CN113106512A - Surface modification method of titanium substrate for fuel cell - Google Patents
Surface modification method of titanium substrate for fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN113106512A CN113106512A CN202110454720.5A CN202110454720A CN113106512A CN 113106512 A CN113106512 A CN 113106512A CN 202110454720 A CN202110454720 A CN 202110454720A CN 113106512 A CN113106512 A CN 113106512A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D7/00—Electroplating characterised by the article coated
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/66—Electroplating: Baths therefor from melts
- C25D3/665—Electroplating: Baths therefor from melts from ionic liquids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/34—Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated
- C25D5/38—Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated of refractory metals or nickel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D9/00—Electrolytic coating other than with metals
- C25D9/04—Electrolytic coating other than with metals with inorganic materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0206—Metals or alloys
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0223—Composites
- H01M8/0228—Composites in the form of layered or coated products
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The invention relates to a surface modification method of a titanium substrate for a fuel cell, which comprises the following steps: sequentially carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the titanium substrate in alkali liquor, acid liquor, deionized water and an organic solvent, drying the titanium substrate and then placing the titanium substrate into a vacuum box; in acidic AlCl3In BMIC ionic liquid, taking a treated titanium substrate as an anode, aluminum as a counter electrode and platinum as a reference electrode, activating the anode, washing with an organic solvent and drying; in [ BMIM ]]BF4‑CuCl2In ionic liquidTaking the activated titanium substrate as a cathode and copper as an anode to carry out electro-deposition copper plating; and depositing graphene oxide on the titanium substrate after copper plating in a KCl solution containing graphene. According to the invention, the titanium substrate is treated by adopting an anodic activation technology, so that an oxide film on the titanium surface can be effectively removed, and a fresh titanium surface is obtained; the titanium substrate is pre-plated with a compact copper coating, so that the surface of the activated titanium is protected, and the binding force between the substrate and a subsequent graphene coating is ensured; the surface modification is carried out on the titanium substrate by adopting the mode of electro-deposition coating, and the process is simple and easy to operate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a surface modification method of a titanium substrate for a fuel cell.
Background
A Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) is a device for converting chemical energy in hydrogen fuel and oxidant into electric energy, and its product is only water, so that it has the advantages of high energy conversion efficiency, no pollution, long service life and high power density, and has become a research hotspot in the battery energy storage technology direction at present.
The bipolar plate, one of the key components of the PEMFC, has functions of collecting and conducting current, separating fuel and oxide, transporting gas, transferring heat, and supporting a stack, which requires the plate to have good thermal and electrical conductivity, excellent acid corrosion resistance, and high mechanical strength. Commonly used bipolar plates include graphite bipolar plates, metal bipolar plates, and composite bipolar plates. The main base material of the metal bipolar plate is stainless steel, aluminum base or titanium base, and compared with the stainless steel and aluminum base metal plates, the titanium base metal plate has better corrosion resistance but poorer electrical conductivity, so the metal bipolar plate needs to be modified to meet the service requirement of the metal bipolar plate in the PEMFC. At present, the main modification method is to prepare a coating on the surface of a substrate, including a noble metal (gold, silver, platinum) coating, a metal nitride coating, a carbon-based coating, and the like.
At present, the titanium substrate is mostly pretreated by mechanical polishing or chemical polishing, for example: the patent CN111370722A adopts a mechanical polishing mode to carry out pretreatment on a titanium substrate, and a chromium-nitrogen coating is deposited on the titanium substrate in a PVD mode; patent CN111244493A adopts a chemical polishing method to perform pretreatment, and then deposits non-noble metal such as Nb on the surface of the titanium substrate by arc ion plating. However, after mechanical polishing, the surface of the base material is easy to leave deep scratches, and the abrasive paper component is easy to remain on the surface of the base body; the reaction of chemical polishing treatment is difficult to control and over-corrosion is easy to occur; both of these approaches are detrimental to uniform deposition of the subsequent coating and good bonding to the substrate.
At present, the preparation method of the titanium substrate surface coating mainly comprises arc plating, magnetron sputtering, physical or chemical vapor deposition, for example: patent CN106654315B adopts a titanium bipolar plate as a substrate, and uses a magnetron sputtering apparatus and method to sequentially deposit a nickel layer or a nickel-chromium layer, a first gold layer, a first graphene layer, a second gold layer and a second graphene layer on the surface of the titanium bipolar plate substrate after self-sputtering cleaning. However, the plating preparation process is complex, has high requirements on equipment and high cost, and is not beneficial to large-scale application.
Therefore, a method for modifying the surface of a titanium substrate for a fuel cell is required.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a surface modification method of a titanium substrate for a fuel cell aiming at the defects in the prior art, and the method effectively removes an oxide film on the surface of titanium by an anode activation technology in ionic liquid to obtain a fresh titanium substrate with a smooth surface; and then preparing an Al-Mn-CNT composite coating on the titanium substrate in an electrodeposition mode, wherein the prepared titanium substrate containing the coating has high electrical conductivity, high thermal conductivity and good acid corrosion resistance, and can be used as a bipolar plate of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
provided is a method for modifying the surface of a titanium substrate for a fuel cell, comprising the steps of:
s1, sequentially carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the titanium substrate in alkali liquor, acid liquor, deionized water and an organic solvent, drying the titanium substrate after the ultrasonic treatment, and placing the titanium substrate into a vacuum box;
step S2, in acidic AlCl3In the BMIC ionic liquid, the titanium substrate treated in step S1 is subjected to anodic activation with the titanium substrate treated in step S1 as an anode, aluminum as a counter electrode, and platinum as a reference electrode, and is washed with an organic solvent and dried;
step S3 at BMIM]BF4-CuCl2In the ionic liquid, the titanium substrate activated in the step S2 is used as a cathode, copper is used as an anode, and the titanium substrate activated in the step S2 is treatedCarrying out electrodeposition copper plating on the plate;
and step S4, depositing graphene oxide on the titanium substrate plated with copper in the step S3 in a KCl solution containing graphene.
Preferably, anhydrous AlCl is added3Dissolving and mixing with chlorinated 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole (BMIC) according to the molar ratio of 2:1, and uniformly stirring to obtain the acidic AlCl3-BMIC ionic liquid.
Preferably, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole ([ BMIM) chloride is used]BF4) Ionic liquid and anhydrous CuCl2Dissolving and mixing the components according to the molar ratio of 2:1, and uniformly stirring the components to obtain the BMIM]BF4-CuCl2An ionic liquid.
Preferably, polyhexamethylene diisocyanate and graphene oxide are sequentially added into the KCl solution, and the KCl solution containing the graphene is obtained after ultrasonic mixing.
Preferably, in step S2, the titanium substrate treated in step S1 is subjected to anodic activation in a potentiostatic manner.
Preferably, the activation potential in step S2 is 1V (vs. al), and the activation time is 10 to 60 min.
Preferably, in step S4, the titanium substrate plated with copper in step S3 is subjected to graphene oxide deposition by a chronoamperometry method.
Preferably, the deposition potential in step S4 is-1.5V, and the deposition time is 5-10 min.
Preferably, the steps further comprise:
and S5, sequentially carrying out ultrasonic post-drying on the titanium substrate deposited in the step S4 in an organic solvent and deionized water.
By adopting the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
according to the invention, the titanium substrate is treated by adopting an anodic activation technology, so that an oxide film on the titanium surface can be effectively removed, and a fresh titanium surface is obtained; the titanium substrate is pre-plated with a compact copper coating, so that the surface of the activated titanium is protected, and the binding force between the substrate and a subsequent graphene coating is ensured; the surface modification is carried out on the titanium substrate by adopting the mode of electro-deposition coating, and the process is simple and easy to operate.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a surface modification method of a titanium substrate for a fuel cell, which comprises the following steps:
s1, sequentially carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the titanium substrate in alkali liquor, dilute hydrochloric acid, deionized water and alcohol for 15min, drying by hot air, and then placing into a vacuum glove box; anhydrous AlCl is added3Dissolving and mixing with BMIC according to the molar ratio of 2:1, and uniformly stirring to obtain acidic AlCl3-BMIC ionic liquid; will [ BMIM]BF4Ionic liquid and anhydrous CuCl2Dissolving and mixing according to the molar ratio of 2:1, and uniformly stirring by using magnetons to obtain [ BMIM ]]BF4-CuCl2An ionic liquid; preparing graphene oxide by a Hummers method; sequentially adding 10mL of polyhexamethylene diisocyanate and 30mg of graphene oxide into a 0.1M KCl solution, and ultrasonically mixing for 15min to obtain a KCl solution containing graphene;
step S2, adding the acidic AlCl3In BMIC ionic liquid, taking the titanium substrate treated in the step S1 as an anode, aluminum as a counter electrode and platinum as a reference electrode, and carrying out anodic activation on the titanium substrate treated in the step S1 in a constant potential mode, wherein the activation potential is 1V (vs. Al), the activation time is 60min, and the titanium substrate is rinsed clean by alcohol and then dried;
step S3, in the above-mentioned [ BMIM ]]BF4-CuCl2Ionic liquidsIn the body, taking the titanium substrate activated in the step S2 as a cathode and copper as an anode, and carrying out electro-deposition copper plating on the titanium substrate activated in the step S2;
s4, depositing graphene oxide on the titanium substrate plated with copper in the S3 step in the KCl solution containing graphene by a chronoamperometry, wherein the deposition potential is-1.5V, and the deposition time is 10 min;
and S5, sequentially carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the titanium substrate deposited in the step S4 in alcohol and deionized water for 20min, and drying the titanium substrate by using nitrogen.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a surface modification method of a titanium substrate for a fuel cell, which comprises the following steps:
s1, sequentially carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the titanium substrate in alkali liquor, dilute hydrochloric acid, deionized water and alcohol for 15min, drying by hot air, and then placing into a vacuum glove box; anhydrous AlCl is added3Dissolving and mixing with BMIC according to the molar ratio of 2:1, and uniformly stirring to obtain acidic AlCl3-BMIC ionic liquid; will [ BMIM]BF4Ionic liquid and anhydrous CuCl2Dissolving and mixing according to the molar ratio of 2:1, and uniformly stirring by using magnetons to obtain [ BMIM ]]BF4-CuCl2An ionic liquid; preparing graphene oxide by a Hummers method; sequentially adding 10mL of polyhexamethylene diisocyanate and 30mg of graphene oxide into a 0.1M KCl solution, and ultrasonically mixing for 15min to obtain a KCl solution containing graphene;
step S2, adding the acidic AlCl3In BMIC ionic liquid, taking the titanium substrate treated in the step S1 as an anode, aluminum as a counter electrode and platinum as a reference electrode, and carrying out anodic activation on the titanium substrate treated in the step S1 in a constant potential mode, wherein the activation potential is 1V (vs. Al), the activation time is 60min, and the titanium substrate is rinsed clean by alcohol and then dried;
step S3, in the above-mentioned [ BMIM ]]BF4-CuCl2In the ionic liquid, taking the titanium substrate activated in the step S2 as a cathode and copper as an anode, and carrying out electrodeposition copper plating on the titanium substrate activated in the step S2;
s4, depositing graphene oxide on the titanium substrate plated with copper in the S3 step in the KCl solution containing graphene by a chronoamperometry, wherein the deposition potential is-1.5V, and the deposition time is 5 min;
and S5, sequentially carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the titanium substrate deposited in the step S4 in alcohol and deionized water for 20min, and drying the titanium substrate by using nitrogen.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a surface modification method of a titanium substrate for a fuel cell, which comprises the following steps:
s1, carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the titanium substrate in alkali liquor, dilute hydrochloric acid, deionized water and alcohol for 15min in sequence, drying by hot air, and then placing in a vacuum glove box; anhydrous AlCl is added3Dissolving and mixing with BMIC according to the molar ratio of 2:1, and uniformly stirring to obtain acidic AlCl3-BMIC ionic liquid; will [ BMIM]BF4Ionic liquid and anhydrous CuCl2Dissolving and mixing according to the molar ratio of 2:1, and uniformly stirring by using magnetons to obtain [ BMIM ]]BF4-CuCl2An ionic liquid; preparing graphene oxide by a Hummers method; sequentially adding 10mL of polyhexamethylene diisocyanate and 30mg of graphene oxide into a 0.1M KCl solution, and ultrasonically mixing for 15min to obtain a KCl solution containing graphene;
step S2, adding the acidic AlCl3In BMIC ionic liquid, taking the titanium substrate treated in the step S1 as an anode, aluminum as a counter electrode and platinum as a reference electrode, and carrying out anodic activation on the titanium substrate treated in the step S1 in a constant potential mode, wherein the activation potential is 1V (vs. Al), the activation time is 10min, and the titanium substrate is rinsed clean by alcohol and then dried;
step S3, in the above-mentioned [ BMIM ]]BF4-CuCl2In the ionic liquid, taking the titanium substrate activated in the step S2 as a cathode and copper as an anode, and carrying out electrodeposition copper plating on the titanium substrate activated in the step S2;
s4, depositing graphene oxide on the titanium substrate plated with copper in the S3 step in the KCl solution containing graphene by a chronoamperometry, wherein the deposition potential is-1.5V, and the deposition time is 10 min;
and S5, sequentially carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the titanium substrate deposited in the step S4 in alcohol and deionized water for 20min, and drying the titanium substrate by using nitrogen.
In conclusion, the titanium bipolar plate is processed by adopting the electrochemical polishing technology, compared with mechanical polishing and chemical polishing, the surface oxide film is uniformly dissolved, the obtained titanium surface is more uniform, and the modified coating with uniform thickness is easy to prepare subsequently; the green and environment-friendly ionic liquid is used in the oxide film removing process, so that the use of polishing solution which is complex in components and easy to pollute the environment is avoided; the alloy plating layer is prepared on the titanium plating layer by utilizing an ionic liquid electrodeposition mode, the Al-Mn-CNT plating layer has excellent corrosion resistance and good electric and thermal conductivity, and the process operation is simple.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A surface modification method of a titanium substrate for a fuel cell is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, sequentially carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the titanium substrate in alkali liquor, acid liquor, deionized water and an organic solvent, drying the titanium substrate after the ultrasonic treatment, and placing the titanium substrate into a vacuum box;
step S2, in acidic AlCl3In the BMIC ionic liquid, the titanium substrate treated in step S1 is subjected to anodic activation with the titanium substrate treated in step S1 as an anode, aluminum as a counter electrode, and platinum as a reference electrode, and is washed with an organic solvent and dried;
step S3 at BMIM]BF4-CuCl2In the ionic liquid, taking the titanium substrate activated in the step S2 as a cathode and copper as an anode, and carrying out electrodeposition copper plating on the titanium substrate activated in the step S2;
and step S4, depositing graphene oxide on the titanium substrate plated with copper in the step S3 in a KCl solution containing graphene.
2. The surface modification method of claim 1, wherein anhydrous AlCl is added3Dissolving and mixing with BMIC according to the molar ratio of 2:1, and uniformly stirring to obtain the acidic AlCl3-BMIC ionic liquid.
3. The surface modification method according to claim 1, wherein [ BMIM ]]BF4Ionic liquid and anhydrous CuCl2Dissolving and mixing the components according to the molar ratio of 2:1, and uniformly stirring the components to obtain the BMIM]BF4-CuCl2An ionic liquid.
4. The surface modification method of claim 1, wherein the polyhexamethylene diisocyanate and the graphene oxide are sequentially added into a KCl solution, and the KCl solution containing the graphene is obtained after ultrasonic mixing.
5. The surface modification method according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the titanium substrate treated in step S1 is subjected to anodic activation by a potentiostatic method.
6. The surface modification method according to claim 1, wherein the activation potential in step S2 is 1V (vs. Al), and the activation time is 10-60 min.
7. The surface modification method according to claim 1, wherein the titanium substrate plated with copper in step S3 is subjected to graphene oxide deposition by a chronoamperometry in step S4.
8. The surface modification method according to claim 1, wherein the deposition potential in step S4 is-1.5V, and the deposition time is 5-10 min.
9. The method of claim 1, further comprising the steps of:
and S5, sequentially carrying out ultrasonic post-drying on the titanium substrate deposited in the step S4 in an organic solvent and deionized water.
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