CN113691127B - Single-input high-reliability capacitance-current consistent Boost DC-DC converter - Google Patents

Single-input high-reliability capacitance-current consistent Boost DC-DC converter Download PDF

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CN113691127B
CN113691127B CN202110999428.1A CN202110999428A CN113691127B CN 113691127 B CN113691127 B CN 113691127B CN 202110999428 A CN202110999428 A CN 202110999428A CN 113691127 B CN113691127 B CN 113691127B
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capacitor
inductance
power switch
switch tube
diode
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CN113691127A (en
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邾玢鑫
郭浩
刘佳欣
支树播
王凯宏
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China Three Gorges University CTGU
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/06Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider
    • H02M3/07Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider using capacitors charged and discharged alternately by semiconductor devices with control electrode, e.g. charge pumps
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Abstract

Single-input high-reliability electric applianceA capacitive current consistent Boost DC-DC converter comprising a DC input source, a basic Boost converter,mthe number of forward direction expansion units is one,nand a reverse expansion unit. The forward expansion unit and the reverse expansion unit are composed of two inductors, two capacitors and a diode. The input and output gains of the converter can be adjusted by adjusting the numbers of the forward expansion units and the reverse expansion units. The converter has the characteristics of simple control and driving circuit, wide input and output voltage regulation range and high reliability, and when one of the switching tubes is damaged, other circuits can work normally; is suitable for outputting input voltage and has a larger variation range of output voltage.

Description

Single-input high-reliability capacitance-current consistent Boost DC-DC converter
Technical Field
The invention relates to a DC-DC converter, in particular to a single-input high-reliability capacitance-current consistent Boost DC-DC converter.
Background
In the application occasions with larger input and output voltage variation, the input voltage can be higher than the output voltage and also can be lower than the output voltage, and the applicable common non-isolated Buck-boost DC-DC converter comprises a Buck-Boost, cuk, sepic circuit and a Zeta circuit. Theoretically, by adjusting the duty ratio D, the input/output gain of these converters can be changed from zero to infinity, but the boosting capability of these converters is greatly limited due to the influence of parasitic parameters of components and circuits. At present, the scheme of the input/output gain of the single-input DC-DC converter is mostly constructed by adopting basic circuits in parallel, but the reliability is poor. Therefore, research can realize high-gain boosting and simultaneously has important significance for the single-input buck-boost DC/DC converter with high reliability.
Disclosure of Invention
The method aims to solve the problem that an existing non-isolated single-input high-gain DC-DC converter is low in reliability. The invention provides a single-input high-reliability capacitance-current consistent Boost DC-DC converter based on a basic Boost converter. The input and output gains of the converter can be adjusted by adjusting the number of the gain expansion units. The converter has the characteristics of simple control and driving circuit, wide input and output voltage regulation range and high reliability; when one of the switching tubes is damaged, other circuits can work normally; the power supply is suitable for application occasions with large output and input voltage and output voltage variation range, the requirement of two power supplies for supplying power simultaneously and high reliability.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a single-input high-reliability capacitive current-consistent Boost DC-DC converter, the converter comprising:
a basic Boost converter, m forward expansion units, n reverse expansion units;
the basic Boost converter comprises an inductance L 0 Capacitance C 0 Power switch tube S 0 Diode D 0
DC input power V g Positive electrode connection inductance L 0 One end of the inductor L 0 The other ends are respectively connected with a power switch tube S 0 Drain electrode, diode D 0 Anode, diode D 0 Cathode connection capacitor C 0 One end of the capacitor C 0 The other ends are respectively connected with a power switch tube S 0 Source, DC input power V g A negative electrode;
m forward expansion units:
the 1 st forward expansion unit comprises an inductance L 1 、L 2 Diode D 1 Power switch tube S 1 Capacitance C 1 、C 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein the inductance L 1 One end is connected with a direct current input power supply V g Positive electrode, inductance L 1 The other ends are respectively connected with a power switch tube S 1 Drain electrode, capacitor C 1 One end of the capacitor C 1 The other end is connected with an inductor L 2 One end of diode D 1 Anode, diode D 1 Cathode connection capacitor C 2 One end of the inductor L 2 The other end is connected with a capacitor C 2 Another end, power switch tube S 1 The source electrode is connected with the grounding end;
2 nd positiveThe extension unit comprises an inductance L 3 、L 4 Diode D 2 Power switch tube S 2 Capacitance C 3 、C 4 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein the inductance L 3 One end is connected with a direct current input power supply V g Positive electrode, inductance L 3 The other ends are respectively connected with a power switch tube S 2 Drain electrode, capacitor C 3 One end of the capacitor C 3 The other end is connected with an inductor L 4 One end of diode D 2 Anode, diode D 2 Cathode connection capacitor C 4 One end of the inductor L 4 The other end is connected with a capacitor C 4 Another end, power switch tube S 2 The source electrode is connected with the grounding end;
… … and so on, can be extended to m forward extension units:
the mth forward expansion unit comprises an inductance L (2m-1) 、L 2m Diode D m Power switch tube S m Capacitance C (2m-1) 、C 2m The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the m is a natural number of 1,2,3,4 and …; wherein the inductance L (2m-1) One end is connected with a direct current input power supply V g Positive electrode, inductance L (2m-1) The other ends are respectively connected with a power switch tube S m Drain electrode, capacitor C (2m-1) One end of the capacitor C (2m-1) The other end is connected with an inductor L 2m One end of diode D m Anode, diode D m Cathode connection capacitor C 2m One end of the inductor L 2m The other end is connected with a capacitor C 2m Another end, power switch tube S m The source electrode is connected with the grounding end;
capacitor C 0 One end is connected with a capacitor C 2 The connection relationship between the m forward expansion units is as follows:
inductance L 1 、L 3 ……L (2m-1) One end is connected together; capacitor C 2 One end is connected with a capacitor C 4 The other end, … … and so on, capacitance C 2m One end is connected with a capacitor C (2m+2) The other end;
n reverse expansion units:
the 1 st reverse expansion unit comprises an inductance L 1 '、L 2 ' diode D 1 ' Power switch tube S 1 ' capacitance C 1 '、C 2 'A'; wherein the inductance L 1 One end is connected with a direct current input power supply V g Positive electrode, inductance L 1 The other end is respectively connected with a power switch tube S 1 ' drain, capacitance C 1 ' one end, capacitance C 1 ' the other end is respectively connected with an inductor L 2 ' one end, diode D 1 ' anode, diode D 1 ' cathode connection capacitor C 2 ' one end, inductance L 2 ' the other end is connected with a capacitor C 2 ' other end, power switch tube S 1 ' source connected to ground;
the 2 nd forward expansion unit comprises an inductance L 3 '、L 4 ' diode D 2 ' Power switch tube S 2 ' capacitance C 3 '、C 4 'A'; wherein the inductance L 3 One end is connected with a direct current input power supply V g Positive electrode, inductance L 3 The other end is respectively connected with a power switch tube S 2 ' drain, capacitance C 3 ' one end, capacitance C 3 ' the other end is respectively connected with an inductor L 4 ' one end, diode D 2 ' anode, diode D 2 ' cathode connection capacitor C 4 ' one end, inductance L 4 ' the other end is connected with a capacitor C 4 ' other end, power switch tube S 2 ' source connected to ground; … … and so on, can be extended to n reverse extension units:
the nth reverse expansion unit comprises an inductor L (2n-1) '、L 2n ' diode D n ' Power switch tube S n ' capacitance C (2n-1) '、C 2n 'A'; n is a natural number of 1,2,3,4 and …; wherein the inductance L (2n-1) One end is connected with a direct current input power supply V g Positive electrode, inductance L (2n-1) The other end is respectively connected with a power switch tube S n Drain electrode, capacitor C (2n-1) ' one end, capacitance C (2n-1) ' the other end is respectively connected with an inductor L 2n ' one end, diode D n ' anode, diode D n ' cathode connection capacitor C 2n ' one end, inductance L 2n ' the other end is connected with a capacitor C 2n ' other end, power switch tube S n ' Source connected to ground;
Capacitor C 0 The other end is connected with a capacitor C 2 ' connection relationship between one end, n reverse expansion units: inductance L 1 '、L 3 '……L (2n-1) ' one ends are all connected to a DC input power supply V g A positive electrode;
capacitor C 2 ' the other end is connected with a capacitor C 4 ' one end, … …, and so on, capacitor C 2n The other end of' is connected with a capacitor C (2n+2) ' one end.
The single-input high-reliability capacitance-current consistent Boost DC-DC converter and the power switch tube S 0 Power switch tube S 1 、S 2 ……S m And a power switch tube S 1 '、S 2 '……S n The grid electrodes are connected with the controller, the duty ratio of the grid electrodes can be changed between 0 and 1, and when any power switch tube in the forward expansion unit or any power switch tube in the reverse expansion unit is damaged, the whole circuit can continue to work normally.
The invention relates to a single-input high-reliability capacitance-current consistent Boost DC-DC converter, which has the following technical effects:
1) The voltage boosting and reducing can be realized at the same time, the input and output gains are high, and the output capacitors are connected in series and are in voltage equalizing. Inductance L 1 And L 3 The following is specific when the current of (a) is continuously conducted:
when the input is V g When the maximum input/output gain is:
Figure BDA0003235169590000031
the voltage stress of the switching tube is as follows:
Figure BDA0003235169590000032
the stress on each diode is:
Figure BDA0003235169590000041
wherein: d is duty cycle, u in1 For input voltage u o To output voltage u s1 And u s2 For the voltage stress of the power switching tube,
2) The input and output gains of the converter can be adjusted by adjusting the number of the forward expansion units or the number of the reverse expansion units. The converter has the characteristics of simple control and driving circuit, wide input and output voltage regulation range and high reliability.
3) When any power switch tube in the forward expansion unit or any power switch tube in the reverse expansion unit is damaged, the whole circuit can continue to work normally, and the power switch tube is suitable for outputting an input voltage and outputting a voltage with a larger variation range.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a conventional Boost converter circuit.
Fig. 3 is a circuit topology diagram of the present invention when the number of forward expansion units is 1 and the number of reverse expansion units is 1.
Fig. 4 is a graph showing the comparison between the input/output gain of the forward expansion unit number of 1 and the input/output gain of the reverse expansion unit number of 1 and the input/output gain of the conventional Boost converter.
Fig. 5 is a simulation diagram of an output waveform when the input voltage of the present invention is 30V, the number of forward expansion units is 1, and the number of reverse expansion units is 1, d=0.6.
Fig. 6 is a simulation diagram of an output waveform when the switching tube S1 is damaged when the input voltage of the present invention is 30V, the number of forward expansion units is 1, and the number of reverse expansion units is 1, and d=0.6.
Detailed Description
The circuit topology of the invention when the number of extension units m=1, n=1 is as shown in fig. 3:
a single-input high-reliability capacitive current-consistent Boost DC-DC converter, the converter comprising:
a basic Boost converter, 1 forward expansion unit, 1 reverse expansion unit;
the basic Boost converter comprises an inductance L 0 Capacitance C 0 Power switch tube S 0 Diode D 0 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the DC inputPower supply V g Positive electrode connection inductance L 0 One end of the inductor L 0 The other ends are respectively connected with a power switch tube S 0 Drain electrode, diode D 0 Anode, diode D 0 Cathode connection capacitor C 0 One end of the capacitor C 0 The other ends are respectively connected with a power switch tube S 0 Source, DC input power V g A negative electrode;
1 forward expansion unit comprises inductance L 1 、L 2 Diode D 1 Power switch tube S 1 Capacitance C 1 、C 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein the inductance L 1 One end is connected with a direct current input power supply V g Positive electrode, inductance L 1 The other ends are respectively connected with a power switch tube S 1 Drain electrode, capacitor C 1 One end of the capacitor C 1 The other end is connected with an inductor L 2 One end of diode D 1 Anode, diode D 1 Cathode connection capacitor C 2 One end of the inductor L 2 The other end is connected with a capacitor C 2 Another end, power switch tube S 1 The source electrode is connected with the grounding terminal.
Capacitor C 0 One end is connected with a capacitor C 2 The other end is provided with an inductance L of 1 forward expansion unit 1 One end is connected to a DC input power supply V g And a positive electrode.
1 reverse expansion unit comprises inductance L 1 '、L 2 ' diode D 1 ' Power switch tube S 1 ' capacitance C 1 '、C 2 'A'; wherein the inductance L 1 One end is connected with a direct current input power supply V g Positive electrode, inductance L 1 The other end is respectively connected with a power switch tube S 1 ' drain, capacitance C 1 ' one end, capacitance C 1 ' the other end is respectively connected with an inductor L 2 ' one end, diode D 1 ' anode, diode D 1 ' cathode connection capacitor C 2 ' one end, inductance L 2 ' the other end is connected with a capacitor C 2 ' other end, power switch tube S 1 ' source connected to ground;
capacitor C 0 The other end is connected with a capacitor C 2 ' one end, inductance L of 1 reverse expansion unit 1 ' connected to DC input powerSource V g And a positive electrode. One end of the load R is connected with the capacitor C 2 One end of the load R is connected with the capacitor C 2 ' the other end.
Power switch tube S 0 Power switch tube S 1 、S 2 ……S m And a power switch tube S 1 '、S 2 '……S n The gate is connected to a controller whose duty cycle may vary from 0 to 1. The switching-on and switching-off time of the power switch tube can be controlled by adjusting the duty ratio, and the output voltage level can be adjusted according to a voltage balance formula of the inductor.
According to the different power switch states, the circuit can be divided into 2 working states:
(1): when S is 1 、S 0 、S 1 ' turn on, diode D 1 、D 0 、D 1 ' all off; inductance L 1 、L 2 、L 0 、L 1 '、L 2 The' terminal voltage is shown as follows:
Figure BDA0003235169590000051
(2): when S is 1 、S 0 、S 1 ' turn off, diode D 1 、D 0 、D 1 ' all conducting; inductance L 1 、L 2 、L 0 、L 1 '、L 2 The' terminal voltage is shown as follows:
Figure BDA0003235169590000061
from the duty cycle of the controller connected to the gate of the power switch, the voltage level across each capacitor can be derived as follows:
Figure BDA0003235169590000062
fig. 4 is a graph showing the comparison between the input/output gain of the forward expansion unit number of 1 and the input/output gain of the reverse expansion unit number of 1 and the input/output gain of the conventional Zeta-converter. As can be seen from fig. 4, the converter according to the present invention has a gain three times that of the conventional converter when the duty ratio is the same.
Fig. 5 is a simulation diagram of the output waveform of the present invention when the input voltage is 30V, the number of forward expansion units is 1, and the number of reverse expansion units is 1, and d=0.6, and the simulation verifies the feasibility of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a simulation diagram of an output waveform when the switching tube S1 is damaged when the input voltage of the invention is 30V, the number of forward expansion units is 1, and the number of reverse expansion units is 1, and d=0.6, so that the reliability of the invention is verified through simulation.

Claims (3)

1. A single-input high-reliability capacitance-current consistent Boost DC-DC converter is characterized in that the converter comprises: a basic Boost converter, m forward expansion units, n reverse expansion units;
the basic Boost converter comprises an inductance L 0 Capacitance C 0 Power switch tube S 0 Diode D 0
DC input power V g Positive electrode connection inductance L 0 One end of the inductor L 0 The other ends are respectively connected with a power switch tube S 0 Drain electrode, diode D 0 Anode, diode D 0 Cathode connection capacitor C 0 One end of the capacitor C 0 The other ends are respectively connected with a power switch tube S 0 Source, DC input power V g A negative electrode;
m forward expansion units:
the 1 st forward expansion unit comprises an inductance L 1 、L 2 Diode D 1 Power switch tube S 1 Capacitance C 1 、C 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein the inductance L 1 One end is connected with a direct current input power supply V g Positive electrode, inductance L 1 The other ends are respectively connected with a power switch tube S 1 Drain electrode, capacitor C 1 One end of the capacitor C 1 The other end is connected with an inductor L 2 One end of diode D 1 Anode, diode D 1 Cathode connection capacitor C 2 One end is provided withInductance L 2 The other end is connected with a capacitor C 2 Another end, power switch tube S 1 The source electrode is connected with the grounding end;
the 2 nd forward expansion unit comprises an inductance L 3 、L 4 Diode D 2 Power switch tube S 2 Capacitance C 3 、C 4 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein the inductance L 3 One end is connected with a direct current input power supply V g Positive electrode, inductance L 3 The other ends are respectively connected with a power switch tube S 2 Drain electrode, capacitor C 3 One end of the capacitor C 3 The other end is connected with an inductor L 4 One end of diode D 2 Anode, diode D 2 Cathode connection capacitor C 4 One end of the inductor L 4 The other end is connected with a capacitor C 4 Another end, power switch tube S 2 The source electrode is connected with the grounding end;
… … and so on, can be extended to m forward extension units:
the mth forward expansion unit comprises an inductance L (2m-1) 、L 2m Diode D m Power switch tube S m Capacitance C (2m-1) 、C 2m The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the m is a natural number of 1,2,3,4 and …; wherein the inductance L (2m-1) One end is connected with a direct current input power supply V g Positive electrode, inductance L (2m-1) The other ends are respectively connected with a power switch tube S m Drain electrode, capacitor C (2m-1) One end of the capacitor C (2m-1) The other end is connected with an inductor L 2m One end of diode D m Anode, diode D m Cathode connection capacitor C 2m One end of the inductor L 2m The other end is connected with a capacitor C 2m Another end, power switch tube S m The source electrode is connected with the grounding end;
capacitor C 0 One end is connected with a capacitor C 2 The connection relationship between the m forward expansion units is as follows:
inductance L 1 、L 3 ……L (2m-1) One end is connected together; capacitor C 2 One end is connected with a capacitor C 4 The other end, … … and so on, capacitance C 2m One end is connected with a capacitor C (2m+2) The other end;
n reverse expansion units:
the 1 st reverse expansion unit comprises an inductance L 1 '、L 2 ' diode D 1 ' Power switch tube S 1 ' capacitance C 1 '、C 2 'A'; wherein the inductance L 1 One end is connected with a direct current input power supply V g Positive electrode, inductance L 1 The other end is respectively connected with a power switch tube S 1 ' drain, capacitance C 1 ' one end, capacitance C 1 ' the other end is respectively connected with an inductor L 2 ' one end, diode D 1 ' anode, diode D 1 ' cathode connection capacitor C 2 ' one end, inductance L 2 ' the other end is connected with a capacitor C 2 ' other end, power switch tube S 1 ' source connected to ground;
the 2 nd forward expansion unit comprises an inductance L 3 '、L 4 ' diode D 2 ' Power switch tube S 2 ' capacitance C 3 '、C 4 'A'; wherein the inductance L 3 One end is connected with a direct current input power supply V g Positive electrode, inductance L 3 The other end is respectively connected with a power switch tube S 2 ' drain, capacitance C 3 ' one end, capacitance C 3 ' the other end is respectively connected with an inductor L 4 ' one end, diode D 2 ' anode, diode D 2 ' cathode connection capacitor C 4 ' one end, inductance L 4 ' the other end is connected with a capacitor C 4 ' other end, power switch tube S 2 ' source connected to ground; … … and so on, can be extended to n reverse extension units:
the nth reverse expansion unit comprises an inductor L (2n-1) '、L 2n ' diode D n ' Power switch tube S n ' capacitance C (2n-1) '、C 2n 'A'; n is a natural number of 1,2,3,4 and …; wherein the inductance L (2n-1) One end is connected with a direct current input power supply V g Positive electrode, inductance L (2n-1) The other end is respectively connected with a power switch tube S n Drain electrode, capacitor C (2n-1) ' one end, capacitance C (2n-1) ' the other end is respectively connected with an inductor L 2n ' one end, diode D n ' anode, diode D n ' cathode connectionCapacitance C 2n ' one end, inductance L 2n ' the other end is connected with a capacitor C 2n ' other end, power switch tube S n ' source connected to ground;
capacitor C 0 The other end is connected with a capacitor C 2 ' connection relationship between one end, n reverse expansion units: inductance L 1 '、L 3 '……L (2n-1) ' one ends are all connected to a DC input power supply V g A positive electrode;
capacitor C 2 ' the other end is connected with a capacitor C 4 ' one end, … …, and so on, capacitor C 2n The other end of' is connected with a capacitor C (2n+2) ' one end.
2. The single-input high-reliability capacitive current consistent Boost DC-DC converter of claim 1, wherein: power switch tube S 0 Power switch tube S 1 、S 2 ……S m And a power switch tube S 1 '、S 2 '……S n The duty ratio of the grid connection controller can be changed between 0 and 1, and when any power switch tube in the forward expansion unit or any power switch tube in the reverse expansion unit is damaged, the whole circuit can continue to work normally.
3. A single-input high-reliability capacitive current consistent Boost DC-DC converter as claimed in claim 1 or 2 wherein: when the forward expansion unit and the reverse expansion unit are 1, the circuit can be divided into 2 working states according to different power switch states:
(1): when S is 1 、S 0 、S 1 ' turn on, diode D 1 、D 0 、D 1 ' all off; inductance L 1 、L 2 、L 0 、L 1 '、L 2 The' terminal voltage is shown as follows:
Figure FDA0004201587670000031
(2): when S is 1 、S 0 、S 1 ' turn off, diode D 1 、D 0 、D 1 ' all conducting; inductance L 1 、L 2 、L 0 、L 1 '、L 2 The' terminal voltage is shown as follows:
Figure FDA0004201587670000032
from the duty cycle of the controller connected to the gate of the power switch, the voltage level across each capacitor can be derived as follows:
Figure FDA0004201587670000033
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