CN113852294A - Vibration-damping energy-harvesting dual-function metamaterial beam - Google Patents
Vibration-damping energy-harvesting dual-function metamaterial beam Download PDFInfo
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- CN113852294A CN113852294A CN202110999639.5A CN202110999639A CN113852294A CN 113852294 A CN113852294 A CN 113852294A CN 202110999639 A CN202110999639 A CN 202110999639A CN 113852294 A CN113852294 A CN 113852294A
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- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001588 bifunctional effect Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 19
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004377 microelectronic Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005676 thermoelectric effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
- H02N2/186—Vibration harvesters
Abstract
The invention discloses a vibration-damping energy-harvesting dual-function metamaterial beam, and relates to the technical field of energy harvesting. The structure of the invention comprises a piezoelectric sheet, a main beam, a local beam and a mass block. The length of the local resonance units is distributed in a trapezoidal shape, the change from the fixed end to the free end is from short to long, and the change range is not large.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to two technical fields of vibration reduction and energy harvesting, which can achieve the effects of fully utilizing resources and saving energy consumption by absorbing the vibration on an engineering beam structure and generating energy in a local resonance unit by utilizing a piezoelectric effect and a local resonance mechanism and collecting the energy; when the local resonance unit captures energy, vibration of the main beam is suppressed. In particular to a vibration-damping energy-harvesting dual-function metamaterial beam and an energy harvesting and vibration-damping method thereof.
Background
China is a large population country, the demand on energy is far greater than that of other countries, and the full utilization of renewable energy is the direction of research of many scholars. At present, most of microelectronic devices are powered by batteries, but the batteries have short service life, and the old batteries need to be buried, which seriously affects the soil environment and also causes damage to the ecosystem to a certain extent, so that how to supply power to the microelectronic devices and the wireless sensor network becomes a hot spot which is of great concern today.
There are various kinds of energy sources in nature, such as solar energy, vibration energy, thermal energy, wind energy, nuclear energy, etc., which can be converted into electric energy by energy conversion technology. For example, the photoelectric effect of the photoelectric material is utilized to convert solar energy into electric energy; converting the thermal gradient into electric energy by utilizing the thermoelectric effect of the hot spot material; the piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric material is utilized to convert the vibration energy in the environment into electric energy. Among them, the power generation using the environmental vibration energy is more widely applied due to the ubiquitous existence of the vibration.
The metamaterial has special properties such as negative refractive index and negative rigidity which are not possessed by natural materials. The metamaterial beam is formed by combining a main beam and a large number of local resonance units arranged on the main beam. The principle of energy harvesting of the local resonance unit is a piezoelectric effect, and the piezoelectric effect is to harvest electric energy by generating large deformation through a piezoelectric sheet so as to achieve the effect of energy conservation. The principle of vibration reduction of the metamaterial beam is a local resonance mechanism, namely a local resonance mode of the vibrator is mutually coupled with a matrix mode to generate a band gap, so that the vibration reduction effect is achieved. Its advantages are long service life, high reliability and continuous energy supply.
The Chinese patent application (publication number CN110912455A) discloses a broadband vibration energy harvester, which comprises a low-frequency vibration structure, a high-frequency piezoelectric composite beam, a first moving magnet, a second moving magnet and a coil, wherein electric energy is respectively output according to electromagnetic induction between the first moving magnet and the coil and the piezoelectric effect of the second moving magnet touching the high-frequency piezoelectric composite beam. The structure is complex, relates to electromagnetic induction and piezoelectric effect, and is high in cost, more natural frequencies can be generated in the low-frequency range by the structure only through the piezoelectric effect, a wider energy harvesting interval is formed, larger electric energy is generated, the displacement amplitude of the main beam can be greatly reduced through the local resonance unit of the metamaterial beam, the vibration reduction effect is good, and the cost is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention relates to a vibration-damping energy-harvesting metamaterial beam, which captures electric energy by generating large deformation through a piezoelectric sheet in a local resonance unit and achieves a vibration-damping effect through a local resonance mechanism of a metamaterial structure. The structure prolongs the service life of the metamaterial beam and saves the cost.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a vibration-damping energy-harvesting dual-function metamaterial beam is provided with a vibration-damping energy-harvesting metamaterial beam and is characterized by comprising a piezoelectric plate 1, a main beam 2, a local beam 3 and a mass block 4; the local area beam 3, the piezoelectric sheet 1 and the mass block 4 form a local area resonance unit. One side end face of the local resonance unit is a fixed end, and the other side of the local resonance unit is a free end; 19 local resonance units are respectively and uniformly distributed on two sides of the main beam 2, a piezoelectric plate 1 is adhered in each local resonance unit, the width of the piezoelectric plate 1 is the same as that of the local beam 3, the length of the piezoelectric plate 1 accounts for one third of that of the local beam, and the piezoelectric plate is close to the main beam 2, so that the piezoelectric plate can easily resonate with the main beam, and although the piezoelectric plate only accounts for one third of that, the piezoelectric plate can not greatly affect the energy harvesting effect, and the cost is saved. The upper surface of one end of the local beam is tightly attached to the lower surface of the main beam, the attached part is small, the upper surface and the lower surface of the other end are adhered with mass blocks, each mass block is a cube, and the side length of each mass block is the width of the local beam. Each piezoelectric sheet is connected with a resistor, and two ends of each resistor are respectively connected with the upper surface and the lower surface of each piezoelectric sheet.
The length of the local resonance unit is distributed in a trapezoidal shape, the change from the fixed end to the free end is from short to long, the length change range is small, and the stability of structural displacement change can be improved.
The main beam and the local beam are made of aluminum, the mass block is made of lead materials, the piezoelectric sheet in the local resonance unit is made of PVDF piezoelectric materials, and the PVDF piezoelectric materials are highly stable to humidity, temperature and chemical substances, small in distortion and simple in structure. Has incomparable advantages with ferroelectric ceramics.
The metamaterial beam energy harvesting method specifically comprises the following steps:
the fixed end of the metamaterial beam is connected with an external vibration environment, external vibration continuously inputs energy to the structure, when external vibration frequency is consistent with the natural frequency of the whole structure, the whole structure resonates with the external environment, and the piezoelectric sheet attached in the local resonance unit deforms greatly, so that high electric energy is generated. The structure has the advantages that the structure can resonate with the external environment for many times in a low-frequency range, has a wider resonant frequency band, and has high electric energy output in the range of the resonant frequency band; because the external vibration frequency is lower, the natural frequency of the whole structure is reduced by adding mass blocks on the main beam and the local beam, so that the resonance is easily generated with the external vibration, and the high voltage is obtained. The electric energy generated by the piezoelectricity can continuously provide energy for the outside through an external circuit.
The vibration reduction method of the metamaterial beam comprises the following specific steps:
when the main beam vibrates, the local resonance unit can share the mechanical energy of the main beam in a vibration mode, the main mode of the vibrator inhibits the main mode of the base body to form a sub-band gap inhibiting the mode, the sub-band gaps are mutually overlapped to form a complete band gap, so that the displacement amplitude of the main beam is reduced, and the vibration reduction effect is achieved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. more natural frequencies exist in the low-frequency range, the resonance frequency of the structure is increased, and the energy harvesting effect is good; 2. by utilizing the characteristics of the metamaterial, the local resonance unit shares the mechanical energy of the main beam to achieve good vibration reduction effect; 3. the vibration frequency of the external environment is relatively low, and the mass block can reduce the inherent frequency of the structure, thereby fully utilizing the environmental resources; 4. the structure is provided with the piezoelectric sheet on each local resonance unit, and has larger output power.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall structure diagram of a vibration-damping energy-harvesting metamaterial beam according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a local resonance unit of the vibration-damping energy-harvesting metamaterial beam according to the invention;
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to the attached figure 1, the vibration-damping energy-capturing dual-function metamaterial beam comprises a piezoelectric plate, a main beam, a local beam and a mass block. The local resonance unit is composed of a local beam, a piezoelectric sheet and a mass block. The left end face is a fixed end, the right end face is a free end, 19 local resonance units are respectively and uniformly distributed on two sides of the main beam, the upper surface of each local beam is adhered with a piezoelectric sheet, the width of the piezoelectric sheet is the same as that of the local beam, the length of the piezoelectric sheet accounts for one third of that of the local beam, the piezoelectric sheet is close to the main beam, resonance with the main beam is easy to occur, the piezoelectric sheet only accounts for one third of that of the piezoelectric sheet, the influence on the energy harvesting effect is small, and the material cost is saved. The upper surface of one end of the local beam is tightly attached to the lower surface of the main beam, the attached part is small, the upper surface and the lower surface of the other end are adhered with mass blocks, the mass blocks are cubes, the mass blocks are flush with the end face of the local beam, and the side length of the mass blocks is the width of the local beam. Each piezoelectric sheet is connected with a resistor, and two ends of each resistor are respectively connected with the upper surface and the lower surface of each piezoelectric sheet. The length of the local resonance unit is distributed in a trapezoidal shape, the change from the fixed end to the free end is from short to long, the length change range is small, and the stability of structural displacement change can be improved.
The main beam and the local beam are made of aluminum, the mass block is made of lead materials, the piezoelectric sheet in the local resonance unit is made of PVDF piezoelectric materials, and the PVDF piezoelectric materials are highly stable to humidity, temperature and chemical substances, small in distortion and simple in structure. Has incomparable advantages with ferroelectric ceramics.
The metamaterial beam energy harvesting method specifically comprises the following steps:
the fixed end of the metamaterial beam is connected with an external vibration environment, external vibration continuously inputs energy to the structure, when external vibration frequency is consistent with the natural frequency of the whole structure, the whole structure resonates with the external environment, and the piezoelectric sheet attached in the local resonance unit deforms greatly, so that high electric energy is generated. The structure has the advantages that the structure can resonate with the external environment for many times in a low-frequency range, has a wider resonant frequency band, and has high electric energy output in the range of the resonant frequency band; because the external vibration frequency is lower, the natural frequency of the whole structure is reduced by adding mass blocks on the main beam and the local beam, so that the resonance is easily generated with the external vibration, and the high voltage is obtained. The electric energy generated by the piezoelectricity can continuously provide energy for the outside through an external circuit.
The vibration reduction method of the metamaterial beam comprises the following specific steps:
when the main beam vibrates, the local resonance unit can share the mechanical energy of the main beam in a vibration mode, the main mode of the vibrator inhibits the main mode of the base body to form a sub-band gap inhibiting the mode, the sub-band gaps are mutually overlapped to form a complete band gap, so that the displacement amplitude of the main beam is reduced, and the vibration reduction effect is achieved.
Claims (6)
1. A vibration-damping energy-harvesting dual-function metamaterial beam is characterized by comprising a piezoelectric plate (1), a main beam (2), a local beam (3) and a mass block (4); the local area resonance unit is formed by the local area beam (3), the piezoelectric sheet (1) and the mass block (4); one side end face of the local resonance unit is a fixed end, and the other side of the local resonance unit is a free end; 19 local resonance units are respectively and uniformly distributed on two sides of the main beam (2), a piezoelectric sheet (1) is adhered in each local resonance unit, the width of the piezoelectric sheet (1) is the same as that of the local beam (3), the length of the piezoelectric sheet accounts for one third of that of the local beam, and the piezoelectric sheet is close to the main beam (2); the upper surface of one end of the local beam is tightly attached to the lower surface of the main beam, the attached part is smaller, the upper surface and the lower surface of the other end are adhered with mass blocks, each mass block is a cube, and the side length of each mass block is the width of the local beam; each piezoelectric sheet is connected with a resistor, and two ends of each resistor are respectively connected with the upper surface and the lower surface of each piezoelectric sheet.
2. The vibration-damping energy-harvesting bifunctional metamaterial beam of claim 1, wherein the length of the local resonance units is distributed in a trapezoid shape, and the change from the fixed end to the free end is from short to long.
3. The vibration-damping and energy-harvesting dual-function metamaterial beam of claim 1, wherein the main beam and the local beam are made of aluminum.
4. The vibration-damping energy-harvesting bifunctional metamaterial beam of claim 1, wherein the piezoelectric sheet has a width equal to that of the local beam, a length of one third of the local beam, and is located close to the main beam, and the piezoelectric sheet is flush with the end face of the local beam.
5. The vibration-damping and energy-harvesting dual-function metamaterial beam of claim 1, wherein the material of the mass is lead.
6. The vibration-damping energy-harvesting bifunctional metamaterial beam of claim 1, wherein the piezoelectric sheet in the local resonance unit is made of PVDF piezoelectric material.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110999639.5A CN113852294A (en) | 2021-08-29 | 2021-08-29 | Vibration-damping energy-harvesting dual-function metamaterial beam |
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| CN202110999639.5A CN113852294A (en) | 2021-08-29 | 2021-08-29 | Vibration-damping energy-harvesting dual-function metamaterial beam |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114809117A (en) * | 2022-05-05 | 2022-07-29 | 同济大学 | Metamaterial vibration isolation pile system capable of achieving stratum vibration energy recovery and application |
| CN114352666B (en) * | 2022-01-07 | 2023-09-22 | 天津大学 | Local resonance nonlinear metamaterial device with synergistic effect of forbidden band and particle damping |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103746603A (en) * | 2014-01-17 | 2014-04-23 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Photonic crystal power generating device based on longitudinal vibration band gap |
| CN103746604A (en) * | 2014-01-17 | 2014-04-23 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Photonic crystal power generating device based on lateral vibration band gap |
| US20180368071A1 (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2018-12-20 | University Of South Carolina | Power Optimization For A Unit Cell Metamaterial Energy Harvester |
-
2021
- 2021-08-29 CN CN202110999639.5A patent/CN113852294A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103746603A (en) * | 2014-01-17 | 2014-04-23 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Photonic crystal power generating device based on longitudinal vibration band gap |
| CN103746604A (en) * | 2014-01-17 | 2014-04-23 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Photonic crystal power generating device based on lateral vibration band gap |
| US20180368071A1 (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2018-12-20 | University Of South Carolina | Power Optimization For A Unit Cell Metamaterial Energy Harvester |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| JING-QUAN LIU等: ""A MEMS-based piezoelectric power generator array for vibration energy harvesting"", 《MICROELECTRONICS JOURNAL》, pages 802 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114352666B (en) * | 2022-01-07 | 2023-09-22 | 天津大学 | Local resonance nonlinear metamaterial device with synergistic effect of forbidden band and particle damping |
| CN114809117A (en) * | 2022-05-05 | 2022-07-29 | 同济大学 | Metamaterial vibration isolation pile system capable of achieving stratum vibration energy recovery and application |
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