CN114204517A - Hybrid direct current breaker and control method thereof - Google Patents
Hybrid direct current breaker and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114204517A CN114204517A CN202111507169.2A CN202111507169A CN114204517A CN 114204517 A CN114204517 A CN 114204517A CN 202111507169 A CN202111507169 A CN 202111507169A CN 114204517 A CN114204517 A CN 114204517A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- full
- branch
- current
- solid
- state switch
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005685 electric field effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006855 networking Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 108010001267 Protein Subunits Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
- H02H3/087—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current for dc applications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
- H01H9/56—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the ac cycle
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/02—Details
- H02H3/025—Disconnection after limiting, e.g. when limiting is not sufficient or for facilitating disconnection
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/60—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between AC networks or generators via a high voltage DC link [HVCD]
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiment of the specification specifically discloses a hybrid direct current circuit breaker and a control method thereof, wherein the direct current circuit breaker comprises: the energy-saving device comprises a through-flow branch, a transfer branch, a buffering branch and an energy consumption branch which are connected in parallel; the current-through branch comprises a mechanical switch and a current-converting solid-state switch which are connected in series, the transfer branch comprises a thyristor solid-state switch and a full-bridge module solid-state switch which are connected in series, the buffer branch comprises a high-voltage pulse capacitor, and the energy-consuming branch comprises an arrester; and in a normal working state, the working current only passes through the through-current branch, and when a fault occurs, the fault current is sequentially transferred to the transfer branch, the buffer branch and the energy consumption branch from the through-current branch. The hybrid direct-current circuit breaker is constructed by connecting the thyristor device, the mechanical switch, the fully-controlled solid-state switch and the like in series and parallel, so that the voltage level is improved, the fault current tolerance capability is stronger, the cost of the semiconductor device is reduced, and the hybrid direct-current circuit breaker has better economy.
Description
Technical Field
The specification belongs to the technical field of low-frequency power transmission, and particularly relates to a hybrid direct-current circuit breaker and a control method thereof.
Background
The flexible direct current technology has obvious advantages in the aspects of distributed new energy power generation and energy storage access, passive network power supply, asynchronous power grid interconnection and the like, and is one of important directions for the development of a future power system. The dc circuit breaker is one of the key devices for constructing a flexible dc power grid, and can be generally classified into three types, i.e., a solid-state type, a mechanical type and a hybrid type. The hybrid direct current circuit breaker combines the low loss advantage of a mechanical switch and the rapidity characteristic of a solid-state switch, has lower conduction loss and shorter breaking time, and further obtains wide attention and research of students.
Generally, all the solid-state switches in the hybrid dc circuit breaker are fully-controlled devices (e.g. Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, IGBT), but although the hybrid dc circuit breaker has excellent performance, the high cost of the IGBT device limits its wide application. Particularly, when the solid-state switch is applied to a high-voltage and high-current field, a large number of IGBT devices are required to be connected in series and in parallel, so that the IGBT devices occupy the main cost of the hybrid direct-current circuit breaker, and the popularization and application of the hybrid direct-current circuit breaker are further influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a hybrid dc circuit breaker and a control method thereof, which reduce the cost of a semiconductor device and improve the stability of a system.
In one aspect, an embodiment of the present specification provides a hybrid dc circuit breaker, including: the energy-saving device comprises a through-flow branch, a transfer branch, a buffering branch and an energy consumption branch which are connected in parallel;
the current branch circuit comprises a mechanical switch and a current conversion solid-state switch which are connected in series, the transfer branch circuit comprises a thyristor solid-state switch and a full-bridge module solid-state switch which are connected in series, the buffer branch circuit comprises a pulse capacitor, and the energy consumption branch circuit comprises an arrester;
and in a normal working state, working current only passes through the through-current branch, and when a fault occurs, fault current is sequentially transferred to the transfer branch, the buffer branch and the energy consumption branch from the through-current branch.
Further, the commutation solid-state switch is a fully-controlled device, and the commutation solid-state switch is a power electronic switch with bidirectional current breaking.
Further, the commutation solid-state switch has any one of the following structures:
two reverse series full-controlled devices;
a full-bridge circuit formed by four diodes and a full-control device;
the full-bridge circuit is composed of four full-control devices and a direct-current capacitor.
Further, the thyristor solid state switch comprises two groups of thyristor valves which are connected in inverse parallel.
Further, the solid-state switch of full-bridge module includes a plurality of cascaded full-bridge submodule pieces, and every full-bridge submodule piece includes four full-control type devices and a direct current capacitance, four two liang of series connection back parallel connection of full-control type device constitute the full-bridge circuit, direct current capacitance parallel connection is in the full-bridge circuit bridge, direct current capacitance is the capacitor that precharges in advance.
Further, the commutating solid state switches are insulated gate bipolar transistors or integrated gate commutated thyristors or power field effect transistors.
Further, the thyristor solid-state switch adopts a diode rectifier bridge to realize bidirectional current conduction.
In another aspect, an embodiment of the present specification provides a method for controlling a hybrid dc circuit breaker, where the method includes:
in a normal working state, the mechanical switch and the current conversion solid-state switch in the through-flow branch are switched on, the thyristor solid-state switch and the full-bridge module solid-state switch in the transfer branch are switched off, and the working current only passes through the through-flow branch;
when a fault occurs, after the hybrid direct current circuit breaker receives a brake-off signal sent by a direct current power grid protection system, the current conversion solid-state switch of the through-flow branch is turned off, the thyristor solid-state switch and the full-bridge module solid-state switch of the transfer branch are turned on, and the fault current is converted and transferred to the transfer branch;
when the current of the through-current branch is zero, the contact of the mechanical switch starts to be separated and is in a zero-voltage arc-free brake-separating state, when the opening distance between fractures of the mechanical switch reaches a preset value, the full-bridge module solid-state switch is turned off, and the fault current conversion is transferred to the buffer branch;
and charging a pulse capacitor in the buffer branch circuit by the fault current, converting and transferring the fault current to the energy consumption branch circuit after the capacitance voltage of the pulse capacitor reaches the action voltage of an arrester of the energy consumption branch circuit, and discharging the fault current by using the arrester in the energy consumption branch circuit until the fault current is attenuated to zero.
Further, the solid-state switch of full-bridge module includes a plurality of cascaded full-bridge submodules, and every full-bridge submodule includes four full-control type devices and a direct current capacitance, four two liang of back parallel connection that establish ties of full-control type devices constitute the full-bridge circuit, direct current capacitance parallel connection be in the full-bridge circuit bridge, switch on the thyristor solid-state switch and the solid-state switch of full-bridge module that transfer the branch road include:
and the thyristor solid-state switch of the transfer branch circuit and the target fully-controlled device pair in each full-bridge submodule in the full-bridge module solid-state switch are conducted, and the target fully-controlled device pair is two fully-controlled devices connected to the same end of the direct-current capacitor in the full-bridge submodule.
Further, the fault current charges a pulse capacitor in the buffer branch, including:
after the fault current charges the pulse capacitor in the buffer branch circuit for a specified time, conducting a specified full-controllability device pair in each full-bridge submodule in the full-bridge module solid-state switch, so that one thyristor valve in the thyristor solid-state switch bears the voltage difference between a direct-current capacitor in the full-bridge module solid-state switch and the pulse capacitor, bears a reverse voltage to recover the forward blocking capability, and the fault current continues to charge the pulse capacitor;
the designated full-control device pair is two full-control devices in the full-bridge submodule, one of the two full-control devices is connected to one end of the direct-current capacitor, and the other one of the two full-control devices is connected to the other end of the direct-current capacitor.
According to the hybrid direct-current circuit breaker and the control method thereof, the hybrid direct-current circuit breaker is constructed by connecting the thyristor device, the mechanical switch, the fully-controlled solid-state switch and the like in series and in parallel, the voltage grade is improved, the fault current resistance is higher, the cost of a semiconductor device is reduced, and the hybrid direct-current circuit breaker has better economy. In addition, the control method of the hybrid direct-current circuit breaker provided by the embodiment of the description is suitable for a multi-terminal direct-current power transmission system or a direct-current power grid system, can be used as one of the engineering implementation schemes of the future flexible direct-current technology networking, is particularly suitable for the medium-voltage field sensitive to cost, and is wide in applicability.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present specification or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present specification, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without any creative effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hybrid dc circuit breaker provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
2(a) -2 (c) are schematic circuit topologies of commutating solid state switches in some embodiments of the present description;
3(a) -3 (c) are schematic diagrams of the circuit topology and control manner of the full-bridge module solid-state switch in one embodiment of the present specification;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a method for controlling the hybrid dc circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 5(a) -5 (f) are schematic diagrams of control methods of hybrid dc circuit breakers based on hybrid of semi-controlled and fully-controlled devices in some embodiments of the present disclosure;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of voltage, current and signal waveforms during the opening process of the hybrid dc circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the present specification, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present specification will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present specification, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present specification, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art based on the embodiments in the present specification without any inventive step should fall within the scope of protection of the present specification.
The direct current circuit breaker combines power electronic devices, is a circuit breaker for breaking a direct current loop, and realizes that the moment of direct current breaking is a current zero crossing point. Dc circuit breakers can be generally classified into mechanical dc circuit breakers, solid-state dc circuit breakers, and hybrid dc circuit breakers.
Although the present specification provides the method steps or apparatus structures as shown in the following examples or figures, more or less steps or modules may be included in the method or apparatus after being partially combined based on conventional or non-inventive efforts. In the case of steps or structures which do not logically have the necessary cause and effect relationship, the execution order of the steps or the block structure of the apparatus is not limited to the execution order or the block structure shown in the embodiments or the drawings of the present specification. The method or module structure, when applied to a device, server, or end product in practice, may be executed sequentially or in parallel according to embodiments or the method or module structure shown in the drawings (e.g., a parallel processor or multi-thread processing environment, or even an implementation environment including distributed processing and server clustering).
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hybrid dc circuit breaker provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, and as shown in fig. 1, in an embodiment of the hybrid dc circuit breaker provided in the present disclosure, the hybrid dc circuit breaker may include: the device comprises a through-flow branch 1, a transfer branch 2, a buffer branch 3 and an energy consumption branch 4 which are connected in parallel.
As shown in fig. 1, the current-passing branch 1 may include a series-connected mechanical switch FMS and a commutation solid-state switch LCS, the transfer branch 2 may include a series-connected thyristor solid-state switch TH and a full-bridge module solid-state switch SM, and the buffer branch 3 may include a pulse capacitor CSThe energy consumption branch 4 may include an arrester MOV, and the operating voltage of the arrester may be set to be 1.5 to 2 times of the dc system voltage. Wherein, the pulse capacitor CSGenerally, a high-voltage pulse capacitor can be selected, when the hybrid circuit breaker is in a normal working state, working current generally only passes through the through-current branch 1, but when a fault occurs, the fault current can be sequentially transferred from the through-current branch 1 to the transfer branch 2, the buffer branch 3 and the energy consumption branch 4 through the cooperation of the switch in the hybrid circuit breaker provided in the embodiment of the specification, and the lightning arrester in the energy consumption branch 4 is used for discharging the fault current, so that the fault disconnection function is realized, and the safety of the system is guaranteed.
In some embodiments of the present description, the mechanical switch FMS is a fast mechanical switch, and can implement millisecond-level fast opening under a zero-voltage arc-free working condition, so as to implement fault opening quickly and reduce loss.
In some embodiments of the present description, the commutation solid-state switch LCS is a fully-controlled device, and a bidirectional current switching power electronic switch can be implemented, so that the hybrid dc circuit breaker has a bidirectional current switching capability.
Fig. 2(a) -2 (c) are schematic circuit topologies of a commutating solid state switch in some embodiments of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 2(a) -2 (c), and in some embodiments of the present disclosure, the commutating solid state switch LCS may adopt any one of the following structures:
two reverse series full-controlled devices;
a full-bridge circuit formed by four diodes and a full-control device;
the full-bridge circuit is composed of four full-control devices and a direct-current capacitor.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2(a), 2 full-control devices S may be used11And S12And are connected in reverse series to form a commutation solid state switch LCS. As shown in FIG. 2(b), four diodes D may be used21、D22、D23、D24And a fully-controlled device S2The formed full-bridge circuit is a current conversion solid-state switch LCS, namely four diodes are connected in series two by two and then connected in parallel to form the full-bridge circuit, and the full-control device S is connected with the full-control device S2Connected in parallel in the bridge of the full bridge circuit. As shown in FIG. 2(c), a fully controlled device S may also be used31、S32、S33、S34Specifically, as shown in fig. 2(C), four fully-controlled devices are connected in series two by two and then connected in parallel to form a full-bridge circuit, and the full-dc capacitor C is connected in parallel in the bridge of the full-bridge circuit.
In some embodiments of the present description, the commutating solid state switch may be specifically selected as an insulated gate bipolar transistor (i.e., IGBT), an integrated gate commutated thyristor (i.e., IGCT), or a power field effect transistor (i.e., IEGT), and a hybrid dc circuit breaker is constructed in a manner of using a fully controlled device and a thyristor in a hybrid manner, so that not only can the current forced zero-crossing technology of the auxiliary current be used to realize the latching of the thyristor device, thereby realizing the switching on and off of the fault current, but also the cost of the dc circuit breaker is greatly reduced, and a foundation is laid for the popularization and application of the dc circuit breaker.
In some embodiments of the present description, the thyristor solid state switch comprises two sets of thyristor valves TH connected in anti-parallel as shown in fig. 11、TH2By reversing andthe two groups of connected thyristor valves enable the thyristor solid-state switch to realize bidirectional through-current, and further enable the hybrid direct-current circuit breaker to have bidirectional current breaking capacity. Alternatively, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, the thyristor solid state switch may also implement bidirectional current conduction by using a diode rectifier bridge.
Fig. 3(a) -3 (C) are schematic diagrams illustrating a circuit topology and a control manner of a full-bridge module solid-state switch in an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 3(a), in some embodiments of the present disclosure, the full-bridge module solid-state switch includes a plurality of cascaded full-bridge sub-modules, each full-bridge sub-module includes four full-controlled devices S1, S2, S3, S4 and a dc capacitor CSMWherein, four full-control devices are connected in parallel after being connected in series two by two to form a full-bridge circuit, and a direct current capacitor CSMA DC capacitor C connected in parallel in the full-bridge circuit bridgeSMA precharge is required. The high-voltage pulse capacitor bank C in the above embodimentSNo pre-charging is required.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a control method of a hybrid dc circuit breaker in an embodiment of the present disclosure, and as shown in fig. 4, in an embodiment of the present disclosure, a process of performing fault disconnection by using the hybrid dc circuit breaker provided in the foregoing embodiment may include:
s402, in a normal working state, the mechanical switch and the commutation solid-state switch in the through-current branch are conducted, the thyristor solid-state switch and the full-bridge module solid-state switch in the transfer branch are disconnected, and working current only passes through the through-current branch.
S404, when a fault occurs, after the hybrid direct current circuit breaker receives a brake-off signal sent by the direct current power grid protection system, the commutation solid-state switch of the through-flow branch is turned off, the thyristor solid-state switch and the full-bridge module solid-state switch of the transfer branch are turned on, and the fault current commutation is transferred to the transfer branch.
And S406, when the current of the through-current branch is zero, the contact of the mechanical switch starts to be separated and is in a zero-voltage arc-free opening state, when the opening distance between fractures of the mechanical switch reaches a preset value, the full-bridge module solid-state switch is turned off, and the fault current is converted to be transferred to the buffer branch.
And S408, charging the pulse capacitor in the buffering branch circuit by the fault current, converting the fault current to be transferred to the energy consumption branch circuit after the capacitance voltage of the pulse capacitor reaches the action voltage of the arrester of the energy consumption branch circuit, and discharging the fault current by using the arrester in the energy consumption branch circuit until the fault current is attenuated to zero.
Specifically, fig. 5(a) -5 (f) are schematic diagrams of control methods of hybrid dc circuit breakers based on hybrid of half-controlled devices and full-controlled devices in some embodiments of the present disclosure, where fig. 5(a) shows a normal operating state of the hybrid dc circuit breaker based on hybrid of half-controlled devices and full-controlled devices, and as shown in fig. 5(a), in a normal operating state, both the fast mechanical switch FMS and the commutation solid-state switch LCS of the current branch 1 are in a conducting state. The thyristor solid-state switch TH and the full-bridge module solid-state switch SM are in a turn-off state, at the moment, the working current only passes through the through-flow branch, only the mechanical switch FMS and the commutation solid-state switch LCS are arranged in the access branch 1, and under a normal working state, the loss of the access branch 1 is small, so that the long-term operation can be realized. It should be noted that the hybrid dc circuit breaker provided in the embodiments of the present specification has a bidirectional current breaking capability, and in the embodiments of the present specification, the breaking process of the hybrid dc circuit breaker is specifically described according to an operation sequence by taking only an example that a dc current flows from left to right when a system is normally operated.
As shown in fig. 5(b), when a fault occurs on the line side, after the dc circuit breaker receives a received opening signal sent by the dc power grid protection system, the dc circuit breaker enters a fault current open state, taking a fault on the right side of the dc circuit breaker as an example, at this time, a ground short circuit fault occurs on the line side, and a fault current flows through the current branch 1, fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of waveforms of voltage, current and signal during the open process of the hybrid dc circuit breaker in an embodiment of the present description, and in fig. 6, i is a schematic diagram of waveforms of voltage, current and signal during the open process of the hybrid dc circuit breaker in an embodiment of the present description, and in fig. 6MRepresenting the current of the current branch, iBRepresenting the sum of the branch current of the transfer branch and the branch current of the buffer, iVIndicating current in the dissipative branch, vDCBRepresenting the voltage across the dc breaker. As shown in fig. 6, t0Time of day, lineWhen a ground short circuit fault occurs on the road side, the fault current rises rapidly, and the fault current flows through the through-current branch 1. As shown in fig. 6, t1At this moment, after receiving a switching-off command of the direct-current power grid protection system, the direct-current circuit breaker sends a switching-off command to the commutation solid-state switch LCS of the through-flow branch 1, and almost simultaneously sends a switching-off command to the thyristor solid-state switch valve group TH of the transfer branch 21And the full-bridge module solid-state switch SM sends a turn-on trigger command to turn off the commutation solid-state switch and turn on the thyristor solid-state switch and the full-bridge module solid-state switch, as shown in fig. 6, the fault current will commutate from the through-flow branch 1 to the transfer branch 2 within a time period from t1 to t 2.
In one embodiment of the present description, when the full-bridge module solid-state switch is turned on, only the full-control devices S1 and S4 may be kept in the on state and S2 and S3 may be kept in the off state, as shown in fig. 3(b), or only the full-control devices S1 and S4 may be kept in the off state and S2 and S3 may be kept in the on state, as shown in fig. 3 (c). The fully-controlled devices S1 and S4 may be referred to as a target fully-controlled device pair, and the fully-controlled devices S2 and S3 may be referred to as a target fully-controlled device pair, so as to avoid the dc capacitor CSMShort circuit, ensure the security of system.
As shown in fig. 6, t2At the moment, the fault current is totally commutated to the transfer branch 2, as shown in fig. 5(c), at which time the fast mechanical switch FMS starts to open, at which time the voltage v across the dc breaker is at the endDCBTo divert the on-state voltage drop of branch 2, the fast mechanical switch FMS can therefore be considered to open under "zero voltage, zero current" conditions.
t3At the moment, the FMS starts to open the brake, that is, the internal contact starts to separate, and after a certain time (for example, 2 to 3ms), the contact will separate to a predetermined value (for example, 1 to 5mm), so that the FMS can endure a high transient overvoltage. When the fractures of the FMS can bear transient switching-on and switching-off overvoltage, the full-bridge module solid-state switch SM is switched off, and if the full-control device S in the full-bridge module solid-state switch SM can be used1And S4(or S)2And S3) And (6) turning off. Due to the direct current capacitor C in the full-bridge module solid-state switch SMSMIs in a pre-charging state and buffers branch 3 capacitor CSWill be commutated to the buffer branch 3 immediately, and the fault current starts to charge the capacitor CS of the buffer branch 3, as shown in fig. 5 (d).
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, after the fault current charges the high-voltage pulse capacitor in the buffer branch for a specified time, a specified pair of fully-controlled devices in each full-bridge sub-module in the full-bridge module solid-state switch is turned on, as shown in fig. 6, t4At any moment, the full-control type device S in the full-bridge module solid-state switch SM can be used1And S2When the thyristor is switched on, the solid state switch valve group TH of the thyristor1Will bear the DC capacitance CSMAnd a capacitor C of the buffer branch 3SThe voltage difference between them. Thyristor solid state switch valve group TH1The reverse voltage starts to be applied as shown in fig. 5 (e). Wherein S is1Connected at one end of a DC capacitor, S2A fully-controlled device S connected to the other end of the DC capacitor1And S2May be understood as designating a fully-controlled device pair.
As shown in fig. 6, t5Time, thyristor solid state switch valve group TH1After restoring the forward blocking capability, the fault current continues to be supplied to the capacitor C of the buffer branch 3SVoltage v across charging, dc circuit breakerDCBAnd rapidly rises.
As shown in fig. 6, t6At any moment, the voltage v across the DC breakerDCBWhen the action voltage of the arrester MOV of the energy consumption branch circuit 4 is reached, the fault current is at t6～t7The current is converted from the buffer branch 3 to the energy consumption branch 4 in the time period, and simultaneously the fault current starts to gradually decrease and absorb the energy stored in the direct current system, as shown in fig. 5 (f).
As shown in fig. 6, t8At the moment, the fault current is attenuated to zero, and the direct current breaker finally finishes the on-off of the fault current.
Wherein, t0～t8The specific time period of the time may be set based on actual conditions, and the embodiments of the present specification are not particularly limited.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the control of the hybrid dc circuit breaker may be performed by a controller of the dc circuit breaker or other devices having a control function, and after receiving the fault signal command, the hybrid dc circuit breaker sequentially controls the on and off of each switch according to the method described in the above embodiment, so as to disconnect the fault current.
The hybrid direct-current circuit breaker topology scheme provided by the embodiment of the specification can realize the promotion of voltage level through the series connection of thyristor devices, and compared with the hybrid direct-current circuit breaker adopting an IGBT device, the direct-current circuit breaker adopting the scheme has the advantages that the fault current tolerance capability is stronger, the cost of a semiconductor device is reduced, and the economy is better. In addition, the control method for the hybrid direct-current circuit breaker provided by the embodiment of the specification is suitable for a multi-terminal direct-current power transmission system or a direct-current power grid system, can be used as one of the engineering implementation schemes of the future flexible direct-current technology networking, is particularly suitable for the medium-voltage field sensitive to cost, and is wide in applicability.
Embodiments of the present specification may also provide an electronic device and a computer storage medium, which may include: at least one processor and a memory for storing processor-executable instructions, the processor implementing the control method of the hybrid dc circuit breaker of the above embodiments when executing the instructions.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments may be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for the hardware + program class embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to only the partial description of the method embodiment.
Although one or more embodiments of the present description provide method operational steps as in the embodiments or flowcharts, more or fewer operational steps may be included based on conventional or non-inventive approaches. The order of steps recited in the embodiments is merely one manner of performing the steps in a multitude of orders and does not represent the only order of execution. When the device or the end product in practice executes, it can execute sequentially or in parallel according to the method shown in the embodiment or the figures (for example, in the environment of parallel processors or multi-thread processing, even in the environment of distributed resource data update). The terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, the presence of additional identical or equivalent elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises an element is not excluded. The terms first, second, etc. are used to denote names, but not any particular order.
For convenience of description, the above devices are described as being divided into various modules by functions, and are described separately. Of course, when implementing one or more of the present description, the functions of each module may be implemented in one or more software and/or hardware, or a module implementing the same function may be implemented by a combination of multiple sub-modules or sub-units, etc. The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and for example, a division of a unit is merely a division of one logic function, and an actual implementation may have another division, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments may be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for system embodiments, since they are substantially similar to method embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant points can be referred to only part of the description of the method embodiments. In the description of the specification, reference to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the specification. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
The above description is merely exemplary of one or more embodiments of the present disclosure and is not intended to limit the scope of one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. Various modifications and alterations to one or more embodiments described herein will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement or the like made within the spirit and principle of the present specification should be included in the scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A hybrid dc circuit breaker, comprising: the energy-saving device comprises a through-flow branch, a transfer branch, a buffering branch and an energy consumption branch which are connected in parallel;
the current branch circuit comprises a mechanical switch and a current conversion solid-state switch which are connected in series, the transfer branch circuit comprises a thyristor solid-state switch and a full-bridge module solid-state switch which are connected in series, the buffer branch circuit comprises a pulse capacitor, and the energy consumption branch circuit comprises an arrester;
and in a normal working state, working current only passes through the through-current branch, and when a fault occurs, fault current is sequentially transferred to the transfer branch, the buffer branch and the energy consumption branch from the through-current branch.
2. A hybrid dc circuit breaker according to claim 1, wherein the commutating solid state switch is a fully controlled device and is a power electronic switch that is bi-directionally current breaking.
3. A hybrid dc circuit breaker according to claim 2, wherein the commutating solid state switch is of any one of the following configurations:
two reverse series full-controlled devices;
a full-bridge circuit formed by four diodes and a full-control device;
the full-bridge circuit is composed of four full-control devices and a direct-current capacitor.
4. A hybrid dc circuit breaker according to claim 1, wherein the thyristor solid state switch comprises two sets of thyristor valves connected in anti-parallel.
5. The hybrid dc circuit breaker of claim 1, wherein the full-bridge modular solid state switch comprises a plurality of cascaded full-bridge submodules, each full-bridge submodule comprises four fully-controlled devices and a dc capacitor, the four fully-controlled devices are connected in parallel after being connected in series two by two to form a full-bridge circuit, the dc capacitor is connected in parallel in the full-bridge circuit bridge, and the dc capacitor is a pre-charge capacitor.
6. A hybrid dc circuit breaker according to claim 2, wherein the commutating solid state switch is an insulated gate bipolar transistor or an integrated gate commutated thyristor or an electric field effect transistor.
7. A hybrid dc circuit breaker as recited in claim 1 wherein said thyristor solid state switch employs a diode rectifier bridge to achieve bidirectional current conduction.
8. A method of controlling a hybrid dc circuit breaker according to any of claims 1-7, the method comprising:
in a normal working state, the mechanical switch and the current conversion solid-state switch in the through-flow branch are switched on, the thyristor solid-state switch and the full-bridge module solid-state switch in the transfer branch are switched off, and the working current only passes through the through-flow branch;
when a fault occurs, after the hybrid direct current circuit breaker receives a brake-off signal sent by a direct current power grid protection system, the current conversion solid-state switch of the through-flow branch is turned off, the thyristor solid-state switch and the full-bridge module solid-state switch of the transfer branch are turned on, and the fault current is converted and transferred to the transfer branch;
when the current of the through-current branch is zero, the contact of the mechanical switch starts to be separated and is in a zero-voltage arc-free brake-separating state, when the opening distance between fractures of the mechanical switch reaches a preset value, the full-bridge module solid-state switch is turned off, and the fault current conversion is transferred to the buffer branch;
and charging a pulse capacitor in the buffer branch circuit by the fault current, converting and transferring the fault current to the energy consumption branch circuit after the capacitance voltage of the pulse capacitor reaches the action voltage of an arrester of the energy consumption branch circuit, and discharging the fault current by using the arrester in the energy consumption branch circuit until the fault current is attenuated to zero.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the full-bridge module solid-state switch comprises a plurality of cascaded full-bridge submodules, each full-bridge submodule comprises four full-control devices and a direct current capacitor, the four full-control devices are connected in parallel after being connected in series in pairs to form a full-bridge circuit, the direct current capacitor is connected in parallel in a bridge of the full-bridge circuit, and the switching on the thyristor solid-state switch of the transfer branch and the full-bridge module solid-state switch comprises:
and the thyristor solid-state switch of the transfer branch circuit and the target fully-controlled device pair in each full-bridge submodule in the full-bridge module solid-state switch are conducted, and the target fully-controlled device pair is two fully-controlled devices connected to the same end of the direct-current capacitor in the full-bridge submodule.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the fault current charges a pulse capacitor in the buffer branch, comprising:
after the fault current charges the pulse capacitor in the buffer branch circuit for a specified time, conducting a specified full-controllability device pair in each full-bridge submodule in the full-bridge module solid-state switch, so that one thyristor valve in the thyristor solid-state switch bears the voltage difference between a direct-current capacitor in the full-bridge module solid-state switch and the pulse capacitor, bears a reverse voltage to recover the forward blocking capability, and the fault current continues to charge the pulse capacitor;
the designated full-control device pair is two full-control devices in the full-bridge submodule, one of the two full-control devices is connected to one end of the direct-current capacitor, and the other one of the two full-control devices is connected to the other end of the direct-current capacitor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111507169.2A CN114204517B (en) | 2021-12-10 | 2021-12-10 | Hybrid direct current breaker and control method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111507169.2A CN114204517B (en) | 2021-12-10 | 2021-12-10 | Hybrid direct current breaker and control method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114204517A true CN114204517A (en) | 2022-03-18 |
| CN114204517B CN114204517B (en) | 2024-03-22 |
Family
ID=80652111
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111507169.2A Active CN114204517B (en) | 2021-12-10 | 2021-12-10 | Hybrid direct current breaker and control method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114204517B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114944642A (en) * | 2022-06-09 | 2022-08-26 | 西南交通大学 | Composite energy consumption device based on liquid metal |
| CN116865737A (en) * | 2023-09-04 | 2023-10-10 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Direct-current solid-state circuit breaker circuit topology based on full-control device and control method |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104767170A (en) * | 2014-01-06 | 2015-07-08 | 国家电网公司 | Mixed high-voltage direct-current circuit breaker and realization method thereof |
| CN105281303A (en) * | 2015-10-14 | 2016-01-27 | 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 | Mixed-type high-voltage DC breaker and implementation method thereof |
| US20190020193A1 (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2019-01-17 | Nr Electric Co., Ltd | Direct Current Switch-Off Device And Control Method Thereof |
| CN109904833A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-06-18 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司 | A kind of dc circuit breaker and its control method |
| CN110993402A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-04-10 | 北京科技大学 | Bidirectional on-off hybrid direct current circuit breaker |
| CN112003357A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2020-11-27 | 中车株洲电力机车研究所有限公司 | Circuit control method based on solid-state switch and solid-state switch |
| CN112510647A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-03-16 | 西安交通大学 | Direct current breaker combining oscillation transfer and solid-state switch |
| CN112802698A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-05-14 | 西安交通大学 | Hybrid direct current breaker with forced commutation function |
| CN113013832A (en) * | 2021-03-08 | 2021-06-22 | 清华大学 | Hybrid direct current breaker based on passive coupling oscillation and control method thereof |
-
2021
- 2021-12-10 CN CN202111507169.2A patent/CN114204517B/en active Active
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104767170A (en) * | 2014-01-06 | 2015-07-08 | 国家电网公司 | Mixed high-voltage direct-current circuit breaker and realization method thereof |
| CN105281303A (en) * | 2015-10-14 | 2016-01-27 | 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 | Mixed-type high-voltage DC breaker and implementation method thereof |
| US20190020193A1 (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2019-01-17 | Nr Electric Co., Ltd | Direct Current Switch-Off Device And Control Method Thereof |
| CN109904833A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-06-18 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司 | A kind of dc circuit breaker and its control method |
| CN110993402A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-04-10 | 北京科技大学 | Bidirectional on-off hybrid direct current circuit breaker |
| CN112003357A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2020-11-27 | 中车株洲电力机车研究所有限公司 | Circuit control method based on solid-state switch and solid-state switch |
| CN112510647A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-03-16 | 西安交通大学 | Direct current breaker combining oscillation transfer and solid-state switch |
| CN112802698A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-05-14 | 西安交通大学 | Hybrid direct current breaker with forced commutation function |
| CN113013832A (en) * | 2021-03-08 | 2021-06-22 | 清华大学 | Hybrid direct current breaker based on passive coupling oscillation and control method thereof |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114944642A (en) * | 2022-06-09 | 2022-08-26 | 西南交通大学 | Composite energy consumption device based on liquid metal |
| CN116865737A (en) * | 2023-09-04 | 2023-10-10 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Direct-current solid-state circuit breaker circuit topology based on full-control device and control method |
| CN116865737B (en) * | 2023-09-04 | 2023-11-24 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Direct-current solid-state circuit breaker circuit topology based on full-control device and control method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114204517B (en) | 2024-03-22 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Kontos et al. | Multiline breaker for HVdc applications | |
| Wang et al. | Reactor sizing criterion for the continuous operation of meshed HB-MMC-based MTDC system under DC faults | |
| CN114204517A (en) | Hybrid direct current breaker and control method thereof | |
| CN114172135B (en) | Double-main-break type multi-port hybrid direct current breaker applicable to multi-port direct current power grid | |
| Li et al. | A hybrid modular multilevel converter with reduced full-bridge submodules | |
| Peng et al. | A protection scheme against DC faults VSC based DC systems with bus capacitors | |
| Li et al. | Active-forced-commutated bridge using hybrid devices for high efficiency voltage source converters | |
| Li et al. | A DC fault handling method of the MMC-based DC system | |
| CN104393776A (en) | Rectifier inverter unit, multilevel converter, control method thereof and control device | |
| CN112803795A (en) | Active commutation unit, hybrid converter topology structure and method for forced commutation | |
| Xu et al. | Topology, control and fault analysis of a new type HVDC breaker for HVDC systems | |
| Tu et al. | An integrated multi-port hybrid DC circuit breaker for VSC-based DC grids | |
| Zhu et al. | A bidirectional MVDC solid-state circuit breaker based on mixture device | |
| WO2022183696A1 (en) | Multifunctional multi-port hybrid direct-current circuit breaker and control method | |
| Diao et al. | A novel fault ride-through topology with high efficiency and fast fault clearing capability for MVdc PV system | |
| Nguyen et al. | A novel submodule topology of MMC for blocking DC-fault currents in HVDC transmission systems | |
| CN113765076A (en) | Bidirectional solid-state direct-current circuit breaker based on thyristor | |
| Xu et al. | DC current flow controller with fault current limiting and interrupting capabilities | |
| Huo et al. | Novel flexible HVDC transmission converter station topology with DC fault blocking capability | |
| WO2022121837A1 (en) | Direct current circuit breaker and control method therefor, and electronic device | |
| Wei et al. | A novel hybrid DC circuit breaker for nodes in multi-terminal DC system | |
| Xu et al. | An IGCT-based multi-functional MMC system with commutation and switching | |
| Zheng et al. | Designing and research of a novel current limiting DC hybrid circuit breaker with the combinatorial electronic switch | |
| CN111953221A (en) | Modular multilevel converter and converter station | |
| Tan et al. | A Novel Optimized Coordination Strategy Between Fast Protection and Multi-port Hybrid DC Circuit Breaker for VSC-Based DC grids |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| TA01 | Transfer of patent application right |
Effective date of registration: 20230712 Address after: 710075 No. 2 Xifu Road, West Third Ring Road, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province Applicant after: XI'AN XD POWER SYSTEMS Co.,Ltd. Applicant after: Xi'an Xidian Power Electronics Co.,Ltd. Applicant after: CHINA XD ELECTRIC Co.,Ltd. Address before: 710075 No. 2 Xifu Road, West Third Ring Road, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province Applicant before: XI'AN XD POWER SYSTEMS Co.,Ltd. Applicant before: CHINA XD ELECTRIC Co.,Ltd. |
|
| TA01 | Transfer of patent application right | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |