CN112962048A - Internal powder feeding high-energy plasma spraying nickel-based composite heavy-load antifriction coating and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Internal powder feeding high-energy plasma spraying nickel-based composite heavy-load antifriction coating and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/134—Plasma spraying
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
Abstract
The invention aims to provide an internal powder feeding high-energy plasma spraying nickel-based composite heavy-load antifriction coating and a preparation method thereof, the preparation method of the internal powder feeding high-energy plasma spraying Ni-based composite heavy-load antifriction coating comprises the steps of spraying Ni-MoS2Uniformly mixing the lubricating phases with Ni-graphite coating powder, converting the two lubricating phases into a lamellar independent structure by adopting internal powder feeding high-energy plasma spraying, and spraying the lamellar independent structure on a base material to form a Ni-based composite heavy-load antifriction coating; the coating prepared by the method has high compactness, bonding strength, fracture toughness and good environmental adaptability, can simultaneously take the advantages of high strength and high antifriction property into consideration, improves the problems that a single lubricating phase self-lubricating coating is easy to lose lubricating phase, has more pores, is not high enough in strength, is not good in wear resistance and is easy to lose efficacy under heavy load conditions, and improves the field of self-lubricating coating preparation processes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of metal surface modification, and particularly relates to an internal powder feeding high-energy plasma spraying nickel-based composite heavy-load antifriction coating and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In modern industry, the failure of parts or mechanical components caused by friction and wear accounts for about eighty percent of the failure of materials, and the consumption of manpower, material resources and financial resources is not great. In order to improve the wear-resistant and anti-friction performance of the material, the most commonly used method is to improve the lubricating condition, but under some extreme working conditions, such as high pressure and heavy load, the anti-friction requirement cannot be met by only using lubricating oil or lubricating grease, and at the moment, in dry friction lubrication, the self-lubricating coating becomes an effective and important way for relieving the friction and wear failure of the material under special working conditions due to the good anti-friction performance of the self-lubricating coating.
Under heavy load conditions, MoS2In the case of graphite, which is a common lamellar solid lubricant phase, the inter-lamellar phases are bonded by van der waals bonds and pi bonds, which have weak bonding energy, and therefore, a slip surface is very easily formed by a shear force. And Ni-C and Ni-MoS prepared by internal powder feeding high-energy plasma spraying technology (SAPS)2The coating has small friction coefficient, good wear resistance and high environmental adaptability, and becomes a self-lubricating coating which can well exert the effect under the heavy load condition (generally over 30 MPa). In recent years, it has been found that a single lamellar lubricant phase, although performing well, has some drawbacks under heavy load conditions, such as: insufficient wear resistance, easy loss of lubricating phase, severe crack propagation and low bonding strength. The traditional single lubricating phase self-lubricating coating has the defects that the lubricating phase content is low (1) or the lubricating phase is easy to lose in the lubricating process (2), the self strength is low, the lubricating phase content and the strength can not be considered simultaneously, and the traditional single lubricating phase self-lubricating coating can not be used under the heavy load condition.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an internal powder feeding high-energy plasma spraying nickel-based composite heavy-load antifriction coating and a preparation method thereof, the coating prepared by the method has high compactness, bonding strength, fracture toughness and environmental suitability, and solves the problems that a single lubricating phase self-lubricating coating is easy to lose lubricating phase, has more pores, is not high enough in strength, is not good in wear resistance and is easy to lose efficacy under a heavy-load condition, and the preparation process of the self-lubricating coating is improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the preparation method of the internal powder feeding high-energy plasma spraying Ni-based composite heavy-load antifriction coating is characterized in that Ni-MoS is sprayed on2Uniformly mixing the lubricating phases with Ni-graphite coating powder, converting the two lubricating phases into a lamellar independent structure by adopting internal powder feeding high-energy plasma spraying, and spraying the lamellar independent structure on a base material to form a Ni-based composite heavy-load antifriction coating; the parameters of the coating are: current: 400- & lt450 & gtA, voltage: 120-: 80-150L/min, auxiliary gas flow: 12-15L/min, powder feeding rate: 10-50g/min, spraying distance: 70-110 mm.
A further development of the invention consists in that the Ni-graphite powder has a particle size distribution in the range from 1 to 60 μm.
A further improvement of the invention is that the mixing is carried out mechanically.
The invention has the further improvement that the base material is preheated to 80-90 ℃ and then is sprayed.
The invention has the further improvement that the thickness of the Ni-based multi-lubricating-phase composite antifriction coating is 420-450 mu m.
The porosity of the Ni-based composite heavy-load antifriction coating prepared by the method is reduced to 1.0 percent, the bonding strength reaches 41.2 +/-2.6 MPa, and the fracture toughness is improved to 1.15 +/-0.03 MPa.m1/2。
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
Ni-MoS of the invention2Mixing with Ni-graphite coating powder, converting two lubricating phases into lamellar independent structure by internal powder feeding high-energy plasma spraying, and toughening and lubricating characteristics of graphite phase and Ni-MoS2The high strength of the phases is combined, and the Ni-based multi-lubricating-phase composite antifriction coating with high strength and high self-lubricating property is prepared to meet the heavy-load friction working conditions of various fields. By Ni-C and Ni-MoS2The powder is mixed, the lubricating phase content of the sprayed coating can be obviously improved, and the graphite and the MoS2The lubrication is mutually supplemented, and the MoS in the thermal spraying process is effectively compensated2The lubricating phase is decomposed by heating to cause the lubricating effect to be greatly reduced, and the problem of lubricating phase loss of the hot spraying single-phase self-lubricating coating under the heavy load condition is solved under the application of the actual working condition. In the inventionThe Ni-C is used as a graphite phase, so that the cracks generated by heavy-load friction can deflect, the crack propagation can be effectively inhibited by consuming the crack propagation, and the fracture toughness of the coating is obviously improved. By destroying graphite and MoS by internal powder feeding high-energy plasma spraying (SAPS)2The interlayer low bonding energy bond enables the lubrication phase to be independent in advance, so that the formation of a lubrication transfer film is facilitated during heavy-load friction, and the antifriction effect of the coating is improved. The invention uses the toughening and lubricating characteristics of the graphite phase and Ni-MoS2The high strength of the phases is combined, and the Ni-based multi-lubricating-phase composite antifriction coating with high strength and high self-lubricating property is prepared, so that the heavy-load friction working condition of each field is fully met.
Furthermore, the addition of Ni-graphite in the invention improves the lubricating phase content of the coating, and effectively makes up for MoS in the thermal spraying process2The lubricating effect is greatly reduced due to the thermal decomposition of the lubricating phase.
Furthermore, the Ni-graphite has a large particle size distribution range (1-60 mu m) and can be fully filled into pores with various shapes and sizes, and the compactness and the bonding strength of the coating are greatly improved.
The invention adopts two lubricating phases of graphite and MoS2The mixed phase self-lubricating coating is prepared by proportioning according to a certain proportion and utilizing internal powder feeding high-energy plasma spraying, the mechanical properties such as compactness, bonding strength, fracture toughness, environmental adaptability and the like and the tribological properties of the mixed phase self-lubricating coating can be obviously improved, and the defect of a single lubricating phase self-lubricating coating is overcome.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the mixed-phase self-lubricating antifriction coating prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows Ni-MoS used in the present invention2And the appearance diagrams of the Ni-graphite powder and the sprayed two lubrication phase lamella independent structures. Wherein, (a) is Ni-graphite powder after ball milling, (b) is a laminated graphite lubricating phase, and (c) is Ni-MoS after ball milling2Powder, (d) is a lamellar MoS2A lubricating phase.
FIG. 3 shows Ni-MoS under different spray parameters240Ni-C multi-lubricating-phase composite antifriction coating ball-Disk type low load (with Si)3N4A contrast grinding, load 2N) friction coefficient curve and an average friction coefficient contrast chart, wherein, (a) the friction coefficient curve; (b) the average coefficient of friction.
FIG. 4 is a comparison graph of Brinell hardness and bond strength of the surface of a single-phase self-lubricating antifriction coating and a mixed-phase self-lubricating antifriction coating.
FIG. 5 shows the average friction coefficient and wear rate (with NiCr-Cr) of the single-phase self-lubricating antifriction coating and the mixed-phase self-lubricating antifriction coating3C2Opposite grinding, load 52 MPa).
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the following examples and drawings, which are given by way of illustration and not of limitation.
The preparation method of the mixed self-lubricating wear-resistant antifriction coating suitable for the heavy-load condition comprises the following steps:
1) preparation of mixed powder:
adopts mechanical hair to mix Ni-MoS2Mixing with Ni-graphite powder to obtain mixed metal powder, wherein Ni-MoS is contained in the mixed metal powder2The mass percentage of the component (A) is 30-50%.
2) Cleaning and sandblasting pretreatment of a base material:
the base material is cleaned by acetone ultrasonic wave after oil removal, decontamination, polishing and rust removal, then is dried in a drying box after cleaning, and finally is subjected to sand blasting treatment by white corundum (# 24).
3) Spraying mixed metal powder on the surface of the sandblasted base material by adopting an internal powder feeding high-energy plasma spraying method to spray Ni-MoS2And the two lubricating phases of Ni-graphite powder are completely converted into a single-lamella independent structure, so that the Ni-based multi-lubricating-phase composite antifriction coating is prepared.
The process parameters of the internal powder feeding high-energy plasma spraying method are as follows: current: 400- & lt450 & gtA, voltage: 120-130V, Ar (main air) flow: 80-150L/min, H2(auxiliary gas) flow rate: 12-15L/min, powder feeding rate: 10-50g/min, spraying distance: 70-110 mm.
The coating prepared by the method disclosed by the invention is 420-450 mu m in thickness, the porosity is lower than 1.0%, the hardness value is 97-99, and the bonding strength value is 38.6-43.8 MPa.
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
Four groups of coatings are prepared by taking spraying power as a variable (NC 40-1: current 300A and voltage 100V; NC 40-2: current 350A and voltage 110V; NC 40-3: current 400A and voltage 120V; NC 40-4: current 450A and voltage 130V; Ar flow rate 150L/min and H)2Flow rate: 15L/min, powder feeding rate: 50g/min, spraying distance: 110mm), 2Cr13 martensitic stainless steel round piece is used as a substrate, the size is phi 43 multiplied by 5mm, and the mass percent is as follows: 0.16-0.25% of C, less than or equal to 1.0% of Si, less than or equal to 1.0% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.035% of P, less than or equal to 0.03% of S, less than or equal to 0.6% of Ni, 12-14% of Cr and the balance of Fe. The coating is a multi-lubricating-phase composite antifriction coating with the surface thickness of the stainless steel wafer of 420-450 mu m, and the coating material is Ni-MoS2Ni-graphite powder with the powder proportion of 40 vol.% is mechanically mixed to prepare mixed multi-lubricating-phase composite powder, and the particle size distribution range of the graphite phase is 1-60 mu m.
The specific implementation steps of preparing the stainless steel wafer multi-lubricating-phase composite antifriction coating by adopting the internal powder feeding high-energy plasma spraying method are as follows:
1) pretreatment of substrate surface
The surface of a stainless steel wafer as a base material is firstly subjected to oil removal, stain removal, polishing and rust removal, then is ultrasonically cleaned by acetone, is dried in a drying box after being cleaned, and finally is subjected to sand blasting treatment by white corundum (# 24).
2) Preheating the base material subjected to sand blasting by adopting a spray gun preheating mode, and controlling the temperature to be 80-90 ℃.
3) Spraying and mixing multi-lubricating-phase composite powder on the surface of a preheated base material by adopting an internal powder feeding high-energy plasma spraying method to prepare a multi-lubricating-phase composite antifriction coating, and blowing and cooling the base material by using clean compressed air in the preparation process, wherein the temperature is controlled below 180 ℃.
4) The surface of the stainless steel wafer after being sprayed is machined and polished, and the basic mechanical property and the ball-disk type are carried outLow load (2N) friction and wear test, selecting Si for grinding ball3N4。
Referring to fig. 1, it can be seen that the coating is composed mainly of black partial lubrication phase graphite and white partial lubrication phase MoS2And a grey fraction metallic Ni binder phase. The coating is tightly combined with the matrix, the lubricating phase and the binding phase, obvious holes and unmelted phases are not found, the lubricating phase is uniformly and finely distributed, and the porosity of the coating is negligible. See FIG. 2 for (a) and (c) Ni-C, Ni-MoS before spraying, respectively2And (d) in fig. 2, the microstructure of the fracture of the sample after (b) and (d) spraying shows that hydrogen bonds between the sheets are broken to form a single sheet independent structure.
Through basic mechanical property tests, the mechanical property range of four groups of coatings taking the spraying power as a variable is not changed greatly, the hardness (HB15Y) range is 96.8-98.2, the bonding strength range is 41MPa-43MPa, and the porosity is reduced to below 1%. Therefore, Si is selected3N4And (4) carrying out ball-disc type low-load friction and wear experiment tests on the grinding pair to optimize the spraying parameters of the coating. Referring to fig. 3 (a) and (b), the low load (2N) ball-disc friction wear curve and the average coefficient of friction results, it can be found that: when the spraying parameters adopt the power parameters protected by the invention: current 450A; when the voltage is 130V, the friction coefficient curve and the average friction coefficient are both reduced to the minimum, the average friction coefficient can be reduced to 0.41, and compared with other spraying parameters, the coating tribology performance is greatly improved.
Example 2
In the embodiment, a 2Cr13 martensitic stainless steel circular sheet is used as a substrate, the size is phi 43 multiplied by 5mm, and the mass percent is as follows: 0.16-0.25% of C, less than or equal to 1.0% of Si, less than or equal to 1.0% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.035% of P, less than or equal to 0.03% of S, less than or equal to 0.6% of Ni, 12-14% of Cr and the balance of Fe.
The coating is a multi-lubricating-phase composite antifriction coating with the surface thickness of the stainless steel wafer of 420-450 mu m, and the coating material is Ni-MoS2The Ni-graphite powder with the powder proportion of 30 vol.% is mechanically mixed to prepare the mixed multi-lubricating-phase composite powder, and the particle size distribution range of the graphite phase is 1-60 mu m.
The specific implementation steps of preparing the stainless steel wafer multi-lubricating-phase composite antifriction coating by adopting the internal powder feeding high-energy plasma spraying method are as follows:
1) pretreatment of substrate surface
The surface of a stainless steel wafer as a base material is firstly subjected to oil removal, stain removal, polishing and rust removal, then is ultrasonically cleaned by acetone, is dried in a drying box after being cleaned, and finally is subjected to sand blasting treatment by white corundum (# 24).
2) Preheating the base material subjected to sand blasting by adopting a spray gun preheating mode, and controlling the temperature to be 80-90 ℃.
3) Spraying mixed multi-lubricating-phase composite powder on the surface of a preheated base material by adopting an internal powder feeding high-energy plasma spraying method, and preparing Ni-MoS by adopting an internal powder feeding high-energy plasma spraying technology2The specific technological parameters of the 40Ni-C multi-lubricating-phase composite antifriction coating are as follows: the current is 450A, the voltage is 130V, the main gas pressure is 140L/min, the auxiliary gas pressure is 14.8L/min, and the powder feeding rate is as follows: 35g/min and the spraying distance is 90 mm. In the preparation process, clean compressed air is used for blowing and cooling the base material, and the temperature is controlled below 180 ℃.
4) And (4) machining and polishing the surface of the stainless steel wafer after spraying.
NC40 in FIG. 4 is Ni-MoS2Ni-MoS prepared by mechanically mixing Ni-graphite powder with powder ratio of 40% and using internal powder feeding high-energy plasma spraying technology (SAPS) as raw material2The/40 Ni-C multi-lubricating-phase composite antifriction coating. As can be seen from FIG. 4, the conventional single lubricating phase Ni-C, Ni-MoS2Changing the coating to Ni-MoS2The hardness of the/40 Ni-C multi-lubricating-phase composite antifriction coating is reduced to 96.9 which is between Ni-C and Ni-MoS2The bonding strength between coatings is improved to 43.8, except for Ni-MoS2Besides the coating, the porosity of other two coatings is reduced to below 1%, the compactness of the coating is greatly enhanced, and the comprehensive mechanical property is obviously improved.
Selecting pin-disc type friction and wear test, and NiCr-Cr as the opposite grinding pair3C2The load is dynamically loaded to 52MPa, the tribology test of the coating is carried out, and NC40 is the Ni-MoS of the invention2Ni-graphite powder with powder proportion of 30-50%The mixed multi-lubricating phase composite powder prepared by mechanical mixing is used as a raw material, and the Ni-MoS prepared by adopting the internal powder feeding high-energy plasma spraying technology (SAPS) is adopted2The/40 Ni-C multi-lubricating-phase composite antifriction coating.
As can be seen from FIG. 5, the invention adopts the Ni-C, Ni-MoS prepared by the internal powder feeding high-energy plasma spraying method (SAPS) on the surface of the existing metal part (2Cr13 martensitic stainless steel) under heavy load condition2Changing the coating to Ni-MoS2The friction coefficient of the coating is reduced to 0.41, the wear rate is reduced to 1.19, and the tribological performance is greatly improved.
Example 3
In the embodiment, a 2Cr13 martensitic stainless steel circular sheet is used as a substrate, the size is phi 43 multiplied by 5mm, and the mass percent is as follows: 0.16-0.25% of C, less than or equal to 1.0% of Si, less than or equal to 1.0% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.035% of P, less than or equal to 0.03% of S, less than or equal to 0.6% of Ni, 12-14% of Cr and the balance of Fe.
The embodiment comprises the following steps:
1) pretreatment of substrate surface
The surface of a stainless steel wafer as a substrate is firstly subjected to oil removal, stain removal, polishing and rust removal, then is ultrasonically cleaned by acetone, is dried in a drying box after being cleaned, and finally is subjected to sand blasting treatment by using white corundum (# 24).
2) Preheating the sandblasted matrix by adopting a spray gun preheating mode, and controlling the temperature at 80 ℃.
3) Mixing Ni-MoS2Mechanically and uniformly mixing the powder with Ni-graphite powder with the particle size distribution range of 1-60 mu m to obtain mixed multi-lubricating-phase composite powder; wherein Ni-MoS in the mixed multi-lubricating phase composite powder2Is 50% by volume.
Spraying mixed multi-lubricating-phase composite powder on the surface of a preheated substrate by adopting an internal powder feeding high-energy plasma spraying method, and preparing Ni-MoS with the thickness of 420-450 mu m by adopting an internal powder feeding high-energy plasma spraying technology2The specific technological parameters of the 40Ni-C multi-lubricating-phase composite antifriction coating are as follows: the current is 400A, the voltage is 130V, Ar, the flow is 80L/min, H2The flow rate is 15L/min, and the powder feeding rate is as follows: 50g/min, and the spraying distance is 70 mm; system for makingIn the preparation process, clean compressed air is used for blowing and cooling the matrix, and the temperature is controlled below 180 ℃.
Example 4
In the embodiment, a 2Cr13 martensitic stainless steel circular sheet is used as a substrate, the size is phi 43 multiplied by 5mm, and the mass percent is as follows: 0.16-0.25% of C, less than or equal to 1.0% of Si, less than or equal to 1.0% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.035% of P, less than or equal to 0.03% of S, less than or equal to 0.6% of Ni, 12-14% of Cr and the balance of Fe.
The embodiment comprises the following steps:
1) pretreatment of substrate surface
The surface of a stainless steel wafer as a substrate is firstly subjected to oil removal, stain removal, polishing and rust removal, then is ultrasonically cleaned by acetone, is dried in a drying box after being cleaned, and finally is subjected to sand blasting treatment by using white corundum (# 24).
2) Preheating the sandblasted matrix by adopting a spray gun preheating mode, and controlling the temperature at 90 ℃.
3) Mixing Ni-MoS2Mechanically and uniformly mixing the powder with Ni-graphite powder with the particle size distribution range of 1-60 mu m to obtain mixed multi-lubricating-phase composite powder; wherein Ni-MoS in the mixed multi-lubricating phase composite powder2Is 40% by volume.
Spraying mixed multi-lubricating-phase composite powder on the surface of a preheated substrate by adopting an internal powder feeding high-energy plasma spraying method, and preparing Ni-MoS with the thickness of 420-450 mu m by adopting an internal powder feeding high-energy plasma spraying technology2The specific technological parameters of the 40Ni-C multi-lubricating-phase composite antifriction coating are as follows: the current is 450A, the voltage is 120V, Ar, the flow is 110L/min, H2The flow rate is 13L/min, and the powder feeding rate is as follows: 30g/min, and the spraying distance is 90 mm; in the preparation process, clean compressed air is used for blowing and cooling the matrix, and the temperature is controlled below 180 ℃.
Example 5
In the embodiment, a 2Cr13 martensitic stainless steel circular sheet is used as a substrate, the size is phi 43 multiplied by 5mm, and the mass percent is as follows: 0.16-0.25% of C, less than or equal to 1.0% of Si, less than or equal to 1.0% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.035% of P, less than or equal to 0.03% of S, less than or equal to 0.6% of Ni, 12-14% of Cr and the balance of Fe.
The embodiment comprises the following steps:
1) pretreatment of substrate surface
The surface of a stainless steel wafer as a substrate is firstly subjected to oil removal, stain removal, polishing and rust removal, then is ultrasonically cleaned by acetone, is dried in a drying box after being cleaned, and finally is subjected to sand blasting treatment by using white corundum (# 24).
2) Preheating the sandblasted matrix by adopting a spray gun preheating mode, and controlling the temperature at 85 ℃.
3) Mixing Ni-MoS2Mechanically and uniformly mixing the powder with Ni-graphite powder with the particle size distribution range of 1-60 mu m to obtain mixed multi-lubricating-phase composite powder; wherein Ni-MoS in the mixed multi-lubricating phase composite powder2Is 30% by volume.
Spraying mixed multi-lubricating-phase composite powder on the surface of a preheated substrate by adopting an internal powder feeding high-energy plasma spraying method, and preparing Ni-MoS with the thickness of 420-450 mu m by adopting an internal powder feeding high-energy plasma spraying technology2The specific technological parameters of the 40Ni-C multi-lubricating-phase composite antifriction coating are as follows: the current is 420A, the voltage is 125V, Ar, the flow is 150L/min, H2The flow rate is 12L/min, and the powder feeding rate is as follows: 10g/min, and the spraying distance is 110 mm; in the preparation process, clean compressed air is used for blowing and cooling the matrix, and the temperature is controlled below 180 ℃.
The material of the substrate has no influence on the performance of the coating.
Because the lubricating phase content and the self strength can not be simultaneously satisfied in the traditional single lubricating phase coating, the lubricating phase coating can not be used under heavy load conditions due to the defects of low lubricating phase content or low strength and the like. According to the invention, through a reasonable powder proportioning mode, internal powder feeding high-energy plasma spraying process parameters are controlled, and the spraying process flow is strictly controlled, so that the lubrication phase of the coating is laminated before friction, the coating with high strength and high lubrication phase content can be obtained, the porosity of the coating is reduced, the fracture toughness is improved, and the comprehensive mechanical performance is greatly improved; the hardness difference between the coating part and the mating part is small, so that the three-body abrasion under the heavy load condition is avoided, the friction coefficient and the abrasion rate are reduced, the abrasion resistance and the friction reduction are obviously improved, and the service life of various metal parts is effectively prolonged.
The above description is only exemplary of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made within the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The preparation method of the internal powder feeding high-energy plasma spraying Ni-based composite heavy-load antifriction coating is characterized in that Ni-MoS is sprayed on the surface of the composite heavy-load antifriction coating2Uniformly mixing the lubricating phases with Ni-graphite coating powder, converting the two lubricating phases into a lamellar independent structure by adopting internal powder feeding high-energy plasma spraying, and spraying the lamellar independent structure on a base material to form a Ni-based composite heavy-load antifriction coating; the parameters of the coating are: current: 400- & lt450 & gtA, voltage: 120-: 80-150L/min, auxiliary gas flow: 12-15L/min, powder feeding rate: 10-50g/min, spraying distance: 70-110 mm.
2. The preparation method of the internal powder feeding high-energy plasma spraying Ni-based composite heavy-load antifriction coating according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Ni-MoS2And Ni-MoS in Ni-graphite coated powder2The volume fraction of (A) is 30-50%.
3. The preparation method of the internal powder feeding high-energy plasma spraying Ni-based composite heavy-load antifriction coating according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the particle size distribution range of the Ni-graphite powder is 1-60 mu m.
4. The preparation method of the internal powder feeding high-energy plasma spraying Ni-based composite heavy-load antifriction coating according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the mixing is carried out mechanically.
5. The preparation method of the internal powder feeding high-energy plasma spraying Ni-based composite heavy-load antifriction coating according to claim 1 is characterized in that: preheating the base material to 80-90 ℃ and then spraying.
6. The preparation method of the internal powder feeding high-energy plasma spraying Ni-based composite heavy-load antifriction coating according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the thickness of the Ni-based multi-lubricating-phase composite antifriction coating is 420-450 mu m.
7. A Ni-based composite heavy-load antifriction coating prepared according to the method of any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that the porosity of the coating is reduced to 1.0%, the bonding strength reaches 41.2 +/-2.6 MPa, and the fracture toughness is improved to 1.15 +/-0.03 MPa-m1/2。
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