CN112376168B - Continuous preparation method and system of non-woven fabric - Google Patents
Continuous preparation method and system of non-woven fabric Download PDFInfo
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- CN112376168B CN112376168B CN202011267789.9A CN202011267789A CN112376168B CN 112376168 B CN112376168 B CN 112376168B CN 202011267789 A CN202011267789 A CN 202011267789A CN 112376168 B CN112376168 B CN 112376168B
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H13/00—Other non-woven fabrics
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/44—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
- D01F6/52—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polymers of unsaturated carboxylic acids or unsaturated esters
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4282—Addition polymers
- D04H1/4291—Olefin series
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
- D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
- D04H1/732—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged by fluid current, e.g. air-lay
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
- D04H3/007—Addition polymers
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/02—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
- D06C7/00—Heating or cooling textile fabrics
- D06C7/04—Carbonising or oxidising
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2505/00—Industrial
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- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2505/00—Industrial
- D10B2505/04—Filters
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- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a continuous preparation method of non-woven fabric, which comprises the following steps: carrying out airflow-assisted spinning by taking a mixed solution of graphene oxide/sodium polyacrylate as a precursor, collecting graphene oxide/sodium polyacrylate gel fibers by using a reelable substrate, and drying to obtain a graphene oxide/sodium polyacrylate non-woven fabric separated from the substrate; the substrate is soaked with a solidification liquid, and the solidification liquid is selected from poor graphene oxide solvents. According to the method, a small amount of sodium polyacrylate solution is added into the graphene oxide aqueous solution, so that the graphene oxide aqueous solution has ultrahigh tensile property, and the non-woven fabric can be prepared by an airflow-assisted spinning method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of nano materials, and particularly relates to a method and a system for obtaining non-woven fabrics by a one-step method.
Technical Field
In 2004, professor a.k.geom, university of manchester, uk, successfully prepared graphene by using a mechanical exfoliation method and hung on a miniature gold frame, and the conclusion that a perfect two-dimensional crystal structure cannot stably exist at a non-absolute zero degree is overcome. In other words, the graphene in a free state can exist stably at room temperature; under the same conditions, any other known material is oxidized or decomposed and becomes unstable even at a thickness 10 times its monolayer thickness. Structurally, Graphene (Graphene) is an sp2 hybridized monolayer carbon atom crystal which is tightly packed into a two-dimensional honeycomb lattice structure, carbon atoms in the layer are connected in a covalent bond mode and have ultrahigh strength (120GPa), so that the carbon-based material with a specific structure is constructed by taking the Graphene as a source material, and the design, controllability and macroscopic preparation of the carbon-based functional material nanostructure are gradually attracted by global scientists.
The graphene oxide fiber has the characteristics of high strength, high modulus, high electric conductivity, high heat conductivity, multiple functions and the like, and has attracted wide attention of scholars at home and abroad. However, graphene is a typical two-dimensional polymer, and the dispersion has a large distance between sheets and is not entangled with chains similar to the polymer, and the dispersion mainly shows viscous flow property, and the gel fiber has poor stretchability and is easily broken when being subjected to stress, so that the spinning speed is very slow, only wet spinning can be performed, and the spinning speed is not more than 5 m/min. The non-woven fabric made of the graphene fibers inherits the excellent performances of high thermal conductivity, high electric conductivity and the like of the graphene fibers, and has a wide prospect in the fields of energy storage, sensors, C/C composite materials, heat management, catalyst carriers and the like.
In industry, spinning speed is mainly determined by the extrusion speed and the draw ratio together. Because the precursor graphene oxide is a two-dimensional polymer, chain entanglement similar to a polymer does not exist in the spinning solution, the interaction force between the sheet layers is weak, the stretching ratio is extremely small, usually less than 30%, and stable high stretching cannot be realized; and because the wet spinning fiber is extremely fragile, the spinning speed is extremely low and the coagulation bath is not disturbed in the spinning process, so that the graphene oxide solution cannot realize high-speed spinning similar to polymer solution or melt, and the graphene fiber and non-woven fabric cannot be efficiently prepared. And because only wet spinning can be adopted, the stable, continuous and uniform dispersion of the graphene oxide fibers on the substrate cannot be realized, and the continuous preparation of the graphene non-woven fabric cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for continuously preparing non-woven fabric by one step method by directly spraying graphene oxide/sodium polyacrylate mixed solution on a substrate soaked with a coagulating bath by using airflow-assisted spinning, and a system for preparing the non-woven fabric.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a continuous preparation method of non-woven fabric is characterized by comprising the following steps: carrying out airflow-assisted spinning by taking a mixed solution of graphene oxide/sodium polyacrylate as a precursor, collecting graphene oxide/sodium polyacrylate gel fibers by using a reelable substrate, and drying to obtain a graphene oxide/sodium polyacrylate non-woven fabric separated from the substrate; the substrate is soaked with a solidification liquid, and the solidification liquid is selected from poor graphene oxide solvents.
In the mixed solution of the graphene oxide and the sodium polyacrylate, the mass fraction of the graphene oxide is 0.2-1%, the mass of the sodium polyacrylate accounts for 25-75% of the total mass of the graphene oxide and the sodium polyacrylate, and the weight average molecular weight of the sodium polyacrylate is 100-3000 ten thousand.
Further, the poor solvent is selected from ethanol, isopropanol, ethyl acetate and a mixed solution thereof.
And further, carrying out chemical reduction on the obtained graphene oxide/sodium polyacrylate non-woven fabric to obtain reduced graphene oxide/sodium polyacrylate non-woven fabric.
Further, the chemically reduced non-woven fabric is subjected to high-temperature ablation at 500 ℃ to remove polymers in the chemically reduced non-woven fabric, so that pure reduced graphene oxide non-woven fabric is obtained.
Further, the fiber forming linear velocity of the airflow-assisted spinning is 100-1000 m/min.
Further, the substrate that can be rolled up is PP, PE, PTFE, nylon or the like.
A continuous nonwoven fabric production system comprising:
at least one guide roller, a wind-up roller, a solidification liquid coating device and an airflow auxiliary spinning device;
and a substrate moving from the guide roller to the take-up roller while sequentially passing through a coating region of the coagulation liquid coating device and a spraying region of the air-assisted spinning device.
The airflow-assisted spinning device is characterized in that a spinning solution is contained in the airflow-assisted spinning device, the spinning solution is a mixed solution of graphene oxide and sodium polyacrylate, the mass fraction of the graphene oxide is 0.2% -1%, the mass of the sodium polyacrylate accounts for 25% -75% of the total mass of the graphene oxide and the sodium polyacrylate, and the weight average molecular weight of the sodium polyacrylate is 100-3000 ten thousand;
the solidification liquid is a poor solvent for graphene oxide.
Further, the solidification liquid coating device is a solidification liquid dip-coating device and comprises a container containing solidification liquid; the guide roller is positioned in the coagulating bath, and the collecting roller is positioned above the liquid level of the coagulating bath.
Further, the coagulating liquid coating device is a coagulating liquid spraying device, and the coagulating liquid spraying device and the air flow auxiliary spinning device are arranged above the substrate in the front-back direction along the moving direction of the substrate.
Further, the substrate is PP, PE, PTFE or nylon.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the viscoelasticity of the graphene oxide aqueous solution is effectively changed by adding a proper amount of sodium polyacrylate solution, so that the graphene oxide aqueous solution has viscoelasticity similar to polymerization, and therefore, the graphene oxide aqueous solution can show ultrahigh tensile property (the tensile ratio is more than 8 times), thereby meeting the condition of realizing airflow-assisted spinning, increasing the spinning speed of the graphene oxide solution from 5 m/min to 500 m/min, collecting fibers by using a substrate soaked with a coagulating bath, and quickly preparing the graphene oxide/sodium polyacrylate non-woven fabric. The graphene oxide/sodium polyacrylate non-woven fabric is subjected to chemical reduction, high-temperature ablation and graphitization at 3000 ℃ to obtain the graphene non-woven fabric which can be applied to gas adsorption, energy storage, filter membranes, capacitors, battery electrodes, catalyst carriers, gas diffusion layers of fuel cells and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the system for continuous production of nonwoven fabric according to the invention;
FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of the system for continuous production of nonwoven fabric according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows a third embodiment of the system for continuous production of nonwoven fabric according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 shows a fourth embodiment of the continuous nonwoven fabric manufacturing system of the present invention;
FIG. 5 shows a fifth embodiment of the continuous nonwoven fabric manufacturing system of the present invention;
FIG. 6 shows the high extensional rheological properties of the graphene oxide/sodium polyacrylate mixed solution;
fig. 7 collects the resulting graphene oxide nonwoven fabric;
FIG. 8 is a microscopic structure diagram of a graphene non-woven fabric obtained after graphitization at 3000 ℃;
fig. 9 is a stress-strain curve of a graphene non-woven fabric;
in the figure, 101 is a substrate, 102 is a guide roll, 103 is a take-up roll, 104 is a solidification liquid coating device, 105 is an air flow auxiliary spinning device, and 106 is an infrared lamp.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a continuous preparation system of a non-woven fabric comprises a guide roll 102, a wind-up roll 103, a coagulation liquid coating device 104, an air flow auxiliary spinning device 105; and a substrate 101 moving from the guide roller 102 to the wind-up roller 103. In this example, the substrate is a PTFE membrane.
In the present embodiment, the solidification liquid coating apparatus 104 is a conventional spray coating apparatus, and sprays the solidification liquid, which uses ethanol, onto the substrate 101.
In this embodiment, the airflow-assisted spinning device 105 performs airflow-assisted spinning on the ultrahigh-tensile solution by using a coaxial needle, the types of the inner needle and the outer needle are 18G and 15G, respectively, the fiber-forming linear velocity of the airflow-assisted spinning is 350 m/min, and the spinning solution is prepared by the following steps:
(1) preparing a graphene oxide aqueous solution with the concentration of 1.0 wt% and a sodium polyacrylate (with the weight-average molecular weight of 100 ten thousand) aqueous solution with the concentration of 2.0 wt%.
(2) And uniformly mixing the graphene oxide aqueous solution and the sodium polyacrylate aqueous solution according to the mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain the graphene oxide/sodium polyacrylate ultrahigh-tensile solution. Fig. 5 shows the high tensile properties of a graphene oxide/sodium polyacrylate extensional fluid, which has an elongation at break ratio of 1350%.
The substrate 101 is drawn by a guide roller 102, passes through the coating area of the coagulating liquid coating device 104 to obtain a PTFE film soaked with ethanol, enters the spraying area of the airflow auxiliary spinning device 105, collects sprayed gel fibers and forms non-woven fabric, and is wound by a winding roller together with the substrate.
And (3) drying the substrate on the winding roller at about 80 ℃, and separating the non-woven fabric from the substrate to obtain the continuous graphene oxide non-woven fabric. The strength was measured to be 201KPa and the elongation at break was 9.8%.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2, a continuous preparation system of a non-woven fabric comprises a guide roll 102, two wind-up rolls 103, a solidification liquid coating device 104, an air flow auxiliary spinning device 105, an infrared lamp 106; and a substrate 101 moving from the guide roller 102 to the wind-up roller 103. In this example, the substrate is a PTFE membrane.
In the present embodiment, the solidification liquid coating apparatus 104 is a conventional spray coating apparatus, and sprays the solidification liquid, which is isopropanol, onto the substrate 101.
In this embodiment, the airflow-assisted spinning device 105 performs airflow-assisted spinning on the ultrahigh-tensile solution by using a coaxial needle, the types of the inner needle and the outer needle are 18G and 15G, respectively, the fiber-forming linear velocity of the airflow-assisted spinning is 100 m/min, and the spinning solution is prepared by the following steps:
(1) preparing a graphene oxide aqueous solution with the concentration of 1.2 wt% and a sodium polyacrylate (with the weight-average molecular weight of 3000 ten thousand) aqueous solution with the concentration of 1.2 wt%.
(2) And uniformly mixing the graphene oxide aqueous solution and the sodium polyacrylate aqueous solution according to the mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain the graphene oxide/sodium polyacrylate ultrahigh-tensile solution. The elongation at break of the fluid is 1120%.
The substrate 101 is drawn by a guide roller 102, passes through the coating area of the coagulation liquid coating device 104 to obtain a PTFE film impregnated with isopropyl alcohol, and then enters the spray area of the air flow assisted spinning device 105 to collect the sprayed gel fibers and form a nonwoven fabric. And then the graphene non-woven fabric enters a drying area of the infrared lamp 106, the graphene non-woven fabric on the surface is separated from the substrate after being dried, the graphene oxide non-woven fabric positioned above is collected by one winding roller, and the substrate positioned below is collected by the other winding roller.
In this embodiment, the collected graphene oxide non-woven fabric is further subjected to hydroiodic acid fumigation reduction for 12 hours at a reduction temperature of 95 ℃, residual iodine simple substance is cleaned with a mixed solution of ethanol and water (volume ratio 1:1), and then high-temperature ablation is performed at 500 ℃ to remove a polymer therein, so as to obtain a pure reduced graphene oxide non-woven fabric. It was found to have a strength of 108KPa and an elongation at break of 11.2%.
Then, the obtained graphene nonwoven fabric was subjected to heat treatment at 1000 ℃ and graphene treatment at 3000 ℃ to obtain a graphene nonwoven fabric having a microstructure shown in FIG. 8. Fig. 9 is a stress-strain curve of the graphene nonwoven fabric, wherein the strength is 108KPa and the elongation at break is 3.3%.
The nonwoven fabric can be used for sensors, Gas Diffusion Layers (GDLs) for fuel cells, battery electrodes, catalyst carriers, capacitor electrodes, and the like.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 3, a continuous preparation system of a non-woven fabric comprises a guide roll 102, a wind-up roll 103, a coagulation liquid coating device 104, an air flow auxiliary spinning device 105; and a substrate 101 moving from the guide roller 102 to the wind-up roller 103. In this example, the substrate was a PE film.
In this embodiment, the solidification liquid coating apparatus 104 is a conventional dip coating apparatus, and includes a container containing ethyl acetate; the guide roller 102 is positioned in the coagulation bath, and the collecting roller 103 is positioned above the liquid level of the coagulation bath.
In this embodiment, the airflow-assisted spinning device 105 performs airflow-assisted spinning on the ultrahigh-tensile solution by using a coaxial needle, the types of the inner needle and the outer needle are 18G and 15G, respectively, the fiber-forming linear velocity of the airflow-assisted spinning is 1000 m/min, and the spinning solution is prepared by the following steps:
(1) preparing a graphene oxide aqueous solution with the concentration of 2 wt% and a sodium polyacrylate (with the weight-average molecular weight of 3000 ten thousand) aqueous solution with the concentration of 1.5 wt%.
(2) And uniformly mixing the graphene oxide aqueous solution and the sodium polyacrylate aqueous solution according to the mass ratio of 2:1 to obtain the graphene oxide/sodium polyacrylate ultrahigh-tensile solution. The elongation at break of this fluid is 1460%.
The substrate 101 is drawn by a guide roller 102, introduced into a coagulation bath to obtain a PE film impregnated with ethyl acetate, and then enters a jet area of an air-flow-assisted spinning device 105, and the jetted gel fibers are collected and formed into a nonwoven fabric, and wound up by a wind-up roll together with the substrate.
And (3) drying the substrate on the winding roller at about 80 ℃, and separating the non-woven fabric from the substrate to obtain the continuous graphene oxide non-woven fabric. The strength was measured to be 156KPa, and the elongation at break was 7.6%.
Example 4
As shown in fig. 4, a continuous preparation system of a non-woven fabric comprises three guide rolls 102, two wind-up rolls 103, a solidification liquid coating device 104, an air flow auxiliary spinning device 105, an infrared lamp 106; and a substrate 101 moving from the guide roller 102 to the wind-up roller 103. In this example, the substrate is a PTFE membrane.
In this embodiment, the solidification liquid coating apparatus 104 is a conventional dip coating apparatus, and includes a container containing ethyl acetate; two of the guide rollers 102 are located in the coagulation bath and the collection roller 103 is located above the liquid level of the coagulation bath.
In this embodiment, the airflow-assisted spinning device 105 performs airflow-assisted spinning on the ultrahigh-tensile solution by using a coaxial needle, the types of the inner needle and the outer needle are 18G and 15G, respectively, the fiber-forming linear velocity of the airflow-assisted spinning is 300 m/min, and the spinning solution is prepared by the following steps:
(1) preparing a graphene oxide aqueous solution with the concentration of 1.2 wt% and a sodium polyacrylate (with the weight-average molecular weight of 1000 ten thousand) aqueous solution with the concentration of 2.0 wt%.
(2) And uniformly mixing the graphene oxide aqueous solution and the sodium polyacrylate aqueous solution according to the mass ratio of 5:1 to obtain the graphene oxide/sodium polyacrylate ultrahigh-tensile solution. The elongation at break of this fluid is 1080%.
The substrate 101 is drawn by a guide roller 102, passes through the coating area of the coagulating liquid coating device 104 to obtain a PTFE film soaked with ethyl acetate, is drawn by a guide roller 103, is reversed, and then enters the spraying area of an air flow auxiliary spinning device 105, and the sprayed gel fibers are collected to form a non-woven fabric. And then the graphene non-woven fabric enters a drying area of the infrared lamp 106, the graphene non-woven fabric on the surface is separated from the substrate after being dried, the graphene oxide non-woven fabric positioned above is collected by one winding roller, and the substrate positioned below is collected by the other winding roller.
In this embodiment, the collected graphene oxide non-woven fabric is further subjected to hydroiodic acid fumigation reduction for 12 hours at a reduction temperature of 95 ℃, residual iodine simple substance is cleaned with a mixed solution of ethanol and water (volume ratio 1:1), and then high-temperature ablation is performed at 500 ℃ to remove a polymer therein, so as to obtain a pure reduced graphene oxide non-woven fabric. It was found to have a strength of 143KPa and an elongation at break of 12.8%.
The obtained nonwoven fabric was washed with a 1% hydrochloric acid solution to remove the remaining inorganic matter of sodium carbonate, and then heat-treated at 1000 ℃ and subjected to graphene treatment at 2800 ℃ to obtain a graphene nonwoven fabric having a strength of 112KPa and an elongation at break of 2.5%.
The nonwoven fabric can be used for sensors, Gas Diffusion Layers (GDLs) for fuel cells, battery electrodes, catalyst carriers, capacitor electrodes, and the like.
Claims (10)
1. A continuous preparation method of non-woven fabric is characterized by comprising the following steps: carrying out airflow-assisted spinning by taking a mixed solution of graphene oxide/sodium polyacrylate as a precursor, collecting graphene oxide/sodium polyacrylate gel fibers by using a reelable substrate, and drying to obtain a graphene oxide/sodium polyacrylate non-woven fabric separated from the substrate; the substrate is soaked with a solidification liquid, and the solidification liquid is selected from poor graphene oxide solvents;
in the mixed solution of the graphene oxide and the sodium polyacrylate, the mass fraction of the graphene oxide is 0.2-1%, the mass of the sodium polyacrylate accounts for 25-75% of the total mass of the graphene oxide and the sodium polyacrylate, and the weight average molecular weight of the sodium polyacrylate is 100-3000 ten thousand.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the poor solvent is selected from the group consisting of ethanol, isopropanol, ethyl acetate and a mixed solution thereof.
3. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the obtained graphene oxide/sodium polyacrylate non-woven fabric is subjected to chemical reduction to obtain a reduced graphene oxide/sodium polyacrylate non-woven fabric.
4. The preparation method of claim 3, further comprising subjecting the chemically reduced non-woven fabric to high-temperature ablation at 500 ℃ to remove polymers therein, so as to obtain a pure reduced graphene oxide non-woven fabric.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fiber-forming linear velocity of the gas-flow-assisted spinning is 100-1000 m/min.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein the rollable substrate is PP, PE, PTFE or nylon.
7. A continuous nonwoven fabric production system, comprising:
at least one guide roller, a wind-up roller, a solidification liquid coating device and an airflow auxiliary spinning device;
and a substrate moving from the guide roller to the wind-up roller while sequentially passing through a coating region of the solidification liquid coating device and a spraying region of the air-assisted spinning device;
the airflow-assisted spinning device is characterized in that a spinning solution is contained in the airflow-assisted spinning device, the spinning solution is a mixed solution of graphene oxide and sodium polyacrylate, the mass fraction of the graphene oxide is 0.2% -1%, the mass of the sodium polyacrylate accounts for 25% -75% of the total mass of the graphene oxide and the sodium polyacrylate, and the weight average molecular weight of the sodium polyacrylate is 100-3000 ten thousand;
the solidification liquid is a poor solvent for graphene oxide.
8. The continuous production system of non-woven fabric according to claim 7, wherein the coagulation liquid coating device is a coagulation liquid dip coating device comprising a container containing a coagulation liquid; the guide roller is positioned in the coagulating bath, and the winding roller is positioned above the liquid level of the coagulating bath.
9. The continuous producing system of non-woven fabric according to claim 7, wherein the coagulation liquid coating device is a coagulation liquid spraying device, and the coagulation liquid spraying device and the air flow-assisted spinning device are arranged in tandem above the base in a moving direction of the base.
10. The continuous nonwoven fabric production system of claim 7, wherein the substrate is PP, PE, PTFE or nylon.
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