CN112737352B - Three-phase AC-AC converter based on hexagram connection modularization multi-level - Google Patents
Three-phase AC-AC converter based on hexagram connection modularization multi-level Download PDFInfo
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- CN112737352B CN112737352B CN202011580100.8A CN202011580100A CN112737352B CN 112737352 B CN112737352 B CN 112737352B CN 202011580100 A CN202011580100 A CN 202011580100A CN 112737352 B CN112737352 B CN 112737352B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M5/00—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
- H02M5/02—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc
- H02M5/04—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters
- H02M5/22—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M5/275—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M5/293—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
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Abstract
The invention provides a three-phase AC-AC converter based on a hexagonal star connection modularization multi-level, which comprises: the main loop comprises nine branch modules which are connected with each other and nine inductors which are correspondingly connected with the branch modules, and the branch modules are connected in series through the inductors; the control signal acquisition module comprises a current sensor and a voltage sensor which are mutually connected with the branch module and is used for acquiring current signals and voltage signals; the digital signal processor is in communication connection with the control signal acquisition module and is used for performing signal processing calculation according to the current signal and the voltage signal and generating a control signal; and the control signal sending module is in communication connection with the digital signal processor and is used for receiving and sending a control signal to control the branch modules, wherein six branch modules are connected with each other to form a hexagonal structure outside, the other three branch modules are connected with each other to form a star-shaped structure inside, and the six branch modules are connected with the power grids on two sides through the main loop to carry out alternating current-alternating current conversion.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a three-phase AC-AC converter, in particular to a hexagonal star connection modular multilevel three-phase AC-AC converter.
Background
In the field of high-voltage high-power grid connection or motor transmission, the traditional two-level voltage source type converter topology cannot meet the requirements of higher voltage and power grade. Under the condition that the development of power switching devices does not break through, the multi-level converter becomes the choice for solving the problem of high-voltage high-power conversion. Currently, the ac conversion system is classified into an indirect ac conversion system and a direct ac conversion system. An indirect AC conversion system can be considered as AC-DC-AC with a DC unit in between, including a rectifier and an inverter. The direct alternating current conversion system has no intermediate direct current unit and directly converts the power frequency of the power grid voltage into the required voltage frequency.
The modular multilevel converter adopts a modular design structure, so that the cost can be reduced during large-scale production; through the series connection of the submodules, the voltage grade and the power grade of the converter are easy to expand; the multi-level output form of the converter reduces the harmonic content and the total distortion rate of the output voltage, so that an alternating current filter with large capacity can be reduced or even omitted; the bridge arm sub-modules do not need to be simultaneously switched on, so that the change rate of the voltage and the current of a bridge arm of the converter is reduced, and the stress borne by a power switch device is greatly reduced; meanwhile, the modular multilevel converter protection circuit is simple and easy to realize. The characteristics enable the modular multilevel converter to have strong expansibility and flexibility.
However, the modularized multi-level converter supports output voltage through a large number of floating capacitors, and the problem of severe fluctuation of sub-module capacitor voltage exists when the modularized multi-level converter operates at low frequency. Therefore, when the modular multilevel converter is applied to the application scenes such as rolling mill transmission, mine hoists, variable-speed pumped storage units, double-fed wind driven generators and the like which need low frequency and large torque, the low-speed and high-power operation of an electric transmission system cannot be ensured.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a hexagonal star connection based modular multilevel three-phase ac/ac converter.
The invention provides a three-phase AC-AC converter based on a hexagonal star connection modularization multi-level, which is characterized by comprising the following components: the main loop comprises nine branch modules which are connected with each other and nine inductors which are correspondingly connected with the branch modules, and the branch modules are connected in series through the inductors; the control signal acquisition module comprises a current sensor and a voltage sensor which are mutually connected with the branch module and is used for acquiring current signals and voltage signals; the digital signal processor is in communication connection with the control signal acquisition module and is used for performing signal processing calculation according to the current signal and the voltage signal and generating a control signal; and the control signal sending module is in communication connection with the digital signal processor and is used for receiving and sending control signals to control the branch modules, wherein six branch modules are connected with each other to form a hexagonal structure outside, the other three branch modules are connected with each other to form a star-shaped structure inside, and the six branch modules are connected with power grids on two sides through a main loop to carry out alternating current-alternating current conversion.
The hexagonal star connection modular multilevel-based three-phase AC-AC converter provided by the invention also has the following characteristics: the branch module is formed by connecting n identical submodules, wherein n is greater than 1, and the output end of each submodule is connected to the input end of the next submodule.
The hexagonal star connection based modular multilevel three-phase AC-AC converter provided by the invention also has the following characteristics: the submodule is provided with a full-bridge structure formed by four IGBT devices connected in an anti-parallel mode and four diodes and a parallel capacitor.
The hexagonal star connection modular multilevel-based three-phase AC-AC converter provided by the invention also has the following characteristics: the sub-module has a plurality of working states including a positive input state, a negative input state, a bypass state and a locking state, the working states are switched by controlling the on-off of the IGBT device through a control signal, and three levels of + Vc, 0-Vc are correspondingly generated at a port.
Action and Effect of the invention
According to the hexagram-connection modular multilevel-based three-phase AC-AC converter, the power grids on two sides are connected through the main loop, the output voltage is changed by controlling the working state of the on-off switching sub-module of the IGBT device, the bidirectional flow of energy can be realized, and the four-quadrant operation is realized; because the branch modules are also connected in series through the inductors, interphase circulating currents caused by the fact that instantaneous values of direct-current voltages of bridge arms of all phases are not completely equal can be restrained, and when short-circuit faults occur, the inductors can effectively restrain alternating-current impact currents, sufficient time is provided for effective blocking of IGBT devices, and reliability of the system is improved. The hexagram-connection-based modular multilevel three-phase AC-AC converter also has the characteristics of high modularization degree, good stability at low frequency and low speed, good output waveform quality, low switching loss and good expansibility, and improves the reliability and efficiency of directly carrying out AC-AC conversion.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a hexagram-based modular multilevel three-phase ac/ac converter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a primary loop in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a branching module in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a sub-module in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means and functions of the present invention easily understood, the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
< example >
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a hexagram-based modular multilevel three-phase ac/ac converter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a hexagram-based modular multilevel three-phase ac/ac converter 100 of the present embodiment includes: a main loop 10, a control signal acquisition module 20, a digital signal processor 30 and a control signal issuing module 40.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a primary loop in an embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 2, the main circuit 10 includes nine branch modules M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, M6, M7, M8, and M9 connected to each other, and nine inductors L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6, L7, L8, and L9 connected to the branch modules correspondingly, and the branch modules are connected in series through the inductors.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the connection between the components in the main circuit 10 and the specific connection between the components and the external power grid are as follows:
the negative port of the branch module M1 is connected to the external grid U port and the positive port of the branch module M6 through inductor L1, the positive port of the branch module M1 is connected to the positive port of the branch module M7 and the external grid port R and to the negative port of the branch module M2 through inductor L2;
the negative port of the branch module M2 connects the positive ports of the branch module M7 and the branch module M1 and the external grid R port through the inductor L2, the positive port is directly connected to the external grid V port and the positive port of the branch module M3;
the negative port of the branch module M3 is connected to the positive ports of the branch modules M4, M8 and the external grid T port through an inductor L3, and the positive port is directly connected to the external grid V port and the positive port of the branch module M2;
the negative port of the branch module M4 is connected to the external grid W port and the positive port of the branch module M5 through inductor L4, the positive port of the branch module M4 is directly connected to the positive port of the branch module M8 and the external grid T port and to the negative port of the branch module M3 through inductor L3;
the negative port of the branch module M5 is connected to the external grid S port through inductor L5 and to the negative port of the branch module M6 through inductors L5, L6 and to the negative port of the branch module L9 through inductors L5, L9, the positive port of the branch module M5 is directly connected to the external grid W port and to the negative port of the branch module M4 through inductor L4;
the negative port of the branch module M6 is connected to the external grid S port through inductor L6 and to the negative port of the branch module L5 through inductors L6, L5 and to the negative port of M9 through inductors L6, L9, the positive port of the branch module M6 is connected directly to the external grid U port and to the negative port of the branch module M1 through inductor L1;
the negative port of the branch module M7 is connected to the positive port of M9 through inductor L7 and to the negative port of the branch module M8 through inductors L7, L8, the positive port of the branch module M7 is connected directly to the external grid R port and to the positive port of the branch module M1 and to the negative port of the branch module M2 through inductor L2;
the negative port of the branch module M8 is connected to the positive port of the branch module M9 through inductor M8 and to the negative port of the branch module M7 through inductors L8, L7, the positive port of the branch module M8 is connected directly to the positive port of M4 and to the external grid T port and to the negative port of the branch module M3 through inductor L3;
the negative port of the branch module M9 is connected to the external grid S port through inductor L9 and to the negative port of the branch module M6 through inductors L9, L6 and to the negative port of the branch module M5 through inductors L9, L5, the positive port of the branch inductor M9 is connected to the negative port of the branch module M7 through inductor L7 and to the negative port of the branch module M8 through inductor L8,
m1, M2, M3, M4, M5 and M6 are connected with each other to form a hexagonal structure, M7, M8 and M9 are connected with each other to form a star-shaped structure, branch modules M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, M6, M7, M8 and M9 are connected in series through inductors L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6, L7, L8 and L9, and the main loop 10 is connected with power grids on two sides to perform alternating current-alternating current conversion.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the main circuit 10 is connected to the power grids on two sides, one side is U-phase, V-phase, W-phase, the other side is R-phase, S-phase, T-phase, N is neutral point, the voltage of the neutral point is set to 0, and the voltage of each branch is determined by the voltages of the power grids on two sides, V is M1 ＝V R -V U 、V M2 ＝V V -V R 、V M3 ＝V V -V T 、V M4 ＝V T -V W 、V M5 ＝V W -V S 、V M6 ＝V U -V S 、V M7 ＝V R -V N 、V M8 ＝V T -V N 、V M9 ＝V N -V S 。
Current respectively flows through M2, M3, M7, M8, M1, M6, M7, M9, M4, M5, M8 and M9 to form three loops, an energy path is provided for input and output, bidirectional flow of energy can be achieved, and four-quadrant operation of the motor is facilitated.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a branching module in an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 3, the branching module is formed by connecting n identical submodules 11, where n > 1, and the output terminal of each submodule 11 is connected to the input terminal of the next submodule 11.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a submodule in an embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 4, the submodule 11 has a full-bridge structure formed by four IGBT devices connected in anti-parallel and four diodes, and a parallel capacitor, VT1, VT2, VT3, and VT4 are IGBT devices, VD1, VD2, VD3, and VD4 are anti-parallel diodes, C is a dc voltage capacitor, and VT1, VT2, VT3, and VT4 form a full-bridge structure.
Preferably, the IGBT device is an FF45OR17ME3 device manufactured by the british flying company.
In this embodiment, the output voltage of the sub-module of each phase needs to be provided by the voltage of the capacitor, and the capacitor repeats the charging and discharging process. The capacitances are not completely consistent, so that three-phase voltages are not equal and interphase circulation is generated, the interphase circulation is limited to a small value by the inductor, and the inductor can play a certain current limiting capacity in the event of a fault.
The sub-module 11 has a plurality of working states including a positive input state, a negative input state, a bypass state and a locking state, the working states are switched by controlling the on-off of the IGBT device through a control signal, and three levels of + Vc, 0 and-Vc are correspondingly generated at a port.
In this embodiment, the MMC output phase voltage formed by 2n submodules in each phase is 4n-1 levels, and four-quadrant operation can be realized. When the topological structure of the module is a half-bridge unit parallel direct current capacitor structure, each submodule outputs + Vc and 0, and the MMC output phase voltage formed by 2n submodules in each phase is 2n-1 levels.
In this embodiment, the output voltage is changed by controlling the operating state of the on-off control submodule 11 of the IGBT device, which is specifically as follows:
as shown in fig. 4, when VT1 and VT4 are turned on, the sub-modules enter a positive on state, the current is positive, the output voltage is + Vc, the current passes through VD1, C, VD4, and the capacitor is charged.
When VT1 and VT4 are opened, the sub-module enters a positive input state, the current is negative, the output voltage is + Vc, the current passes through VT4 and C, VT1, and the capacitor discharges.
When VT2 and VT3 are opened, the sub-module enters a negative input state, the current is positive, the output voltage is-Vc, the current passes through VT2 and C, VT3, and the capacitor discharges.
When VT2 and VT3 are opened, the sub-module enters a negative input state, the current is negative, the output voltage is-Vc, the current passes through VD3 and C, VD2, and the capacitor is charged.
When VD1 and VT3 are open, the sub-module enters a bypass state, the current is positive, the output voltage is 0, and the current passes through VD1 and VT 3.
When VD2 and VT4 are open, the sub-module enters a bypass state, the current is negative, the output voltage is 0, and the current passes through VT4 and VD 2.
When VT1, VT2, VT3 and VT4 are all turned off, the submodule enters a locking state, the current is positive, the current passes through VD1 and C, VD4, and the capacitor is charged.
When VT1, VT2, VT3 and VT4 are all turned off, the sub-modules enter a locking state, the current is negative, the current passes through VD3 and C, VD2, and the capacitor is discharged.
The control signal collecting module 20 includes a current sensor and a voltage sensor connected to the branch module, and is configured to collect a current signal and a voltage signal.
Preferably, the voltage sensor is an AV100-2000 voltage sensor manufactured by LEM, and the current sensor is an LT508-S6 current sensor manufactured by LEM.
The digital signal processor 30 is connected in communication with the control signal acquisition module 20, and is configured to perform signal processing calculation according to the current signal and the voltage signal and generate a control signal.
In this embodiment, the sampling signal output by the control signal acquisition unit 20 is input into the digital signal processor 30 through a/D conversion for operation, the digital signal processor 30 completes functions of a top-level algorithm, system protection, and the like, and the digital signal processor 30 calculates a control signal after receiving the sub-module capacitor voltage, the bridge arm reference voltage, and the bridge arm current, and then sends the control signal to the control signal sending unit 40.
Preferably, the digital signal processor 30 is a chip of TMS320F28335 model manufactured by Texas instruments.
The control signal issuing module 40 is communicatively connected to the digital signal processor 30, and is configured to receive and issue a control signal to control the branch module.
In this embodiment, the fpga chip obtains the modulation signal from the dsp 30, and then compares the modulation signal with the triangular wave to generate the driving signal, and then drives the IGBT devices in the branch modules M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, M6, M7, M8, and M9. The fpga chip mainly performs the functions of pulse distribution, data exchange with the dsp 30, and system protection.
Preferably, the control signal issuing module 40 is a field programmable gate array chip.
Preferably, the field programmable gate array chip adopts an XC3S400-4PQG208C type chip produced by the Selingsi company.
In this embodiment, the specific process of the two-side power grid performing ac-ac conversion through the main circuit 10 is as follows:
as shown in fig. 2, taking U-phase as an example, the U-phase is connected to R-phase and S-phase through branch modules M1 and M6, respectively, when voltage U is input to the R-phase and S-phase, output voltages of M1 and M6 are changed by controlling on/off of IGBT devices, and output voltages of U, 0, -U are provided, so that output voltage of the U-phase at an output terminal is changed, and ac-ac conversion is realized.
Taking the R phase as an example, the R phase is connected to the U phase and the V phase through the branch modules M1 and M2, respectively, when the U phase and the R phase input voltage U, the output voltages of M1 and M2 are changed by controlling the on/off of the IGBT device, and the output voltages have U, 0, -U, so that the output voltage of the R phase at the output end is changed, and the ac-ac change is realized.
Effects and effects of the embodiments
According to the hexagram-connection modular multilevel-based three-phase AC-AC converter, the power grids on two sides are connected through the main loop, the output voltage is changed by controlling the working state of the on-off switching sub-module of the IGBT device, the bidirectional flow of energy can be realized, and the four-quadrant operation is realized; because the branch modules are also connected in series through the inductors, interphase circulating currents caused by the fact that instantaneous values of direct-current voltages of bridge arms of all phases are not completely equal can be restrained, and when short-circuit faults occur, the inductors can effectively restrain alternating-current impact currents, sufficient time is provided for effective blocking of IGBT devices, and reliability of the system is improved. The hexagram-connection modular multilevel-based three-phase AC-AC converter also has the characteristics of high modularization degree, good stability at low frequency and low speed, good output waveform quality, low switching loss and good expansibility, and improves the reliability and efficiency of directly carrying out AC-AC conversion.
The above embodiments are preferred examples of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A three-phase AC-AC converter based on a hexagonal star connection modularization multi-level is characterized by comprising:
the main loop comprises nine connected branch modules and nine inductors correspondingly connected with the branch modules, and the branch modules are connected in series through the inductors;
the control signal acquisition module comprises a current sensor and a voltage sensor which are mutually connected with the branch module and is used for acquiring current signals and voltage signals;
the digital signal processor is in communication connection with the control signal acquisition module and is used for performing signal processing calculation according to the current signal and the voltage signal and generating a control signal;
a control signal sending module, which is connected with the digital signal processor in a communication way and is used for receiving and sending the control signal to control the branch module,
wherein, the positive port and the negative port of the branch module M1 are respectively connected with one end of an inductor L2 and one end of an inductor L1, the negative port of the branch module M2 is connected with the other end of an inductor L2, the positive port is connected with the V-phase port of the primary side three-phase grid and the positive port of the branch module M3, the negative port of the branch module M3 is connected with one end of an inductor L3, the positive port of the branch module M4 is connected with the other end of an inductor L3, the negative port is connected with one end of an inductor L4, the positive port of the branch module M5 is connected with the other end of the inductor L4 and the W-phase port of the primary side three-phase grid, the negative port is connected with one end of an inductor L5, the positive port of the branch module M6 is connected with the other end of the inductor L1 and the U-phase port of the primary side three-phase grid, the negative port is connected with one end of an inductor L6, the positive port of the branch module M7 is connected with the other end of the inductor L2 and the R-phase port of the secondary side three-phase grid, the negative port is connected with one end of an inductor L7, the positive port of the branch module M8 is connected with the other end of the inductor L3 and the T-phase port of the secondary-side three-phase power grid, the negative port is connected with one end of an inductor L8, the positive port of the branch module M9 is connected with the other ends of the inductor L7 and the inductor L8, the negative port is connected with one end of an inductor L9, and the other end of the inductor L5, the other end of the inductor L6, the other end of the inductor L9 and the S-phase port of the secondary-side three-phase power grid are connected with each other.
2. The hexagram based modular multilevel three-phase ac-to-ac converter of claim 1, wherein:
wherein the branch module is formed by connecting n identical submodules, n is more than 1,
the output of each sub-module is connected to the input of the next sub-module.
3. The hexagram based modular multilevel three-phase ac-to-ac converter of claim 2, wherein:
the submodule is provided with a full-bridge structure formed by four IGBT devices connected in an anti-parallel mode and four diodes and a parallel capacitor.
4. The hexagram based modular multilevel three-phase ac-to-ac converter of claim 3, wherein:
the sub-module has a plurality of working states including a positive input state, a negative input state, a bypass state and a locking state, the working states are switched by controlling the on-off of the IGBT device through the control signal, and three levels of + Vc, 0 and-Vc are correspondingly generated at a port.
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| US10116229B1 (en) * | 2017-09-19 | 2018-10-30 | King Saud University | Multilevel cascade hexagonal voltage source converter with isolated DC sources |
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| CN109672353A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2019-04-23 | 保时捷股份公司 | Converter, electric power multiphase system and the method for highly efficient power exchange |
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| CN110022077B (en) * | 2019-04-10 | 2020-07-31 | 南京师范大学 | Power composite type modular multi-level solid-state transformer topological structure for alternating current-direct current hybrid power distribution network |
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| US10116229B1 (en) * | 2017-09-19 | 2018-10-30 | King Saud University | Multilevel cascade hexagonal voltage source converter with isolated DC sources |
| CN109672353A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2019-04-23 | 保时捷股份公司 | Converter, electric power multiphase system and the method for highly efficient power exchange |
| CN109067299A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2018-12-21 | 武汉大学 | Three port nonagon Modular multilevel converter topological structures and control method |
| CN109474021A (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2019-03-15 | 湖南大学 | A kind of wind-power electricity generation-grid-connected system and its control method based on H-MMC |
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