CN112252022B - Preparation method of super-hydrophilic PPS composite fiber membrane - Google Patents

Preparation method of super-hydrophilic PPS composite fiber membrane Download PDF

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CN112252022B
CN112252022B CN202011151300.1A CN202011151300A CN112252022B CN 112252022 B CN112252022 B CN 112252022B CN 202011151300 A CN202011151300 A CN 202011151300A CN 112252022 B CN112252022 B CN 112252022B
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hydrophilic
woven fabric
acid
fiber membrane
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李振环
谭策
苏坤梅
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Tianjin Polytechnic University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a super-hydrophilic PPS composite fiber membrane. The method grafts NO on the surface of the PPS porous membrane by reaction with strong oxidizing acid3‑、ClO‑、SO4‑、SO3‑、ClO4‑And (3) converting a hydrophobic membrane into a hydrophilic membrane by using hydrophilic groups, coating hydrophilic cellulose and hydrophilic modified inorganic nanoparticles on the surface of the hydrophobic membrane, adjusting the hydrophilicity and the membrane surface aperture of the fiber membrane, and finally preparing the super-hydrophilic PPS composite fiber membrane by using a hot pressing method. The invention utilizes the excellent physical and chemical properties of the PPS non-woven fabric to modify the surface of the membrane, does not damage the internal matrix structure and pore structure of the membrane, and prepares the super-hydrophilic PPS composite fiber membrane with good hydrophilicity, high interception efficiency, large flux, pollution resistance, high strength, good tensile resistance and solvent resistance and high recycling rate.

Description

Preparation method of super-hydrophilic PPS composite fiber membrane
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of preparation of polymer membrane materials, in particular to a preparation method of a super-hydrophilic PPS composite fiber membrane.
Background
Because the problem of water pollution is increasingly serious, and the traditional oil-water separation method has the defects of low efficiency, high cost, complex operation and the like, materials with special wettability become research hotspots in recent years and are widely applied to the field of oil-water separation. Compared with a two-dimensional material, the three-dimensional material such as non-woven fabric, aerogel, sponge and the like has the characteristics of sufficient net-shaped gaps, small density, light weight and the like, can provide sufficient adsorption space, and is an excellent choice as an oil-water separation material.
Polyphenylene Sulfide (PPS) as a novel thermoplastic resin has excellent high temperature resistance, solvent resistance, acid and alkali corrosion resistance, radiation resistance, flame retardance and good mechanical property and electrical property, can be used in acidic, alkaline and organic solvents for a long time at a high temperature, and has extremely strong wear resistance and aging resistance. PPS as a membrane material can realize the direct treatment of an organic solvent, and because the PPS has excellent creep resistance, good dimensional stability and high elastic modulus, the dissolution and falling-off of the membrane material can be avoided. Taken together, PPS has the potential to be used as a membrane material. However, due to the hydrophobicity of PPS, the surface of the PPS porous membrane prepared by a hot pressing method is hydrophobic, and when the PPS porous membrane is used as an oil-water separation membrane, the PPS porous membrane is easy to cause low flux and membrane pollution, even pore channel blockage, and severely influences the service life of the membrane. The surface of the membrane is grafted with a substance containing hydrophilic groups, so that the hydrophilic performance of the membrane can be effectively improved, the oil pollution resistance of the membrane can be enhanced, and the service life of the membrane can be prolonged.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a preparation method of a super-hydrophilic PPS composite fiber membrane.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problem is to provide a preparation method of the super-hydrophilic PPS composite fiber membrane, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) soaking the PPS non-woven fabric into a strong oxidizing acid water solution, performing grafting reaction until the PPS non-woven fabric becomes yellow, taking out and washing to be neutral to obtain the oxidized and grafted PPS non-woven fabric;
2) uniformly coating the cellulose treated by the silane coupling agent on the surface of the oxidized and grafted PPS non-woven fabric;
3) mixing and dispersing the hydrophilic modified inorganic nano particles and a demulsifier to form a suspension, and then uniformly coating the suspension on the surface of the oxidized and grafted PPS non-woven fabric coated with the cellulose treated by the silane coupling agent;
4) and (3) carrying out hot pressing on the product obtained in the step 3) to obtain the super-hydrophilic PPS composite fiber membrane.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the method grafts NO on the surface of the PPS porous membrane by reaction with strong oxidizing acid3-、ClO-、SO4-、SO3-、ClO4-And the like hydrophilic groups, such as,the conversion from a hydrophobic membrane to a hydrophilic membrane is realized, then hydrophilic cellulose and hydrophilic modified inorganic nano particles are coated on the surface of the hydrophobic membrane, the hydrophilicity and the membrane surface aperture of the fiber membrane are adjusted, and finally the super-hydrophilic PPS composite fiber membrane is prepared by a hot pressing method.
2. The invention utilizes the excellent physical and chemical properties of the PPS non-woven fabric to modify the surface of the membrane, does not damage the internal matrix structure and pore structure of the membrane, and prepares the super-hydrophilic PPS composite fiber membrane with good hydrophilicity, high interception efficiency, large flux, pollution resistance, high strength, good tensile resistance and solvent resistance and high recycling rate.
3. The method is simple to operate, and the super-hydrophilic PPS composite fiber membrane is prepared by simple operation methods such as suction filtration and hot pressing.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an electron microscope image of a PPS composite fiber film obtained in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an electron microscope image of a PPS composite fiber film obtained in example 6 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an electron microscope image of a PPS composite fiber film obtained in example 7 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a contact angle chart of a PPS composite fiber membrane obtained in example 9 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Specific examples of the present invention are given below. The specific examples are only intended to illustrate the invention in further detail and do not limit the scope of protection of the claims of the present application.
The invention provides a preparation method (method for short) of a super-hydrophilic PPS composite fiber membrane, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) ultrasonically cleaning the PPS non-woven fabric by deionized water, ethanol and acetone in sequence to remove impurities such as dust, oil stains and the like on the surface of the PPS non-woven fabric, heating the PPS non-woven fabric to 80-100 ℃ by using an alkaline solution to etch the PPS non-woven fabric, facilitating subsequent grafting reaction, repeatedly washing the PPS non-woven fabric by using deionized water until the PPS non-woven fabric is neutral, and drying the PPS non-woven fabric;
the alkaline solution is a sodium hydroxide solution, a magnesium hydroxide solution, a potassium hydroxide solution, a calcium hydroxide solution, a barium hydroxide solution, a rubidium hydroxide solution, a cesium hydroxide solution, a strontium hydroxide solution, a zinc hydroxide solution, an iron hydroxide solution or a cobalt hydroxide solution; the boiling time is 0.5-3 h;
the PPS non-woven fabric is formed by melting and spraying PPS particles to prepare superfine fibers and then processing the superfine fibers by a spunlace process.
2) Immersing the PPS non-woven fabric obtained in the step 1) into a strong oxidizing acid water solution, performing grafting reaction at normal temperature in an ultrasonic or heating mode until the PPS non-woven fabric turns from white to yellow, taking out and washing to be neutral, and then drying to obtain the oxidized and grafted PPS non-woven fabric;
the strong oxidizing acid is at least one of concentrated nitric acid, concentrated sulfuric acid, hypochlorous acid, chloric acid, chlorous acid, perchloric acid, nitrous acid or permanganic acid; the concentration of the aqueous solution of the strong oxidizing acid is 10-60%;
the heating temperature is 30-80 ℃, and the time is 0.5-12 h; the temperature of the ultrasonic wave is 20-40 ℃, and the time is 0.5-6 h;
3) uniformly coating the cellulose treated by the silane coupling agent on the surface of the oxidized and grafted PPS non-woven fabric in a suction filtration mode;
the silane coupling agent treatment can adopt the prior art, and specifically comprises the following steps: adding fibrous cellulose into an ethanol solution of a silane coupling agent, and stirring at normal temperature for 2-4 h for grafting.
The silane coupling agent is at least one of triaminopropyltriethoxysilane, gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, (3-chloropropyl) trimethoxysilane, mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane, (3-oxopropyl) trichlorosilane, 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, phenyltriethoxysilane or 3-glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane;
the mass ratio of the oxidized and grafted PPS non-woven fabric to the cellulose treated by the silane coupling agent is 3-7: 1;
4) carrying out ultrasonic dispersion on the mixed solution of the inorganic nano particles and the demulsifier after hydrophilic modification to form a suspension, and then uniformly coating the suspension on the surface of the PPS non-woven fabric subjected to oxidation grafting, which is coated with the cellulose treated by the silane coupling agent;
the mass ratio of the hydrophilic modified inorganic nanoparticles to the demulsifier is 1-5: 1;
the inorganic nano particles are at least one of graphene oxide, silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide, zinc dioxide, carbon nano tubes, fullerene, kaolin or montmorillonite; the hydrophilic modifier is at least one of acrylic acid, butenoic acid, oleic acid, lactic acid, glycolic acid, pyruvic acid or oxalic acid; the demulsifier is at least one of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene octadecanol ether, polyoxypropylene, fatty alcohol or polyethylene polyamine;
the hydrophilic modification of the inorganic nanoparticles can adopt the prior art, and specifically comprises the following steps: adding a hydrophilic modifier and inorganic nanoparticles into a solvent, stirring to enable the hydrophilic modifier and the inorganic nanoparticles to be in full contact, then quickly adding an initiator, and stirring for 6-8 hours at the temperature of 60-80 ℃. And after the reaction is finished, the inorganic nano particles are taken out by suction filtration and washed by deionized water so as to remove the residual reactant on the surface of the inorganic nano particles. The solvent is acetone, methanol, ethanol, N-dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide, tetrachloroethane, dichloromethane, dichloroethane or hexamethylphosphoramide; the initiator is hydrogen peroxide, ammonium persulfate, potassium persulfate, benzoyl peroxide tert-butyl ester, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, azobisisobutyronitrile, azobisisoheptonitrile and dimethyl azobisisobutyrate
5) Drying the product obtained in the step 4), and then carrying out hot pressing on a hot press to obtain the super-hydrophilic PPS composite fiber membrane.
The hot pressing temperature is 40-110 ℃, the pressure is 1-30 MPa, and the time is 2-20 min.
The test methods in the examples are as follows:
contact angle test: the contact angle of the composite fiber membrane surface was measured using a dynamic contact angle measuring instrument, and all samples were dried in a vacuum oven at 35 ℃ for 6 hours before testing to keep them sufficiently dry. At room temperature 25 ℃, 2 μ L of water beads were dropped on the surface of the film to be tested, and the course of change was recorded. Taking 3-5 points of each membrane to be measured, and averaging.
And (3) pure water flux test: the film was cut to an area of 2.54cm-1The sample is put into a cross flow filtering device, the operation is carried out for 0.5h under the pressure of 0.2MPa, the pressure is adjusted to 0.05MPa, the recording test is carried out on the sample, the data are recorded at intervals of 10 minutes every time, and the average value is taken to obtain the pure water flux.
And (3) testing the separation efficiency: in order to research the oil-water separation performance of the composite fiber membrane, firstly, the oily liquid and deionized water are mixed according to the volume ratio of 1:99, and the mixture is stirred vigorously until the mixture is changed from transparent to milky white, so that oil-water emulsion is obtained. The oily liquid is at least one of phenyl silane, silicone oil, hexadecane, chlorobenzene, chloroform, petroleum ether, toluene, n-hexane, cyclohexane, dichloroethane, dichloromethane or kerosene. And then fixing the composite fiber membrane sample in a sand core filtering device, directly pouring the oil-water emulsion into the device, rapidly permeating the oil-water emulsion through the composite fiber membrane under the action of pressure, and finally using the collected filtrate for testing. The oil-water separation efficiency of the composite fiber membrane is calculated by measuring the oil content in the oil-water emulsion before and after separation.
Example 1
1) Ultrasonically cleaning the PPS non-woven fabric by deionized water, ethanol and acetone in sequence, heating and boiling the PPS non-woven fabric for 1 hour at 100 ℃ by using a 30 wt% NaOH solution, repeatedly washing the PPS non-woven fabric by using the deionized water until the pH value is 7, and drying the PPS non-woven fabric;
2) the product of step 1) is treated with HNO with the molar concentration of 30 percent3Reacting in the solution for 2h at 60 ℃, washing to be neutral by deionized water, and drying;
3) uniformly coating the cellulose treated by 3-glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and the oxidized and grafted PPS non-woven fabric on the surface of the oxidized and grafted PPS non-woven fabric in a suction filtration mode according to the mass ratio of 1: 6;
4) mixing acrylic acid modified carboxylated carbon nanotubes with sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, performing ultrasonic dispersion to form a suspension, and then uniformly coating the surface of the oxidized and grafted PPS non-woven fabric coated with cellulose treated by a silane coupling agent;
5) and (3) carrying out hot pressing on the product obtained in the step 4) for 5min at 85 ℃ and 10MPa on a hot press to obtain the super-hydrophilic PPS composite membrane.
Example 2
The specific reaction conditions were the same as in example 1 except that HNO in step 2) was used3The concentration of the solution was changed to 45%.
Example 3
The specific reaction conditions were the same as in example 1 except that HNO in step 2) was used3The concentration of the solution was changed to 60%.
Example 4
1) Ultrasonically cleaning the PPS non-woven fabric by deionized water, ethanol and acetone in sequence, heating the PPS non-woven fabric by using a 30 wt% NaOH solution at 80 ℃ for boiling for 1h, repeatedly washing the PPS non-woven fabric by using the deionized water until the pH value is 7, and drying the PPS non-woven fabric;
2) HSO of the product of step 1) at a molar concentration of 30%4Reacting in the solution for 2h at 60 ℃, washing to be neutral by deionized water, and drying;
3) uniformly coating the cellulose treated by 3-glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and the oxidized and grafted PPS non-woven fabric on the surface of the oxidized and grafted PPS non-woven fabric in a suction filtration mode according to the mass ratio of 1: 6;
4) mixing acrylic acid modified carboxylated carbon nanotubes with sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, performing ultrasonic dispersion to form a suspension, and then uniformly coating the surface of the oxidized and grafted PPS non-woven fabric coated with cellulose treated by a silane coupling agent;
5) and (3) carrying out hot pressing on the product obtained in the step 4) for 5min at 85 ℃ and 10MPa on a hot press to obtain the super-hydrophilic PPS composite membrane.
Example 5
The specific reaction conditions were the same as in example 1 except that the hot press temperature in step 5) was changed to 80 ℃.
Example 6
The specific reaction conditions were the same as in example 1 except that the hot press temperature in step 5) was changed to 90 ℃.
Example 7
The specific reaction conditions were the same as in example 1 except that the hot press temperature in step 5) was changed to 95 ℃.
Example 8
1) Ultrasonically cleaning the PPS non-woven fabric by deionized water, ethanol and acetone in sequence, heating and boiling the PPS non-woven fabric for 1 hour by using a 30 wt% NaOH solution, repeatedly washing the PPS non-woven fabric by using the deionized water until the pH value is 7, and drying the PPS non-woven fabric;
2) the product of step 1) is treated with HNO with the molar concentration of 30 percent3Reacting in the solution for 2h at 60 ℃, washing to be neutral by deionized water, and drying;
3) uniformly coating the cellulose treated by 3-glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and the oxidized and grafted PPS non-woven fabric on the surface of the oxidized and grafted PPS non-woven fabric in a suction filtration mode according to the mass ratio of 1: 6;
4) mixing acrylic acid modified carboxylated carbon nanotubes with sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, performing ultrasonic dispersion to form a suspension, and then uniformly coating the surface of the oxidized and grafted PPS non-woven fabric coated with cellulose treated by a silane coupling agent;
5) and (3) carrying out hot pressing on the product obtained in the step 4) for 5min at 85 ℃ and 10MPa on a hot press to obtain the super-hydrophilic PPS composite membrane.
Example 9
1) Ultrasonically cleaning the PPS non-woven fabric by deionized water, ethanol and acetone in sequence, heating and boiling the PPS non-woven fabric for 1 hour by using a 30 wt% NaOH solution, repeatedly washing the PPS non-woven fabric by using the deionized water until the pH value is 7, and drying the PPS non-woven fabric;
2) the product of step 1) is treated with HNO with the molar concentration of 30 percent3Reacting in the solution for 2h at 60 ℃, washing to be neutral by deionized water, and drying;
3) uniformly coating the cellulose treated by 3-glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and the oxidized and grafted PPS non-woven fabric on the surface of the oxidized and grafted PPS non-woven fabric in a suction filtration mode according to the mass ratio of 1: 3;
4) mixing acrylic acid modified carboxylated carbon nanotubes with sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, performing ultrasonic dispersion to form a suspension, and then uniformly coating the surface of the oxidized and grafted PPS non-woven fabric coated with cellulose treated by a silane coupling agent;
5) and (3) carrying out hot pressing on the product obtained in the step 4) for 5min at 85 ℃ and 10MPa on a hot press to obtain the super-hydrophilic PPS composite membrane.
As can be seen from the figures 1-3, the loose PPS non-woven fabric after hot pressing is subjected to the action of heat and pressure, the fibers of the non-woven fabric are melted and bonded at the fiber intersection points in the non-woven fabric, so that the slippage resistance between the fibers is increased, and the mechanical strength of the composite fiber membrane is improved. Meanwhile, the bonding and crosslinking among the fibers reduce the membrane aperture of the PPS composite fiber membrane, thereby improving the oil-water separation efficiency of the composite fiber membrane.
As can be seen from comparison of fig. 1 to 3, as the hot pressing temperature increases, the degree of cross-linking between the fibers increases, so that the pore size of the composite fiber membrane decreases, the oil-water separation efficiency increases, but the pure water flux of the membrane slightly decreases.
Fig. 4 shows that the contact angle was significantly reduced by the modified PPS nonwoven fabric compared to the unmodified PPS nonwoven fabric, indicating successful production of the hydrophilic PPS composite fiber membrane.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0002741394640000051
Figure BDA0002741394640000061
Table 1 shows the test results of examples 1 to 9. In table 1: as can be seen from examples 1 to 3, the PPS nonwoven fabric obtained under the same reaction conditions with the nitric acid concentration of 60% had the best hydrophilicity, the contact angle was 89.7 degrees, and the pure water flux was 122887.4735 (L/m)2H). With the increase of the concentration of the nitric acid, the contact angle of the fiber membrane becomes smaller, and the pure water flux becomes larger, which shows that the hydrophilicity of the fiber membrane is better and better.
The different concentrations of the nitric acid have great influence on the hydrophilicity of the fiber membrane, and the main influencing factor is that the strong oxidizing property of the nitric acid oxidizes-S-on the benzene ring of the PPS into-SO-, -SO2-, with simultaneous introduction of-NO2-、-NH2-an equal number of hydrophilic groups. However, since nitric acid is a strong oxidizing acid and has strong corrosiveness, the strength of the PPS non-woven fabric is greatly reduced due to the excessive concentration of nitric acid, and the method has the advantages thatTo set the concentration of nitric acid to 30%.
As can be seen from examples 3 and 4, HNO was used under otherwise identical reaction conditions3The solution-modified PPS nonwoven fabric has better hydrophilicity. This is due to HSO4After the solution modification, the PPS benzene ring is grafted with-SO3-、-SO4The hydrophilicity ratio of these groups to HNO3Solution modified-NO grafted on benzene ring2-、-NH2Poor, so that the PPS nonwoven fabric modified with the solution has poor hydrophilicity.
It can be seen from examples 1 and 5 to 7 that under the same other reaction conditions, the separation efficiency of the PPS nonwoven fabric gradually increases with the increase of the hot pressing temperature, and the main reason is that the PPS nonwoven fabric is thermally crosslinked after the temperature increases to the glass transition temperature of the PPS, and the degree of crosslinking increases under the action of pressure to reduce the pore size of the fiber membrane, so that the separation efficiency is improved.
As can be seen from examples 8 and 9, under the same reaction conditions, the separation efficiency is not greatly affected by the different proportion of PPS fibers, and the flux is slightly reduced.
Nothing in this specification is said to apply to the prior art.

Claims (10)

1. A preparation method of a super-hydrophilic PPS composite fiber membrane is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) soaking the PPS non-woven fabric into a strong oxidizing acid water solution, performing grafting reaction until the PPS non-woven fabric becomes yellow, taking out and washing to be neutral to obtain the oxidized and grafted PPS non-woven fabric;
2) uniformly coating the cellulose treated by the silane coupling agent on the surface of the oxidized and grafted PPS non-woven fabric;
3) mixing and dispersing the hydrophilic modified inorganic nano particles and a demulsifier to form a suspension, and then uniformly coating the suspension on the surface of the oxidized and grafted PPS non-woven fabric coated with the cellulose treated by the silane coupling agent;
4) and (3) carrying out hot pressing on the product obtained in the step 3) to obtain the super-hydrophilic PPS composite fiber membrane.
2. The method for preparing the superhydrophilic PPS composite fiber membrane according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1), the grafting reaction process is ultrasonic or heating at normal temperature; the heating temperature is 30-80 ℃, and the time is 0.5-12 h; the ultrasonic time is 0.5-6 h.
3. The method for preparing a superhydrophilic PPS composite fiber membrane according to claim 1, wherein in step 1), the strong oxidizing acid is at least one of concentrated nitric acid, concentrated sulfuric acid, hypochlorous acid, chloric acid, chlorous acid, perchloric acid, nitrous acid, or permanganic acid.
4. The method for preparing a superhydrophilic PPS composite fiber membrane according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1), the concentration of the aqueous solution of the strong oxidizing acid is 10 to 60%.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein in step 2), the silane coupling agent is at least one of triaminopropyltriethoxysilane, gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, (3-chloropropyl) trimethoxysilane, mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane, (3-oxypropyl) trichlorosilane, 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, phenyltriethoxysilane, or 3-glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane.
6. The method for preparing the super-hydrophilic PPS composite fiber membrane according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2), the mass ratio of the oxidized and grafted PPS non-woven fabric to the cellulose treated by the silane coupling agent is 3-7: 1.
7. The preparation method of the super-hydrophilic PPS composite fiber membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that in the step 3), the mass ratio of the inorganic nano particles subjected to hydrophilic modification to the demulsifier is 1-5: 1.
8. The method for preparing the superhydrophilic PPS composite fiber membrane according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3), the inorganic nanoparticles are at least one of graphene oxide, silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide, zinc dioxide, carbon nanotubes, fullerene, kaolin or montmorillonite; the hydrophilic modifier is at least one of acrylic acid, butenoic acid, oleic acid, lactic acid, glycolic acid, pyruvic acid or oxalic acid; the demulsifier is at least one of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene octadecanol ether, polyoxypropylene, fatty alcohol or polyethylene polyamine.
9. The preparation method of the super-hydrophilic PPS composite fiber membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that in the step 4), hot pressing is carried out on a hot press, the hot pressing temperature is 40-110 ℃, the pressure is 1-30 MPa, and the time is 2-20 min.
10. The method for preparing a superhydrophilic PPS composite fiber membrane according to claim 1, wherein the PPS nonwoven fabric is pretreated before performing the step 1): ultrasonically cleaning the PPS non-woven fabric by deionized water, ethanol and acetone in sequence to remove impurities on the surface of the PPS non-woven fabric, heating the PPS non-woven fabric to 80-100 ℃ by using an alkaline solution to etch the PPS non-woven fabric, facilitating subsequent grafting reaction, and repeatedly washing the PPS non-woven fabric by using deionized water until the PPS non-woven fabric is neutral;
the alkaline solution is a sodium hydroxide solution, a magnesium hydroxide solution, a potassium hydroxide solution, a calcium hydroxide solution, a barium hydroxide solution, a rubidium hydroxide solution, a cesium hydroxide solution, a strontium hydroxide solution, a zinc hydroxide solution, an iron hydroxide solution or a cobalt hydroxide solution; the boiling time is 0.5-3 h.
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