CN114285009A - Active voltage arc extinction method based on neutral point injection current - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides an active voltage arc extinction method based on neutral point injection current, which injects current to a neutral point of a power distribution network through an active inverter, and comprises the following steps: acquiring a ground parameter of the power distribution network through resonance of the injection signal; judging a fault phase by acquiring and processing three-phase voltage and three-phase current information; calculating a compensation current according to the ground parameters and the phase voltage of the fault phase; and controlling the active inverter according to the compensation current, and injecting the compensation current into the power distribution network to eliminate the fault. The invention can suppress zero sequence voltage by injecting controllable current into the neutral point, and reduce the fault phase recovery voltage to the level that the electric arc can not be re-ignited, thereby realizing voltage arc extinction, improving the arc extinction effect and ensuring the safety and the stability of the power distribution network.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power distribution network grounding of a power system, in particular to an active voltage arc extinction method based on neutral point injection current.
Background
The distribution network goes deep into the user terminal, and the structure is complicated, and the trouble takes place very easily, and these troubles are mostly random, and most common is instantaneous earth fault. China's distribution network generally adopts the non-effective grounding operation mode of neutral points such as neutral point ungrounded, grounding through arc suppression coils, grounding through resistors and the like. Along with the development of society, the capacity of urban power distribution networks is gradually enlarged and a large number of cable lines are used, the structures of the power distribution networks are more and more complex, when the power distribution networks have ground faults, the instantaneous current of the ground faults is increased, the arc extinction capability of the instantaneous ground faults is weakened, electric arcs at fault points are difficult to extinguish automatically, fault overvoltage is easy to generate, further, electric power accidents are caused, even large-area power failure is caused, the operation safety of the power networks is damaged, and the social stability is influenced.
The traditional arc extinction method aiming at the single-phase earth fault is a current arc extinction method, and belongs to a passive arc extinction technology. The arc suppression coil is incomplete in compensation of residual current of the ground fault point, mostly only can compensate fundamental wave reactive component, active component and harmonic component contained in the residual current can not be compensated, partial power distribution network ground fault current is still dozens of amperes after being compensated by the arc suppression coil, the residual current is enough for maintaining arc combustion, and the residual current does not meet the requirement of power grid regulation operation. In addition, the conventional arc suppression coil has a limited effect on suppressing intermittent arc grounding faults caused by insulation faults, and easily generates arc overvoltage, so that high-voltage electrical equipment is burnt out, and even a fire disaster is caused. Both of these problems show limitations in current extinction.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems and provides an active voltage arc extinction method based on neutral point injection current, which can suppress zero sequence voltage by injecting controllable current into a neutral point and reduce fault phase recovery voltage to a level that the arc can not be reignited, thereby realizing voltage arc extinction, improving arc extinction effect and ensuring safety and stability of a power distribution network.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an active voltage arc suppression method based on neutral point injection current, wherein the current is injected to a neutral point of a power distribution network through an active inverter, and the method comprises the following steps: acquiring a ground parameter of the power distribution network through resonance of the injection signal; judging a fault phase by acquiring and processing three-phase voltage and three-phase current information; calculating a compensation current according to the ground parameters and the phase voltage of the fault phase; and controlling the active inverter according to the compensation current, and injecting the compensation current into the power distribution network to eliminate the fault.
The ground parameters include total capacitance to ground and total conductance to ground.
And judging the fault phase by using a wavelet transform modulus maximum algorithm.
Calculating the compensation current according to the following formula:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
for the purpose of said compensation current(s),
phase voltage, Z, of faulted phase X0For neutral point earthing impedance, R, of the distribution network0For single-phase to ground leakage resistance of the distribution network, C0The power distribution network is a single-phase ground capacitor of the power distribution network, and omega is the power angular frequency of the power distribution network.
Controlling the active inverter according to the compensation current, specifically comprising: and taking the compensation current as a reference value, fixing the output value of the active inverter through a current closed loop with PI control, and injecting current into a neutral point through a step-up transformer.
The active inverter is a PWM active inverter.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention can suppress zero sequence voltage by injecting controllable current into the neutral point, and reduce the fault phase recovery voltage to the level that the electric arc can not be re-ignited, thereby realizing voltage arc extinction, improving the arc extinction effect and ensuring the safety and the stability of the power distribution network.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an active voltage arc suppression method in case of a C-phase fault according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of an active voltage arc suppression method based on a neutral point injection current according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an injection signal resonance measurement according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an equivalent circuit diagram of an injection signal resonance measurement according to one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of a wavelet transform modulo maximum fault identification algorithm according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiments of the present invention inject current into a neutral point of a power distribution network through an active inverter (e.g., a PWM active inverter). Taking the single-phase earth fault of the C phase as an example, a 10kV distribution network system in the fault state is shown in fig. 1, in which U in fig. 10Is a neutral point shift voltage, IiFor a current of controllable magnitude and direction, Z, injected by a PWM active inverter0Is the neutral point grounding impedance of the traditional power distribution network, C0For single-phase to ground capacitance, R, of a distribution network0For single-phase to ground leakage resistance, R, of the distribution networkdIs a ground fault transition resistance. The direct voltage source DC of the active inverter can be obtained by rectification from the distribution network. To ensure that the voltage of the injected current is higher than the voltage of the neutral point when fault clearance is performed, a step-up transformer may be provided at the next stage of the active inverter.
As shown in fig. 2, the active voltage arc extinction method based on the neutral point injection current according to the embodiment of the present invention includes the steps of:
and S1, acquiring the ground parameters of the power distribution network through the resonance of the injection signal.
The ground reference includes the total capacitance to ground and the total conductance to ground, and can be obtained by means of injection signal resonance. As shown in FIG. 3, the equivalent resonant inductance L of the step-up transformer may be compared to the single phase ground leakage resistance R of A, B, CA、RB、RCAnd single-phase to ground capacitance CA、CB、CCA resonant circuit is formed, and an equivalent circuit thereof is shown in fig. 4. By changing IiMeasuring the returned voltage signal UiAnd IiThe magnitude, phase and relationship of the resonant frequency omega to find the resonant angular frequency0. Then, can be based on
GΣ＝Ii/n2UiThe two equations calculate the total capacitance and the total conductance of the power distribution network to the ground, wherein CΣ＝CA+CB+CC、
n is the transformation ratio of the step-up transformer.
And S2, judging the fault phase by collecting and processing the three-phase voltage and three-phase current information.
For the power distribution network system with the 10kV neutral point grounded through the arc suppression coil shown in fig. 1, by collecting A, B, C three-phase voltage information, if two phases of the voltage information are increased and equal in magnitude, and the voltage of the other phase is decreased, it can be determined that the phase with the decreased voltage has a single-phase ground fault.
In a power distribution network system with a 10kV neutral point grounded through an arc suppression coil, when a low-resistance ground fault occurs, the voltage of the neutral point can have large deviation, and the occurrence of a single-phase ground fault can be easily judged. However, when the ground resistance is up to thousands of ohms, the fault is judged by comparing the voltage or observing the voltage deviation of the neutral point, so that the power distribution network has certain unbalanced voltage at the neutral point due to unbalanced parameters. In practical situations, in a 10 kV-class power distribution network, the resistance of a high-resistance ground fault is generally not as large as several thousand ohms, and a fault phase can be determined by using three-phase voltage signals in most cases.
For a general earth fault, fault line selection can be performed by processing a current signal through wavelet transformation. Wavelet transform is an effective signal processing method for analyzing non-stationary signals and extracting transient characteristics of the signals. The correlation experiment shows that the interval of the ground fault and the time of the fault can be accurately judged by using the wavelet transform modulus maximum-based fault identification algorithm, no matter the size of the ground resistance. The process of judging the fault phase based on the wavelet transform modulus maximum fault identification algorithm is shown in fig. 5.
The wavelet transformation is applied to the single-phase earth fault line selection of the low-current earth system, so that the response to the earth fault is facilitated after the earth fault occurs, the fault point is found as early as possible, and the damage of the permanent earth fault to the power grid is avoided.
And S3, calculating a compensation current according to the ground parameter and the phase voltage of the fault phase.
According to the total capacitance and the total conductance of the power distribution network to the ground, the single-phase capacitance to the ground and the single-phase leakage resistance to the ground of the power distribution network can be obtained. Further, the compensation current may be calculated according to the following formula:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
in order to compensate for the current flow,
the phase voltage of the fault phase X and omega are the power angular frequency of the power distribution network.
And S4, controlling the active inverter according to the compensation current, and injecting the compensation current into the power distribution network to eliminate the fault.
After calculating to obtain the compensating current
After that, the current can be compensated
For reference, the output value of the active inverter is fixed by a current closed loop with PI control, and then current is injected to the neutral point by a step-up transformer. Note that the high-side voltage of the step-up transformer is suitably higher than the single-phase supply voltage because of the calculation
Is the value of the injected current, i.e. the current on the high side, the reference value of the current loop should therefore be
N times of.
From the above calculation formula of the compensation current, the compensation current to be injected to the neutral point and the ground fault transition resistance R are knowndIndependently of the phase voltage, the three-phase to ground admittance and the neutral to ground admittance. The compensation current can compensate the active component and the reactive component of the fault current, the full compensation of the fault residual current is realized, and the defect that only the reactive current can be compensated in the traditional current arc extinction technology is overcome. Therefore, the fault voltage can be effectively controlled to be zero by injecting current through the active inverter, so that the complete arc extinction of the single-phase earth fault is realized.
Simulation analysis is carried out on the 10kV power distribution network model shown in the figure 1 by adopting plecs software, and the main parameters of a power distribution network system are as follows:
the phase voltage and current of the fault before and after the injection current are compared as follows:
| maximum amplitude of fault phase voltage | Maximum amplitude of fault phase current | Magnitude of injected current | |
| Before compensation | 950V | 9.5A | 0A |
| After compensation | 90V | 0.9A | 9.65A |
After the current is injected, the voltage and the current of a fault point are greatly reduced, so that the value of the voltage and the current is reduced by one order of magnitude, and the arc extinction effect is good.
According to the active voltage arc extinction method based on the neutral point injection current, the zero sequence voltage can be inhibited by injecting the controllable current into the neutral point, and the fault phase recovery voltage is reduced to the level that the arc can not be reignited, so that voltage arc extinction is realized, the arc extinction effect is improved, and the safety and the stability of a power distribution network are guaranteed.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying any number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. The meaning of "plurality" is two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Any process or method descriptions in flow charts or otherwise described herein may be understood as representing modules, segments, or portions of code which include one or more executable instructions for implementing specific logical functions or steps of the process, and alternate implementations are included within the scope of the preferred embodiment of the present invention in which functions may be executed out of order from that shown or discussed, including substantially concurrently or in reverse order, depending on the functionality involved, as would be understood by those reasonably skilled in the art of the present invention.
The logic and/or steps represented in the flowcharts or otherwise described herein, e.g., an ordered listing of executable instructions that can be considered to implement logical functions, can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device, such as a computer-based system, processor-containing system, or other system that can fetch the instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device and execute the instructions. For the purposes of this description, a "computer-readable medium" can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer-readable medium would include the following: an electrical connection (electronic device) having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette (magnetic device), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber device, and a portable compact disc read-only memory (CDROM). Additionally, the computer-readable medium could even be paper or another suitable medium upon which the program is printed, as the program can be electronically captured, via for instance optical scanning of the paper or other medium, then compiled, interpreted or otherwise processed in a suitable manner if necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.
It should be understood that portions of the present invention may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, the various steps or methods may be implemented in software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, any one or combination of the following techniques, which are known in the art, may be used: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function on a data signal, an application specific integrated circuit having an appropriate combinational logic gate circuit, a Programmable Gate Array (PGA), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or the like.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps carried by the method for implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware related to instructions of a program, which may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and when the program is executed, the program includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing module, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one module. The integrated module can be realized in a hardware mode, and can also be realized in a software functional module mode. The integrated module, if implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may also be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. An active voltage arc extinction method based on neutral point injection current is characterized in that current is injected to a neutral point of a power distribution network through an active inverter, and the method comprises the following steps:
acquiring a ground parameter of the power distribution network through resonance of the injection signal;
judging a fault phase by acquiring and processing three-phase voltage and three-phase current information;
calculating a compensation current according to the ground parameters and the phase voltage of the fault phase;
and controlling the active inverter according to the compensation current, and injecting the compensation current into the power distribution network to eliminate the fault.
2. An active voltage arc suppression method based on a neutral point injection current according to claim 1, wherein the ground parameters comprise total capacitance to ground and total conductance to ground.
3. An active voltage arc suppression method based on neutral point injection current according to claim 2, characterized in that the fault phase is discriminated by using wavelet transform modulus maximum based algorithm.
4. A method for active voltage extinction based on a neutral point injection current according to claim 3, characterized in that the compensation current is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
for the purpose of said compensation current(s),
phase voltage, Z, of faulted phase X0For neutral point earthing impedance, R, of the distribution network0For single-phase to ground leakage resistance of the distribution network, C0The power distribution network is a single-phase ground capacitor of the power distribution network, and omega is the power angular frequency of the power distribution network.
5. The active voltage arc extinction method based on the neutral point injection current according to claim 4, wherein the control of the active inverter according to the compensation current specifically comprises:
and taking the compensation current as a reference value, fixing the output value of the active inverter through a current closed loop with PI control, and injecting current into a neutral point through a step-up transformer.
6. Active voltage arc extinction method based on a neutral point injection current according to claim 5, characterized in that the active inverter is a PWM active inverter.
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