CN113033873B - Method for predicting content of sulfur oxides at inlet of desulfurization system based on measurement of coal quality entering furnace - Google Patents

Method for predicting content of sulfur oxides at inlet of desulfurization system based on measurement of coal quality entering furnace Download PDF

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CN113033873B
CN113033873B CN202110229154.8A CN202110229154A CN113033873B CN 113033873 B CN113033873 B CN 113033873B CN 202110229154 A CN202110229154 A CN 202110229154A CN 113033873 B CN113033873 B CN 113033873B
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闫修峰
何修年
王明坤
高林
尹帅
秦斌
宗珂
侯玉婷
钊学明
李钊
王斌
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Huadian Zouxian Power Generation Co ltd
Xian Thermal Power Research Institute Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for estimating the content of sulfur oxides at an inlet of a desulfurization system based on measurement of coal quality entering a furnace, which comprises the following steps: 1. recording historical data of key parameters; 2. constructing a sulfur content steady state conservation equation; 3. determining the oxidation weight gain coefficient of the coal containing sulfur; 4. establishing a dynamic transfer function of oxysulfide at the inlet of a desulfurization system; 5. acquiring dynamic parameters by parameter identification; 6. obtaining the content prediction of sulfur oxides at the inlet of a desulfurization system; according to the method, the sulfur content of the coal is obtained through the coal online detection device, and a calculation model of the sulfur oxide content at the inlet of the desulfurization system is established through the sulfur content before entering the furnace and the conservation theorem of the sulfur content at the inlet of the desulfurization system, so that the change condition of the sulfur oxide content at the inlet of the desulfurization system is obtained, and the subsequent accurate calculation of the limestone slurry demand and the slurry pump control are guided.

Description

Method for predicting content of sulfur oxides at inlet of desulfurization system based on measurement of coal quality entering furnace
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of thermal generator set prediction, and relates to a desulfurization system inlet sulfur oxide content estimation method based on furnace coal quality measurement.
Background
With the rapid development of national economy, the demand of people for electric power is increasing, coal-fired power generating units serving as main power supplies are also increasing, and meanwhile, pollutants discharged by the coal-fired power generating units are also correspondingly increased. In the face of increasingly serious environmental protection problems and the implementation of national policies for ultra-low emission of pollutants from coal-fired power plants, the control and reduction of the emission of pollutants from coal-fired power plants are imperative. SO2 is one of the main pollutants discharged from coal-fired power plants, and how to ensure the ultra-clean emission of SO2 is the key point of research. At present, a wet desulphurization technology is mostly adopted in a power plant, but the wet desulphurization technology is a complex process, so that the factors influencing the desulphurization efficiency are numerous, and a desulphurization control system has the characteristics of nonlinearity, time variation, large delay, large inertia and the like. The existing scheme controls the limestone slurry flow to control the pH value of the slurry of the absorption tower within a reasonable range by adjusting the opening degree of the slurry adjusting valve, and simultaneously timely corrects the opening degree of the slurry adjusting valve by taking variables such as actual load signals or flue gas sulfur dioxide concentration signals as feedforward. But the control effect cannot be better under the conditions of large change of the sulfur content of the coal, sudden change of the flue gas flow and the like. Therefore, the accurate acquisition of the content of the oxysulfide at the inlet of the desulfurization system is a precondition for accurately controlling the pH value of the slurry of the absorption tower, improving the desulfurization efficiency and preventing the excessive discharge of the oxysulfide.
At present, a neural network algorithm or a random forest prediction algorithm is mostly adopted for the theoretical research of sulfur oxide content at the inlet of a desulfurization system, and input prediction is carried out based on the consideration of unit load, main steam flow, a coal-fired quantity measured value of a boiler, water-coal ratio, a coal quality BTU correction loop numerical value, an excess air coefficient, the original flue gas temperature at an FGD inlet, the original flue gas pressure at the FGD inlet, a total flue gas flow measured value and the like to obtain a predicted value of SO2 concentration at the inlet of the desulfurization system, wherein the predicted value has better precision when the prediction time is shorter, the prediction time is prolonged, the precision is poor, and meanwhile, the prediction result is poor if sample sampling is not complete; on the other hand, the change trend cannot be accurately predicted without prediction by a mechanism method, and the actual operation control cannot be directly participated, so that the desulfurization efficiency is influenced.
On the other hand, under the influence of various coal types, coal-fired cost and other factors in China, blending combustion of coal and unstable coal quality become one of the problems faced by coal-fired units in thermal power plants. Firstly, most of coal quality analysis of power plants adopts off-line laboratory analysis at present, and the analysis time is long through links such as sampling, division, sample preparation, assay and the like, and the time lag of delay of obtaining a coal quality analysis report by an operator is long. Secondly, the coal quality on-line detection device can also be used for rapidly and real-timely detecting the coal quality, meanwhile, the weighted average accurate judgment can be made on the whole mass of the batch of coal, and the device has great significance for a thermal power plant.
In summary, the existing technical means based on the measurement of the coal quality entering the furnace still does not form a theoretical system, and the content of the sulfur oxides at the inlet of the desulfurization system is predicted by utilizing a mechanism method, so that a better prediction method and means can be realized, and further guidance and control can be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a method for estimating the content of sulfur oxide at the inlet of a desulfurization system based on the measurement of coal quality entering a furnace.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for predicting the content of sulfur oxides at an inlet of a desulfurization system based on measurement of coal quality entering a furnace comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: recording historical data of key parameters;
firstly, measuring and recording the volume flow G of flue gas and the volume concentration of oxysulfide at the inlet of a desulfurization system by a coal quality measuring device entering a furnace and a sensor installed in a power plant
Figure BDA0002958264600000031
Coal sulfur content C in each coal milliAnd coal feeding quantity F of coal mill iiHistorical data;
step two: constructing a sulfur content steady state conservation equation;
the method comprises the steps that sulfur content information of coal entering a coal mill is obtained through a coal entering measurement device, and under the condition of certain coal quantity and combustion, the mass flow of sulfur oxides represented by the product of the volume concentration of sulfur oxides at the inlet of a desulfurization system and the volume flow of flue gas is in direct proportion to the total sulfur content input by each coal mill;
in a steady state, establishing a sulfur content mass conservation equation:
Figure BDA0002958264600000032
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002958264600000033
is the sulfur oxide mass flow rate;
Figure BDA0002958264600000034
is the sulfur oxide volume concentration; g is the volume flow of the flue gas; kSThe oxidation weight gain coefficient of the coal containing sulfur is obtained; fiThe coal feeding amount of a coal mill i is set; ciThe sulfur content of the coal entering the coal mill i; f is a corresponding coal mill knitting machineNumber;
step three: determining the sulfur-containing oxidation weight gain coefficient K of coalS；
Obtaining the volume flow G of the flue gas and the volume concentration of the sulfur oxides through historical data under a steady-state working condition
Figure BDA0002958264600000035
And the sulfur content C of the coal entering the furnace of each coal mill is obtained by monitoringiAnd coal feeding quantity F of coal mill iiThe sulfur-containing oxidation weight gain coefficient K of the coal can be calculated and obtained through a sulfur element mass conservation equation in a steady stateS；
Step four: establishing a dynamic transfer function of oxysulfide at the inlet of a desulfurization system;
in the process of constructing the dynamic model, an inertia link and a delay link are considered, and a dynamic conservation equation is expressed by a first-order dynamic transfer function as follows:
Figure BDA0002958264600000041
in the formula, TSOThe time constant of the coal sulfur conversion process is shown; tau is1Measuring the delay time of the whole process for milling, burning, flowing and sulfur oxides; s is a virtual variable; e is the base number of the natural logarithm;
step five: acquiring dynamic parameters by parameter identification;
selecting historical dynamic working condition data to obtain the volume flow G of flue gas at the inlet of the desulfurization system and the volume concentration of sulfur oxides in the dynamic process
Figure BDA0002958264600000042
Coal quality information CiAnd coal supply FiPerforming parameter identification;
discretizing the dynamic transfer function established in the fourth step, and constructing a transfer function discrete model as follows:
Figure BDA0002958264600000043
y(0)＝0
Figure BDA0002958264600000044
Figure BDA0002958264600000045
θ＝[Tso,τ1]
in the formula, theta is a parameter to be estimated; x (n), y (n) are intermediate variables; n is a discretization sampling point; Δ t is the sampling interval;
optimizing theta by using a least square method, and searching an estimated value of theta to ensure that the sulfur oxide content of the desulfurization system estimated at each time
Figure BDA0002958264600000053
With actually measured values of sampled sulfur oxides
Figure BDA0002958264600000051
The sum of the squares of the differences is minimal, i.e.:
Figure BDA0002958264600000052
so the estimated value theta is [ T ═ Tso,τ1]Namely the parameter identification result, thereby obtaining the time constant T of the coal quality sulfur-containing conversion processSOAnd the delay time tau of the whole process of pulverizing, burning, flowing and measuring the sulfur oxide1；
Step six: obtaining the content prediction of sulfur oxides at the inlet of a desulfurization system;
the oxidation weight gain coefficient K of the sulfur-containing coal is knownSTime constant T of coal sulfur conversion processSOAnd the delay time tau of the whole process of pulverizing, burning, flowing and measuring the sulfur oxide1(ii) a Coal charged into the furnace by each coal mill contains sulfur content CiAnd coal feeding quantity F of coal mill iiMeasuring data in real time by using the fifth stepAnd (4) calculating the established transfer function discrete model, namely obtaining an accurate estimated value of the sulfur oxide content at the inlet of the desulfurization system.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the accurate sulfur oxide content at the inlet of the desulfurization system has important influence on the accurate control of the whole system and the improvement of the desulfurization efficiency, and the sulfur oxide content at the inlet of the desulfurization system is mostly predicted by adopting a mathematical mode in the prior art. The mathematical mode is usually input and predicted based on the load of a filter unit, the flow of main steam, the measured value of the coal-fired quantity of a boiler, the water-coal ratio, the numerical value of a coal quality BTU correction loop, an excess air coefficient, the original flue gas temperature at an FGD inlet, the original flue gas pressure at the FGD inlet, the measured value of the total flow of the flue gas and the like to obtain the predicted value of the sulfur oxide content at the inlet of the desulfurization system, and if the sampling of a sample is not complete, the predicted result has larger error and insufficient precision, and the sample cannot directly participate in actual operation control, so that the desulfurization efficiency is influenced. The invention constructs a sulfur content mass conservation equation from a mechanism, and on the basis, an inertia link and a delay link are considered to construct an inlet sulfur oxide content dynamic transfer function, and discretization is carried out on the inlet sulfur oxide content dynamic transfer function to obtain an inlet sulfur oxide content discrete model of a desulfurization system, so that an inlet sulfur oxide content estimated value is obtained. The method for estimating the content of the oxysulfide at the inlet of the desulfurization system based on the measurement of the coal quality entering the furnace considers an inertia link and a delay link, can obtain the accurate content of the oxysulfide, avoids the inaccuracy of a measuring device and a mathematical method, can provide accurate feedforward for the flow of a slurry pump and the gas-liquid ratio control of the slurry circulating pump in the later period, achieves better desulfurization efficiency and smaller pump power consumption, and achieves the purposes of energy conservation and emission reduction.
(2) The existing desulfurization control method is usually to adjust the opening degree of a slurry pump valve through a pH value, the desulfurization process is a complex process and has the characteristics of nonlinearity, time variation, large delay, large inertia and the like, and control delay and poor desulfurization effect can be caused when the flow of the slurry pump is adjusted through deviation feedback of the pH value. The method adopts the measurement of the coal quality entering the furnace to obtain the sulfur content information of the coal quality, constructs a mass conservation equation according to a mechanism model, and obtains the content of sulfur oxides at the inlet of a desulfurization systemThe transfer function is used for estimating the content of the oxysulfide at the inlet and taking the estimated content as the feedforward of control, so that the slurry amount supply is more accurate. The hysteresis and the large inertia of the slurry supply quantity of the limestone slurry pump are avoided through pH value feedback; meanwhile, the start and stop of the slurry circulating pump are guided by the content of the oxysulfide at the inlet, SO that the SO at the inlet is avoided2The condition of low desulfurization efficiency caused by sudden change of the flow and concentration of the flue gas has good control effect on ultra-clean discharge.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the estimation method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for predicting the content of sulfur oxides at the inlet of a desulfurization system based on the measurement of coal quality entering a furnace comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: recording historical data of key parameters;
firstly, measuring and recording the volume flow G of flue gas and the volume concentration of oxysulfide at the inlet of a desulfurization system by a coal quality measuring device entering a furnace and a sensor installed in a power plant
Figure BDA0002958264600000075
Coal sulfur content C in each coal milliAnd coal feeding quantity F of coal mill iiHistorical data.
Step two: constructing a sulfur content steady state conservation equation;
the method comprises the steps of obtaining sulfur content information of coal quality entering a coal mill through a coal quality measuring device, wherein sulfur in flue gas is almost all from sulfur in coal, and under the condition of certain coal quantity and combustion, the mass flow of sulfur oxides represented by the product of the volume concentration of sulfur oxides at the inlet of a desulfurization system and the volume flow of flue gas is in direct proportion to the total sulfur content input by each coal mill.
At steady state, the sulfur content mass conservation equation can be established:
Figure BDA0002958264600000071
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002958264600000072
is the sulfur oxide mass flow rate;
Figure BDA0002958264600000073
is the sulfur oxide volume concentration; g is the volume flow of the flue gas; kSThe oxidation weight gain coefficient of the coal containing sulfur is obtained; fiThe coal feeding amount of a coal mill i is set; ciThe sulfur content of the coal entering the coal mill i; and A, F is the number of the corresponding coal mill.
Step three: determining the sulfur-containing oxidation weight gain coefficient K of coalS；
Obtaining the volume flow G of the flue gas and the volume concentration of the sulfur oxides through historical data under a steady-state working condition
Figure BDA0002958264600000074
And the sulfur content C of the coal entering the furnace of each coal mill is obtained by monitoringiAnd coal feeding quantity F of coal mill iiThe sulfur-containing oxidation weight gain coefficient K of the coal can be obtained by calculating the mass conservation equation of the sulfur element in a steady stateS。
Step four: establishing a dynamic transfer function of oxysulfide at the inlet of a desulfurization system;
considering that actual powder making, combustion, flow, sulfur oxide measurement and the like have great inertia and delay, therefore, in the process of constructing a dynamic model, considering an inertia link and a delay link, a dynamic conservation equation can be expressed by a first-order dynamic transfer function as follows:
Figure BDA0002958264600000081
in the formula, TSOThe time constant of the coal sulfur conversion process is shown; tau is1Measuring the delay time of the whole process for milling, burning, flowing and sulfur oxides; s is a virtual variable; e is the base of the natural logarithm.
Step five: acquiring dynamic parameters by parameter identification;
selecting historical dynamic working condition data to obtain the volume flow G of flue gas at the inlet of the desulfurization system and the volume concentration of sulfur oxides in the dynamic process
Figure BDA0002958264600000082
Coal quality information CiAnd coal supply FiPerforming parameter identification;
discretizing the dynamic transfer function established in the fourth step, and constructing a transfer function discrete model as follows:
Figure BDA0002958264600000083
y(0)＝0
Figure BDA0002958264600000084
Figure BDA0002958264600000085
θ＝[Tso,τ1]
in the formula, theta is a parameter to be estimated; x (n), y (n) are intermediate variables; n is a discretization sampling point; Δ t is the sampling interval; t isSO、τ1、Ci、Fi、KSThe meaning of the variables is as defined above for the variables.
Optimizing theta by using a least square method, and searching an estimated value of theta to ensure that the sulfur oxide content of the desulfurization system estimated at each time
Figure BDA0002958264600000093
With actually measured values of sampled sulfur oxides
Figure BDA0002958264600000091
The sum of the squares of the differences is minimal, i.e.:
Figure BDA0002958264600000092
so the estimated value theta is [ T ═ Tso,τ1]Namely the parameter identification result, thereby obtaining the time constant T of the coal quality sulfur-containing conversion processSOAnd the delay time tau of the whole process of pulverizing, burning, flowing and measuring the sulfur oxide1。
Step six: obtaining a prediction of sulfur oxide content at an inlet of a desulfurization system
The oxidation weight gain coefficient K of the sulfur-containing coal is knownSTime constant T of coal sulfur conversion processSOAnd the delay time tau of the whole process of pulverizing, burning, flowing and measuring the sulfur oxide1. Coal charged into the furnace by each coal mill contains sulfur content CiAnd coal feeding quantity F of coal mill iiAnd measuring data in real time, and calculating through the transfer function discrete model constructed in the fifth step to obtain an accurate estimated value of the sulfur oxide content at the inlet of the desulfurization system, so as to guide operation personnel to operate and partially control feedforward setting, realize relatively accurate control, and avoid the factors of large inertia, large delay characteristic, large fluctuation of the sulfur oxide content at the inlet of the desulfurization system, inaccurate measuring device and the like of the traditional control mode, so that the desulfurization efficiency is low, and the ultra-clean emission of the sulfur oxide is not satisfied.

Claims (1)

1. A method for predicting the content of sulfur oxides at an inlet of a desulfurization system based on measurement of coal quality entering a furnace is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: recording historical data of key parameters;
firstly, measuring and recording the volume flow G of flue gas and the volume concentration of oxysulfide at the inlet of a desulfurization system by a coal quality measuring device entering a furnace and a sensor installed in a power plant
Figure FDA0002958264590000011
Coal sulfur content C in each coal milliAnd coal feeding quantity F of coal mill iiHistorical data;
step two: constructing a sulfur content steady state conservation equation;
the method comprises the steps that sulfur content information of coal entering a coal mill is obtained through a coal entering measurement device, and under the condition of certain coal quantity and combustion, the mass flow of sulfur oxides represented by the product of the volume concentration of sulfur oxides at the inlet of a desulfurization system and the volume flow of flue gas is in direct proportion to the total sulfur content input by each coal mill;
in a steady state, establishing a sulfur content mass conservation equation:
Figure FDA0002958264590000012
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure FDA0002958264590000013
is the sulfur oxide mass flow rate;
Figure FDA0002958264590000014
is the sulfur oxide volume concentration; g is the volume flow of the flue gas; kSThe oxidation weight gain coefficient of the coal containing sulfur is obtained; fiThe coal feeding amount of a coal mill i is set; ciThe sulfur content of the coal entering the coal mill i; a, F is the number of the corresponding coal mill;
step three: determining the sulfur-containing oxidation weight gain coefficient K of coalS；
Obtaining the volume flow G of the flue gas and the volume concentration of the sulfur oxides through historical data under a steady-state working condition
Figure FDA0002958264590000015
And the sulfur content C of the coal entering the furnace of each coal mill is obtained by monitoringiAnd coal feeding quantity F of coal mill iiThe sulfur-containing oxidation weight gain coefficient K of the coal can be calculated and obtained through a sulfur element mass conservation equation in a steady stateS；
Step four: establishing a dynamic transfer function of oxysulfide at the inlet of a desulfurization system;
in the process of constructing the dynamic model, an inertia link and a delay link are considered, and a dynamic conservation equation is expressed by a first-order dynamic transfer function as follows:
Figure FDA0002958264590000021
in the formula, TSOThe time constant of the coal sulfur conversion process is shown; tau is1Measuring the delay time of the whole process for milling, burning, flowing and sulfur oxides; s is a virtual variable; e is the base number of the natural logarithm;
step five: acquiring dynamic parameters by parameter identification;
selecting historical dynamic working condition data to obtain the volume flow G of flue gas at the inlet of the desulfurization system and the volume concentration of sulfur oxides in the dynamic process
Figure FDA0002958264590000022
Coal quality information CiAnd coal supply FiPerforming parameter identification;
discretizing the dynamic transfer function established in the fourth step, and constructing a transfer function discrete model as follows:
Figure FDA0002958264590000023
y(0)＝0
Figure FDA0002958264590000024
Figure FDA0002958264590000025
θ＝[Tso,τ1]
in the formula, theta is a parameter to be estimated; x (n), y (n) are intermediate variables; n is a discretization sampling point; Δ t is the sampling interval;
optimizing theta by using a least square method, and searching an estimated value of theta to ensure that the sulfur oxide content of the desulfurization system estimated at each time
Figure FDA0002958264590000031
With actually measured values of sampled sulfur oxides
Figure FDA0002958264590000032
The sum of the squares of the differences is minimal, i.e.:
Figure FDA0002958264590000033
so the estimated value theta is [ T ═ Tso,τ1]Namely the parameter identification result, thereby obtaining the time constant T of the coal quality sulfur-containing conversion processSOAnd the delay time tau of the whole process of pulverizing, burning, flowing and measuring the sulfur oxide1；
Step six: obtaining the content prediction of sulfur oxides at the inlet of a desulfurization system;
the oxidation weight gain coefficient K of the sulfur-containing coal is knownSTime constant T of coal sulfur conversion processSOAnd the delay time tau of the whole process of pulverizing, burning, flowing and measuring the sulfur oxide1(ii) a Coal charged into the furnace by each coal mill contains sulfur content CiAnd coal feeding quantity F of coal mill iiAnd measuring data in real time, and calculating through the transfer function discrete model constructed in the step five to obtain an accurate estimated value of the sulfur oxide content at the inlet of the desulfurization system.
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