CN112564528B - Self-balancing modularized multi-level converter - Google Patents
Self-balancing modularized multi-level converter Download PDFInfo
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- CN112564528B CN112564528B CN202011429201.5A CN202011429201A CN112564528B CN 112564528 B CN112564528 B CN 112564528B CN 202011429201 A CN202011429201 A CN 202011429201A CN 112564528 B CN112564528 B CN 112564528B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
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Abstract
The invention provides a self-balancing modularized multi-level converter, which comprises at least one phase unit, wherein the phase unit comprises a first self-balancing module and a second self-balancing module; one end of the first self-balancing module is used as a first direct current end, one end of the second self-balancing module is used as a second direct current end, and the other end of the first self-balancing module and the other end of the second self-balancing module are both used for being connected with an alternating current end. The invention provides a self-balancing modularized multi-level converter, which adopts modularized design, can realize capacitor voltage self-balancing without an additional capacitor voltage detection system and a complex control algorithm, improves the reliability and the safety of the system, and solves the problem that the traditional half-bridge type modularized multi-level converter does not have the capacity of capacitor voltage automatic balancing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power electronics, in particular to a self-balancing modularized multi-level converter.
Background
The flexible direct current transmission technology based on the modularized multi-level converter obtains wide research and application in industry and academia, and has high flexibility in active regulation and reactive regulation. In addition, the modularized characteristics and redundancy characteristics of the self structure of the modularized multi-level converter also enable the system to have higher operation reliability.
The existing flexible direct current transmission systems are almost based on half-bridge modular multilevel converters, and the half-bridge modular multilevel converters do not have the capacity of automatic balancing of capacitor voltage. It is therefore necessary to realize the balancing of the capacitor voltages by means of a complex control algorithm on the basis of the detection of each capacitor voltage. The system complexity and development difficulty are increased, and the capacitor voltage imbalance is caused by the failure of the detection system or the control algorithm, so that the system cannot normally operate.
In the prior art, for example, in the chinese patent issued by the 2017 10/13, the modular multilevel converter has the grant number CN104901570B, and compared with the modular multilevel converter which adopts half-bridge sub-modules, the number of the turn-off devices in the optimal case only needs to be increased by one fourth, and the switching loss of only one bridge arm in the phase unit is increased, so that the dc line fault isolation capability is still provided while the economy is higher, and the capacitor voltage self-balancing capability is not provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a self-balancing modularized multi-level converter, which aims to overcome the technical defect that the traditional half-bridge modularized multi-level converter does not have the capacity of automatic balancing of capacitance and voltage.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a self-balancing modular multilevel converter comprising at least one phase unit, the phase unit comprising a first self-balancing module and a second self-balancing module;
one end of the first self-balancing module is used as a first direct current end, one end of the second self-balancing module is used as a second direct current end, and the other end of the first self-balancing module and the other end of the second self-balancing module are both used for connecting an alternating current end;
the first self-balancing module comprises n self-balancing three-level modules, 2n-2 voltage balancing modules and an inductor, wherein n is more than or equal to 2;
the n self-balancing three-level modules are electrically connected in sequence, the first end of the first self-balancing three-level module is used as a first direct current end, the second end of the last self-balancing three-level module is electrically connected with one end of an inductor, and the other end of the inductor is used for being connected with an alternating current end; a voltage balancing module is connected between the third ends of every two adjacent self-balancing three-level modules; a voltage balance module is connected between the fourth ends of every two adjacent self-balancing three-level modules;
the second self-balancing module comprises n self-balancing three-level modules, 2n-2 voltage balancing modules and an inductor;
the n self-balancing three-level modules are electrically connected in sequence, a first end of a first self-balancing three-level module is electrically connected with one end of an inductor, the other end of the inductor is used for being connected with an alternating current end, and a second end of a last self-balancing three-level module is used as a second direct current end; a voltage balancing module is connected between the third ends of every two adjacent self-balancing three-level modules; a voltage balancing module is connected between the fourth ends of every two adjacent self-balancing three-level modules.
Preferably, the voltage balancing module comprises a diode;
a diode is connected between the third ends of every two adjacent self-balancing three-level modules;
a diode is connected between the fourth ends of every two adjacent self-balancing three-level modules.
Preferably, the voltage balancing module comprises a diode and an inductor;
a diode and an inductor are connected between the third ends of every two adjacent self-balancing three-level modules; one end of the inductor is electrically connected with the third end of one self-balancing three-level module, the other end of the inductor is electrically connected with one end of the diode, and the other end of the diode is electrically connected with the third end of the other self-balancing three-level module;
a diode and an inductor are connected between the fourth ends of every two adjacent self-balancing three-level modules; one end of the inductor is electrically connected with the fourth end of one self-balancing three-level module, the other end of the inductor is electrically connected with one end of the diode, and the other end of the diode is electrically connected with the fourth end of the other self-balancing three-level module.
Preferably, the self-balancing three-level module comprises a first switching tube, a second switching tube, a third switching tube, a fourth switching tube, a fifth switching tube, a first capacitor and a second capacitor;
the positive electrode end of the first capacitor is used as a first end of the self-balancing three-level module, the negative electrode end of the first capacitor is used as a fourth end of the self-balancing three-level module, the positive electrode end of the second capacitor is used as a third end of the self-balancing three-level module, and the negative electrode end of the second capacitor is used as a second end of the self-balancing three-level module;
the positive end of the first capacitor is electrically connected with one end of the fourth switching tube, the other end of the fourth switching tube is electrically connected with one end of the second switching tube and one end of the third switching tube respectively, the other end of the second switching tube is electrically connected with the positive end of the second capacitor, the negative end of the second capacitor is electrically connected with one end of the fifth switching tube, the other end of the fifth switching tube is electrically connected with the other end of the third switching tube and one end of the first switching tube respectively, and the other end of the first switching tube is electrically connected with the negative end of the first capacitor.
Preferably, the first switching tube, the second switching tube, the third switching tube, the fourth switching tube and the fifth switching tube are all connected in parallel with a body diode in an anti-parallel mode.
Preferably, when the first switch tube, the second switch tube, the third switch tube, the fourth switch tube and the fifth switch tube are all turned off, the first capacitor and the second capacitor enter a serial charging working mode through the body diode of the first switch tube, the body diode of the second switch tube and the body diode of the third switch tube.
Preferably, the first switching tube, the second switching tube, the third switching tube, the fourth switching tube and the fifth switching tube are all IGBTs (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, insulated gate bipolar transistors).
Preferably, the first switching tube, the second switching tube, the third switching tube, the fourth switching tube and the fifth switching tube are MOSFETs (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor).
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a self-balancing modularized multi-level converter, which adopts modularized design, can realize capacitor voltage self-balancing without an additional capacitor voltage detection system and a complex control algorithm, and simultaneously improves the reliability and the safety of the system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a circuit connection according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a circuit connection according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the circuit connection of the self-balancing three-level module according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a series charging mode of operation of the self-balancing three-level module of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the 0 level operation mode of the self-balancing three-level module according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a one-time level operation mode of the self-balancing three-level module according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a two-level mode of operation of the self-balancing three-level module of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an operation state of one of the self-balancing three-level inter-module voltage automatic balancing circuits according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of another circuit operating state of the self-balancing three-level inter-module voltage automatic balancing according to the present invention;
1, a first self-balancing module; 2. a second self-balancing module; 3. and a voltage balancing module.
Detailed Description
The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the present patent;
for the purpose of better illustrating the embodiments, certain elements of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced and do not represent the actual product dimensions;
it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a self-balancing modular multilevel converter comprises at least one phase unit comprising a first self-balancing module 1 and a second self-balancing module 2;
one end of the first self-balancing module 1 is used as a first direct current end, one end of the second self-balancing module 2 is used as a second direct current end, and the other end of the first self-balancing module 1 and the other end of the second self-balancing module 2 are both used for connecting an alternating current end.
More specifically, the first self-balancing module 1 comprises n self-balancing three-level modules, 2n-2 voltage balancing modules 3 and an inductor, wherein n is more than or equal to 2;
the n self-balancing three-level modules are electrically connected in sequence, the first end of the first self-balancing three-level module is used as a first direct current end, the second end of the last self-balancing three-level module is electrically connected with one end of an inductor, and the other end of the inductor is used for being connected with an alternating current end;
a voltage balancing module 3 is connected between the third ends of every two adjacent self-balancing three-level modules;
a voltage balancing module 3 is connected between the fourth ends of every two adjacent self-balancing three-level modules.
More specifically, the second self-balancing module 2 comprises n self-balancing three-level modules, 2n-2 voltage balancing modules 3 and an inductor, wherein n is more than or equal to 2;
the n self-balancing three-level modules are electrically connected in sequence, a first end of a first self-balancing three-level module is electrically connected with one end of an inductor, the other end of the inductor is used for being connected with an alternating current end, and a second end of a last self-balancing three-level module is used as a second direct current end;
a voltage balancing module 3 is connected between the third ends of every two adjacent self-balancing three-level modules;
a voltage balancing module 3 is connected between the fourth ends of every two adjacent self-balancing three-level modules.
More specifically, the voltage balancing module 3 comprises a diode;
a diode is connected between the third ends of every two adjacent self-balancing three-level modules;
a diode is connected between the fourth ends of every two adjacent self-balancing three-level modules.
In FIG. 1, u a 、u b 、u c Three alternating current ends are respectively connected with three phase units; the n self-balancing three-level modules are SM1, SM2 and SMn respectively; 2n-2 diodes are D respectively 11 To D (n-1)1 D (D) 12 To D (n-1)2 ；L 0 Is an inductor; a. b,c and d correspond to the first, second, third and fourth ends of the self-balancing three-level module, respectively.
Example 2
More specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the voltage balancing module 3 includes a diode and an inductor L r ；
A diode and an inductor L are connected between the third ends of every two adjacent self-balancing three-level modules r The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein the inductor L r Is electrically connected with the third end of one of the self-balancing three-level modules, inductor L r The other end of the self-balancing three-level module is electrically connected with the positive electrode end of the diode, and the negative electrode end of the diode is electrically connected with the third end of the self-balancing three-level module;
a diode and an inductor L are connected between the fourth ends of every two adjacent self-balancing three-level modules r The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein the inductor L r Is electrically connected to the fourth terminal of one of the self-balancing three-level modules, inductor L r The other end of the self-balancing three-level module is electrically connected with the positive electrode end of the diode, and the negative electrode end of the diode is electrically connected with the fourth end of the self-balancing three-level module.
In the specific implementation process, L r The self-balancing three-level module capacitor voltage balance mode current pulse is limited by the characteristic that the inductor current cannot be suddenly changed for small inductance. When the voltage is prevented from being balanced, excessive pulse current is generated, thereby causing electromagnetic interference and even damaging devices.
Example 3
More specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the self-balancing three-level module includes a first switching tube S i1 Second switch tube S i2 Third switch tube S i3 Fourth switching tube S i4 Fifth switch tube S i5 First capacitor C i1 And a second capacitor C i2 ；
The first capacitor C i1 The positive terminal of the first capacitor is used as the first terminal a (input terminal) of the self-balancing three-level module, the negative terminal of the first capacitor is used as the fourth terminal d (balance terminal) of the self-balancing three-level module, and the positive terminal of the second capacitor is used as the self-balancing three-level moduleA third end c (equalizing end) of the level module, wherein the negative end of the second capacitor is used as a second end b (output end) of the self-balancing three-level module;
the first capacitor C i1 Positive terminal of (a) and fourth switching tube S i4 Is electrically connected with one end of the fourth switching tube S i4 The other end of (a) is respectively connected with a second switch tube S i2 One end of (a) a third switching tube S i3 Is electrically connected with one end of the second switch tube S i2 And the other end of the second capacitor C i2 The positive terminal of the second capacitor C is electrically connected with i2 And a fifth switch tube S i5 Is electrically connected with one end of the fifth switch tube S i5 The other end of (a) is respectively connected with a third switch tube S i3 Is connected with the other end of the first switch tube S i1 Is electrically connected with one end of the first switch tube S i1 And the other end of the first capacitor C i1 Is electrically connected to the negative terminal of (c).
More specifically, the first switching tube S i1 Second switch tube S i2 Third switch tube S i3 Fourth switching tube S i4 And a fifth switching tube S i5 One body diode is connected in reverse parallel.
More specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, when the first switching tube S i1 Second switch tube S i2 Third switch tube S i3 Fourth switching tube S i4 And a fifth switching tube S i5 When all are turned off, the first capacitor C i1 And a second capacitor C i2 Through a first switching tube S i1 Body diode of (2), second switching tube S i2 Body diode and third switching tube S i3 The body diode of (2) enters a series charged mode of operation.
In the implementation process, fig. 5 shows the 0-level operation mode of the self-balancing three-level module, where S i3 、S i4 And S is i5 Are all conducted to S i1 And S is i2 Shut off, C i1 Positive terminal of (C) and C i2 The negative electrode terminal of the self-balancing three-level module is connected with the input terminal (a) and the output terminal (b) of the self-balancing three-level module in a short circuit mode, and therefore 0 level is output; due to S i3 、S i4 And S is i5 Each of the switching tubes is turned on and each of the switching tubes includes a body diode, so that a current between the input terminal (a) and the output terminal (b) can flow in both directions in this mode.
FIG. 6 shows a one-time level operation mode of the self-balancing three-level module, in which S i3 Turn off and turn on other switching tubes, C i1 And C i2 The voltage between the input end (a) and the output end (b) of the self-balancing three-level module is capacitor voltage and current can flow bidirectionally through the on-state switching tube and the body diode thereof in parallel connection; at this time, due to C i1 And C i2 Run in parallel, so C i1 And C i2 The voltage between them can be balanced automatically.
FIG. 7 shows a two-level operation mode of the self-balancing three-level module, in which S i1 、S i2 And S is i3 Are all conducted to S i4 And S is i5 Shut off, C i1 And C at the negative terminal of (2) i2 Is connected to the positive terminal of the capacitor such that the voltage between the input terminal (a) and the output terminal (b) is C i1 And C i2 The sum of the capacitances of (2), i.e. the double capacitance voltage; in this mode the current between the input (a) and the output (b) can flow in both directions as well.
As shown in FIG. 8, when the ith self-balancing three-level module SMi operates in the 0-level operation mode, S i3 、S i4 And S is i5 Are all conducted to S i1 And S is i2 Turn off, C if the voltage of the capacitor in SMi is higher than the voltage of the capacitor in the (i+1) th self-balancing three-level module SM (i+1) i1 Will pass S i3 、S i4 、S i5 And diode D i1 Is a capacitor C (i+1)1 Charging to realize C i1 And C (i+1)1 Voltage balance between. Similarly, as shown in FIG. 9, when the voltage of the capacitor in SMi is lower than the voltage of the capacitor in SM (i+1), capacitor C is in the 0 level operation mode of SM (i+1) (i+1)2 Will pass through the switch tube S (i+1)3 、S (i+1)4 、S (i+1)5 And diode D i2 Is a capacitor C i2 Charging to thereby realize the capacitance C i2 And C (i+1)2 Voltage balance between.
Therefore, the voltage between the two capacitors in the self-balancing three-level module can be balanced automatically through the parallel operation of the self-balancing three-level module, and the voltage of the capacitor between the self-balancing three-level module can be balanced automatically through the diode connected between the self-balancing three-level module. Therefore, the capacitor voltages in all the self-balancing three-level modules and among the self-balancing three-level modules in each of the first self-balancing module 1 and the second self-balancing module 2 can be automatically balanced.
Example 4
More specifically, the first switching tube S i1 Second switch tube S i2 Third switch tube S i3 Fourth switching tube S i4 And a fifth switching tube S i5 Are IGBTs.
Example 5
More specifically, the first switching tube S i1 Second switch tube S i2 Third switch tube S i3 Fourth switching tube S i4 And a fifth switching tube S i5 Are MOSFETs.
It is to be understood that the above examples of the present invention are provided by way of illustration only and not by way of limitation of the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. which come within the spirit and principles of the invention are desired to be protected by the following claims.
Claims (7)
1. A self-balancing modular multilevel converter comprising at least one phase unit, said phase unit comprising a first self-balancing module and a second self-balancing module;
one end of the first self-balancing module is used as a first direct current end, one end of the second self-balancing module is used as a second direct current end, and the other end of the first self-balancing module and the other end of the second self-balancing module are both used for connecting an alternating current end;
the first self-balancing module comprises n self-balancing three-level modules, 2n-2 voltage balancing modules and an inductor, wherein n is more than or equal to 2,
the n self-balancing three-level modules are electrically connected in sequence, the first end of the first self-balancing three-level module is used as a first direct current end, the second end of the last self-balancing three-level module is electrically connected with one end of an inductor, and the other end of the inductor is used for being connected with an alternating current end; a voltage balancing module is connected between the third ends of every two adjacent self-balancing three-level modules; a voltage balance module is connected between the fourth ends of every two adjacent self-balancing three-level modules;
the second self-balancing module comprises n self-balancing three-level modules, 2n-2 voltage balancing modules and an inductor,
the n self-balancing three-level modules are electrically connected in sequence, a first end of a first self-balancing three-level module is electrically connected with one end of an inductor, the other end of the inductor is used for being connected with an alternating current end, and a second end of a last self-balancing three-level module is used as a second direct current end; a voltage balancing module is connected between the third ends of every two adjacent self-balancing three-level modules; a voltage balance module is connected between the fourth ends of every two adjacent self-balancing three-level modules;
the self-balancing three-level module comprises a first switching tube, a second switching tube, a third switching tube, a fourth switching tube, a fifth switching tube, a first capacitor and a second capacitor;
the positive electrode end of the first capacitor is used as a first end of the self-balancing three-level module, the negative electrode end of the first capacitor is used as a fourth end of the self-balancing three-level module, the positive electrode end of the second capacitor is used as a third end of the self-balancing three-level module, and the negative electrode end of the second capacitor is used as a second end of the self-balancing three-level module;
the positive end of the first capacitor is electrically connected with one end of the fourth switching tube, the other end of the fourth switching tube is electrically connected with one end of the second switching tube and one end of the third switching tube respectively, the other end of the second switching tube is electrically connected with the positive end of the second capacitor, the negative end of the second capacitor is electrically connected with one end of the fifth switching tube, the other end of the fifth switching tube is electrically connected with the other end of the third switching tube and one end of the first switching tube respectively, and the other end of the first switching tube is electrically connected with the negative end of the first capacitor.
2. A self-balancing modular multilevel converter according to claim 1, wherein said voltage balancing module comprises a diode;
a diode is connected between the third ends of every two adjacent self-balancing three-level modules;
a diode is connected between the fourth ends of every two adjacent self-balancing three-level modules.
3. A self-balancing modular multilevel converter according to claim 1, wherein said voltage balancing module comprises a diode and an inductor;
a diode and an inductor are connected between the third ends of every two adjacent self-balancing three-level modules; one end of the inductor is electrically connected with the third end of one self-balancing three-level module, the other end of the inductor is electrically connected with one end of the diode, and the other end of the diode is electrically connected with the third end of the other self-balancing three-level module;
a diode and an inductor are connected between the fourth ends of every two adjacent self-balancing three-level modules; one end of the inductor is electrically connected with the fourth end of one self-balancing three-level module, the other end of the inductor is electrically connected with one end of the diode, and the other end of the diode is electrically connected with the fourth end of the other self-balancing three-level module.
4. A self-balancing modular multilevel converter according to claim 1, wherein the first, second, third, fourth and fifth switching tubes are each connected in anti-parallel with a body diode.
5. The self-balancing modular multilevel converter of claim 4, wherein the first capacitor and the second capacitor enter a series charged operating mode through the body diode of the first switching tube, the body diode of the second switching tube, and the body diode of the third switching tube when the first switching tube, the second switching tube, the third switching tube, the fourth switching tube, and the fifth switching tube are all turned off.
6. The self-balancing modular multilevel converter of claim 1, wherein the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth switching tubes are IGBTs.
7. The self-balancing modular multilevel converter of claim 1, wherein the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth switching tubes are MOSFETs.
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| CN103633872A (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2014-03-12 | 山东大学 | Capacitor voltage self-balancing circuit of modularized multi-level converter |
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| CN111371336A (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2020-07-03 | 东南大学 | Hybrid modular multilevel converter based on energy self-balancing circuit |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110011327A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-07-12 | 浙江大学 | A kind of modular multilevel circuit based on Active Power Filter-APF |
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| CN103633872A (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2014-03-12 | 山东大学 | Capacitor voltage self-balancing circuit of modularized multi-level converter |
| CN107834590A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-03-23 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of photovoltaic generation D.C. high voltage transmission devices and methods therefor |
| CN111371336A (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2020-07-03 | 东南大学 | Hybrid modular multilevel converter based on energy self-balancing circuit |
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| Title |
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| 模块化多电平换流器电容电压的一种平衡控制方法;李云丰;宋平岗;王楚;;大功率变流技术(第05期);全文 * |
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