CN114070028B - Voltage equalizing control method of cascaded bidirectional converter device - Google Patents
Voltage equalizing control method of cascaded bidirectional converter device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114070028B CN114070028B CN202111373772.6A CN202111373772A CN114070028B CN 114070028 B CN114070028 B CN 114070028B CN 202111373772 A CN202111373772 A CN 202111373772A CN 114070028 B CN114070028 B CN 114070028B
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- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 131
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 210000001061 forehead Anatomy 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000012356 Product development Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J5/00—Circuit arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks and dc networks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/66—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal
- H02M7/68—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/72—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/79—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/797—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
Abstract
The voltage equalizing control method of the cascade bidirectional converter device comprises the steps of firstly, making a difference between the voltage of the direct current side of each bidirectional converter unit and the average value of the direct current side voltages of all the bidirectional converter units, and obtaining the deviation amount of the direct current side voltages; and setting different functions for solving the self-adaptive current instruction adjusting coefficient for the rectifying and inverting working modes, and finally multiplying the current instruction adjusting coefficient by a current instruction controlled in a closed loop to realize the control of the bidirectional converter unit work. The voltage equalizing control method of the cascaded bidirectional converter device can ensure that the cascaded bidirectional converter device is not biased when running in different power sections, can adapt to topological structures with different cascading numbers and different parallel numbers of bidirectional converter modules in each stage, plays a key role in safe and stable running of a system, optimizing upgrading and adaptability of device topological structure change, and greatly improves flexibility of product development.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a voltage equalizing control method, in particular to a voltage equalizing control method of a cascaded bidirectional converter device.
Background
The voltage equalizing control of the existing cascade converter generally adopts a mode of fixedly adjusting the current command, and the mode has the greatest advantages of simple control, but certain defects of fixed adjustment coefficients. Firstly, the running condition of the equipment cannot be completely adapted to: when the equipment operates in different rectifying or inverting working modes, the required adjustment amount is different even though the voltage deviation amount is the same; when the device is operating in low current conditions, an excessive adjustment factor may be subject to overcompensation and thus bias. Secondly, the topology structure of different parallel numbers of each stage cannot be completely adapted, when a plurality of modules are connected in parallel in each stage, the sensitivity degree of the power of each stage to a current instruction is increased, and when the equipment operates in different power sections, the fixed adjustment coefficient can have the problem of overcompensation or undercompensation.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the technical problems, the invention provides a voltage equalizing control method of a cascaded bidirectional converter device.
The voltage equalizing control method of the cascade type bidirectional converter device comprises the steps that the cascade type bidirectional converter device is formed by connecting m bidirectional converter units in series, each bidirectional converter unit is formed by connecting n power units in parallel, and the power units can selectively work in a rectifying mode or an inverting mode; one end of the cascade bidirectional converter device is connected to the direct current traction power grid, and the other end of the cascade bidirectional converter device is connected to the alternating current power grid through a transformer; when the power unit works in the rectification mode, electric energy on the alternating current power grid is input to the direct current traction power grid, and when the power unit works in the inversion mode, electric energy on the direct current traction power grid is input to the alternating current power grid; the voltage equalizing control method of the cascade bidirectional converter device is characterized by comprising the following steps of: firstly, the voltage of the direct current side of each bidirectional converter unit is differed from the average value of the voltages of the direct current sides of all the bidirectional converter units, and the deviation value of the voltages of the direct current sides of each bidirectional converter unit is obtained; and setting different functions for solving the adaptive current instruction adjusting coefficients for the rectification working mode and the inversion working mode, solving the current instruction adjusting coefficients of the bidirectional converter units, and finally multiplying the current instruction adjusting coefficients by a current instruction controlled by a closed loop to control the working states of the bidirectional converter units so as to realize power balance and direct current side voltage balance of m bidirectional converter units.
The voltage equalizing control method of the cascade bidirectional converter device is realized by the following steps:
a) Collecting direct-current side voltage, collecting direct-current side voltage of each bidirectional converter unit, and recording direct-current side voltages of m bidirectional converter units as U respectively 1 、U 2 、…、U m ；
b) Calculating the deviation of the DC side voltage, taking the average value of the DC side voltages of m bidirectional converter units as a voltage target value, taking the difference value of the DC side voltage of each bidirectional converter unit and the voltage target value as the deviation of the DC side voltage of each bidirectional converter unit in real time, and calculating the deviation DeltaU of the DC side voltage of each bidirectional converter unit in real time by using a formula (1) i ：
△U i =U i －（U 1 +U 2 +…+U m ）/m （1）
Wherein DeltaU i For the real-time deviation of the dc side voltage of the bi-directional converter unit i, ui is the dc side voltage of the bi-directional converter unit i, m is the total number of cascades of the bi-directional converter units, i=1, 2, …, m;
c) Obtaining an inversion mode adjustment coefficient, and when the cascade bidirectional converter device works in an inversion working mode, obtaining an adaptive current instruction adjustment coefficient y of the bidirectional converter unit i i The determination is performed by the formula (2):
y i = (b/a)*△Ui＋1 （2）
wherein y is i The self-adaptive current instruction adjusting coefficient of the bidirectional converter unit i, b is the self-adaptive current instruction adjusting coefficient increment, and is used for adjusting a current instruction, a is a direct-current side voltage protection value of each stage of bidirectional converter unit, and is used for limiting the voltage deviation limit of each stage of direct-current side, i=1, 2, … and m;
d) Obtaining a rectification mode adjustment coefficient, and when the cascade bidirectional converter device works in a rectification working mode, obtaining an adaptive current instruction adjustment coefficient y of the bidirectional converter unit i i The determination is performed by the formula (3):
y i = －(b/a)*△Ui＋1 （3）
wherein y is i The self-adaptive current instruction adjusting coefficient of the bidirectional converter unit i, b is the self-adaptive current instruction adjusting coefficient increment, and is used for adjusting a current instruction, a is a direct-current side voltage protection value of each stage of bidirectional converter unit, and is used for limiting the voltage deviation limit of each stage of direct-current side, i=1, 2, … and m;
e) Dynamic adjustment of output according to the operating mode of the cascaded bi-directional converter device, using the adaptive current command adjustment coefficient y obtained in step c) or step d) i And multiplying the current command of the closed loop control with the current command to calculate a current command of the bidirectional converter unit i, and controlling the output of each bidirectional converter unit by using the obtained current command to realize the power balance and the direct current side voltage balance of the m bidirectional converter units.
The voltage equalizing control method of the cascade bidirectional converter device of the invention, the dynamic adjustment method of the output in step e) is as follows: the cascade bidirectional converter device is provided with a voltage U on the direct current side of m bidirectional converter units according to the voltage U on the alternating current network side 1 、U 2 、…、U m The current command of the closed loop control obtained by PI control is i, and the adaptive current command adjustment coefficients obtained by the m bi-directional converter units according to the formula (2) or the formula (3) are m1, m2, … and mm, respectively, and then the current commands of the m bi-directional converter units are i×m1, i×m2, … and i×mm, respectively.
The voltage equalizing control method of the cascade bidirectional converter device of the invention sets the rated voltage of the direct current traction power grid as U Forehead (forehead) The value of the self-adaptive current instruction adjustment coefficient increment b meets the following conditions: the voltage protection value a of the direct current side of each stage of bidirectional converter unit is more than 0 and less than 0.5, and the voltage protection value a of the direct current side of each stage of bidirectional converter unit meets the following conditions: (U) Forehead (forehead) /m)*10%＜a＜(U Forehead (forehead) /m)*20%。
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the voltage equalizing control method of the cascade bidirectional converter device comprises the steps of firstly, calculating the average value of direct-current side voltages of all bidirectional converter units, and using the average value as a target voltage value; then, the direct-current side voltage of each bidirectional converter unit is differenced with a target voltage value, and the deviation amount of the direct-current side voltage of each bidirectional converter is obtained; and then, taking the deviation amount as a variable, establishing different self-adaptive current instruction regulating coefficient functions for the rectifying working mode and the inverting working mode of the converter device, solving a self-adaptive current instruction regulating system in the working state of the rectifying or inverting mode according to the established self-adaptive current instruction regulating coefficient functions, and finally, multiplying the current instruction regulating coefficient by a current instruction controlled by a closed loop to obtain the current instruction of each bidirectional converter unit so as to realize the control of the working state of the bidirectional converter unit.
Therefore, different adaptive current instruction adjustment coefficient functions are established for the rectification working mode and the inversion working mode of the bidirectional converter device, so that under the condition that the difference value between the direct-current side voltage of the bidirectional converter unit and the target voltage value is the same, if the bidirectional converter unit is in different working modes, the current instruction output by the controller is different, the problem of overcompensation or undercompensation caused by the mode of adopting the fixed adjustment current instruction size is solved, and compared with the prior art, the voltage equalizing control method of the cascaded bidirectional converter device can ensure that the cascaded bidirectional converter device is not biased in different power sections, can adapt to the topological structures with different cascading numbers and different parallel numbers of the bidirectional converter modules in each stage, plays a key role in the safety and stable operation of the system, the optimization and the upgrading of the system, and the adaptability of the device topological structure change, and greatly improves the flexibility of product development.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a topology diagram of a three-stage cascaded five-group parallel bi-directional converter in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of an inversion mode adjustment coefficient function and a rectification mode adjustment coefficient function established in the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a voltage equalizing control strategy of the cascaded bidirectional converter device of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a graph of measured data of three-stage cascaded five-group parallel bi-directional converters in an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1 direct current traction power grid, 2 alternating current power grid, 3 bidirectional converter unit, 4 power unit, 5 transformer.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, a topology structure diagram of three-stage cascaded five-group parallel bidirectional converters in an embodiment of the present invention is provided, one end of the illustrated cascaded bidirectional converter device is connected with a dc traction network 1, the other end is connected with an ac power grid 2 via a transformer 5, the three bidirectional converter devices are formed by connecting three bidirectional converter units 3 in series, each bidirectional converter unit 3 is further formed by five power units 4, namely, the three-stage cascaded five-group parallel topology structure, and the power units 4 can work in a rectifying mode and an inverting mode under the control of a control signal. When the power unit works in the rectification mode, electric energy on the alternating current power grid is input to the direct current traction power grid, and when the power unit works in the inversion mode, electric energy on the direct current traction power grid is input to the alternating current power grid.
The voltage equalizing control method of the cascade bidirectional converter device is realized by the following steps:
a) Collecting direct-current side voltage, collecting direct-current side voltage of each bidirectional converter unit, and recording direct-current side voltages of m bidirectional converter units as U respectively 1 、U 2 、…、U m ；
b) Calculating the deviation of the DC side voltage, taking the average value of the DC side voltages of m bidirectional converter units as a voltage target value, taking the difference value of the DC side voltage of each bidirectional converter unit and the voltage target value as the deviation of the DC side voltage of each bidirectional converter unit in real time, and calculating the deviation DeltaU of the DC side voltage of each bidirectional converter unit in real time by using a formula (1) i ：
△U i =U i －（U 1 +U 2 +…+U m ）/m （1）
Wherein DeltaU i For the real-time deviation of the dc side voltage of the bi-directional converter unit i, ui is the dc side voltage of the bi-directional converter unit i, m is the total number of cascades of the bi-directional converter units, i=1, 2, …, m;
c) Solving the inversion mode adjustment coefficient, and working as a cascade bidirectional converter deviceWhen the bidirectional converter unit is operated in the inversion operation mode, the adaptive current instruction adjustment coefficient y of the bidirectional converter unit i i The determination is performed by the formula (2):
y i = (b/a)*△Ui＋1 （2）
wherein y is i The self-adaptive current instruction adjusting coefficient of the bidirectional converter unit i, b is the self-adaptive current instruction adjusting coefficient increment, and is used for adjusting a current instruction, a is a direct-current side voltage protection value of each stage of bidirectional converter unit, and is used for limiting the voltage deviation limit of each stage of direct-current side, i=1, 2, … and m;
d) Obtaining a rectification mode adjustment coefficient, and when the cascade bidirectional converter device works in a rectification working mode, obtaining an adaptive current instruction adjustment coefficient y of the bidirectional converter unit i i The determination is performed by the formula (3):
y i = －(b/a)*△Ui＋1 （3）
wherein y is i The self-adaptive current instruction adjusting coefficient of the bidirectional converter unit i, b is the self-adaptive current instruction adjusting coefficient increment, and is used for adjusting a current instruction, a is a direct-current side voltage protection value of each stage of bidirectional converter unit, and is used for limiting the voltage deviation limit of each stage of direct-current side, i=1, 2, … and m;
as shown in fig. 2, a graph of the inversion mode adjustment coefficient function and the rectification mode adjustment coefficient function established in the present invention is given, and fig. 2 (a) is an inversion mode adjustment coefficient function graph, and fig. 2 (b) is a rectification mode adjustment coefficient function graph, which shows that, in the case that the difference between the dc side voltage of the bidirectional converter unit and the target voltage value is the same, if the bidirectional converter unit is in different operation modes, the obtained adaptive current command adjustment coefficients are also different.
e) Dynamic adjustment of output according to the operating mode of the cascaded bi-directional converter device, using the adaptive current command adjustment coefficient y obtained in step c) or step d) i Multiplying the current command of closed loop control by the current command of the closed loop control to calculate the current command of the bidirectional converter unit i, and controlling the output of each bidirectional converter unit by using the obtained current command to realize m bidirectional converter unitsPower balance and dc side voltage balance.
As shown in fig. 3, a schematic diagram of a voltage equalizing control strategy of the cascaded bidirectional converter device of the present invention is provided, and the method includes: the cascade bidirectional converter device is provided with a voltage U on the direct current side of m bidirectional converter units according to the voltage U on the alternating current network side 1 、U 2 、…、U m The current command of the closed loop control obtained by PI control is i, and the adaptive current command adjustment coefficients obtained by the m bi-directional converter units according to the formula (2) or the formula (3) are m1, m2, … and mm, respectively, and then the current commands of the m bi-directional converter units are i×m1, i×m2, … and i×mm, respectively.
Let the rated voltage of the DC traction power grid 1 be U Forehead (forehead) The value of the self-adaptive current instruction adjustment coefficient increment b meets the following conditions: the voltage protection value a of the direct current side of each stage of bidirectional converter unit is more than 0 and less than 0.5, and the voltage protection value a of the direct current side of each stage of bidirectional converter unit meets the following conditions: (U) Forehead (forehead) /m)*10%＜a＜(U Forehead (forehead) /m)*20%。
As shown in fig. 4, a measured data diagram of five sets of three-stage cascaded parallel bidirectional converters in an embodiment of the present invention is provided, where Ud is the total voltage of the dc side; ua1/ia1 is the a-phase voltage/a-phase current in winding 1, respectively; ud 1/Ud 2/Ud 3 are direct current side voltages of each stage respectively; ud1/, ud2/, ud3 is the real-time deviation of the voltage at the DC side of each stage. From the actual measurement results, when the cascaded bidirectional converter device switches the working modes according to the bidirectional conversion control strategy and the running power is continuously changed, the voltage of the direct current side of each stage can be normally and stably controlled, and the problem of bias voltage does not exist.
Claims (4)
1. A voltage equalizing control method of a cascading bidirectional converter device is characterized in that the cascading bidirectional converter device is formed by connecting m bidirectional converter units (3) in series, each bidirectional converter unit is formed by connecting n power units (4) in parallel, and the power units can selectively work in a rectifying mode or an inverting mode; one end of the cascade bidirectional converter device is connected to the direct current traction power grid (1), and the other end is connected to the alternating current power grid through a transformer (5); when the power unit works in the rectification mode, electric energy on the alternating current power grid is input to the direct current traction power grid, and when the power unit works in the inversion mode, electric energy on the direct current traction power grid is input to the alternating current power grid; the voltage equalizing control method of the cascade bidirectional converter device is characterized by comprising the following steps of: firstly, the voltage of the direct current side of each bidirectional converter unit is differed from the average value of the voltages of the direct current sides of all the bidirectional converter units, and the deviation value of the voltages of the direct current sides of each bidirectional converter unit is obtained; and setting different functions for solving the adaptive current instruction adjusting coefficients for the rectification working mode and the inversion working mode, solving the current instruction adjusting coefficients of the bidirectional converter units, and finally multiplying the current instruction adjusting coefficients by a current instruction controlled by a closed loop to control the working states of the bidirectional converter units so as to realize power balance and direct current side voltage balance of m bidirectional converter units.
2. The voltage equalizing control method of the cascaded bidirectional converter device according to claim 1, wherein the voltage equalizing control method of the cascaded bidirectional converter device is specifically realized by the following steps:
a) Collecting direct-current side voltage, collecting direct-current side voltage of each bidirectional converter unit, and recording direct-current side voltages of m bidirectional converter units as U respectively 1 、U 2 、…、U m ；
b) Calculating the deviation of the DC side voltage, taking the average value of the DC side voltages of m bidirectional converter units as a voltage target value, taking the difference value of the DC side voltage of each bidirectional converter unit and the voltage target value as the deviation of the DC side voltage of each bidirectional converter unit in real time, and calculating the deviation DeltaU of the DC side voltage of each bidirectional converter unit in real time by using a formula (1) i ：
△U i =U i －（U 1 +U 2 +…+U m ）/m （1）
Wherein DeltaU i For the real-time deviation of the dc side voltage of the bi-directional converter unit i, ui is the dc side voltage of the bi-directional converter unit i, m is the total number of cascades of the bi-directional converter units, i=1, 2, …, m;
c) Solving inversion modeThe regulation factor, the adaptive current command regulation factor y of the bi-directional converter unit i when the cascaded bi-directional converter device is operating in the inverting mode of operation i The determination is performed by the formula (2):
y i = (b/a)*△Ui＋1 （2）
wherein y is i The self-adaptive current instruction adjusting coefficient of the bidirectional converter unit i, b is the self-adaptive current instruction adjusting coefficient increment, and is used for adjusting a current instruction, a is a direct-current side voltage protection value of each stage of bidirectional converter unit, and is used for limiting the voltage deviation limit of each stage of direct-current side, i=1, 2, … and m;
d) Obtaining a rectification mode adjustment coefficient, and when the cascade bidirectional converter device works in a rectification working mode, obtaining an adaptive current instruction adjustment coefficient y of the bidirectional converter unit i i The determination is performed by the formula (3):
y i = －(b/a)*△Ui＋1 （3）
wherein y is i The self-adaptive current instruction adjusting coefficient of the bidirectional converter unit i, b is the self-adaptive current instruction adjusting coefficient increment, and is used for adjusting a current instruction, a is a direct-current side voltage protection value of each stage of bidirectional converter unit, and is used for limiting the voltage deviation limit of each stage of direct-current side, i=1, 2, … and m;
e) Dynamic adjustment of output according to the operating mode of the cascaded bi-directional converter device, using the adaptive current command adjustment coefficient y obtained in step c) or step d) i And multiplying the current command of the closed loop control with the current command to calculate a current command of the bidirectional converter unit i, and controlling the output of each bidirectional converter unit by using the obtained current command to realize the power balance and the direct current side voltage balance of the m bidirectional converter units.
3. The voltage equalizing control method of a cascaded bidirectional converter device according to claim 2, wherein the dynamic adjusting method of the output in step e) is: the cascade bidirectional converter device is provided with a voltage U on the direct current side of m bidirectional converter units according to the voltage U on the alternating current network side 1 、U 2 、…、U m The current command of the closed loop control obtained by PI control is i, and the adaptive current command adjustment coefficients obtained by the m bi-directional converter units according to the formula (2) or the formula (3) are m1, m2, … and mm, respectively, and then the current commands of the m bi-directional converter units are i×m1, i×m2, … and i×mm, respectively.
4. The voltage equalizing control method of the cascaded bidirectional converter device according to claim 2, characterized in that the rated voltage of the direct current traction power grid (1) is set as U Forehead (forehead) The value of the self-adaptive current instruction adjustment coefficient increment b meets the following conditions: the voltage protection value a of the direct current side of each stage of bidirectional converter unit is more than 0 and less than 0.5, and the voltage protection value a of the direct current side of each stage of bidirectional converter unit meets the following conditions: (U) Forehead (forehead) /m)*10%＜a＜(U Forehead (forehead) /m)*20%。
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| CN108322076A (en) * | 2018-02-11 | 2018-07-24 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of Pressure and Control system and method for AC system parallel connection H bridge type current transformers |
| CN111478567A (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2020-07-31 | 南京航空航天大学 | Cascade H-bridge rectifier bias component and fundamental component injection voltage-sharing method |
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