CN112327998A - Maximum power tracking controller for electric power - Google Patents
Maximum power tracking controller for electric power Download PDFInfo
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- CN112327998A CN112327998A CN202011201959.3A CN202011201959A CN112327998A CN 112327998 A CN112327998 A CN 112327998A CN 202011201959 A CN202011201959 A CN 202011201959A CN 112327998 A CN112327998 A CN 112327998A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/66—Regulating electric power
- G05F1/67—Regulating electric power to the maximum power available from a generator, e.g. from solar cell
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, in particular to a maximum power tracking controller for electric power; the photovoltaic power generation system comprises a photovoltaic power generation panel array, a controller, a temperature detection module, an illumination detection module, an energy storage module and a grid-connected inverter module, wherein a control module, a voltage and current detection circuit, a power converter and a driving circuit are arranged in the controller; the invention can effectively solve the problems that the maximum power point tracking controller of the controller in the prior art is slow in regulation speed when in actual use and has great influence on the fluctuation caused by long-term stable operation of a photovoltaic system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, in particular to a maximum power tracking controller for electric power.
Background
Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) is a technology commonly used in wind power generators and photovoltaic solar systems, and aims to obtain Maximum power output under various conditions.
Maximum power point tracking is mainly used in solar power generation, but its principle can also be applied to energy sources whose input power varies: such as optical energy transmission and thermal electro-optical.
The photovoltaic solar system may be connected to an inverter, an external power grid, a battery pack, or other electrical load. However, the problem to be dealt with by maximum power point tracking is similar regardless of the connected load, i.e. the efficiency of solar cell power transmission is related to the amount of sunlight striking the solar panel and also to the electronic characteristics of the load. When the daily situation changes, the load curve that can provide the maximum power transmission efficiency also changes, and if the load can be adjusted by matching with the load curve with the highest power transmission efficiency, the system has the best efficiency. The load characteristic in which the power transmission efficiency is highest is called maximum power point (maximum power point). Maximum power point tracking seeks to find the maximum power point and maintain the load characteristic at this power point. The circuit can be designed to represent any load connected to the solar cell and then convert the voltage, current or frequency to suit other systems. While maximum power point tracking can find the optimal load needed to get the maximum available power.
The main factors influencing the maximum power point of the photovoltaic power generation system are the temperature of the environment and the illumination intensity of the environment.
At present, the most common means for finding the maximum power point of the photovoltaic system for the maximum power point tracking controller mainly include a disturbance observation method, a variable step disturbance observation method, a conductance incremental method, a variable step conductance incremental method, an intelligent MPPT method and the like.
However, the existing maximum power tracking controller for electric power has the following disadvantages:
firstly, the regulation speed is slow, and the maximum power point tracking controller needs to search the maximum power point of the photovoltaic system again whenever the environmental parameters (the temperature of the environment and the illumination intensity of the environment) are changed;
secondly, the fluctuation influence on the long-term stable operation of the photovoltaic system is large, because the maximum power point tracking controller needs to search the maximum power point of the photovoltaic system again every time the environmental parameters (the environmental temperature and the environmental illumination intensity) change, and the photovoltaic system generates certain fluctuation in the process of searching a new maximum power point of the photovoltaic system every time the maximum power point tracking controller searches, which is unfavorable for the long-term stable operation of the photovoltaic system.
Disclosure of Invention
Solves the technical problem
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the maximum power point tracking controller for electric power, which can effectively solve the problems that the maximum power point tracking controller in the prior art is slow in regulation speed in actual use and has great influence on the fluctuation caused by long-term stable operation of a photovoltaic system.
Technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a maximum power tracking controller for electric power comprises a photovoltaic power generation panel array, a controller, a temperature detection module, an illumination detection module, an energy storage module and a grid-connected inverter module; the controller is internally provided with a control module, a voltage and current detection circuit, a power converter and a driving circuit, a microprocessor and a storage module are arranged in the control module, the photovoltaic power generation panel array, the power converter and the grid-connected inverter module are sequentially and electrically connected, the output end of the grid-connected inverter module is connected with a power grid through a grid-connected protection circuit, the output end of the power converter is also connected with the energy storage module through a charge-discharge protection circuit, the output end of the energy storage module is respectively connected with a direct current load and a (low-voltage) inverter module, the output end of the (low-voltage) inverter module is connected with a (low-voltage) alternating current load, the output end of the power converter is in signal connection with the voltage and current detection circuit, the output end of the voltage and current detection, the microprocessor is further in signal connection with the charge-discharge protection circuit, a DC/DC buck-boost type conversion circuit is arranged inside the power converter, and the temperature detection module and the illumination detection module are both in signal connection with the microprocessor.
Furthermore, the type of the microprocessor is a single chip microcomputer or a PLC, and the microprocessor also adopts a MOSFET as a charging and discharging protection tube and a control tube.
Furthermore, the energy storage module adopts any one of a super capacitor, a lead-acid battery, a lithium ion battery, a sodium-sulfur battery or an all-vanadium redox flow battery.
Furthermore, the storage module is a solid state disk.
Furthermore, the driving circuit comprises a photoelectric coupler and a push-pull circuit.
Further, the DC/DC buck-boost conversion circuit comprises a switch tube, a diode, an inductor and a capacitor.
Furthermore, the temperature detection module is a digital temperature detection module, and the precision of the digital temperature detection module is within a closed range of 0.01-1.
Furthermore, the illumination detection module is a digital illumination detection module, and the precision of the illumination detection module is within a closed interval of 0.01-1.
Advantageous effects
Compared with the known public technology, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the photovoltaic power generation system is additionally provided with a photovoltaic power generation panel array, a controller, a temperature detection module, an illumination detection module, an energy storage module and a grid-connected inverter module; the controller is internally provided with a control module, a voltage and current detection circuit, a power converter and a driving circuit, the control module is internally provided with a microprocessor and a storage module, the photovoltaic power generation panel array, the power converter and the grid-connected inverter module are sequentially and electrically connected, the output end of the grid-connected inverter module is connected with a power grid through a grid-connected protection circuit, the output end of the power converter is also connected with an energy storage module through a charge and discharge protection circuit, the output end of the energy storage module is respectively connected with a direct current load and a (low-voltage) inverter module, the output end of the (low-voltage) inverter module is connected with a (low-voltage) alternating current load, the output end of the power converter is in signal connection with the voltage and current detection circuit, the output end of the voltage and, the power converter is internally provided with a DC/DC buck-boost conversion circuit, and the temperature detection module and the illumination detection module are in signal connection with the microprocessor; when the external environment changes, the controller brings the changed environmental conditions (illumination intensity and temperature) into the storage module to search whether the result is the same as the environmental conditions, if so, the voltage of the maximum power point under the conditions can be immediately obtained, if not, the conductance incremental method is immediately started to search the maximum power point of the system under the conditions, and the voltage of the maximum power point and the environmental conditions which are found under the conditions are stored in the storage module for the next use; the effects of effectively improving the system adjusting speed and the long-term operation stability of the photovoltaic system are achieved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a solar power system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the control principle of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a driving circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a photocoupler circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a DC/DC buck-boost converter circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the area of FIG. 2A;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the area of FIG. 2B;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of the area of FIG. 2C;
fig. 9 is an enlarged view of the area of fig. 2D.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
Examples
A maximum power tracking controller for electric power of the present embodiment, with reference to fig. 1 to 9: the photovoltaic power generation system comprises a photovoltaic power generation panel array, a controller, a temperature detection module, an illumination detection module, an energy storage module and a grid-connected inverter module; the controller is internally provided with a control module, a voltage and current detection circuit, a power converter and a driving circuit, the control module is internally provided with a microprocessor and a storage module, the photovoltaic power generation panel array, the power converter and the grid-connected inverter module are sequentially and electrically connected, the output end of the grid-connected inverter module is connected with a power grid through a grid-connected protection circuit, the output end of the power converter is also connected with an energy storage module through a charge and discharge protection circuit, the output end of the energy storage module is respectively connected with a direct current load and a (low-voltage) inverter module, the output end of the (low-voltage) inverter module is connected with a (low-voltage) alternating current load, the output end of the power converter is in signal connection with the voltage and current detection circuit, the output end of the voltage and, the power converter is internally provided with a DC/DC buck-boost type conversion circuit, and the temperature detection module and the illumination detection module are in signal connection with the microprocessor.
The microprocessor is a single chip microcomputer, and the MOSFET is further adopted on the microprocessor as a charging and discharging protection tube and a control tube.
The energy storage module adopts the lithium ion battery, and the lithium ion battery has the advantages of long cycle life, good low-temperature discharge performance, strong charge retention capability, strong continuous capability, high specific energy, wide working temperature range, short charging time, capability of discharging with large current, no influence on cycle life of discharging with large current and the like.
The solid state disk is selected as the storage module, and has the advantages of quick start, quick random reading, extremely small reading delay, no noise, high reliability, larger working temperature range, smaller volume and the like.
The driving circuit comprises a photoelectric coupler and a push-pull circuit.
The DC/DC buck-boost conversion circuit comprises a switching tube, a diode, an inductor and a capacitor.
The temperature detection module is a digital temperature detection module, and the precision of the digital temperature detection module reaches 0.01.
The illumination detection module is a digital illumination detection module, and the precision of the illumination detection module reaches 0.01.
The working principle is as follows:
the first step, begin;
secondly, the microprocessor reads a value T (i) on the temperature detection module and a value L (i) on the illumination detection module in real time;
thirdly, comparing the T (i) and the L (i) with the T (k) and the L (k) respectively in real time by the microprocessor, and judging whether the two difference values are the same or not, wherein the meanings of the T (k) and the L (k) are the corresponding ambient temperature and the ambient illumination intensity under the working state of the maximum power point maintained by the current system;
step four, if the judgment result of the step two is yes, the system keeps the current working state unchanged, namely the microprocessor does not compensate the output voltage of the power converter through the driving circuit, and returns to the step two;
fifthly, if the judgment result in the second step is 'no', the microprocessor brings T (i) and L (i) into the storage module for searching, and whether T (n) and L (n) can be found in the storage module to be equal to T (i) and L (i) is judged;
sixthly, if the judgment result in the fifth step is 'yes', when the environmental conditions are T (i) and L (i), the voltage of the maximum power point of the system is U (n) corresponding to T (n) and L (n) in the storage module;
seventhly, immediately after the sixth step, correspondingly adjusting the output voltage of the power converter by the microprocessor according to U (n), and returning to the second step;
eighthly, if the judgment result in the fifth step is negative, the microprocessor starts a conductance increment method to search the maximum power point of the system under the conditions of T (i) and L (i);
ninth step, after finding the maximum power point, the microprocessor compensates the output voltage of the power converter through the driving circuit, namely the output voltage of the power converter is equal to the voltage U (i ') of the system maximum power point when T (i ') and L (i '), and returns to the second step;
tenth step, following the ninth step, the microprocessor stores T (i '), L (i') and the voltage U (i ') of the maximum power point of the system at that time in the storage module, that is, [ T (i'), L (i '), U (i') ];
and a tenth step, which is immediately followed by the above tenth step, wherein the microprocessor compares T (i '), L (i') with T (k), and L (k), and if they are the same, performs the overwriting storage, and if they are different, performs the independent storage, and returns to the second step.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the equipment or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered as limiting the present invention.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions.
Claims (8)
1. A maximum power tracking controller for electrical power, characterized by: the photovoltaic power generation system comprises a photovoltaic power generation panel array, a controller, a temperature detection module, an illumination detection module, an energy storage module and a grid-connected inverter module;
the controller is internally provided with a control module, a voltage and current detection circuit, a power converter and a driving circuit, a microprocessor and a storage module are arranged in the control module, the photovoltaic power generation panel array, the power converter and the grid-connected inverter module are sequentially and electrically connected, the output end of the grid-connected inverter module is connected with a power grid through a grid-connected protection circuit, the output end of the power converter is also connected with the energy storage module through a charge-discharge protection circuit, the output end of the energy storage module is respectively connected with a direct current load and a (low-voltage) inverter module, the output end of the (low-voltage) inverter module is connected with a (low-voltage),
the output end signal connection of power converter has voltage current detection circuit, voltage current detection circuit's output end signal connection has microprocessor, microprocessor feeds in the power converter through drive circuit, microprocessor still with charge-discharge protection circuit signal connection, the inside DC/DC buck-boost converting circuit that is equipped with of power converter, temperature detection module and illumination detection module all with microprocessor signal connection.
2. The maximum power tracking controller for electric power as claimed in claim 1, wherein the microprocessor is of a single chip microcomputer or a PLC, and MOSFETs are further used as the charging and discharging protection tube and the control tube.
3. The maximum power tracking controller for electric power as claimed in claim 1, wherein the energy storage module is any one of a super capacitor, a lead-acid battery, a lithium ion battery, a sodium-sulfur battery or an all-vanadium redox flow battery.
4. The maximum power tracking controller for power as claimed in claim 1, wherein the storage module is a solid state disk.
5. The maximum power tracking controller for electric power as claimed in claim 1, wherein the driving circuit comprises a photo coupler and a push-pull circuit.
6. The maximum power tracking controller for power of claim 1, wherein the DC/DC buck-boost converter circuit comprises a switch tube, a diode, an inductor and a capacitor.
7. The maximum power tracking controller for electric power as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature detection module is a digital temperature detection module with accuracy within a closed interval of 0.01-1.
8. The maximum power tracking controller for power as claimed in claim 1, wherein the illumination detection module is a digital illumination detection module with accuracy within a closed interval of 0.01-1.
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| CN202011201959.3A CN112327998A (en) | 2020-11-02 | 2020-11-02 | Maximum power tracking controller for electric power |
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| CN202011201959.3A CN112327998A (en) | 2020-11-02 | 2020-11-02 | Maximum power tracking controller for electric power |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101635540A (en) * | 2009-08-18 | 2010-01-27 | 河海大学 | Device and method for tracking photovoltaic maximum power point |
| CN101640434A (en) * | 2008-08-01 | 2010-02-03 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | Photovoltaic parallel grid charging system for electric car |
| CN102355003A (en) * | 2011-09-13 | 2012-02-15 | 辽宁力迅风电控制系统有限公司 | Control method and device for single-phase grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system |
| CN102545257A (en) * | 2012-01-12 | 2012-07-04 | 广东中商国通电子有限公司 | Solar photovoltaic generating single-phase grid-connected inverter and control method thereof |
| CN107086600A (en) * | 2017-05-15 | 2017-08-22 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of solar energy power generating three phase full bridge grid-connected inverting system |
-
2020
- 2020-11-02 CN CN202011201959.3A patent/CN112327998A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101640434A (en) * | 2008-08-01 | 2010-02-03 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | Photovoltaic parallel grid charging system for electric car |
| CN101635540A (en) * | 2009-08-18 | 2010-01-27 | 河海大学 | Device and method for tracking photovoltaic maximum power point |
| CN102355003A (en) * | 2011-09-13 | 2012-02-15 | 辽宁力迅风电控制系统有限公司 | Control method and device for single-phase grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system |
| CN102545257A (en) * | 2012-01-12 | 2012-07-04 | 广东中商国通电子有限公司 | Solar photovoltaic generating single-phase grid-connected inverter and control method thereof |
| CN107086600A (en) * | 2017-05-15 | 2017-08-22 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of solar energy power generating three phase full bridge grid-connected inverting system |
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Application publication date: 20210205 |