CN112993970B - Bipolar bidirectional boost-buck DC-DC converter with function of inhibiting direct-current voltage unbalance - Google Patents

Bipolar bidirectional boost-buck DC-DC converter with function of inhibiting direct-current voltage unbalance Download PDF

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CN112993970B
CN112993970B CN202110268951.7A CN202110268951A CN112993970B CN 112993970 B CN112993970 B CN 112993970B CN 202110268951 A CN202110268951 A CN 202110268951A CN 112993970 B CN112993970 B CN 112993970B
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direct
current
power supply
voltage
power switch
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CN112993970A (en
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王侯清
朱纪洪
王向阳
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Tsinghua University
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Tsinghua University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
    • H02J1/10—Parallel operation of dc sources
    • H02J1/12—Parallel operation of dc generators with converters, e.g. with mercury-arc rectifier
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/60—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between AC networks or generators via a high voltage DC link [HVCD]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a bipolar bidirectional boost-buck DC-DC converter with a function of inhibiting direct-current voltage unbalance, and belongs to the field of power electronics. The bipolar bidirectional step-up and step-down DC-DC converter mainly comprises: the device comprises a first current transformation circuit, a second current transformation circuit, a detection circuit and a control circuit; the control circuit sends a switch control signal to control the working states of the first current transformation circuit and the second current transformation circuit according to the first direct voltage, the second direct voltage, the fourth direct voltage and the current in the two direct current inductors, which are detected by the detection circuit. The double-input double-output bipolar structure is adopted, the power can be adjusted in a two-way mode, particularly, a first inductor in the first current transformation circuit and a second inductor in the second current transformation circuit are coupled, a channel is provided for energy exchange between the first current transformation circuit and the second current transformation circuit, the direct-current voltage unbalance suppression circuit has the function of suppressing direct-current voltage unbalance, and the circuit is suitable for the fields of direct-current micro-grids, energy storage and the like.

Description

Bipolar bidirectional boost-buck DC-DC converter with function of inhibiting direct-current voltage unbalance
Technical Field
The invention relates to a bipolar bidirectional DC-DC converter, in particular to a four-port step-up-step-down DC-DC converter with a function of inhibiting direct-current voltage unbalance.
Background
In recent years, with the increase of dc loads and the maturity of power electronic technology, a dc micro grid and a Low Voltage Direct Current (LVDC) power supply method using the dc micro grid have attracted more and more attention. Compared with the alternating current system protection, a perfect theoretical system and technical specifications are established, and the direct current micro-grid protection currently lacks related technical standard specifications, execution criteria and actual operation experience.
The grounding type of the direct current system plays a role in determining the electric shock protection performance which is an important index of the electrical safety of the system. At present, a direct-current micro-grid generally adopts a double-wire system to transmit electric energy, and a neutral line with the voltage of 0V does not exist. In order to improve the safety of the system, a neutral line needs to be constructed at the front end of a direct current micro-grid access tail end system, so as to form a direct current bipolar three-wire system power supply mode. Compared with a two-wire system direct current power supply structure, the bipolar three-wire system direct current power supply structure can provide a system safety ground wire, can reduce the voltage level of a bus to ground, improves the flexibility and the reliability of power supply of a direct current system, and can adapt to access of distributed power supplies, energy storage systems and loads with different voltage levels. Therefore, the bipolar three-wire system direct current power supply structure has great development prospect.
Compared with a unipolar direct-current microgrid, the bipolar direct-current microgrid has a negative (& lt) -direct-current bus besides two direct-current buses of plus (+ & lt) and zero (N), and a three-wire power supply structure of the bipolar direct-current microgrid puts new requirements on a bidirectional direct-current converter:
1) structurally, one side connected with the bipolar direct current micro-grid is required to be capable of providing two voltage output ends;
2) functionally, the bus voltage should be kept stable, and the inter-bus voltage should be kept balanced.
The connection structure of the bidirectional dc converter and the bipolar dc microgrid can be divided into three types according to the different outlet modes of the neutral line. Fig. 1 shows a structure based on parallel connection of two bidirectional dc converters, where the outputs of the two converters are required to share a middle bus, and two independent power supply loops are essentially provided in a dc system, which is highly reliable, but requires two sets of power conversion devices, and is affected by differences between energy storage units, and has a limited ability to suppress bus voltage imbalance, and is suitable for selecting a bidirectional dc converter with a small number of devices, otherwise, the cost is too high.
Fig. 2 shows a structure based on a split bus capacitor, in which a neutral line is led out from a midpoint of a dc bus capacitor at a side where a power converter is connected to a dc microgrid to form a three-line system, and voltage equalization between buses is achieved by using different control strategies or by using a coupling inductor. However, for a conventional two-level bidirectional dc converter, the structure cannot realize the voltage symmetry of the positive and negative dc buses, and is only suitable for selecting a bidirectional dc converter with a midpoint potential balancing function, such as a three-level bidirectional Buck/Boost dc converter, so that the application scenario of the structure has certain limitations on the premise of maintaining high efficiency.
Fig. 3 shows a structure based on a voltage balancer, in which the voltage balancer can be conveniently incorporated into an output port of a bidirectional DC converter, both DC bus voltage control (for example, AC-DC control during grid connection and energy storage DC-DC control during independent operation) and positive/negative voltage balance control (controlled by the voltage balancer) are completely decoupled, and a large number of types of bidirectional DC converters can be selected. However, the additional addition of the voltage balancer makes the system structure and control more complicated, and the material preparation cost also increases.
Comparing three types of structures of the bidirectional direct current converter and the bipolar direct current microgrid, the finding that if the structure based on the split bus capacitor is adopted, the bidirectional direct current converter with the midpoint potential balancing function is only suitable for being selected, so that the application scene of the bidirectional direct current converter has certain limitation on the premise of maintaining high efficiency; although the range of choices for a bi-directional dc converter is greatly expanded if a voltage balancer based architecture is employed, the additional voltage balancer increases the cost and complexity of the system. Therefore, from the viewpoint of cost, efficiency and applicability, a low-cost, high-efficiency and voltage-balancing bidirectional dc converter is to be developed based on a parallel structure of two converters, and needs to be deeply researched and explored.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a bipolar bidirectional boost-buck DC-DC converter with a function of inhibiting direct-current voltage unbalance; according to the DC-DC converter, two-port bidirectional buck-boost converters are integrated into a four-port bidirectional buck-boost converter sharing the ground wire, and two direct currents are converted into a coupling inductor, so that the cost and the volume of the converter are reduced, the power density of a system is improved, the energy between ports can be flexibly adjusted, and the imbalance of direct current voltage is effectively inhibited.
The invention provides a bipolar bidirectional step-up and step-down DC-DC converter with a function of inhibiting direct-current voltage unbalance, which comprises: the device comprises a first current transformation circuit, a second current transformation circuit, a detection circuit and a control circuit;
the first current transformation circuit comprises a first direct-current power supply, a first smoothing capacitor, a first inductor, a first power switch, a second power switch, a third power switch, a fourth power switch, a third smoothing capacitor and a third direct-current power supply; the first end of the first flat wave capacitor is connected with the anode of a first direct current power supply and the first end of a first power switch respectively, the second end of the first power switch is connected with the second end of a second power switch, the first end of the second power switch is connected with the first end of a first inductor and the first end of a third power switch respectively, the second end of the third power switch is connected with the second end of a fourth power switch, the first end of the fourth power switch is connected with the second end of the third flat wave capacitor and the cathode of a third direct current power supply respectively, and the cathode of the first direct current power supply is connected with the second end of the first flat wave capacitor, the second end of the first inductor, the first end of the third flat wave capacitor and the anode of the third direct current power supply respectively and is grounded;
the second current transformation circuit comprises a second direct-current power supply, a second smoothing capacitor, a second inductor, a fifth power switch, a sixth power switch, a seventh power switch, an eighth power switch, a fourth smoothing capacitor and a fourth direct-current power supply; the second end of the second flat wave capacitor is connected with the negative electrode of the second direct current power supply and the first end of the fifth power switch respectively, the second end of the fifth power switch is connected with the second end of the sixth power switch, the first end of the sixth power switch is connected with the first end of the second inductor and the first end of the seventh power switch respectively, the second end of the seventh power switch is connected with the second end of the eighth power switch, the first end of the eighth power switch is connected with the first end of the fourth flat wave capacitor and the positive electrode of the fourth direct current power supply respectively, and the positive electrode of the second direct current power supply is connected with the first end of the second flat wave capacitor, the second end of the second inductor, the second end of the fourth flat wave capacitor and the negative electrode of the fourth direct current power supply respectively and is grounded;
the first inductor and the second inductor are coupled with each other, and two coupling modes exist, namely a first end of the first inductor and a second end of the second inductor are homonymous ends, or the first end of the first inductor and the first end of the second inductor are homonymous ends;
the detection circuit is used for detecting a first direct current voltage, a third direct current voltage, a current in the first inductor, a second direct current voltage, a fourth direct current voltage and a current in the second inductor of the first current transformation circuit and feeding back the first direct current voltage, the third direct current voltage, the current in the first inductor and the current in the second inductor to the control circuit;
the control circuit is used for sending a switch control signal to the controlled ends of the first to eighth power switches according to the first to fourth direct-current voltages and the currents in the first and second inductors;
if the first end of the first inductor and the second end of the second inductor are homonymous ends, when the control circuit determines that the third direct-current power supply and the fourth direct-current power supply need power support: and controlling the first direct current power supply to supply power to the third direct current power supply, and controlling the second direct current power supply to supply power to the fourth direct current power supply.
If the first end of the first inductor and the second end of the second inductor are homonymous ends, when the control circuit determines that the first direct-current power supply and the second direct-current power supply need power support: and controlling the third direct current power supply to supply power to the first direct current power supply, and controlling the fourth direct current power supply to supply power to the second direct current power supply.
If the first end of the first inductor and the second end of the second inductor are dotted terminals, when the control circuit determines that the third direct-current voltage and the fourth direct-current voltage are unbalanced and need to be adjusted and the third direct-current voltage is greater than the fourth direct-current voltage, the third direct-current power supply stores energy through the first inductor during the period that the third direct-current power supply and the fourth direct-current power supply provide power support for the first direct-current power supply and the second direct-current power supply, on one hand, the third direct-current power supply provides power for the first direct-current power supply, and on the other hand, the third direct-current power supply provides power for the second direct-current power supply in a flyback mode.
If the first end of the first inductor and the second end of the second inductor are homonymous ends, when the control circuit determines that the third direct-current voltage and the fourth direct-current voltage are unbalanced and need to be adjusted and the third direct-current voltage is smaller than the fourth direct-current voltage, the fourth direct-current power supply stores energy through the second inductor during the period that the third direct-current power supply and the fourth direct-current power supply provide power support for the first direct-current power supply and the second direct-current power supply, on one hand, power is provided for the second direct-current power supply, and on the other hand, power is provided for the first direct-current power supply in a flyback mode.
If the first end of the first inductor and the second end of the second inductor are homonymous ends, when the control circuit determines that the first direct-current voltage and the second direct-current voltage are unbalanced and need to be adjusted and the first direct-current voltage is greater than the second direct-current voltage, the first direct-current power supply stores energy through the first inductor during the period that the first direct-current power supply and the second direct-current power supply provide power support for the third direct-current power supply and the fourth direct-current power supply, on one hand, the third direct-current power supply is provided with power, and on the other hand, the fourth direct-current power supply is provided with power in a flyback mode.
If the first end of the first inductor and the second end of the second inductor are homonymous ends, when the control circuit determines that the first direct-current voltage and the second direct-current voltage are unbalanced and need to be adjusted and the first direct-current voltage is smaller than the second direct-current voltage, the second direct-current power supply stores energy through the second inductor during the period that the first direct-current power supply and the second direct-current power supply provide power support for the third direct-current power supply and the fourth direct-current power supply, on one hand, power is provided for the fourth direct-current power supply, and on the other hand, power is provided for the third direct-current power supply in a flyback mode.
If the first end of the first inductor and the first end of the second inductor are homonymous ends, when the control circuit determines that the third direct-current power supply and the fourth direct-current power supply need power support: and controlling the first direct current power supply to supply power to the third direct current power supply, and controlling the second direct current power supply to supply power to the fourth direct current power supply.
If the first end of the first inductor and the first end of the second inductor are homonymous ends, when the control circuit determines that the first direct-current power supply and the second direct-current power supply need power support: and controlling the third direct current power supply to supply power to the first direct current power supply, and controlling the fourth direct current power supply to supply power to the second direct current power supply.
If the first end of the first inductor and the first end of the second inductor are homonymous ends, when the control circuit determines that the first direct-current voltage and the second direct-current voltage are unbalanced and need to be adjusted and the first direct-current voltage is greater than the second direct-current voltage, the first direct-current power supply stores energy through the first inductor and then provides power for the second direct-current power supply in a flyback mode.
If the first end of the first inductor and the first end of the second inductor are homonymous ends, when the control circuit determines that the first direct-current voltage and the second direct-current voltage are unbalanced and need to be adjusted and the first direct-current voltage is smaller than the second direct-current voltage, the second direct-current power supply stores energy through the second inductor and then provides power for the first direct-current power supply in a flyback mode.
If the first end of the first inductor and the first end of the second inductor are dotted terminals, when the control circuit determines that the third direct-current voltage and the fourth direct-current voltage are unbalanced and need to be adjusted and the third direct-current voltage is greater than the fourth direct-current voltage, the third direct-current power supply stores energy through the first inductor and then provides power for the fourth direct-current power supply in a flyback manner.
If the first end of the first inductor and the first end of the second inductor are dotted terminals, when the control circuit determines that the third direct-current voltage and the fourth direct-current voltage are unbalanced and need to be adjusted and the third direct-current voltage is smaller than the fourth direct-current voltage, the fourth direct-current power supply stores energy through the second inductor and then provides power for the first direct-current power supply in a flyback manner.
Preferably, the bipolar bidirectional up-down DC-DC converter with the function of suppressing DC voltage imbalance is provided, and the first end of the first inductor and the second end of the second inductor are homonymous ends, and when it is determined that the third DC power supply and the fourth DC power supply need power support:
the first direct current power supply provides power for the third direct current power supply, so that the first power switch works at high frequency, the second power switch and the fourth power switch are closed, and the third power switch is opened.
The second direct current power supply provides power for the fourth direct current power supply, so that the sixth power switch works at high frequency, the fifth power switch and the seventh power switch are closed, and the eighth power switch is opened.
Preferably, the bipolar bidirectional up-down DC-DC converter with the function of suppressing DC voltage imbalance is provided, and the first end of the first inductor and the second end of the second inductor are homonymous ends, and when it is determined that the first DC power supply and the second DC power supply need power support, the control circuit:
the third direct current power supply provides power for the first direct current power supply, so that the third power switch works at high frequency, the fourth power switch and the second power switch are closed, and the first power switch is opened.
The fourth direct-current power supply provides power for the second direct-current power supply, so that the eighth power switch works at a high frequency, the seventh power switch and the fifth power switch are closed, and the sixth power switch is opened.
Preferably, the bipolar bidirectional up-down type DC-DC converter with function of suppressing DC voltage imbalance is provided, and the first end of the first inductor and the second end of the second inductor are dotted terminals, and when it is determined that the third DC voltage and the fourth DC voltage are unbalanced and need to be adjusted, and the third DC voltage is greater than the fourth DC voltage:
the third direct current power supply provides power for the first direct current power supply, so that the third power switch works at high frequency, the fourth power switch and the second power switch are closed, and the first power switch is opened.
The third direct current power supply provides power for the second direct current power supply, so that the third power switch works at high frequency, the fourth power switch is closed, and the first power switch and the second power switch are disconnected. The fifth power switch is closed, and the sixth power switch, the seventh power switch and the eighth power switch are opened. In the closing time of the third power switch, the third direct-current power supply provides electric energy for the first inductor, and the first inductor stores energy; during the off time of the third power switch, the energy stored in the first inductor is provided to the second direct current power supply in a flyback mode;
preferably, the bipolar bidirectional up-down type DC-DC converter with function of suppressing DC voltage imbalance is provided, and the first end of the first inductor and the second end of the second inductor are dotted terminals, and when it is determined that the third DC voltage and the fourth DC voltage are unbalanced and need to be adjusted, and the third DC voltage is smaller than the fourth DC voltage:
the fourth direct-current power supply provides power for the first direct-current power supply, so that the eighth power switch works at a high frequency, the seventh power switch is closed, and the fifth power switch and the sixth power switch are opened. The second power switch is closed, and the first, third and fourth power switches are opened. In the closing time of the eighth power switch, the fourth direct-current power supply provides electric energy for the second inductor, and the second inductor stores energy; during the off time of the eighth power switch, the energy stored in the second inductor is provided to the first direct current power supply in a flyback manner;
the fourth direct-current power supply provides power for the second direct-current power supply, so that the eighth power switch works at a high frequency, the seventh power switch and the fifth power switch are closed, and the sixth power switch is opened.
Preferably, the bipolar bidirectional up-down DC-DC converter with function of suppressing DC voltage imbalance is provided, and the first end of the first inductor and the second end of the second inductor are homonymous ends, and when it is determined that the first DC voltage and the second DC voltage imbalance need to be adjusted, and the first DC voltage is greater than the second DC voltage:
the first direct current power supply provides power for the third direct current power supply, so that the first power switch works at high frequency, the second power switch and the fourth power switch are closed, and the third power switch is opened.
The first direct current power supply provides power for the fourth direct current power supply, so that the first power switch works at high frequency, the second power switch is closed, and the third power switch and the fourth power switch are opened. The seventh power switch is closed, and the fifth, sixth and eighth power switches are opened. In the closing time of the first power switch, the first direct-current power supply provides electric energy for the first inductor, and the first inductor stores energy; during the off time of the first power switch, the energy stored in the first inductor is provided to the fourth direct current power supply in a flyback mode;
preferably, the bipolar bidirectional up-down DC-DC converter with function of suppressing DC voltage imbalance is provided, and the first end of the first inductor and the second end of the second inductor are homonymous ends, and when it is determined that the first DC voltage and the second DC voltage imbalance need to be adjusted, and the first DC voltage is lower than the second DC voltage:
the second direct current power supply provides power for the third direct current power supply, so that the sixth power switch works at high frequency, the fifth power switch is closed, and the seventh power switch and the eighth power switch are opened. The fourth power switch is closed, and the first, second and third power switches are opened. In the closing time of the sixth power switch, the second direct-current power supply provides electric energy for the second inductor, and the second inductor stores energy; during the off time of the sixth power switch, the energy stored in the second inductor is provided to the third direct current power supply in a flyback mode;
the second direct-current power supply provides power for the fourth direct-current power supply, so that the sixth power switch works at a high frequency, the fifth power switch and the seventh power switch are closed, and the eighth power switch is opened.
Preferably, the bipolar bidirectional up-down DC-DC converter with the function of suppressing DC voltage imbalance is provided, and the first end of the first inductor and the first end of the second inductor are homonymous ends, and when it is determined that the third DC power supply and the fourth DC power supply need power support:
the first direct current power supply provides power for the third direct current power supply, so that the first power switch works at high frequency, the second power switch and the fourth power switch are closed, and the third power switch is opened.
The second direct-current power supply provides power for the fourth direct-current power supply, so that the sixth power switch works at a high frequency, the fifth power switch and the seventh power switch are closed, and the eighth power switch is opened.
Preferably, the bipolar bidirectional up-down DC-DC converter with the function of suppressing DC voltage imbalance is provided, and the first end of the first inductor and the first end of the second inductor are homonymous ends, and when it is determined that the first DC power supply and the second DC power supply need power support, the control circuit:
the third direct-current power supply provides power for the first direct-current power supply, so that the third power switch works at a high frequency, the fourth power switch and the second power switch are closed, and the first power switch is opened.
The fourth direct current power supply provides power for the second direct current power supply, so that the eighth power switch works at a high frequency, the seventh power switch and the fifth power switch are closed, and the sixth power switch is opened.
Preferably, the bipolar bidirectional up-down DC-DC converter with function of suppressing DC voltage imbalance is provided, and the first end of the first inductor and the first end of the second inductor are homonymous ends, and when it is determined that the first DC voltage and the second DC voltage imbalance need to be adjusted, and the first DC voltage is greater than the second DC voltage:
the first direct current power supply provides power for the second direct current power supply, so that the first power switch works at high frequency, the second power switch is closed, and the third power switch and the fourth power switch are opened. The fifth power switch is closed, and the sixth, seventh and eighth power switches are opened. In the closing time of the first power switch, the first direct-current power supply provides electric energy for the first inductor, and the first inductor stores energy; during the off time of the first power switch, the energy stored in the first inductor is provided to the second direct current power supply in a flyback mode;
preferably, the bipolar bidirectional up-down type DC-DC converter with function of suppressing DC voltage imbalance is provided, and the first end of the first inductor and the first end of the second inductor are dotted terminals, and when it is determined that the first DC voltage and the second DC voltage are unbalanced and need to be adjusted, and the first DC voltage is smaller than the second DC voltage:
the second direct current power supply supplies power to the first direct current power supply, so that the sixth power switch works at a high frequency, the fifth power switch is closed, and the seventh power switch and the eighth power switch are opened. The second power switch is closed, and the first, third and fourth power switches are opened. In the closing time of the sixth power switch, the second direct-current power supply provides electric energy for the second inductor, and the second inductor stores energy; during the off time of the sixth power switch, the energy stored in the second inductor is provided to the first direct current power supply in a flyback mode;
preferably, the bipolar bidirectional up-down DC-DC converter with function of suppressing DC voltage imbalance is provided, and the first end of the first inductor and the first end of the second inductor are homonymous ends, and when it is determined that the third DC voltage and the fourth DC voltage are unbalanced and need to be adjusted, and the third DC voltage is greater than the fourth DC voltage:
the third direct current power supply provides power for the fourth direct current power supply, so that the third power switch works at high frequency, the fourth power switch is closed, and the first power switch and the second power switch are disconnected. The seventh power switch is closed, and the fifth, sixth and eighth power switches are open. In the closing time of the third power switch, the third direct-current power supply provides electric energy for the first inductor, and the first inductor stores energy; during the off time of the third power switch, the energy stored in the first inductor is provided to the fourth direct current power supply in a flyback mode;
preferably, the bipolar bidirectional up-down DC-DC converter with function of suppressing DC voltage imbalance is provided, and the first end of the first inductor and the first end of the second inductor are homonymous ends, and when it is determined that the third DC voltage and the fourth DC voltage are unbalanced and need to be adjusted, and the third DC voltage is smaller than the fourth DC voltage:
the fourth direct current power supply provides power for the third direct current power supply, so that the eighth power switch works at high frequency, the seventh power switch is closed, and the fifth power switch and the sixth power switch are opened. The fourth power switch is closed, and the first, second and third power switches are opened. In the closing time of the eighth power switch, the fourth direct-current power supply provides electric energy for the second inductor, and the second inductor stores energy; in the off time of the eighth power switch, the energy stored in the second inductor is provided for the third direct current power supply in a flyback mode;
preferably, when the first dc power supply provides power to the third dc power supply, if the voltage across the third dc power supply is higher than the voltage across the first dc power supply, the first converter circuit is controlled to operate in the boost state; if the voltage at the two ends of the third direct current source is lower than the voltage at the two ends of the first direct current source, the first current transformation circuit is controlled to work in a voltage reduction state; when the third direct-current power supply provides power for the first direct-current power supply, if the voltage at two ends of the first direct-current power supply is higher than the voltage at two ends of the third direct-current power supply, the first current transformation circuit is controlled to work in a boosting state; and if the voltage at the two ends of the first direct current source is lower than the voltage at the two ends of the third direct current source, controlling the first current transformation circuit to work in a voltage reduction state.
Preferably, when the second dc power supply supplies power to the fourth dc power supply, if the voltage across the fourth dc power supply is higher than the voltage across the second dc power supply, the second converter circuit is controlled to operate in a step-up state; if the voltage at the two ends of the fourth direct current source is lower than the voltage at the two ends of the second direct current source, the second current transformation circuit is controlled to work in a voltage reduction state; when the fourth direct current power supply provides power for the second direct current power supply, if the voltage at two ends of the second direct current power supply is higher than the voltage at two ends of the fourth direct current power supply, the second current transformation circuit is controlled to work in a boosting state; and if the voltage at the two ends of the second direct current source is lower than the voltage at the two ends of the fourth direct current source, controlling the second current transformation circuit to work in a voltage reduction state.
Preferably, when voltage imbalance exists between the first direct current power supply and the second direct current power supply or between the third direct current power supply and the fourth direct current power supply and needs to be adjusted, the bipolar bidirectional step-up and step-down DC-DC converter is controlled to work in a voltage-sharing state.
Preferably, the first power switch to the eighth power switch are MOS field effect transistors, insulated gate bipolar transistors or integrated gate commutated thyristors.
Preferably, the first power switch and the second power switch, the third power switch and the fourth power switch, the fifth power switch and the sixth power switch, and the seventh power switch and the eighth power switch may be integrated into a whole.
The bipolar bidirectional four-port step-up-down DC-DC converter with the function of inhibiting the direct-current voltage unbalance couples the first inductor with the second inductor, and controls the states of the first power switch, the second power switch, the third power switch, the fourth power switch and the fourth power switch according to the first direct-current voltage, the fourth direct-current voltage, the current in the first inductor and the current in the second inductor by the control circuit, so that the energy flow between the first direct-current power supply and the fourth direct-current power supply is controlled; in addition, the first inductor and the second inductor of the DC-DC converter share the magnetic core, so that the cost and the volume can be saved; the DC-DC converter provides an energy exchange channel for the first current converting circuit and the second current converting circuit through the coupling inductor, can be used for adjusting the balance of the first direct current voltage and the second direct current voltage or the balance of the third direct current voltage and the fourth direct current voltage, and does not need an additional voltage balancing device.
Drawings
The features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily appreciated from the detailed description section provided below with reference to the drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a prior art bipolar three-wire DC power supply structure based on two DC-DC converters;
FIG. 2 is a bipolar three-wire DC power supply structure based on split bus capacitors in the prior art;
FIG. 3 is a prior art voltage balancer based bipolar three-wire DC power supply architecture;
fig. 4 is a partial circuit schematic diagram of a bipolar bidirectional up-down DC-DC converter with DC voltage imbalance suppression function according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which a first terminal of a first inductor and a second terminal of a second inductor are same-name terminals;
FIG. 5 is a partial circuit diagram of a bipolar bidirectional buck-boost DC-DC converter with a function of suppressing DC voltage imbalance according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the first terminal of the first inductor and the first terminal of the second inductor are the same terminals;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a control circuit and a detection circuit of a bipolar bidirectional buck-boost DC-DC converter with a function of suppressing DC voltage imbalance according to an embodiment of the present invention;
100. a first current-transforming circuit; 200. a second current transforming circuit; 300. a detection circuit; 400. a control circuit; e 1 A first DC power supply; c 1 A first smoothing capacitor; l is a radical of an alcohol P A first inductor; s 1 The first power switch; s. the 2 A second power switch; s. the 3 The third power switch; s 4 A fourth power switch; c 3 A third flat wave capacitor; e 3 A third DC power supply; e 2 A second DC power supply; c 2 A second flat wave capacitor; l is N A second inductor; s 5 The fifth power switch; s. the 6 Sixth powerA switch; s 7 A seventh power switch; s 8 The eighth power switch; c 4 A fourth flat wave capacitor; e 4 And a fourth DC power supply.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a bipolar bidirectional step-up and step-down DC-DC converter with a function of inhibiting direct-current voltage unbalance, aiming at the defects of an interface between a bipolar three-wire system power supply system and an energy storage unit in the prior art. The main idea of the invention is to couple a first inductor in a first current transformation circuit and a second inductor in a second current transformation circuit, and a first end of the first inductor and a second end of the second inductor are homonymous ends, or the first end of the first inductor and the first end of the second inductor are homonymous ends; then, the control circuit controls the states of the first to eighth power switches according to the first to fourth direct-current voltages and the currents in the first and second inductors, which are obtained by the detection circuit, and controls the flow and distribution of power among the four direct-current ports, so that the bidirectional DC-DC converter has the functions of a traditional bidirectional DC-DC converter, and can control the balance of the first and second direct-current voltages or the balance of the third and fourth direct-current voltages of the DC-DC converter.
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to fig. 4-6. Fig. 4 to 6 are schematic diagrams respectively showing partial structures of a bipolar bidirectional up-down type DC-DC converter having a function of suppressing DC voltage imbalance according to an embodiment of the present invention. The DC-DC converter of the embodiment of the invention comprises: a first current transforming circuit 100, a second current transforming circuit 200, a detection circuit 300 and a control circuit 400.
The first changeFlow circuit 100 includes a first direct current power source E 1 A first flat wave capacitor C 1 A first inductor L P A first power switch S 1 A second power switch S 2 A third power switch S 3 Fourth power switch S 4 A third flat wave capacitor C 3 And a third DC power supply E 3 . The first flat wave capacitor C 1 Respectively with a first direct current power supply E 1 Positive pole and first power switch S 1 Is connected to a first terminal of a first power switch S 1 Second terminal and second power switch S 2 Is connected to a second terminal of a second power switch S 2 Respectively with the first inductor L P And a third power switch S 3 Is connected to a third power switch S 3 Second terminal and fourth power switch S 4 Is connected to the second terminal of the fourth power switch S 4 Respectively connected with the third flat-wave capacitor C 3 And a third dc power supply E 3 Is connected with the negative pole of the first DC power supply E 1 Respectively with the first flat-wave capacitor C 1 Second terminal, first inductance L P Second terminal, third smoothing capacitor C 3 And a third DC power supply E 3 The positive electrodes of the two electrodes are connected and grounded;
the second converter circuit 200 comprises a second dc power supply E 2 A second flat wave capacitor C 2 A second inductor L N The fifth power switch S 5 Sixth power switch S 6 And a seventh power switch S 7 The eighth power switch S 8 A fourth flat wave capacitor C 4 And a fourth DC power supply E 4 . The second flat wave capacitor C 2 Respectively with a second DC power supply E 2 Negative pole of (2) and a fifth power switch S 5 Is connected to the first terminal of the fifth power switch S 5 Second terminal and sixth power switch S 6 To the sixth power switch S 6 Respectively with the second inductor L N First terminal and seventh power switch S 7 Is connected to a seventh power switch S 7 Second terminal and eighth power switch S 8 To (1)Two ends connected, an eighth power switch S 8 Respectively connected with a fourth smoothing capacitor C 4 And a fourth dc power supply E 4 Is connected with the positive pole of a second direct current power supply E 2 Respectively with a second smoothing capacitor C 2 First terminal of (1), second inductance L N Second terminal, fourth smoothing capacitor C 4 And a fourth DC power supply E 4 The negative electrodes of the two are connected and grounded;
first inductance L P And a second inductor L N Are coupled to each other and there are two coupling modes, i.e. the first inductance L P First terminal and second inductor L N The second terminal of (a) is a dotted terminal, or a first inductor L P First terminal and second inductor L N The first end of (a) is a homonymous end.
The detection circuit 300 is used for detecting the first dc voltage E of the first current-transforming circuit 100 1 A second DC voltage E 2 Current i in the first inductor LP A third DC voltage E of the second converter circuit 200 3 And a fourth DC voltage E 4 Current i in the second inductor LN And detecting the first DC voltage E 1 A second DC voltage E 2 Current i in the first inductor LP A third DC voltage E 3 A fourth DC voltage E 4 Current i in the second inductor LN To the control circuit 400.
The control circuit 400 is used for controlling the first DC voltage E detected by the detection circuit 300 1 A second DC voltage E 2 Current i in the first inductor LP A third DC voltage E 3 A fourth DC voltage E 4 Current i in the second inductor LN And sending a switch control signal to the controlled ends of the first to eighth power switches. The method can be divided into two working modes: a buck-boost mode and a voltage-sharing mode.
Preferably, the control circuit 400 is further configured to determine the duty ratio of the switching control signal according to the circuit parameter when transmitting the switching control signal. In particular, the amount of the solvent to be used,
under the step-up and step-down mode, the first end of the first inductor and the second end of the second inductor are dotted terminals, or the first end of the first inductor and the first end of the second inductor are dotted terminals,
when it is determined that the third DC power supply and the fourth DC power supply require power support: the control circuit 400 is used for applying the third DC voltage E 3 And a reference DC voltage E 34_ref Comparing, and sending the error to a buck-boost-voltage outer ring controller of the first converter circuit; the output result of the buck-boost voltage outer loop controller of the first current transformation circuit is multiplied by a coefficient and then fed back to the current i in the first inductor LP Comparing, and sending the error to a buck-boost current inner loop controller of the first current transformation circuit; finally, the control circuit 400 determines the duty ratio of the switch control signal in the first converter circuit according to the output result of the buck-boost-current inner-loop controller of the first converter circuit.
The control circuit 400 is used for applying the fourth DC voltage E 4 And a reference DC voltage E 34_ref Comparing, and sending the error to a buck-boost voltage outer ring controller of a second converter circuit; the output result of the buck-boost voltage outer loop controller of the second current transformation circuit is multiplied by a coefficient and then fed back to the current i in the second inductor LN Comparing, and sending the error to a buck-boost-current inner ring controller of a second converter circuit; finally, the control circuit 400 determines the duty cycle of the switch control signal in the second converter circuit according to the output result of the buck-boost-current inner loop controller of the second converter circuit.
When it is determined that the first direct current power supply and the second direct current power supply need power support, the first end of the first inductor and the second end of the second inductor are homonymous ends, or the first end of the first inductor and the first end of the second inductor are homonymous ends: the control circuit 400 is used for applying a first direct current voltage E 1 And a reference DC voltage E 12_ref Comparing, and sending the error to a buck-boost-voltage outer ring controller of the first converter circuit; the output result of the buck-boost voltage outer loop controller of the first current transformation circuit is multiplied by a coefficient and then fed back to the current i in the first inductor LP Comparing, and sending the error to a buck-boost-current inner ring controller of the first converter circuit; finally a control circuit 40And 0, determining the duty ratio of a switch control signal in the first current transformation circuit according to the output result of the buck-boost-current inner ring controller of the first current transformation circuit.
The control circuit 400 is used for applying the second DC voltage E 2 And a reference DC voltage E 12_ref Comparing, and sending the error to a buck-boost voltage outer ring controller of a second converter circuit; the output result of the buck-boost voltage outer loop controller of the second current transformation circuit is multiplied by a coefficient and then fed back to the current i in the second inductor LN Comparing, and sending the error to a buck-boost-current inner ring controller of a second converter circuit; finally, the control circuit 400 determines the duty ratio of the switch control signal in the second converter circuit according to the output result of the buck-boost-current inner-loop controller of the second converter circuit.
In the voltage-sharing mode, if the first end of the first inductor and the second end of the second inductor are homonymous ends, when it is determined that the third dc voltage and the fourth dc voltage are unbalanced and need to be adjusted and the third dc voltage is greater than the fourth dc voltage, the control circuit 400 is configured to control the third dc power to store energy through the first inductor while the third dc power and the fourth dc power supply provide power support to the first dc power and the second dc power, on the one hand, provide power to the first dc power and, on the other hand, provide power to the second dc power in a flyback manner.
In the voltage-sharing mode, if the first end of the first inductor and the second end of the second inductor are homonymous ends, when it is determined that the third dc voltage and the fourth dc voltage are unbalanced and need to be adjusted and the third dc voltage is smaller than the fourth dc voltage, the control circuit 400 is configured to control the fourth dc power to store energy through the second inductor during a period in which the third dc power and the fourth dc power supply provide power support to the first dc power and the second dc power supply, so as to provide power to the second dc power supply on the one hand and provide power to the first dc power supply in a flyback manner on the other hand.
In the voltage-sharing mode, if the first end of the first inductor and the first end of the second inductor are homonymous ends, when it is determined that the first direct-current voltage and the second direct-current voltage are unbalanced and need to be adjusted and the first direct-current voltage is greater than the second direct-current voltage, the control circuit 400 is configured to store energy in the first direct-current power supply through the first inductor during a period in which the first direct-current power supply and the second direct-current power supply provide power support for the third direct-current power supply and the fourth direct-current power supply, on one hand, provide power for the third direct-current power supply, and on the other hand, provide power for the fourth direct-current power supply in a flyback manner.
In the voltage-sharing mode, if the first end of the first inductor and the second end of the second inductor are homonymous ends, when the control circuit determines that the first direct-current voltage and the second direct-current voltage are unbalanced and need to be adjusted and the first direct-current voltage is smaller than the second direct-current voltage, the control circuit 400 is configured to store energy in the second inductor during a period in which the first direct-current power supply and the second direct-current power supply provide power support for the third direct-current power supply and the fourth direct-current power supply, so that power is provided to the fourth direct-current power supply on one hand and power is provided to the third direct-current power supply in a flyback manner on the other hand.
In the voltage-sharing mode, if the first end of the first inductor and the first end of the second inductor are dotted terminals, the control circuit 400 is configured to apply the second dc voltage E when it is determined that the first dc voltage and the second dc voltage are unbalanced and need to be adjusted and the first dc voltage is greater than the second dc voltage 2 And a reference DC voltage E 12_ref Comparing, and sending the error to a voltage-equalizing-flyback voltage outer ring controller of a second converter circuit; the output result of the voltage equalizing-flyback voltage outer loop controller of the second converter circuit is multiplied by a coefficient and then fed back to the current i in the first inductor LP Comparing, and sending the error to a voltage-sharing-flyback current inner loop controller of the first current transformation circuit; finally, the control circuit 400 determines the duty ratio of the switch control signal in the first converter circuit according to the output result of the voltage-sharing-flyback current inner loop controller of the first converter circuit.
Under the voltage-sharing mode, if the first end of the first inductor and the first end of the second inductor are homonymous ends, the control circuit 400 is used for adjusting the first direct-current voltage E when determining that the first direct-current voltage and the second direct-current voltage are unbalanced and the first direct-current voltage is less than the second direct-current voltage 1 With reference to direct currentPressure E 12_ref Comparing, and sending the error to a voltage-sharing-flyback voltage outer ring controller of the first current transformation circuit; the output result of the voltage equalizing-flyback voltage outer loop controller of the first converter circuit is multiplied by a coefficient and then fed back to the current i in the second inductor LN Comparing, and sending the error to a voltage-sharing-flyback current inner loop controller of a second current transformation circuit; finally, the control circuit 400 determines the duty ratio of the switch control signal in the second converter circuit according to the output result of the voltage-sharing-flyback current inner loop controller of the second converter circuit.
In the voltage equalizing mode, if the first end of the first inductor and the first end of the second inductor are homonymous ends, the control circuit 400 is configured to apply the fourth dc voltage E when it is determined that the third dc voltage and the fourth dc voltage are unbalanced and need to be adjusted and the third dc voltage is greater than the fourth dc voltage 4 And a reference DC voltage E 34_ref Comparing, and sending the error to a voltage-equalizing-flyback voltage outer ring controller of a second converter circuit; the output result of the voltage equalizing-flyback voltage outer loop controller of the second current transformation circuit is multiplied by a coefficient and then is fed back to the current i in the first inductor LP Comparing, and sending the error to a voltage-sharing-flyback current inner loop controller of the first current transformation circuit; finally, the control circuit 400 determines the duty ratio of the switch control signal in the first converter circuit according to the output result of the voltage-sharing-flyback current inner loop controller of the first converter circuit.
In the voltage equalizing mode, if the first end of the first inductor and the first end of the second inductor are homonymous ends, the control circuit 400 is configured to apply the third dc voltage E when it is determined that the third dc voltage and the fourth dc voltage are unbalanced and need to be adjusted, and the third dc voltage is lower than the fourth dc voltage 3 And a reference DC voltage E 34_ref Comparing, and sending the error to a voltage-sharing-flyback voltage outer ring controller of the first current transformation circuit; the output result of the voltage equalizing-flyback voltage outer loop controller of the first converter circuit is multiplied by a coefficient and then fed back to the current i in the second inductor LN Comparing, and sending the error to a voltage-sharing-flyback current inner loop controller of a second current transformation circuit; final control circuit 400 the duty ratio of the switch control signal in the second current transformation circuit is determined according to the output result of the voltage-sharing-flyback current inner loop controller of the second current transformation circuit.
Two modes of the present invention will be described in detail below.
One, step-up-down mode
Preferably, the first end of the first inductor and the second end of the second inductor are homonymous terminals, or the first end of the first inductor and the first end of the second inductor are homonymous terminals, and the control circuit 400 determines that the third dc power supply E is provided 3 And a fourth DC power supply E 4 When power support is needed, the following operations are carried out:
first DC power supply E 1 To a third DC power supply E 3 Providing power to the first power switch S 1 Operating at high frequency, second power switch S 2 And a fourth power switch S 4 Closed, third power switch S 3 And (5) disconnecting.
Second DC power supply E 2 To a fourth DC power supply E 4 Supplying power to the sixth power switch S 6 High frequency operation, fifth power switch S 5 And a seventh power switch S 7 Closed, eighth power switch S 8 And (4) disconnecting.
Preferably, the first end of the first inductor and the second end of the second inductor are dotted terminals, or the first end of the first inductor and the first end of the second inductor are dotted terminals, and the control circuit 400 determines that the first direct current power supply E is a direct current power supply 1 And a second DC power supply E 2 When power support is needed, the following operations are carried out:
third DC power supply E 3 To a first direct current source E 1 Supplying power to the third power switch S 3 Operating at high frequency, fourth power switch S 4 And a second power switch S 2 Closed, first power switch S 1 And (5) disconnecting.
Fourth DC power supply E 4 To a second DC power supply E 2 Supplying power to the eighth power switch S 8 High frequency operation, seventh power switch S 7 And a fifth power switch S 5 Closed, sixth power switch S 6 And (4) disconnecting.
Second, voltage equalizing mode
Preferably, if the first inductance L P First terminal and second inductor L N Is the same name terminal, the control circuit 400 determines the third DC voltage E 3 And a fourth DC voltage E 4 Unbalance to be adjusted, and a third DC voltage E 3 Greater than the fourth direct voltage E 4 The following operations are carried out:
third DC power supply E 3 To a first DC power supply E 1 Supplying power to the third power switch S 3 Operating at high frequency, fourth power switch S 4 And a second power switch S 2 Closed, first power switch S 1 And (4) disconnecting.
Third DC power supply E 3 To a second DC power supply E 2 Supplying power to the third power switch S 3 Operating at high frequency, fourth power switch S 4 Closed, first and second power switches S 1 、S 2 And (5) disconnecting. Fifth power switch S 5 Closed, sixth, seventh, eighth power switch S 6 、S 7 、S 8 And (5) disconnecting. Wherein in the third power switch S 3 During the closing time, the third DC power supply E 3 For the first inductor L P Providing electric energy, a first inductor L P Storing energy; at the third power switch S 3 During the off-time, the voltage is stored in the first inductor L P The energy in the second direct current power supply E is supplied to the second direct current power supply E in a flyback mode 2 。
Preferably, if the first inductance L P First terminal of and second inductance L N Is the same name terminal, the control circuit 400 determines the third DC voltage E 3 And a fourth DC voltage E 4 Unbalance to be adjusted, and a third DC voltage E 3 Less than the fourth DC voltage E 4 The following operations are carried out:
fourth DC power supply E 4 To a first DC power supply E 1 Supplying power to the eighth power switch S 8 High frequency operation, seventh power switch S 7 Closed, fifth and sixth power switches S 5 、S 6 And (5) disconnecting. Second power switchS 2 Closed, first, third and fourth power switches S 1 、S 3 、S 4 And (5) disconnecting. Wherein in the eighth power switch S 8 During the closing time, the fourth DC power supply E 4 For the second inductor L N Providing electrical energy, a second inductance L N Storing energy; at the eighth power switch S 8 During the off-time, the voltage is stored in the second inductor L N The energy in the first DC power supply E is provided by a flyback mode 1 ；
Fourth DC power supply E 4 To a second DC power supply E 2 Supplying power to the eighth power switch S 8 High frequency operation, seventh power switch S 7 And a fifth power switch S 5 Closed, sixth power switch S 6 And (5) disconnecting.
Preferably, if the first inductance L P First terminal and second inductor L N Is the same name terminal, the control circuit 400 determines the first direct current voltage E 1 And a second direct voltage E 2 Unbalance needs to be adjusted, and the first direct-current voltage E 1 Greater than the second DC voltage E 2 The following operations are carried out:
first DC power supply E 1 To a third DC power supply E 3 Providing power to the first power switch S 1 Operating at high frequency, second power switch S 2 And a fourth power switch S 4 Closed, third power switch S 4 And (5) disconnecting.
First DC power supply E 1 To a fourth DC power supply E 4 Providing power to the first power switch S 1 Operating at high frequency, second power switch S 2 Closed, third and fourth power switches S 3 、S 4 And (5) disconnecting. Seventh power switch S 7 Closed, fifth, sixth, eighth power switch S 5 、S 6 、S 8 And (4) disconnecting. Wherein in the first power switch S 1 During the closing time, the first DC power supply E 1 For the first inductor L P Supply electric energy, first inductance L P Storing energy; at the first power switch S 1 During the off-time, the voltage is stored in the first inductor L P Through flyback modeSupplied to a fourth DC power supply E 4 。
Preferably, if the first inductance L P First terminal and second inductor L N Is the same name terminal, the control circuit 400 determines the first direct current voltage E 1 And a second direct voltage E 2 Unbalance needs to be adjusted, and the first direct voltage E 1 Less than the second DC voltage E 2 The following operations are carried out:
second DC power supply E 2 To a third DC power supply E 3 Supplying power to the sixth power switch S 6 High frequency operation, fifth power switch S 5 Closed, seventh, eighth power switch S 7 、S 8 And (5) disconnecting. Fourth power switch S 4 Closed, first, second and third power switches S 1 、S 2 、S 3 And (5) disconnecting. Wherein in the sixth power switch S 6 During the closing time, the second DC power supply E 2 For the second inductor L N Providing electrical energy, a second inductor L N Storing energy; at the sixth power switch S 6 During the off-time, the voltage is stored in the second inductor L N The energy in the second direct current power supply E is supplied to the third direct current power supply E in a flyback mode 3 ；
Second DC power supply E 2 To a fourth DC power supply E 4 Supplying power to the sixth power switch S 6 High frequency operation, fifth power switch S 5 And a seventh power switch S 7 Closed, eighth power switch S 8 And (5) disconnecting.
Preferably, if the first inductance L P First terminal and second inductor L N Is the same name terminal, the control circuit 400 determines the third DC power supply E 3 And a fourth DC power supply E 4 When power support is needed, the following operations are performed:
first DC power supply E 1 To a third DC power supply E 3 Providing power to the first power switch S 1 Operating at high frequency, second power switch S 2 And a fourth power switch S 4 Closed, third power switch S 3 And (5) disconnecting.
Second DC power supply E 2 To a fourth DC power supplyE 4 Supplying power to the sixth power switch S 6 High frequency operation, fifth power switch S 5 And a seventh power switch S 7 Closed, eighth power switch S 8 And (4) disconnecting.
Preferably, if the first inductance L P First terminal and second inductor L N Is the same name terminal, the control circuit 400 determines the first direct current power supply E 1 And a second DC power supply E 2 When power support is needed, the following operations are carried out:
third DC power supply E 3 To a first DC power supply E 1 Supplying power to the third power switch S 3 Operating at high frequency, fourth power switch S 4 And a second power switch S 2 Closed, first power switch S 1 And (5) disconnecting.
Fourth DC power supply E 4 To a second DC power supply E 2 Supplying power to the eighth power switch S 8 High frequency operation, seventh power switch S 7 And a fifth power switch S 5 Closed, sixth power switch S 6 And (4) disconnecting.
Preferably, if the first inductance L P First terminal and second inductor L N The control circuit 400 performs the following operations when it is determined that the first dc voltage and the second dc voltage are unbalanced and need to be adjusted, and the first dc voltage is greater than the second dc voltage:
first DC power supply E 1 To a second DC power supply E 2 Providing power to the first power switch S 1 Operating at high frequency, second power switch S 2 Closed, third and fourth power switches S 3 、S 4 And (5) disconnecting. Fifth power switch S 5 Closed, sixth, seventh, eighth power switch S 6 、S 7 、S 8 And (5) disconnecting. Wherein in the first power switch S 1 During the closing time, the first DC power supply E 1 For the first inductor L P Providing electric energy, a first inductor L P Storing energy; at the first power switch S 1 During the off-time, the voltage is stored in the first inductor L P The energy in the second direct current power supply E is supplied to the second direct current power supply E in a flyback mode 2 ；
Preferably, if the first inductance L P First terminal and second inductor L N The control circuit 400 performs the following operations when it is determined that the first dc voltage and the second dc voltage are unbalanced and need to be adjusted, and the first dc voltage is smaller than the second dc voltage:
second DC power supply E 2 To a first direct current source E 1 Supplying power to the sixth power switch S 6 High frequency operation, fifth power switch S 5 Closed, seventh, eighth power switch S 7 、S 8 And (4) disconnecting. Second power switch S 2 Closed, first, third and fourth power switches S 1 、S 3 、S 4 And (5) disconnecting. Wherein in the sixth power switch S 6 During the closing time, the second DC power supply E 2 For the second inductor L N Providing electrical energy, a second inductance L N Storing energy; at the sixth power switch S 6 During the off-time, the voltage is stored in the second inductor L N The energy in the first DC power supply E is provided by a flyback mode 1 ；
Preferably, if the first inductance L P First terminal and second inductor L N The control circuit 400 performs the following operations when it is determined that the third dc voltage and the fourth dc voltage are unbalanced and need to be adjusted, and the third dc voltage is greater than the fourth dc voltage:
third DC power supply E 3 To a fourth DC power supply E 4 Supplying power to the third power switch S 3 Operating at high frequency, fourth power switch S 4 Closed, first and second power switches S 1 、S 2 And (5) disconnecting. Seventh power switch S 7 Closed, fifth, sixth, eighth power switch S 5 、S 6 、S 8 And (5) disconnecting. Wherein in the third power switch S 3 During the closing time, the third DC power supply E 3 For the first inductor L P Providing electric energy, a first inductor L P Storing energy; at the third power switch S 3 During the off-time, the voltage is stored in the first inductor L P The energy in the energy storage device is supplied to the energy storage device in a flyback modeFourth DC power supply E 4 ；
Preferably, if the first inductance L P First terminal and second inductor L N The control circuit 400 performs the following operations when it is determined that the third dc voltage and the fourth dc voltage are unbalanced and need to be adjusted, and the third dc voltage is smaller than the fourth dc voltage:
fourth DC power supply E 4 To a third DC power supply E 3 Supplying power to the eighth power switch S 8 High frequency operation, seventh power switch S 7 Closed, fifth and sixth power switches S 5 、S 6 And (5) disconnecting. Fourth power switch S 4 Closed, first, second and third power switches S 1 、S 2 、S 3 And (4) disconnecting. Wherein in the eighth power switch S 8 During the closing time, the fourth DC power supply E 4 For the second inductor L N Providing electrical energy, a second inductance L N Storing energy; at the eighth power switch S 8 During the off-time, the voltage is stored in the second inductor L N The energy in the second direct current power supply E is supplied to the third direct current power supply E in a flyback mode 3 ；
In an embodiment of the present invention, the first to eighth power switches may be MOS field effect transistors (MOSFETs), Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBTs), Integrated Gate Commutated Thyristors (IGCTs), or the like. Preferably, the first to eighth power switches are N-channel MOS field effect transistors (MOSFETs). By adopting the MOS type field effect transistor as the switching device, the conduction loss can be further reduced. Preferably, the first power switch and the second power switch, the third power switch and the fourth power switch, the fifth power switch and the sixth power switch, and the seventh power switch and the eighth power switch may be integrated into a whole.
In the embodiment of the invention, the first inductor and the second inductor are coupled, the detection circuit detects and obtains the first direct current voltage, the third direct current voltage, the current in the first inductor, the second direct current voltage, the fourth direct current voltage and the current in the second inductor of the first current converting circuit, and the control circuit controls the states of the first power switch, the second power switch, the third power switch, the fourth power switch and the eighth power switch, so that the normal operation of the DC-DC converter can be ensured under various working conditions.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (15)

1. A bipolar bidirectional up-down DC-DC converter with a function of suppressing direct-current voltage unbalance is characterized by mainly comprising: the device comprises a first current transformation circuit, a second current transformation circuit, a detection circuit and a control circuit;
the first current transformation circuit comprises a first direct-current power supply, a first smoothing capacitor, a first inductor, a first power switch, a second power switch, a third power switch, a fourth power switch, a third smoothing capacitor and a third direct-current power supply; the first end of the first flat wave capacitor is connected with the anode of a first direct current power supply and the first end of a first power switch respectively, the second end of the first power switch is connected with the second end of a second power switch, the first end of the second power switch is connected with the first end of a first inductor and the first end of a third power switch respectively, the second end of the third power switch is connected with the second end of a fourth power switch, the first end of the fourth power switch is connected with the second end of the third flat wave capacitor and the cathode of the third direct current power supply respectively, and the cathode of the first direct current power supply is connected with the second end of the first flat wave capacitor, the second end of the first inductor, the first end of the third flat wave capacitor and the anode of the third direct current power supply respectively and is grounded;
the second current transformation circuit comprises a second direct-current power supply, a second smoothing capacitor, a second inductor, a fifth power switch, a sixth power switch, a seventh power switch, an eighth power switch, a fourth smoothing capacitor and a fourth direct-current power supply; the second end of the second flat wave capacitor is connected with the negative electrode of the second direct current power supply and the first end of the fifth power switch respectively, the second end of the fifth power switch is connected with the second end of the sixth power switch, the first end of the sixth power switch is connected with the first end of the second inductor and the first end of the seventh power switch respectively, the second end of the seventh power switch is connected with the second end of the eighth power switch, the first end of the eighth power switch is connected with the first end of the fourth flat wave capacitor and the positive electrode of the fourth direct current power supply respectively, and the positive electrode of the second direct current power supply is connected with the first end of the second flat wave capacitor, the second end of the second inductor, the second end of the fourth flat wave capacitor and the negative electrode of the fourth direct current power supply respectively and is grounded;
the first inductor and the second inductor are coupled with each other, and two coupling modes exist, namely a first end of the first inductor and a second end of the second inductor are homonymous ends, or the first end of the first inductor and the first end of the second inductor are homonymous ends;
the detection circuit is used for detecting a first direct current voltage, a third direct current voltage, a current in the first inductor, a second direct current voltage, a fourth direct current voltage and a current in the second inductor of the first current transformation circuit and feeding back the first direct current voltage, the third direct current voltage, the current in the first inductor and the current in the second inductor to the control circuit;
the control circuit is used for sending a switch control signal to the controlled ends of the first to eighth power switches according to the first to fourth direct-current voltages and the currents in the first and second inductors;
if the first end of the first inductor and the second end of the second inductor are homonymous ends, when the control circuit determines that the third direct-current power supply and the fourth direct-current power supply need power support: controlling the first direct current power supply to supply power to the third direct current power supply, and controlling the second direct current power supply to supply power to the fourth direct current power supply;
if the first end of the first inductor and the second end of the second inductor are homonymous ends, when the control circuit determines that the first direct-current power supply and the second direct-current power supply need power support: controlling the third direct current power supply to supply power to the first direct current power supply, and controlling the fourth direct current power supply to supply power to the second direct current power supply;
if the first end of the first inductor and the second end of the second inductor are homonymous ends, when the control circuit determines that the third direct-current voltage and the fourth direct-current voltage are unbalanced and need to be adjusted and the third direct-current voltage is greater than the fourth direct-current voltage, the third direct-current power supply stores energy through the first inductor during the period that the third direct-current power supply and the fourth direct-current power supply provide power support for the first direct-current power supply and the second direct-current power supply, on one hand, the third direct-current power supply provides power for the first direct-current power supply, and on the other hand, the third direct-current power supply provides power for the second direct-current power supply in a flyback mode;
if the first end of the first inductor and the second end of the second inductor are homonymous ends, when the control circuit determines that the third direct-current voltage and the fourth direct-current voltage are unbalanced and need to be adjusted and the third direct-current voltage is smaller than the fourth direct-current voltage, the fourth direct-current power supply stores energy through the second inductor during the period that the third direct-current power supply and the fourth direct-current power supply provide power support for the first direct-current power supply and the second direct-current power supply, on one hand, the fourth direct-current power supply provides power for the second direct-current power supply, and on the other hand, the fourth direct-current power supply provides power for the first direct-current power supply in a flyback mode;
if the first end of the first inductor and the second end of the second inductor are homonymous ends, when the control circuit determines that the first direct-current voltage and the second direct-current voltage are unbalanced and need to be adjusted and the first direct-current voltage is greater than the second direct-current voltage, the first direct-current power supply stores energy through the first inductor during the period that the first direct-current power supply and the second direct-current power supply provide power support for the third direct-current power supply and the fourth direct-current power supply, on one hand, the third direct-current power supply is provided with power, and on the other hand, the fourth direct-current power supply is provided with power in a flyback mode;
if the first end of the first inductor and the second end of the second inductor are homonymous ends, when the control circuit determines that the first direct-current voltage and the second direct-current voltage are unbalanced and need to be adjusted and the first direct-current voltage is smaller than the second direct-current voltage, the second direct-current power supply stores energy through the second inductor during the period that the first direct-current power supply and the second direct-current power supply provide power support for the third direct-current power supply and the fourth direct-current power supply, on one hand, power is provided for the fourth direct-current power supply, and on the other hand, power is provided for the third direct-current power supply in a flyback mode;
if the first end of the first inductor and the first end of the second inductor are homonymous ends, when the control circuit determines that the third direct-current power supply and the fourth direct-current power supply need power support: controlling the first direct current power supply to supply power to the third direct current power supply, and controlling the second direct current power supply to supply power to the fourth direct current power supply;
if the first end of the first inductor and the first end of the second inductor are homonymous ends, when the control circuit determines that the first direct-current power supply and the second direct-current power supply need power support: controlling the third direct current power supply to supply power to the first direct current power supply, and controlling the fourth direct current power supply to supply power to the second direct current power supply;
if the first end of the first inductor and the first end of the second inductor are homonymous ends, when the control circuit determines that the first direct-current voltage and the second direct-current voltage are unbalanced and need to be adjusted and the first direct-current voltage is greater than the second direct-current voltage, the first direct-current power supply stores energy through the first inductor and then provides power for the second direct-current power supply in a flyback mode;
if the first end of the first inductor and the first end of the second inductor are homonymous ends, when the control circuit determines that the first direct-current voltage and the second direct-current voltage are unbalanced and need to be adjusted and the first direct-current voltage is smaller than the second direct-current voltage, the second direct-current power supply stores energy through the second inductor and then provides power to the first direct-current power supply in a flyback mode;
if the first end of the first inductor and the first end of the second inductor are homonymous ends, when the control circuit determines that the third direct-current voltage and the fourth direct-current voltage are unbalanced and need to be adjusted and the third direct-current voltage is greater than the fourth direct-current voltage, the third direct-current power supply stores energy through the first inductor and then provides power for the fourth direct-current power supply in a flyback mode;
if the first end of the first inductor and the first end of the second inductor are homonymous ends, when the control circuit determines that the third direct-current voltage and the fourth direct-current voltage are unbalanced and need to be adjusted and the third direct-current voltage is smaller than the fourth direct-current voltage, the fourth direct-current power supply stores energy through the second inductor and then provides power for the first direct-current power supply in a flyback mode.
2. The bi-polar bi-directional up-down type DC-DC converter with DC voltage imbalance suppression function of claim 1, wherein the first terminal of the first inductor and the second terminal of the second inductor are homonymous terminals, and when it is determined that the third DC power supply and the fourth DC power supply require power support, the control circuit:
the first direct-current power supply provides power for the third direct-current power supply, so that the first power switch works at high frequency, the second power switch and the fourth power switch are closed, and the third power switch is opened;
the second direct current power supply provides power for the fourth direct current power supply, so that the sixth power switch works at high frequency, the fifth power switch and the seventh power switch are closed, and the eighth power switch is opened.
3. The bi-polar bi-directional up-down type DC-DC converter with DC voltage imbalance suppression function of claim 1, wherein the first terminal of the first inductor and the second terminal of the second inductor are homonymous terminals, and wherein when determining that the first DC power source and the second DC power source need power support:
the third direct-current power supply provides power for the first direct-current power supply, so that the third power switch works at a high frequency, the fourth power switch and the second power switch are closed, and the first power switch is opened;
the fourth direct current power supply provides power for the second direct current power supply, so that the eighth power switch works at a high frequency, the seventh power switch and the fifth power switch are closed, and the sixth power switch is opened.
4. The bipolar bidirectional buck-boost DC-DC converter with DC voltage imbalance suppression as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first terminal of the first inductor and the second terminal of the second inductor are homonymous terminals, and the control circuit is further configured to, when it is determined that the third DC voltage and the fourth DC voltage are unbalanced to be adjusted, and the third DC voltage is greater than the fourth DC voltage:
the third direct-current power supply provides power for the first direct-current power supply, so that the third power switch works at a high frequency, the fourth power switch and the second power switch are closed, and the first power switch is opened;
the third direct current power supply provides power for the second direct current power supply, so that the third power switch works at high frequency, the fourth power switch is closed, and the first power switch and the second power switch are disconnected; the fifth power switch is closed, and the sixth power switch, the seventh power switch and the eighth power switch are opened; in the closing time of the third power switch, the third direct-current power supply provides electric energy for the first inductor, and the first inductor stores energy; during the off time of the third power switch, the energy stored in the first inductor is provided to the second direct current power supply in a flyback mode.
5. The bipolar bidirectional buck-boost DC-DC converter with DC voltage imbalance suppression as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first terminal of the first inductor and the second terminal of the second inductor are homonymous terminals, and the control circuit is further configured to, when it is determined that the third DC voltage and the fourth DC voltage are unbalanced to be adjusted, and the third DC voltage is smaller than the fourth DC voltage:
the fourth direct-current power supply provides power for the first direct-current power supply, so that the eighth power switch works at a high frequency, the seventh power switch is closed, and the fifth power switch and the sixth power switch are opened; the second power switch is closed, and the first power switch, the third power switch and the fourth power switch are opened; in the closing time of the eighth power switch, the fourth direct-current power supply provides electric energy for the second inductor, and the second inductor stores energy; during the off time of the eighth power switch, the energy stored in the second inductor is provided to the first direct current power supply in a flyback manner;
the fourth direct-current power supply provides power for the second direct-current power supply, so that the eighth power switch works at a high frequency, the seventh power switch and the fifth power switch are closed, and the sixth power switch is opened.
6. The bipolar bi-directional step-up-down DC-DC converter with DC voltage imbalance suppression function as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first terminal of the first inductor and the second terminal of the second inductor are homonymous terminals, and the control circuit is further configured to, when it is determined that the first DC voltage and the second DC voltage are unbalanced to be adjusted and the first DC voltage is greater than the second DC voltage:
the first direct-current power supply provides power for the third direct-current power supply, so that the first power switch works at a high frequency, the second power switch and the fourth power switch are closed, and the third power switch is opened;
the first direct-current power supply provides power for the fourth direct-current power supply, so that the first power switch works at a high frequency, the second power switch is closed, and the third power switch and the fourth power switch are opened; the seventh power switch is closed, and the fifth, sixth and eighth power switches are opened; in the closing time of the first power switch, the first direct-current power supply provides electric energy for the first inductor, and the first inductor stores energy; during the off time of the first power switch, the energy stored in the first inductor is provided to the fourth dc power supply in a flyback manner.
7. The bi-polar bi-directional up-down type DC-DC converter with DC voltage imbalance suppression function according to claim 1, wherein the first terminal of the first inductor and the second terminal of the second inductor are homonymous terminals, and when it is determined that the first DC voltage and the second DC voltage imbalance require regulation, and the first DC voltage is smaller than the second DC voltage:
the second direct-current power supply provides power for the third direct-current power supply, so that the sixth power switch works at a high frequency, the fifth power switch is closed, and the seventh power switch and the eighth power switch are opened; the fourth power switch is closed, and the first power switch, the second power switch and the third power switch are opened; in the closing time of the sixth power switch, the second direct-current power supply provides electric energy for the second inductor, and the second inductor stores energy; during the off time of the sixth power switch, the energy stored in the second inductor is provided to the third direct current power supply in a flyback mode;
the second direct-current power supply provides power for the fourth direct-current power supply, so that the sixth power switch works at a high frequency, the fifth power switch and the seventh power switch are closed, and the eighth power switch is opened.
8. The bipolar bidirectional buck-boost DC-DC converter with DC voltage imbalance suppression as recited in claim 1, wherein the first terminal of the first inductor and the first terminal of the second inductor are homonymous terminals, and wherein when the control circuit determines that the third DC power source and the fourth DC power source require power support:
the first direct-current power supply provides power for the third direct-current power supply, so that the first power switch works at a high frequency, the second power switch and the fourth power switch are closed, and the third power switch is opened;
the second direct current power supply provides power for the fourth direct current power supply, so that the sixth power switch works at high frequency, the fifth power switch and the seventh power switch are closed, and the eighth power switch is opened.
9. The bipolar bidirectional buck-boost DC-DC converter with DC voltage imbalance suppression as recited in claim 1, wherein the first terminal of the first inductor and the first terminal of the second inductor are homonymous terminals, and wherein when the control circuit determines that the first DC power source and the second DC power source require power support:
the third direct-current power supply provides power for the first direct-current power supply, so that the third power switch works at a high frequency, the fourth power switch and the second power switch are closed, and the first power switch is opened;
the fourth direct current power supply provides power for the second direct current power supply, so that the eighth power switch works at a high frequency, the seventh power switch and the fifth power switch are closed, and the sixth power switch is opened.
10. The bipolar bidirectional buck-boost DC-DC converter with DC voltage imbalance suppression as recited in claim 1, wherein the first terminal of the first inductor and the first terminal of the second inductor are dotted terminals, and wherein when it is determined that the first DC voltage and the second DC voltage imbalance require regulation, and the first DC voltage is greater than the second DC voltage:
the first direct current power supply provides power for the second direct current power supply, so that the first power switch works at high frequency, the second power switch is closed, and the third power switch and the fourth power switch are opened; the fifth power switch is closed, and the sixth power switch, the seventh power switch and the eighth power switch are opened; in the closing time of the first power switch, the first direct-current power supply provides electric energy for the first inductor, and the first inductor stores energy; during the off time of the first power switch, the energy stored in the first inductor is provided to the second direct current power supply in a flyback mode.
11. The bipolar bidirectional buck-boost DC-DC converter with DC voltage imbalance suppression as recited in claim 1, wherein the first terminal of the first inductor and the first terminal of the second inductor are dotted terminals, and wherein when it is determined that the first DC voltage and the second DC voltage imbalance require regulation, and the first DC voltage is less than the second DC voltage:
the second direct-current power supply provides power for the first direct-current power supply, so that the sixth power switch works at a high frequency, the fifth power switch is closed, and the seventh power switch and the eighth power switch are opened; the second power switch is closed, and the first power switch, the third power switch and the fourth power switch are opened; in the closing time of the sixth power switch, the second direct-current power supply provides electric energy for the second inductor, and the second inductor stores energy; during the off time of the sixth power switch, the energy stored in the second inductor is provided to the first dc power supply in a flyback manner.
12. The bipolar bidirectional buck-boost DC-DC converter with DC voltage imbalance suppression as recited in claim 1, wherein the first terminal of the first inductor and the first terminal of the second inductor are homonymous terminals, and when it is determined that the third DC voltage and the fourth DC voltage are unbalanced and need to be adjusted, and the third DC voltage is greater than the fourth DC voltage:
the third direct-current power supply provides power for the fourth direct-current power supply, so that the third power switch works at a high frequency, the fourth power switch is closed, and the first power switch and the second power switch are disconnected; the seventh power switch is closed, and the fifth, sixth and eighth power switches are opened; in the closing time of the third power switch, the third direct-current power supply provides electric energy for the first inductor, and the first inductor stores energy; during the off time of the third power switch, the energy stored in the first inductor is provided to the fourth direct current power supply in a flyback manner.
13. The bipolar bidirectional buck-boost DC-DC converter with DC voltage imbalance suppression as recited in claim 1, wherein the first terminal of the first inductor and the first terminal of the second inductor are homonymous terminals, and when it is determined that the third DC voltage and the fourth DC voltage are unbalanced and need to be adjusted, and the third DC voltage is smaller than the fourth DC voltage:
the fourth direct-current power supply provides power for the third direct-current power supply, so that the eighth power switch works at a high frequency, the seventh power switch is closed, and the fifth power switch and the sixth power switch are opened; the fourth power switch is closed, and the first power switch, the second power switch and the third power switch are opened; in the closing time of the eighth power switch, the fourth direct-current power supply provides electric energy for the second inductor, and the second inductor stores energy; during the off time of the eighth power switch, the energy stored in the second inductor is provided to the third dc power supply in a flyback manner.
14. The bipolar bidirectional up-down type DC-DC converter having a function of suppressing DC voltage imbalance according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein:
the specific steps of controlling the first converter circuit to work in the voltage boosting state and the voltage reducing state are as follows: when the first direct current power supply provides power for the third direct current power supply, if the voltage at two ends of the third direct current power supply is higher than the voltage at two ends of the first direct current power supply, the first current transformation circuit is controlled to work in a boosting state; if the voltage at the two ends of the third direct current source is lower than the voltage at the two ends of the first direct current source, controlling the first current transformation circuit to work in a voltage reduction state; when the third direct current power supply provides power for the first direct current power supply, if the voltage at two ends of the first direct current power supply is higher than the voltage at two ends of the third direct current power supply, the first current transformation circuit is controlled to work in a boosting state; if the voltage at the two ends of the first direct current source is lower than the voltage at the two ends of the third direct current source, controlling the first current transformation circuit to work in a voltage reduction state;
the specific steps of controlling the second converter circuit to work in the voltage boosting state and the voltage reducing state are as follows: when the second direct current power supply provides power for the fourth direct current power supply, if the voltage at two ends of the fourth direct current power supply is higher than the voltage at two ends of the second direct current power supply, the second current transformation circuit is controlled to work in a boosting state; if the voltage at the two ends of the fourth direct current source is lower than the voltage at the two ends of the second direct current source, the second current transformation circuit is controlled to work in a voltage reduction state; when the fourth direct current power supply provides power for the second direct current power supply, if the voltage at two ends of the second direct current power supply is higher than the voltage at two ends of the fourth direct current power supply, the second current transformation circuit is controlled to work in a boosting state; if the voltage at the two ends of the second direct current source is lower than the voltage at the two ends of the fourth direct current source, the second current transformation circuit is controlled to work in a voltage reduction state;
the specific steps of controlling the bipolar bidirectional step-up and step-down DC-DC converter to work in a voltage-sharing state are as follows: when voltage imbalance exists between the first direct current power supply and the second direct current power supply or between the third direct current power supply and the fourth direct current power supply and needs to be adjusted, the bipolar bidirectional step-up and step-down DC-DC converter is controlled to work in a voltage-equalizing state.
15. The bipolar bidirectional up-down type DC-DC converter having a function of suppressing DC voltage imbalance according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein:
the first power switch to the eighth power switch are MOS type field effect transistors, insulated gate bipolar transistors or integrated gate commutated thyristors; and/or the first power switch and the second power switch, the third power switch and the fourth power switch, the fifth power switch and the sixth power switch, and the seventh power switch and the eighth power switch can be integrated into a whole respectively.
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