CN113738802B

CN113738802B - Gradient pressure torsion energy storage vibration reduction structure

Info

Publication number: CN113738802B
Application number: CN202110915781.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 韩宾; 王泽雨; 李芸瑜; 张琦
Original assignee: Xian Jiaotong University
Current assignee: Xian Jiaotong University
Priority date: 2021-08-10
Filing date: 2021-08-10
Publication date: 2022-10-25
Anticipated expiration: 2041-08-10
Also published as: CN113738802A

Abstract

The invention discloses a gradient pressure-torsion energy-storage vibration-damping structure, wherein pressure-torsion unit cells can rotate the direction of a load when the load is applied, a plurality of pressure-torsion unit cells are arranged in an array manner to form a layer of energy-storage vibration-damping unit, and a plurality of layers of energy-storage vibration-damping units are sequentially overlapped to form the gradient pressure-torsion energy-storage vibration-damping structure; the pressure is turned round the unit cell and is included the top panel from last to down in proper order, presses and turns round the structure, panel and bottom plate down, presses to twist to construct and includes a plurality ofly, and a plurality of pressure twist constructs the stack and sets up between top panel and lower panel. The invention realizes the conversion of impact energy into the self rotation energy and the counterweight rotation energy of the structure, greatly improves the energy absorption efficiency of the traditional structure, can further absorb the rotation energy by a transmission means in the rotation process of the structure, has strong designability of the structure, can improve the rigidity and the strength of the structure by improving the number of the inclined rods of a single cell, and has wider application space.

Description

Gradient pressure torsion energy storage vibration reduction structure

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical metamaterials, and particularly relates to a gradient compression-torsion energy-storage vibration reduction structure.

Background

Since the beginning of the 21 st century, metamaterials have gradually evolved as an important branch of emerging material technology. A metamaterial is a material whose various properties are thought to be controlled by designing the internal microstructure of the material to achieve a desired function. At present, the metamaterial has outstanding advantages in the aspects of acoustics, optics, heat conduction, energy absorption and energy consumption, and plays a vital role in the fields of aerospace, biomedicine, energy and power, transportation and the like.

The design of the metamaterial can be summarized as a mode of 'unit cell design + unit cell combination', wherein the unit cell can be understood as the minimum unit in the microstructure of the metamaterial, while the whole metamaterial is formed by arranging and combining a plurality of unit cells, and the specific parameters of the unit cells need to be designed in a gradient manner and defects need to be pre-added for realizing ideal functions sometimes.

At present, metamaterials are applied in vibration reduction, good performance is shown, the defect that the size of a traditional vibration absorber cannot be designed in a complex mode is overcome, and meanwhile a solution with lower density is provided. However, most of the existing vibration-damping metamaterials are designed by using a viscoelastic material, so that energy in the vibration process is converted into internal energy in viscoelastic dissipation, and the vibration-damping capacity and efficiency need to be improved.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a gradient compression-torsion energy-storage vibration-damping structure aiming at the defects in the prior art, break through the thinking and definition in the traditional vibration-damping metamaterial design, convert the energy of impact and vibration into internal energy and further into the kinetic energy of a mass block, and simultaneously convert the energy into the internal energy and the kinetic energy by combining the compression-torsion effect, the viscoelasticity characteristic of the material and the structural design method of the metamaterial, thereby further improving the vibration-damping efficiency of the whole structure. Meanwhile, the gradient design gradually improves the torsion speed of the structural assembly, can accelerate and convert part of impact kinetic energy into the rotation kinetic energy of the counterweight element, and realizes the recovery and storage of the energy.

The invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a gradient pressure-torsion energy-storage vibration attenuation structure comprises pressure-torsion unit cells, wherein the pressure-torsion unit cells can rotate the load direction when a load is applied, a plurality of pressure-torsion unit cells are arranged in an array mode to form a layer of energy-storage vibration attenuation units, and a plurality of layers of energy-storage vibration attenuation units are sequentially overlapped to form the gradient pressure-torsion energy-storage vibration attenuation structure;

the pressure is turned round the unit cell and is included the top panel from last to down in proper order, presses and turns round the structure, panel and bottom plate down, presses to twist to construct and includes a plurality ofly, and a plurality of pressure twist constructs the stack and sets up between top panel and lower panel.

Specifically, the multilayer pressure is turned round the structure and is adopted the gradient structure setting, and adjacent two-layer pressure is turned round between the structure and is connected with the edge pole through intermediate lever respectively.

Furthermore, the included angle theta between the middle rod and the edge rod is gradually decreased from top to bottom.

Specifically, the bottom plate is connected with the lower panel through a bearing.

Furthermore, the bearing is connected with the lower panel and the bottom plate in an interference fit manner.

Specifically, a balance weight is arranged between the pressure torsion structure and the lower panel.

Furthermore, the balance weight and the lower panel, and the pressure torsion structure and the lower panel are movably connected or are in an integrally formed structure.

Specifically, the upper panel is movably connected with the pressing and twisting structure or is of an integrally formed structure.

Specifically, the crimp structure comprises at least 5 layers.

Specifically, the pressure-torsion unit cell is in a square, circular or hexagonal structure.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

the invention relates to a gradient pressure-torsion energy-storage vibration damping structure, which introduces a chiral single cell with pressure-torsion effect into the vibration damping field, uses a super-elastic or high-elasticity material to ensure that the structure can be repeatedly used for many times, can realize the vibration damping requirements under different rigidities and dampings through the combination of a balance weight and a bearing and the geometric structural design of the single cell, and can also improve the vibration damping and energy absorption efficiency through the change of the size. Compared with the traditional damper, the gradient pressure torsion energy storage vibration attenuation structure has the advantages of low density, strong vibration attenuation capability and customizable shape; compared with the emerging damping metamaterial, the gradient compression-torsion energy-storage damping structure converts external extra impact kinetic energy into the rotation kinetic energy of the counterweight element in the structure while the structural rod piece compresses, deforms and absorbs energy in a torsion mode, stores the rotation kinetic energy of the counterweight, can also use a gear to transmit and convert the rotation kinetic energy into electric energy, or increases a torsion spring to store rotation momentum, further improves damping efficiency on the premise of ensuring low density, and is a design idea of the compression-torsion damping metamaterial with great prospects.

Furthermore, the gradient structure design can gradually improve the structural strength in the impact process, prolong the impact buffering time, reduce the impulse and improve the structural buffering capacity.

Furthermore, the included angle formed by the middle rod and the edge rod is gradually decreased from top to bottom, so that gradient mechanical property can be provided for the structure, the part with the smaller included angle is preferentially deformed in the impact process, acceleration is provided for the rotation of the clamping plate, the kinetic energy of the clamping plate is increased, the energy storage is increased, and the energy absorption capacity of the structure is improved.

Furthermore, the bottom plate is connected with the lower panel through a bearing, so that kinetic energy loss caused by friction force can be reduced as much as possible, and the rotation can be further converted into other energy forms to be stored.

Further, the connection of counter weight and lower panel uses bolt or interference fit can guarantee its joint strength, avoids losing efficacy at impact in-process structure.

Furthermore, the energy storage of the structure in the rotating process can be improved by reasonably arranging the counter weight, and the energy absorption capacity of the structure is further improved.

Further, when the structure size is great, between counter weight and the lower panel to and press to turn round and to adopt the activity intensity to be connected in order to guarantee structural strength between structure and the lower panel, when the structure size is less, can adopt the integrated into one piece structure to establish in order to improve packaging efficiency, reduce the cost of manufacture.

Furthermore, when the structure size is great, the upper panel can adopt swing joint with the pressure knot structure in order to guarantee that the impact in-process can not become invalid, when the structure size is less, can adopt integrated into one piece structure in order to reduce part quantity, improves the preparation efficiency.

Furthermore, the pressing and twisting structure is at least provided with a plurality of layers to ensure that the bottom plate and the counter weight have an acceleration process, so that the speed of the bottom plate and the counter weight is increased, and the energy absorption effect is improved.

Furthermore, the shape of the pressure-torsion unit cell can be designed into a square, round or hexagonal structure according to actual requirements, the number of the corresponding support rods is increased as the number of sides of the structure is increased, and the rigidity and strength of the structure can be improved by more support rods, so that the structure can be applied to different application working conditions.

In conclusion, the invention realizes the conversion of impact energy into the self rotation energy of the structure and the counterweight rotation energy, greatly improves the energy absorption efficiency of the traditional structure, can further absorb the rotation energy through a transmission means in the rotation process of the structure, has strong designability of the structure, can improve the rigidity and the strength of the structure by improving the number of the inclined rods of a single cell, and has wider application space.

The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a gradient compression-torsion energy-storage vibration-damping structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a pressure-torsion unit cell structure in the gradient pressure-torsion energy-storage vibration-damping structure of the present invention, wherein;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of 2 structures of the gradient pressure-torsion energy-storage vibration-damping structure of the present invention using different pressure-torsion structures, wherein (a) is a gradient design of a hexagonal deformation structure; (b) designing a cylinder deformation structure gradient; and (c) designing for hexagonal multistable torsion.

FIG. 4 is a time-varying acceleration curve of the gradient compression-torsion energy-storage vibration-damping structure under the impact load.

Wherein: 1. the whole structure; 2. a pressure-torsion unit cell; 3. an upper panel; 4. a pressure-torsion structure; 5. balancing weight; 6. a lower panel; 7, a bearing; 8. a base plate.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "one side", "one end", "one side", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. In addition, in the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

It will be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification and the appended claims, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.

It is also to be understood that the terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in the specification of the present invention and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

It should be further understood that the term "and/or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items and includes such combinations.

Various structural schematics according to the disclosed embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings. The figures are not drawn to scale, wherein certain details are exaggerated and possibly omitted for clarity of presentation. The shapes of various regions, layers and their relative sizes and positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely exemplary, and deviations may occur in practice due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations, and a person skilled in the art may additionally design regions/layers having different shapes, sizes, relative positions, according to actual needs.

The invention provides a gradient pressure-torsion energy-storage vibration attenuation structure, which can design the size of rotational inertia through the combination of a balance weight and a bearing, can realize the vibration attenuation requirements under different rigidity and damping through the geometric structure design of a single cell, can also realize the regulation and control of the rotating speed of a bottom plate through the gradient design of the specific structural parameters of the single cell, converts part of impact kinetic energy into the rotating kinetic energy of a balance weight element, and realizes the recovery and storage of energy; the structure has the advantages that the structure member compresses, deforms and absorbs energy through torsion, meanwhile, external extra impact kinetic energy is accelerated and converted into the rotation kinetic energy of the balance weight element in the structure, the rotation kinetic energy of the balance weight is stored, the kinetic energy is led out through the gear and converted into electric energy, the torsion spring can be added to store the rotation energy, the structure further improves the vibration damping efficiency on the premise of ensuring low density, and the design idea of the torsion pressing vibration damping metamaterial with the prospect is provided. The hybrid composite design of the pressure-torsion energy storage structure is realized, and the obtained pressure-torsion energy storage structure has the characteristics of high reliability, reusability and strong buffering capacity, and has a very good application prospect in the fields of aerospace, transportation, high-end equipment and national defense and military.

Referring to fig. 1, the gradient pressure-torsion energy-storage vibration-damping structure of the present invention is an integral structure 1 formed by an array of pressure-torsion unit cells 2; when a load is applied to the structure, the action of rotating the load direction is called a pressure-torsion effect, the structure with the pressure-torsion effect is called a pressure-torsion structure, and the pressure-torsion structure is called a pressure-torsion cell because the pressure-torsion structure is used as a cell array in the invention.

Referring to fig. 2, the pressure-torsion unit 2 includes an upper panel 3, a pressure-torsion structure 4, a weight 5, a lower panel 6, a bearing 7 and a bottom panel 8, wherein the upper panel 3, the pressure-torsion structure 4, the weight 5 and the lower panel 6 are fixedly connected to each other, and the bearing 7 connects the lower panel 6 and the bottom panel 8.

The upper panel 3 and the pressing structure 4 are connected by screws or snap joints, or are integrally formed and manufactured by using an additive manufacturing technology or a conventional machining technology.

The connection of the crimp structure 4 and the lower panel 6 is made by bolting or by integral molding according to the size.

The connection mode of the balance weight 5 and the lower panel 6 is bolted connection or integrally formed according to different actual requirements.

The bearing 7 is connected with the lower panel 6 and the bottom plate 8 in an interference fit mode.

The upper plate 3, the lower plate 6 and the bottom plate 8 are directly shaped into the geometrical configuration after the array according to the number of the actual unit cell arrays.

For example: the unit cells are arranged in 3 arrays along the XY plane, and the upper panel 3, the lower panel 6 and the bottom panel 8 are required to be arranged in 3 arrays along the XY plane, so that a 3X3 structure is formed and then directly processed and molded.

The compression-torsion structure 4 comprises a plurality of layers, each layer of the compression-torsion structure 4 is connected with each other through an intermediate rod and an edge rod (which part is the intermediate rod and which part is the edge rod in fig. 2), and in each layer of structure of the compression-torsion structure 4, an acute angle formed by the intermediate rod and the edge rod is an included angle theta, so that a deceleration impact process is converted into an acceleration counterweight rotation process by using a gradient design method, the acceleration impact process is reduced from top to bottom layer by layer in the design, the structure preferentially rotates the part with a large theta angle, and the bottom plate 8 has an effect of increasing layer by layer under the condition that the pressing speed is fixed, so that the counterweight 5 attached to the bottom plate 8 rotates in an acceleration manner, the conversion efficiency of the counterweight 5 in the impact process of converting impact kinetic energy into rotation kinetic energy is improved, and the energy storage efficiency of the whole structure is improved.

The compression and torsion structure 4 adopts a gradient design mode, the compression and torsion structure 4 in fig. 2 has five layers, wherein the included angle theta formed by each layer of intermediate rods and the edge rods is respectively 60 degrees, 50 degrees, 40 degrees, 30 degrees and 20 degrees from top to bottom, and the gradient design can ensure that the deformation of the compression and torsion structure 4 starts from the minimum theta position and ends from the maximum theta position in the impact process. The included angle theta of the pressure torsion structure and the actual stacking layer number can be adjusted according to actual requirements.

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

(1) And (3) drawing a three-dimensional data model of the gradient pressure-torsion energy-storage vibration-reduction structure by using commercial three-dimensional modeling software SolidWorks. The upper panel is square, the side length is 500mm, and the thickness is 2mm; the bottom plate is square, the side length is 500mm, and the thickness is 2mm; the lower panel is square, the side length is 50mm, and the thickness is 2mm; the cross section of the pressure-torsion unit cell is a square with the side length of 50mm and the height of 100mm, the total structure is 5 layers, the height of each layer is 20mm, and the included angle is designed to be 60 degrees, 50 degrees, 40 degrees, 30 degrees and 20 degrees from top to bottom. The section of the counterweight is a square with the side length of 50mm and the height of 5mm. And converting the drawn three-dimensional data model into an STL format for exporting.

(2) And importing the data of the three-dimensional data model of the pressure-torsion unit cell and the lower panel obtained in the last step into commercial model subdivision software Simplify3D, designing by taking TPU as a material, setting the printing power as printing speed, and processing by using a printer.

(3) And (3) processing and simulating the three-dimensional data models of the upper panel, the bottom panel and the balance weight by using commercial software Solid CAM to obtain a G file.

(4) And (3) processing the upper panel, the bottom plate and the balance weight by using a numerical control milling machine, and assembling the upper panel, the bottom plate and the balance weight with the pressure-torsion unit cell, the balance weight and the lower panel to obtain the gradient pressure-torsion energy-storage vibration-damping structure.

Referring to fig. 3, a plurality of forms of pressure-torsion unit cells forming the gradient pressure-torsion energy-storage vibration-damping structure exist, and a schematic diagram of the pressure-torsion unit cells under 3 different forms is shown, wherein (a) the pressure-torsion unit cells are hexagonal gradient unit cells, the hexagon improves the rigidity and strength of the structure relative to a quadrilateral, meanwhile, the gradient design selects the thickness of diagonal rods to design, the thicknesses of the diagonal rods are overlapped layer by layer, so as to regulate and control the rotation sequence of different layers, (b) the pressure-torsion unit cells are circular gradient unit cells, the controllability of the structural rigidity and strength is further increased relative to the hexagonal gradient unit cells, the number of the diagonal rods can be regulated according to actual requirements, and (c) the bistable gradient unit cells are bistable (the structure introduces a plurality of stable state switches of the unit cells, can have two stable states, and converts the structure through external stress, so that the structure vibrates violently in the impact process, consumes more energy and converts the energy into internal energy and viscoelasticity dissipation energy), and the bistable structure is introduced into the bistable structure at each layer, so that the energy consumption of each layer is larger, thereby improving the vibration-damping effect of the whole structure.

Referring to fig. 4, dynamic computational analysis of the torsion-compression unit cell by using ABAQUS shows that a single torsion-compression unit cell can reduce the impact force of 80000N to 20000N within 0.5s under the condition that the base plate is fixed, and has good vibration damping and buffering characteristics.

In conclusion, the gradient pressure-torsion energy-storage vibration attenuation structure provided by the invention combines the pressure-torsion effect with a proper gradient structure design, has good vibration attenuation and buffering characteristics, and can be repeatedly used for many times; the pressure-torsion unit cell has strong designability and wide application prospect.

The above-mentioned contents are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The gradient pressure-torsion energy-storage vibration attenuation structure is characterized by comprising pressure-torsion unit cells (2), wherein the pressure-torsion unit cells (2) can rotate in the load direction when bearing a load, a plurality of pressure-torsion unit cells (2) are arranged in an array mode to form a layer of energy-storage vibration attenuation units, and a plurality of layers of energy-storage vibration attenuation units are sequentially overlapped to form the gradient pressure-torsion energy-storage vibration attenuation structure; pressing and turning round unit cell (2) from last to including top panel (3) down in proper order, pressing and turning round structure (4), lower panel (6) and bottom plate (8), pressing and turning round structure (4) and including a plurality ofly, a plurality of pressures are turned round structure (4) stack and are set up between top panel (3) and lower panel (6), pressing and turning round structure (4) and be provided with counter weight (5) between lower panel (6), multilayer is pressed and is turned round structure (4) and adopt the gradient structure to set up, pressing and turning round structure (4) and include 5 layers at least, adjacent two-layer is pressed and is turned round and is connected through intermediate lever and edge pole between structure (4) respectively.

2. The gradient pressure-torsion energy-storage vibration-damping structure according to claim 1, wherein an included angle θ formed by the middle rod and the edge rod is gradually decreased from top to bottom.

3. The gradient compression-torsion energy-storage vibration-damping structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom plate (8) is connected with the lower panel (6) through a bearing (7).

4. The gradient compression-torsion energy-storage vibration damping structure according to claim 3, wherein the bearing (7) is connected with the lower panel (6) and the bottom plate (8) in an interference fit manner.

5. The gradient pressure-torsion energy-storage vibration-damping structure according to claim 1, wherein the balance weight (5) and the lower panel (6) and the pressure-torsion structure (4) and the lower panel (6) are movably connected or are integrally formed.

6. The gradient compression-torsion energy-storage vibration-damping structure according to claim 1, wherein the upper panel (3) is movably connected with the compression-torsion structure (4) or is an integrally formed structure.

7. The gradient pressure-torsion energy-storage vibration-damping structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure-torsion unit cell (2) is of a square, circular or hexagonal structure.