The first magnetic field signal 104 and the second magnetic field signal 103 are both electromagnetic signals and are analog quantities. Both outputs are connected to the signal processing module 203.
The half-bridge structure is a bridge circuit composed of two magneto resistances, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a signal acquisition module in another magnetic sensor of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, the first wheatstone bridge 102 is a half rectangle formed by connecting two magneto resistances, which is two arms of the first wheatstone bridge 102, one side of the half rectangle is connected to a high voltage VCC, the other side is connected to a ground GND, and a first magnetic field signal 104 is output from the middle of the two magneto resistances; the second wheatstone bridge 101 is connected into a half rectangle by two magneto resistors, and for two arms of the second wheatstone bridge 101, one side of the half rectangle is connected with a high voltage VCC, and the other side is grounded GND, and a second magnetic field signal, namely a second magnetic field signal 103, is led out from the middle of the two magneto resistors. The signal processing module 203 is configured to determine a magnetic field strength according to the magnetic field signal. Specifically, the signal processing module 203 receives the first magnetic field signal 104 and the second magnetic field signal 103, and then performs analog-to-digital conversion on the signals, so as to convert the signals into digital quantities. The signal processing module 203 is an ASIC (integrated application specific integrated) circuit, and at least includes a signal conditioning circuit, a comparing circuit, and an inverter circuit, and is configured to filter and convert signals. When the magnetic sensor works, the magnetic sensing element (magnetic sensing resistor) can sense a magnetic field south pole signal and a magnetic field north pole signal, and the magnetic sensing element (magnetic sensing resistor) outputs consistent output signals after being processed by the signal processing module 203. The magnetic field signals include a magnetic field south pole signal and a magnetic field north pole signal.
The magnetic sensor provided by the invention can be used for a power meter, the power meter can comprise one or more groups of magnetic sensors, and each group of magnetic sensors can comprise one or more magnetic sensors. Fig. 3 and 4 illustrate an electrical energy representation of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 3, a first set of magnetic sensors 302 is located at a central position of an electrical energy meter 301, and an external magnetic interference source 303 is close to the electrical energy meter 301 from various directions and can be detected by the first set of magnetic sensors 302, and the first set of magnetic sensors 302 includes one magnetic sensor, and the first set of magnetic sensors 302 can sense that the external magnetic interference source 303 is close to the electrical energy meter 301 with different polar directions. As shown in fig. 5, the second group of magnetic sensors 402 includes two or more magnetic sensors, and the capability of detecting the external magnetic interference source 303 is further enhanced, so that the magnetic field detection capability can be prevented from being reduced due to inconsistent performance of a single magnetic sensor.
When the external electromagnetic signal of the output 204 of the signal processing module of the magnetic sensor in the electric energy meter exceeds a certain threshold, the electric energy meter gives an alarm or processes a fault, and the electricity stealing behavior can be effectively detected.
The magnetic sensor proposed by the present invention comprises: the signal acquisition module and the signal processing module; the signal acquisition module comprises a first Wheatstone bridge and a second Wheatstone bridge and is used for acquiring magnetic field signals and outputting voltage signals; the first Wheatstone bridge is concentrically arranged in the second Wheatstone bridge; the signal processing module is used for determining whether a magnetic field exists according to the voltage signal. This magnetic sensor adopts two wheatstone bridge induction magnetic field interferences that magnetic sensing element (magnetism resistance) constitute, handles output signal through ASIC circuit (integrated circuit) to output switching signal can detect the magnetic field signal that comes from all directions (including 360 degrees), very big promotion magnetic sensor's detectability, can avoid detecting the blind area, the electric behavior is stolen in effectual detection.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention within the technical idea of the embodiments of the present invention, and the simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention.
It should be noted that the various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without departing from the scope of the invention. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the embodiments of the present invention do not describe every possible combination.
It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above are merely examples of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes may occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (11)
1. A magnetic sensor, characterized in that the magnetic sensor comprises:
the signal acquisition module and the signal processing module;
the signal acquisition module comprises a first Wheatstone bridge and a second Wheatstone bridge and is used for acquiring magnetic field signals and outputting voltage signals;
the first Wheatstone bridge is concentrically arranged in the second Wheatstone bridge;
the signal processing module is used for determining whether a magnetic field exists according to the voltage signal.
2. The magnetic sensor of claim 1,
the included angle of the symmetry axes of the first Wheatstone bridge and the second Wheatstone bridge is 30-90 degrees.
3. The magnetic sensor of claim 1,
the first Wheatstone bridge and the second Wheatstone bridge are in a full-bridge structure or a half-bridge structure.
4. The magnetic sensor of claim 1,
the first Wheatstone bridge and the second Wheatstone bridge are connected in a magneto-resistor mode.
5. The magnetic sensor of claim 4,
the magnetoresistance is at least one of anisotropic magnetoresistance, giant magnetoresistance and tunneling magnetoresistance.
6. The magnetic sensor according to claim 4 or 5,
the thickness of the magnetoresistance is 5nm-20 nm.
7. The magnetic sensor of claim 1,
the magnetic field signals include a magnetic field south pole signal and a magnetic field north pole signal.
8. The magnetic sensor of claim 1, wherein said determining from the voltage signal whether a magnetic field is present comprises:
if the voltage signal is greater than a voltage threshold, the magnetic field is present;
if the voltage signal is not greater than a voltage threshold, the magnetic field is absent.
9. The magnetic sensor according to claim 1 or 8,
the magnetic field signals include a first magnetic field signal of a first Wheatstone bridge and a second magnetic field signal of a second Wheatstone bridge.
10. A circuit comprising a magnetic sensor as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.
11. An electric energy meter, characterized by comprising a magnetic sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210318799.3A CN114415087A (en) | 2022-03-29 | 2022-03-29 | Magnetic sensor, circuit and electric energy meter |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210318799.3A CN114415087A (en) | 2022-03-29 | 2022-03-29 | Magnetic sensor, circuit and electric energy meter |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN114415087A true CN114415087A (en) | 2022-04-29 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202210318799.3A Pending CN114415087A (en) | 2022-03-29 | 2022-03-29 | Magnetic sensor, circuit and electric energy meter |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114609560A (en) * | 2022-05-09 | 2022-06-10 | 四川永星电子有限公司 | Two-dimensional AMR magnetic sensor and preparation process thereof |
| CN115267623A (en) * | 2022-09-23 | 2022-11-01 | 微传智能科技（常州）有限公司 | Magnetic resistance magnetic switch sensor |
| CN116699482A (en) * | 2023-08-08 | 2023-09-05 | 北京智芯微电子科技有限公司 | Magnetic sensor and anti-fraudulent use electric energy meter |
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| CN114236436A (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2022-03-25 | 上海麦歌恩微电子股份有限公司 | AMR (adaptive multi-rate) magnetoresistive structure |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US20040257069A1 (en) * | 2001-11-27 | 2004-12-23 | Stefan Butzmann | Sensor arrangement |
| CN1432820A (en) * | 2001-12-20 | 2003-07-30 | 皇家菲利浦电子有限公司 | Reluctance sensor |
| CN103575435A (en) * | 2013-10-10 | 2014-02-12 | 南京神源生智能科技有限公司 | Three-dimensional force sensor used for automobile rear axle test system |
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| CN114236436A (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2022-03-25 | 上海麦歌恩微电子股份有限公司 | AMR (adaptive multi-rate) magnetoresistive structure |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114609560A (en) * | 2022-05-09 | 2022-06-10 | 四川永星电子有限公司 | Two-dimensional AMR magnetic sensor and preparation process thereof |
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| CN116699482A (en) * | 2023-08-08 | 2023-09-05 | 北京智芯微电子科技有限公司 | Magnetic sensor and anti-fraudulent use electric energy meter |
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Application publication date: 20220429 |