CN113456608B - Arabic gum hollow nano-capsule as well as preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Arabic gum hollow nano-capsule as well as preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN113456608B
CN113456608B CN202110774992.3A CN202110774992A CN113456608B CN 113456608 B CN113456608 B CN 113456608B CN 202110774992 A CN202110774992 A CN 202110774992A CN 113456608 B CN113456608 B CN 113456608B
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cyclodextrin
solution
hollow
gum
acacia
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CN113456608A (en
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邱超
王金鹏
林倩竹
王晨曦
金征宇
胡瑶
焦爱权
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Jiangnan University
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    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/48—Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
    • A61K9/4816—Wall or shell material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61K47/30—Macromolecular organic or inorganic compounds, e.g. inorganic polyphosphates
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Abstract

The invention discloses a Arabic gum hollow capsule, and a preparation method thereof comprises the following steps: (1) preparing a gum arabic solution; (2) dissolving cyclodextrin in potassium hydroxide solution, adding starch, dispersing, filtering, keeping the temperature, adding ethanol, and keeping the temperature to obtain cyclodextrin metal frame solution; (3) and (3) dropwise adding the cyclodextrin metal frame solution prepared in the step (2) into the Arabic gum solution prepared in the step (1), mixing, adding enzyme for hydrolysis, adding ethanol for centrifugation, and drying to obtain the Arabic gum hollow nanocapsule. The acacia gum hollow capsule prepared by the invention adopts the biological base material cyclodextrin as a template, has good compatibility, does not need strong reaction conditions, is safer and greener, has higher loading capacity on active ingredients, and can be used as a nano carrier of polyphenol active ingredients or medicines.

Description

Arabic gum hollow nano-capsule as well as preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of nano material preparation, and in particular relates to a Arabic gum hollow nano capsule as well as a preparation method and application thereof
Background
In recent years, hollow nanocapsules as a nanocarrier for loading and controlling the release of active ingredients have received extensive attention and research to improve the stability and bioavailability of active ingredients. At present, the preparation of the hollow nanocapsule mostly adopts metal or metal oxide nanoparticles as a template, violent reaction conditions such as strong acid, strong alkali and the like are usually required when the template is removed, and the biocompatibility of the metal or metal oxide nanoparticles is poor, so that the metal or metal oxide nanoparticles can cause potential threat to human health after being left in human body. Therefore, the hollow nano-carrier is prepared by adopting the bio-based material as the template through a simple, safe and pollution-free method, and has wider application prospect in the fields of food, medicine, cosmetics and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for preparing a Arabic gum nano hollow capsule by using a cyclodextrin metal organic framework as a template and application thereof. The invention adopts natural and safe alkaline metal potassium ions as the linkage ions of the framework, prepares the cyclodextrin metal organic framework by a crystal seed induction method, and prepares the hollow nanocapsule by taking the cyclodextrin metal organic framework as a template, and the prepared nano hollow capsule has higher loading capacity on active ingredients and is used as a nano carrier of polyphenol active ingredients or medicaments.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the preparation method of the hollow nano capsules of Arabic gum comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a gum arabic solution;
(2) dissolving cyclodextrin in potassium hydroxide solution, adding starch, dispersing, filtering, collecting filtrate, keeping the temperature, adding ethanol again, and keeping the temperature to obtain cyclodextrin metal frame solution;
(3) and (3) dropwise adding the cyclodextrin metal framework solution prepared in the step (2) into the Arabic gum solution prepared in the step (1), mixing, adding enzyme for hydrolysis, adding ethanol into the hydrolyzed solution, centrifuging, collecting the lower-layer precipitate, adding ethanol again, centrifuging, and drying to obtain the Arabic gum hollow nano-capsule.
Further, the mass concentration of the arabic gum in the arabic gum solution in the step (1) is 0.1-0.5%.
Further, in the step (2), the cyclodextrin has a purity of more than 99%; the cyclodextrin is one or more of alpha-cyclodextrin, beta-cyclodextrin and gamma-cyclodextrin; the molar concentration of potassium hydroxide in the potassium hydroxide solution is 8-40 mM; the molar ratio of the cyclodextrin to the potassium hydroxide is 1: 8-12.
Further, in the step (2), the starch is one or more of debranched corn starch, tapioca starch, potato starch and pea starch; the mass ratio of the starch to the cyclodextrin is 1: 15-30.
Further, in the step (2), ultrasonic dispersion is used for 5-10 min; the filtration is a water system membrane passing through 0.22-0.45 mu m; and the heat preservation is carried out for 1-6 h at 50-60 ℃.
Further, in the step (2), the ethanol is absolute ethanol, and the total volume of the two additions is 25-105 mL.
Further, in the step (3), the dropping speed is 0.1-1 mL/min; the mass ratio of the Arabic gum solution to the cyclodextrin metal framework solution is 0.3-1.3: 1; the mixing time is 10-30 min.
Further, in the step (3), the enzyme is cyclodextrin glucose transferase, the enzyme activity is 2000U/mL, and the dosage is 0.3-1.0 mL; the hydrolysis temperature is 20-50 ℃, and the hydrolysis time is 10-30 min.
Further, in the step (3), the ethanol is absolute ethanol, and the using amount of the absolute ethanol is 2-4 times of the volume of the solution after the hydrolysis; the centrifugation speed is 3000-5000 r/min, and the centrifugation time is 10-30 min; the drying is vacuum drying, the temperature is 45-60 ℃, and the time is 24-48 h.
The application of the Arabic hollow nanocapsules is to embed phenolic substances.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) The invention adopts the biological base material cyclodextrin as the template, has good compatibility, does not need strong reaction conditions, and is safer and more green.
(2) The invention adopts a seed crystal induction method, the addition of the seed crystal plays a role of a crystallization promoter, and after the seed crystal is introduced, cyclodextrin molecules and hydroxyl groups of the seed crystal interact with each other to enable the cyclodextrin molecules to be easily adsorbed on the surface of the crystal, so that crystal nuclei are formed more quickly, a cyclodextrin metal organic framework with smaller particle size is prepared, the cyclodextrin metal organic framework with controllable particle size is prepared by controlling the growth time of the particles, the size of the hollow nanocapsule is further controlled, and the application of the nanocapsule in different fields can be realized.
(3) The metal organic framework formed by the seed crystal induction method of cyclodextrin is a material with high specific surface area and high porosity, is easy to hydrolyze by taking the metal organic framework as a template, has mild reaction conditions, and is easy to obtain the hollow nanocapsule.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the average particle size and PDI of the hollow nano-capsules of gum arabic prepared in examples 1 to 3 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a TEM image of the acacia gum hollow nanocapsules prepared in example 1 of the present invention and the cyclodextrin metal-organic framework prepared in comparative example 2.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
The preparation method of the Arabic gum hollow nano-capsule comprises the following steps:
(1) deionized water is used for preparing 0.1 percent acacia gum solution for standby.
(2) Preparing 10mL of 40mM potassium hydroxide solution, weighing 4mM of gamma-cyclodextrin with the purity of 99.9 percent, adding the gamma-cyclodextrin into the potassium hydroxide solution, enabling the molar ratio of the cyclodextrin to the potassium hydroxide solution to be 1:10, placing the mixed solution into a water bath at 50 ℃, adding 3.4mg of debranched corn starch nanoparticles with the average particle size of 100nm into the mixed solution to serve as seed crystals, conducting ultrasonic dispersion for 5min to enable the seed crystals to be uniformly dispersed, passing through a 0.45 mu m water-based membrane, collecting filtrate, preserving heat at 50 ℃ for 1h, slowly diffusing 5mL of absolute ethyl alcohol into the solution by using a peristaltic pump, conducting heat preservation culture at 50 ℃ for 1h, then slowly adding 20mL of absolute ethyl alcohol into the solution by using the peristaltic pump, conducting culture for 1h, and obtaining the cyclodextrin metal framework solution.
(3) And (3) dropwise adding the cyclodextrin metal framework solution obtained in the step (2) into the acacia gum solution prepared in the step (1) at a speed of 1mL/min to enable the mass ratio of the acacia gum solution to the cyclodextrin solution to be 0.3:1, mixing for 10min, adding 1.0mL of cyclodextrin glucose transferase (CGTase) (enzyme activity 2000U) to hydrolyze for 10min at 50 ℃, adding 136mL of absolute ethyl alcohol (the amount of the absolute ethyl alcohol is 3 times of the volume of the hydrolyzed solution) into the hydrolyzed solution, centrifuging for 30min at 3000r/min, collecting precipitates, adding 136mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, centrifuging for 30min at the same speed again, collecting the precipitates, and drying for 24h under vacuum at 45 ℃ to obtain the hollow acacia gum nano capsule.
Example 2
A preparation method of the Arabic gum hollow capsule comprises the following steps:
(1) deionized water is used for preparing 0.1 percent acacia gum solution for standby.
(2) Preparing 10mL of 40mM potassium hydroxide solution, weighing 5mM of gamma-cyclodextrin with the purity of 99.9%, adding the gamma-cyclodextrin into the potassium hydroxide solution, enabling the molar ratio of the cyclodextrin to the potassium hydroxide solution to be 1:8, mixing, dissolving in a water bath at 50 ℃, adding 3mg of debranched corn starch nanoparticles with the average particle size of 100nm into the mixed solution to serve as seed crystals, conducting ultrasonic dispersion for 5min to enable the corn starch nanoparticles to be uniformly dispersed, passing through a 0.45-micron water system membrane, collecting filtrate, conducting heat preservation at 50 ℃ for 1h, slowly diffusing 5mL of absolute ethyl alcohol into the solution by using a peristaltic pump, conducting heat preservation culture at 50 ℃ for 1h, then slowly adding 40mL of absolute ethyl alcohol into the solution by using the peristaltic pump, conducting culture for 3h, and obtaining the cyclodextrin metal frame solution.
(3) And (3) dropwise adding the cyclodextrin metal framework solution obtained in the step (2) into the acacia gum solution prepared in the step (1) at a speed of 1mL/min to enable the mass ratio of the acacia gum solution to the cyclodextrin solution to be 0.5:1, mixing for 10min, adding 0.5mL of cyclodextrin glucose transferase (CGTase) (enzyme activity is 2000U/mL) into the solution, hydrolyzing for 30min at 20 ℃, adding 135mL of absolute ethyl alcohol into the hydrolyzed solution (the dosage of the absolute ethyl alcohol is 2 times of the volume of the hydrolyzed solution), centrifuging for 20min at 4000r/min, collecting precipitates, adding 135mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, centrifuging for 20min at the same speed again, collecting the precipitates, and drying for 48h at 60 ℃ in vacuum to obtain the acacia gum hollow nanocapsules.
Example 3
A preparation method of the Arabic gum hollow capsule comprises the following steps:
(1) deionized water is used for preparing a gum arabic solution with the mass concentration of 0.1% for standby.
(2) Preparing 20mM potassium hydroxide solution, weighing 2.5mM gamma-cyclodextrin with the purity of 99.9%, and adding the gamma-cyclodextrin into the potassium hydroxide solution to ensure that the molar ratio of the cyclodextrin to the potassium hydroxide solution is 1: 8. Dissolving the mixture in a water bath at 50 ℃, adding 2mg of debranched corn starch nanoparticles with the average particle size of 100nm into the mixed solution as seed crystals, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 5min to uniformly disperse the debranched corn starch nanoparticles, passing through a 0.45-micron water system membrane, collecting filtrate, performing heat preservation at 50 ℃ for 1h, slowly diffusing the debranched corn starch nanoparticles into the solution by using a peristaltic pump 5mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, performing heat preservation culture at 50 ℃ for 1h, and slowly adding 40mL of absolute ethyl alcohol into the solution by using the peristaltic pump to perform culture for 6h to obtain the cyclodextrin metal framework solution.
(3) Dropwise adding the cyclodextrin metal framework solution obtained in the step (2) into the acacia gum solution prepared in the step (1) at a speed of 0.5mL/min, enabling the mass ratio of the acacia gum solution to the cyclodextrin solution to be 0.3:1, carrying out mixed coating treatment for 10min, adding 0.3mL of cyclodextrin glucose transferase (CGTase) (enzyme activity 2000U/mL) into the solution at 50 ℃, hydrolyzing for 10min, adding 215mL of absolute ethyl alcohol into the hydrolyzed solution (the dosage of the absolute ethyl alcohol is 3 times of the volume of the hydrolyzed solution), centrifuging for 20min at 5000r/min, collecting precipitates, adding 215mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, centrifuging for 20min at the same speed again, collecting the precipitates, and carrying out vacuum drying at 50 ℃ for 36h to obtain the hollow acacia gum nanocapsule.
Example 4
A preparation method of the Arabic gum hollow capsule comprises the following steps:
(1) deionized water is used for preparing a gum arabic solution with the mass concentration of 0.3% for standby.
(2) Preparing 20mM potassium hydroxide solution, weighing 2mM beta-cyclodextrin with the purity of 99.9 percent, and adding the beta-cyclodextrin into the potassium hydroxide solution to ensure that the molar ratio of the cyclodextrin to the potassium hydroxide solution is 1: 10. Dissolving the mixture in a water bath at 50 ℃, adding 1.5mg of cassava starch nanoparticles with the average particle size of 100nm into the mixed solution as seed crystals, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 5min to uniformly disperse the seed crystals, passing through a 0.45-micron water system membrane, collecting filtrate, performing heat preservation for 1h at 50 ℃, slowly diffusing 5mL of absolute ethyl alcohol into the solution by using a peristaltic pump, performing heat preservation culture for 1h at 50 ℃, and slowly adding 100mL of absolute ethyl alcohol into the solution by using the peristaltic pump to perform culture for 3h to obtain the cyclodextrin metal framework solution.
(3) And (3) dropwise adding the cyclodextrin metal framework solution obtained in the step (2) into the acacia gum solution prepared in the step (1) at a speed of 0.1mL/min, enabling the mass ratio of the acacia gum solution to the cyclodextrin solution to be 0.8:1, mixing for 10min, adding 0.8mL of cyclodextrin glucose transferase (CGTase) (enzyme activity is 2000U/mL) into the solution at 40 ℃, hydrolyzing for 20min, adding 828mL of absolute ethyl alcohol into the hydrolyzed solution (the dosage of the absolute ethyl alcohol is 4 times of the volume of the hydrolyzed solution), centrifuging for 10min at 5000r/min, collecting precipitates, adding 828mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, centrifuging for 10min at the same speed again, collecting the precipitates, and drying at 50 ℃ in vacuum for 36h to obtain the acacia gum hollow nanocapsules.
Example 5
A preparation method of the Arabic gum hollow capsule comprises the following steps:
(1) deionized water is used for preparing 0.5 percent acacia gum solution for standby.
(2) 10mL of potassium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 40mM is prepared, 5mM of alpha-cyclodextrin with the purity of 99.9% is weighed and added into the potassium hydroxide solution, and the molar ratio of the cyclodextrin to the potassium hydroxide solution is 1: 8. Dissolving the mixture in a water bath at 60 ℃, adding 1.6mg of pea starch nanoparticles with the average particle size of 100nm into the mixed solution as seed crystals, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 8min to uniformly disperse the pea starch nanoparticles, passing through a 0.25-micron water system membrane, collecting filtrate, performing heat preservation for 2h at 60 ℃, using a peristaltic pump to slowly diffuse 5mL of absolute ethanol into the solution at the speed of 1mL/min, performing heat preservation culture for 2h at 60 ℃, and then slowly adding 50mL of absolute ethanol into the solution through the peristaltic pump to perform culture for 1h to obtain the cyclodextrin metal framework solution.
(3) And (3) dropwise adding the cyclodextrin metal framework solution obtained in the step (2) into the gum arabic solution prepared in the step (1) at a speed of 0.5mL/min, enabling the mass ratio of the gum arabic solution to the cyclodextrin solution to be 1:1, mixing for 20min, adding 0.5mL of cyclodextrin glucose transferase (CGTase) (enzyme activity is 2000U/mL) into the gum arabic solution, hydrolyzing for 20min at 30 ℃, adding 300mL of absolute ethyl alcohol (the dosage of the absolute ethyl alcohol is 2.3 times of the volume of the hydrolyzed solution) into the hydrolyzed solution, centrifuging for 20min at 4000r/min, collecting precipitates, adding 300mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, centrifuging for 20min at the same speed again, collecting the precipitates, and drying at 55 ℃ for 36h in vacuum to obtain the gum arabic hollow nanocapsules.
Example 6
A preparation method of the Arabic gum hollow capsule comprises the following steps:
(1) deionized water is used for preparing 0.3 percent acacia gum solution for standby.
(2) 10mL of potassium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 40mM is prepared, 3.3mM of gamma-cyclodextrin with the purity of 99.9% is weighed and added into the potassium hydroxide solution, and the molar ratio of the cyclodextrin to the potassium hydroxide solution is 1: 12. Dissolving the mixture in a water bath at 55 ℃, adding 2.1mg of pea starch nanoparticles with the average particle size of 100nm into the mixed solution as seed crystals, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 10min to uniformly disperse the pea starch nanoparticles, passing through a 0.22-micron water system membrane, collecting filtrate, performing heat preservation for 6h at 55 ℃, using a peristaltic pump to slowly diffuse 5mL of absolute ethanol into the solution at the speed of 1mL/min, performing heat preservation culture for 6h at 55 ℃, and then slowly adding 60mL of absolute ethanol into the solution through the peristaltic pump to perform culture for 6h to obtain the cyclodextrin metal framework solution.
(3) Dropwise adding the cyclodextrin metal framework solution obtained in the step (2) into the acacia gum solution prepared in the step (1) at a speed of 0.1mL/min to enable the mass ratio of the acacia gum solution to the cyclodextrin solution to be 1.3:1, mixing for 30min, adding 0.6mL of cyclodextrin glucose transferase (CGTase) (enzyme activity 2000U) to hydrolyze for 10min at 40 ℃, adding 345mL of absolute ethyl alcohol (the amount of the absolute ethyl alcohol is 4 times of the volume of the hydrolyzed solution) into the hydrolyzed solution, centrifuging for 20min at 3500r/min, collecting precipitates, adding 345mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, centrifuging for 20min at the same speed again, collecting the precipitates, and drying for 48h under vacuum at 50 ℃ to obtain the acacia gum hollow nanocapsules.
Comparative example 1
Cyclodextrin was commercially available at > 99% purity from Sigma, USA.
Comparative example 2
10mL of potassium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 40mM is prepared, 52mg of gamma-cyclodextrin with the purity of 99.9% is weighed and added into the potassium hydroxide solution, and the molar concentration of the cyclodextrin in the potassium hydroxide solution is 4 mM. Dissolving the mixture in a water bath at 50 ℃, adding 3mg of debranched corn starch nanoparticles with the average particle size of 100nm into the mixed solution as seed crystals, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 5min to uniformly disperse the debranched corn starch nanoparticles, passing the debranched corn starch nanoparticles through a 0.45-micron water system membrane, collecting filtrate, performing heat preservation at 50 ℃ for 1h, slowly diffusing 5mL of absolute ethyl alcohol into the solution by using a peristaltic pump, performing heat preservation culture at 50 ℃ for 1h, slowly adding 20mL of ethyl alcohol into the solution by using the peristaltic pump, performing heat preservation culture for 1h, and performing vacuum drying at 50 ℃ to obtain a cyclodextrin metal framework solution.
Test example:
particle size and dispersion index (PDI) of the acacia hollow nanocapsule samples prepared in examples 1-3 were determined by marvin Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS). FIG. 1 shows that the particle size of the hollow nano-capsules of Arabic gum obtained in examples 1-3 is 93-173 nm, and the PDI is small, which indicates that the prepared hollow nano-capsules of Arabic gum have good dispersibility.
The appearance of the sample was observed by a Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), and the result is shown in fig. 2, wherein a picture a is the cyclodextrin metal-organic framework prepared in comparative example 2, and an obvious aggregation phenomenon can be observed. And the B picture is the Arabic gum hollow nano-capsule prepared in the example 1, and the prepared hollow capsule is circular and has good dispersibility.
Testing the embedding performance of the salvianolic acid:
salvianolic acid was encapsulated in the hollow nano capsules of gum arabic prepared in examples 1 to 3, and the encapsulation ratio, the loading amount, and the like were measured.
Firstly, 5mg/mL of salvianolic acid B solution is prepared, then 100mg of Arabic gum nano hollow capsules are added into the salvianolic acid B solution, and a magnetic stirrer is used for stirring at 50 ℃ for different times at a constant speed of 200 r/min. Measuring the content of free salvianolic acid B by a spectrophotometer method, thereby calculating the embedding rate and the loading capacity of the gum arabic to the salvianolic acid B, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0003154460520000071
Figure BDA0003154460520000072
the measured embedding rate and loading capacity of the salvianolic acid B in the acacia gum hollow nano-capsules are shown in table 1, and the results show that compared with the cyclodextrin which is only used in the comparative example 1, the embedding rate and the loading rate are obviously improved, which indicates that the acacia gum hollow nano-capsules have stronger capacity of loading active ingredients, and compared with the existing reported acacia gum hollow nano-spheres (CN201710099099.9) (the embedding rate is less than 70 percent), the nano-capsules have higher embedding rate and are suitable for nano-carriers.
TABLE 1
Embedding Rate (%) Load (%)
Example 1 73.5±2.9 19.6±0.3
Example 2 82.9±3.7 21.7±0.7
Example 3 89.3±2.5 25.9±0.4
Comparative example 1 47.3±3.1 12.7±3.3
Comparative example 2 67.3±2.9 17.9±4.2
The specific surface area and the pore size of the acacia hollow nanocapsule samples prepared in examples 1 to 3 were measured by a physical adsorption apparatus. The sample to be tested is degassed at 80 ℃ for 24h, nitrogen is used as an adsorbent, and the test temperature is-196 ℃. The BET specific surface area, Langmuir specific surface area and pore diameter parameters of the cyclodextrin organic framework are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2
Figure BDA0003154460520000081
As can be seen from table 2, the acacia nanoempty capsules prepared herein have a higher specific surface area and smaller pore size, which are advantageous for adsorption of active ingredients, compared to the commercial cyclodextrin of comparative example 1 and the cyclodextrin metal-organic framework of comparative example 2.
Testing the embedding performance of the resveratrol:
the hollow nano capsules of Arabic gum prepared in examples 1 to 3 were used for embedding resveratrol, and the embedding rate, loading amount, and the like were measured.
Firstly, 5mg/mL of resveratrol solution is prepared, then 100mg of Arabic gum nano hollow capsules are added into the resveratrol solution, and a magnetic stirrer is used for stirring at a constant speed of 200r/min at 50 ℃ for 6 h. The test and the calculation method of the embedding rate and the loading capacity are the same as the salvianolic acid embedding performance test. The test results are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3
Sample (I) Embedding Rate (%) Load (%)
Example 1 82.6±3.1 20.1±0.65
Example 2 88.2±4.3 22.1±0.43
Example 3 89.8±3.6 25.1±0.48
Comparative example 1 65.5±2.2 18.0±0.31
Comparative example 2 72.3±4.9 19.7±1.3
From table 3, it can be seen that the embedding rate and loading capacity of the hollow nanocapsule are significantly higher than those of the single cyclodextrin, which indicates that the prepared nano hollow is suitable for loading active ingredients.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (7)

1. The Arabic gum hollow nanocapsule is characterized in that the preparation method of the Arabic gum hollow nanocapsule comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a gum arabic solution;
(2) dissolving cyclodextrin in potassium hydroxide solution, adding starch, dispersing, filtering, collecting filtrate, keeping the temperature, adding ethanol again, and keeping the temperature to obtain cyclodextrin metal frame solution;
(3) dropwise adding the cyclodextrin metal framework solution prepared in the step (2) into the Arabic gum solution prepared in the step (1), mixing, adding enzyme for hydrolysis, adding ethanol into the hydrolyzed solution, centrifuging, collecting lower-layer precipitates, adding ethanol again, centrifuging, and drying to obtain Arabic gum hollow nanocapsules;
In the step (3), the enzyme is cyclodextrin glucose transferase, the enzyme activity is 2000U/mL, and the dosage is 0.3-1.0 mL; the hydrolysis temperature is 20-50 ℃, and the hydrolysis time is 10-30 min;
in the step (2), the starch is one or more of debranched corn starch, tapioca starch, potato starch and pea starch; the mass ratio of the starch to the cyclodextrin is 1: 15-30.
2. The acacia hollow nanocapsule of claim 1, wherein in step (1), the mass concentration of acacia gum in the acacia gum solution is 0.1-0.5%.
3. The acacia hollow nanocapsule of claim 1, wherein in step (2), the cyclodextrin is more than 99% pure; the cyclodextrin is one or more of alpha-cyclodextrin, beta-cyclodextrin and gamma-cyclodextrin; the molar concentration of potassium hydroxide in the potassium hydroxide solution is 8-40 mM; the molar ratio of the cyclodextrin to the potassium hydroxide is 1: 8-12.
4. The acacia hollow nanocapsule of claim 1, wherein in step (2), the dispersion is dispersion using ultrasound for 5-10 min; the filtration is a water system membrane passing through 0.22-0.45 mu m; the heat preservation is carried out for 1-6 h at 50-60 ℃.
5. The acacia hollow nanocapsule of claim 1, wherein in step (2), the ethanol is absolute ethanol, and the total volume of the two additions is 25-105 mL.
6. The hollow nano capsules of arabic gum according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the dropping speed is 0.1 to 1 mL/min; the mass ratio of the Arabic gum solution to the cyclodextrin metal framework solution is 0.3-1.3: 1; the mixing time is 10-30 min.
7. The acacia hollow nanocapsule of claim 1, wherein in step (3), the ethanol is absolute ethanol in an amount of 2-4 times the volume of the hydrolyzed solution; the centrifugation speed is 3000-5000 r/min, and the centrifugation time is 10-30 min; the drying is vacuum drying, the temperature is 45-60 ℃, and the time is 24-48 h.
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