CN112111321A - Functionalized graphene lubricant for metal plastic processing and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Functionalized graphene lubricant for metal plastic processing and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C10M2207/021—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
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- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
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- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
- C10M2207/126—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids monocarboxylic
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- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
- C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
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- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
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- C10M2209/12—Polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, biopolymers
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- C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2217/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained from nitrogen containing monomers by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2217/024—Macromolecular compounds obtained from nitrogen containing monomers by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an amido or imido group
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- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
- C10M2219/044—Sulfonic acids, Derivatives thereof, e.g. neutral salts
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- C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2229/04—Siloxanes with specific structure
- C10M2229/041—Siloxanes with specific structure containing aliphatic substituents
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- C10M2229/04—Siloxanes with specific structure
- C10M2229/05—Siloxanes with specific structure containing atoms other than silicon, hydrogen, oxygen or carbon
- C10M2229/052—Siloxanes with specific structure containing atoms other than silicon, hydrogen, oxygen or carbon containing nitrogen
Abstract
The invention discloses a functionalized graphene lubricant for metal plastic working and a preparation method thereof, wherein the functionalized graphene lubricant for metal plastic working comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.1-5 wt% of functionalized graphene, 0.1-15 wt% of dispersant, 0.1-7.5 wt% of tackifier, 0.01-30 wt% of emulsifier and the balance of water; the functionalized graphene is ion bond modified functionalized graphene, various hydrophilic functional groups including carboxyl, hydroxyl, amino and benzene sulfonate groups are implanted into the surface of the functionalized graphene, and the particle size of the functionalized graphene is 0.5-10 microns. Compared with the process of a phosphorus-sulfur lubricant, the preparation process of the lubricant disclosed by the invention generates less dust and residues, and the product does not generate corrosive influence on a friction pair metal material, so that the lubricant is green and environment-friendly; the lubricating property is good; the preparation method has low cost and good application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of lubrication for metal plastic forming, and relates to a functionalized graphene lubricant for metal plastic processing and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Friction is a normal phenomenon in the nature and is also an important factor influencing the progress of metal plastic processing. The friction between metals can cause severe heat effect and damage to the surface of a die, so that the surface quality of a metal product and the service life of the die are influenced, huge economic loss is brought to the society, and the noise pollution generated by the friction can also harm the human health. Therefore, the friction reduction is indispensable, the metal surface is lubricated by adopting a phosphorization-saponification lubricating process to reduce the friction, however, the phosphorization-saponification lubricating process is polluted greatly, and meanwhile, the requirements of times are not met under the large background that the current petroleum resources are gradually deficient.
Therefore, the lubricant mainly containing water is applied to produce the lubricant, and the water agent has the advantages of wide source, low cost, easy preparation, environmental protection and the like, but also has the defects of insufficient lubricity, poor adhesive capacity and the like.
The graphene serving as a novel nano material has the top mechanical property and lubricating property in a nano family, can completely improve the defect of an aqueous solution, and is an excellent lubricant additive. The source of graphene, graphite, is also abundant in resources in China, excellent in quality and low in price. Thus, the market of graphene as a lubricant additive is very wide. Although the graphene nanoparticles are added into the aqueous solution to form a stable dispersion solution, the dispersion solution can be dispersed and stabilized for a long time with the help of the dispersing agent, and the tribological performance of the aqueous solution can be improved to a certain extent (theoretically), the prior art cannot overcome the defects of poor lubricating performance and wear resistance of the lubricant for metal plastic processing in practical application.
Therefore, the development of the functionalized graphene lubricant with good lubricating property and wear resistance for metal plastic processing has practical significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of poor lubricating property and wear resistance in the prior art and provide a functionalized graphene lubricant with good lubricating property and wear resistance for metal plastic processing.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a functionalized graphene lubricant for metal plastic processing comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.1-5 wt% of functionalized graphene, 0.1-15 wt% of dispersant, 0.1-7.5 wt% of tackifier, 0.01-30 wt% of emulsifier and the balance of water;
the functionalized graphene is ion bond modified functionalized graphene, a plurality of hydrophilic functional groups are implanted into the surface of the functionalized graphene, the hydrophilic functional groups comprise carboxyl, hydroxyl, amino and benzene sulfonate groups, and the particle size of the functionalized graphene is 0.5-10 microns;
the pH value of the functionalized graphene lubricant for metal plastic working is more than 7. The pH value of the functionalized graphene lubricant for metal plastic processing is more than 7, namely the functionalized graphene lubricant is alkaline, and the addition of a dispersing agent (pyrrolidones, cellulose salts, sulfonate or fatty acid salt), a tackifier (polyacrylamide, sodium polyacrylate or fatty acid salt) and an emulsifier (ethylene glycol, zinc stearate or sodium stearate) can generate hydrolysis reaction to provide OH-Ions, OH-Ions are combined with residual hydroxyl and carboxyl on the surface of the functionalized graphene, so that the dispersion of the functionalized graphene is continuously promoted, and the like, and meanwhile, the surface tension of water can be continuously reduced by acting on a dispersing agent, so that the dispersion of the functionalized graphene in the water is promoted, and the performance of the functionalized graphene lubricant for metal plastic processing is further improved.
The preparation process of the functionalized graphene comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of firstly preparing reductive graphene oxide by using an oxidation-reduction method, and then carrying out functional modification on the reductive graphene oxide by using an ion modifier containing hydrophilic functional groups.
The functionalized graphene lubricant for metal plastic processing is a two-dimensional honeycomb structure material, has excellent thermal stability, and the mechanical property and the self-lubricating property of the tip in a nano material, can completely improve the defects of poor stability, poor friction property and the like of an aqueous solution, and can be stably dispersed in water for a long time under the action of a dispersing agent to form a stable colloidal solution, so that agglomeration or precipitation is not easy to occur. After the functionalized graphene is prepared into the lubricant, compared with the dry friction state, the friction coefficient is reduced by about 50%, the abrasion is reduced by about 30%, and the friction curve has no abnormal fluctuation within half an hour. The functionalized graphene lubricant for metal plastic processing has excellent lubricity and stability, and can obviously improve the antifriction and antiwear capacity of the lubricant.
The functionalized graphene lubricant for metal plastic processing can be widely applied to the processes of extrusion, forging, stamping, rolling and the like at the temperature of 0-350 ℃, is particularly suitable for the fields of metal cold forging and cold extrusion at the temperature of 20-200 ℃, can cover the uneven area of the surface of metal or the surface of a friction pair to form a compact film with oxidation resistance and friction resistance, improves various performance indexes of a lubricating oil agent, and prolongs the service life of mechanical equipment.
The graphene lubricant can be stably coated on the surface of the workpiece blank within the temperature of 20-200 ℃, and the good wear resistance and lubricity of graphene are exerted after the workpiece blank is dried. Within the temperature range, when the moisture on the surface of the coated workpiece blank is dried, the thickness of a lubricant film layer on the surface of the workpiece measured by the functionalized graphene lubricant for metal plastic processing is 4-7 microns, the functionalized graphene lubricant is uniformly attached to the surface of the workpiece, the phenomena of chapping, peeling and the like are avoided, and the functionalized graphene lubricant has certain adhesive force.
Compared with the most common preparation process of phosphorus-sulfur lubricants in the field of metal plastic processing, the preparation process of the functionalized graphene lubricant for metal plastic processing provided by the invention produces less dust and residues, the lubricants do not generate corrosive influence on friction pair metal materials, secondary friction is not formed in a die cavity, or the working environment is not polluted, and the preparation process is an environment-friendly aqueous solution.
As a preferred technical scheme:
the functionalized graphene lubricant for metal plastic working is characterized in that the dispersant is more than one of pyrrolidones, cellulose salts, sulfonate and fatty acid salts; the pyrrolidone in the dispersing agent can obviously reduce the surface tension of water and enhance the dispersing performance of graphene; cellulose salts, sulfonate or fatty acid salts generate activation energy through hydrolysis and ionization, and the dispersion concentration of graphene in water is improved under the auxiliary action of ultrasonic waves, so that the lubricating property of the graphene lubricant is enhanced;
the tackifier is more than one of polyacrylamide, polyethylene glycol, sodium polyacrylate and fatty acid salt; after the acrylamide, the polyethylene glycol, the sodium polyacrylate or the fatty acid salt is dissolved in water, the viscosity of the water can be increased, the high adsorption strength of the graphene lubricant coated on the surface of a workpiece blank is ensured, and in addition, the uniformity of the thickness of a film layer of the lubricant is ensured after the graphene lubricant coated on the workpiece blank is dried;
the emulsifier is more than one of alcohol, glycol, glycerol, zinc stearate and sodium stearate; the emulsifier can effectively wrap organic compounds and salts, and further coordinate the dispersion stability of the organic compounds and the salts in water. The dispersant, the tackifier and the emulsifier of the present invention are not limited thereto, and only some feasible technical solutions are given herein, and in practical applications, those skilled in the art can select suitable dispersant, tackifier and emulsifier according to practical application scenarios to adapt to the application scenarios.
The functionalized graphene lubricant for metal plastic working is characterized in that the mass ratio of the dispersing agent to the tackifier to the emulsifying agent is 4: 1: 7. the dispersing agents such as pyrrolidone and cellulose salt can be effectively wrapped by the emulsifier ethylene glycol and glycerol, so that the dispersing agents are completely dissolved in water and the dispersing performance of graphene is enhanced, the lubricating performance of the graphene lubricant is improved, polyacrylamide, polyethylene glycol, sodium polyacrylate and the like in the tackifier can be mutually dissolved with the emulsifier ethylene glycol and glycerol and the like in water, so that the effect of the tackifier is better exerted, the polyacrylamide and polyethylene glycol in the tackifier can effectively assist the dispersing agent in enhancing the dispersing performance of the graphene, and the dispersing agent, the tackifier and the emulsifier in a specific proportion can ensure that the three components are mutually cooperated, so that the lubricating performance and the wear resistance of the lubricant are improved to the maximum extent.
The functionalized graphene lubricant for metal plastic working further comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.01-5 wt% of foam inhibitor and 0.01-5 wt% of antirust agent.
The functionalized graphene lubricant for metal plastic working is characterized in that the foam inhibitor is more than one of methyl silicone oil, amino silicone oil and polyether. The foam inhibitor can inhibit foam generated when the lubricant is stirred vigorously, so that the influence on the performance of the functionalized graphene lubricant is reduced. The foam inhibitor of the present invention is not limited thereto, and only some possible technical solutions are given here, and in practical applications, those skilled in the art can select a suitable foam inhibitor to adapt to the application scenario according to the actual application scenario.
The functionalized graphene lubricant for metal plastic working is characterized in that the antirust agent is more than one of molybdate and phosphate. The phosphate and the molybdate can form a compact film on the surface of the metal to prevent the metal from being oxidized and rusted by air. The rust inhibitor of the present invention is not limited thereto, and only some feasible technical solutions are given here, and in practical applications, those skilled in the art can select a suitable rust inhibitor to adapt to the application scenario according to the actual application scenario.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the functionalized graphene lubricant for metal plastic working, which comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving a dispersing agent, a tackifier, a foam inhibitor and an emulsifier in water and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed solution;
(2) and placing the functionalized graphene and the antirust agent in the mixed solution, performing ultrasonic dispersion and stirring uniformly, and repeating for multiple times to obtain the functionalized graphene lubricant for metal plastic processing.
The preparation method has the advantages of simple and convenient operation steps, rapid preparation process, simple preparation conditions, low cost and good application prospect, has fewer production processes and no pollutant discharge compared with the conventional phosphorus saponification lubricating process for phosphorus-sulfur lubricants commonly used in the field of metal plastic processing, combines the characteristics of wide water aqua source, low cost, easy preparation and environmental protection, keeps the characteristics of good adhesion of the lubricating surface, low friction coefficient, stability and the like, and has very good economic benefit and social value.
As a preferred technical scheme:
according to the preparation method, in the step (1), the water temperature is kept at 60-80 ℃, and the stirring time is 10-20 min. The dispersing agent can exert the dispersing effect of the graphene to the maximum extent at the temperature of 60-80 ℃, so that the graphene can reach the optimal dispersing concentration in the prepared lubricant, the dispersing concentration of the graphene can be reduced when the water temperature is too low, the graphene can be settled, and a large amount of foam can be generated when the water temperature is too high.
According to the preparation method, in the step (2), the temperature of the mixed solution is kept at 60-80 ℃, the power of ultrasonic dispersion is 300-500W, the time of ultrasonic dispersion is 10-20 min, the time of stirring is 30-60 min, and the repetition frequency is 3-4 times. And (3) maintaining the mixed solution in a water bath kettle at a constant temperature of 70 ℃ and above for ultrasonic dispersion and stirring, wherein the ultrasonic dispersion is carried out for about 15min and the stirring is carried out for about 30min, and repeating for 3-4 times, so that the graphene can be fully dispersed in the lubricant until no precipitate is left at the bottom of the prepared functionalized graphene lubricant, and the successful preparation of the lubricant is indicated.
Has the advantages that:
(1) compared with the most common preparation process of phosphorus-sulfur lubricant in the field of metal plastic processing at present, the preparation process of the functionalized graphene lubricant for metal plastic processing disclosed by the invention generates less dust and residues, the lubricant does not generate corrosive influence on a friction pair metal material, does not form secondary friction in a die cavity or pollute a working environment, and is green and environment-friendly;
(2) the functionalized graphene lubricant for metal plastic processing provided by the invention has the advantages that the synergistic effect of the functionalized graphene and the dispersing agent/emulsifier/tackifier can greatly improve the lubricating property;
(3) the preparation method disclosed by the invention is simple and convenient in operation steps, rapid in preparation process, simple in conditions, low in cost, green and environment-friendly, and good in application prospect.
Detailed Description
The following further illustrates embodiments of the invention.
Example 1
A preparation method of a functionalized graphene lubricant for metal plastic processing comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving 2 parts by mass of a dispersing agent (pyrrolidone), 0.3 part by mass of a tackifier (polyacrylamide), 0.3 part by mass of a foam inhibitor (methyl silicone oil) and 10 parts by mass of an emulsifier (alcohol) in water at 70 ℃ and uniformly stirring for 15min to obtain a mixed solution;
(2) placing 2 parts by mass of functionalized graphene and 0.5 part by mass of an antirust agent (molybdate) in a mixed solution kept at 70 ℃, ultrasonically dispersing for 30min at a power of 500W, uniformly stirring for 30min, and repeating for 3 times to obtain the functionalized graphene lubricant for metal plastic processing, wherein the functionalized graphene is purchased from Shanghai carbon source Hui-Gu new material science and technology Limited, has a purity of more than 99.0 wt% and a particle size of 0.5-10 mu m, is functionalized graphene modified by ionic bonds, and is implanted with various hydrophilic functional groups including carboxyl, hydroxyl, amino and benzene sulfonate groups on the surface.
Comparative example 1
A method for preparing a graphite lubricant, which comprises the steps substantially the same as those of example 1, except that the functionalized graphene in step (2) is replaced by nanographite.
Comparative example 2
A method for preparing a functionalized graphene lubricant for metal plastic working, which comprises the substantially same steps as example 1, except that no tackifier (polyacrylamide) is added in step (1).
Comparative example 3
A method for preparing a functionalized graphene lubricant for metal plastic working, which comprises the steps substantially the same as those of example 1, except that no emulsifier (alcohol) is added in the step (1).
Comparative example 4
The preparation method of the functionalized graphene lubricant for metal plastic working is basically the same as that in example 1 in terms of steps, except that 20 parts by mass of a dispersant (pyrrolidone) is added in the step (1).
Example 2
A preparation method of a functionalized graphene lubricant for metal plastic processing comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving 6 parts by mass of a dispersing agent (cellulose salt), 1.2 parts by mass of a tackifier (polyethylene glycol), 0.5 part by mass of a foam inhibitor (amino silicone oil) and 20 parts by mass of an emulsifier (ethylene glycol) in water at 80 ℃ and uniformly stirring for 15min to obtain a mixed solution;
(2) placing 4 parts by mass of functionalized graphene and 0.5 part by mass of antirust agent (phosphate) in a mixed solution kept at 80 ℃, ultrasonically dispersing for 30min at the power of 500W, uniformly stirring for 30min, and repeating for 3 times to obtain the functionalized graphene lubricant for metal plastic processing, wherein the functionalized graphene is the same as the functionalized graphene in the embodiment 1.
Example 3
A preparation method of a functionalized graphene lubricant for metal plastic processing comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving 4 parts by mass of a dispersing agent (sulfonate), 0.9 part by mass of a tackifier (sodium polyacrylate), 0.3 part by mass of a foam inhibitor (polyether) and 30 parts by mass of an emulsifier (glycerin) in water at 60 ℃ and uniformly stirring for 15min to obtain a mixed solution;
(2) placing 3 parts by mass of functionalized graphene and 0.5 part by mass of antirust agent (a mixture of molybdate and phosphate in a mass ratio of 1: 1) in a mixed solution maintained at 60 ℃, ultrasonically dispersing for 30min at a power of 500W, uniformly stirring for 30min, and repeating for 4 times to obtain the functionalized graphene lubricant for metal plastic processing, wherein the functionalized graphene is the same as in example 1.
Example 4
A preparation method of a functionalized graphene lubricant for metal plastic processing comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving 4 parts by mass of a dispersing agent (fatty acid salt), 1 part by mass of a tackifier (fatty acid salt), 0.01 part by mass of a foam inhibitor (a mixture of methyl silicone oil and amino silicone oil in a mass ratio of 1: 2) and 7 parts by mass of an emulsifier (zinc stearate) in water at 70 ℃, and uniformly stirring for 15min to obtain a mixed solution;
(2) and (3) placing 5 parts by mass of functionalized graphene and 0.01 part by mass of antirust agent (molybdate) in a mixed solution kept at 70 ℃, ultrasonically dispersing for 30min at the power of 500W, uniformly stirring for 30min, and repeating for 3 times to obtain the functionalized graphene lubricant for metal plastic working, wherein the functionalized graphene is the same as the functionalized graphene in the embodiment 1.
Example 5
A preparation method of a functionalized graphene lubricant for metal plastic processing comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving 0.1 part by mass of a dispersing agent (a mixture of pyrrolidone and cellulose salt in a mass ratio of 2: 1), 0.1 part by mass of a tackifier (a mixture of polyacrylamide and polyethylene glycol in a mass ratio of 1: 3), 5 parts by mass of a foam inhibitor (a mixture of methyl silicone oil and amino silicone oil in a mass ratio of 1: 1) and 0.01 part by mass of an emulsifier (sodium stearate) in water at 70 ℃ and uniformly stirring for 15min to obtain a mixed solution;
(2) and (3) placing 0.1 part by mass of functionalized graphene and 5 parts by mass of antirust agent (phosphate) in a mixed solution kept at 70 ℃, ultrasonically dispersing for 30min at the power of 500W, uniformly stirring for 30min, and repeating for 4 times to obtain the functionalized graphene lubricant for metal plastic processing, wherein the functionalized graphene is the same as the functionalized graphene in the embodiment 1.
Example 6
A preparation method of a functionalized graphene lubricant for metal plastic processing comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving 15 parts by mass of a dispersing agent (a mixture of pyrrolidone/cellulose salt/sulfonate/fatty acid salt in a mass ratio of 1:2:1: 1), 7 parts by mass of a tackifier (a mixture of polyacrylamide/polyethylene glycol/sodium polyacrylate/fatty acid salt in a mass ratio of 1:2:1: 3), 0.3 part by mass of a foam inhibitor (a mixture of methyl silicone oil/amino silicone oil/polyether in a mass ratio of 1:1: 1) and 20 parts by mass of an emulsifier (a mixture of alcohol/ethylene glycol/glycerol/zinc stearate/sodium stearate in a mass ratio of 1:1:1:1: 1) in water at 70 ℃ and uniformly stirring for 15min to obtain a mixed solution;
(2) and (3) placing 3 parts by mass of functionalized graphene and 2 parts by mass of an antirust agent (molybdate) in a mixed solution kept at 70 ℃, ultrasonically dispersing for 30min at a power of 500W, uniformly stirring for 30min, and repeating for 3 times to obtain the functionalized graphene lubricant for metal plastic working, wherein the functionalized graphene is the same as the functionalized graphene in the embodiment 1.
Example 7
A preparation method of a functionalized graphene lubricant for metal plastic processing comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving 5 parts by mass of a dispersing agent (a mixture of pyrrolidone/cellulose salt/sulfonate in a mass ratio of 1:2: 2), 7.5 parts by mass of a tackifier (a mixture of polyethylene glycol/sodium polyacrylate/fatty acid salt in a mass ratio of 2:1: 2), 0.3 part by mass of a foam inhibitor (methyl silicone oil) and 30 parts by mass of an emulsifier (alcohol) in water at 80 ℃ and uniformly stirring for 15min to obtain a mixed solution;
(2) and (3) placing 3 parts by mass of functionalized graphene and 0.5 part by mass of antirust agent (phosphate) in a mixed solution kept at 80 ℃, ultrasonically dispersing for 30min at the power of 500W, uniformly stirring for 30min, and repeating for 4 times to obtain the functionalized graphene lubricant for metal plastic processing, wherein the functionalized graphene is the same as the functionalized graphene in the embodiment 1.
Example 8
A preparation method of a functionalized graphene lubricant for metal plastic processing comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving 6 parts by mass of a dispersing agent (pyrrolidone), 0.9 part by mass of a tackifier (fatty acid salt), 0.3 part by mass of a foam inhibitor (methyl silicone oil) and 30 parts by mass of an emulsifier (ethylene glycol) in water at 60 ℃ and uniformly stirring for 15min to obtain a mixed solution;
(2) placing 3 parts by mass of functionalized graphene and 1.5 parts by mass of an antirust agent (molybdate) in a mixed solution maintained at 60 ℃, ultrasonically dispersing for 30min at the power of 500W, uniformly stirring for 30min, and repeating for 3 times to obtain the functionalized graphene lubricant for metal plastic working, wherein the functionalized graphene is the same as the functionalized graphene in the embodiment 1.
The products prepared in examples 1-8 and comparative examples 1-4 were subjected to performance testing, which was performed as follows:
coating a product to be tested on a No. 45 steel sample plate, and performing tribology performance test by using a UMT-3 ball disc tribometer, wherein the test results of the products prepared in examples 1-8 and comparative examples 1-4 are as follows:
| coefficient of friction | Data stability | |
| Example 1 | 0.10 | Superior food |
| Comparative example 1 | 0.23 | Good wine |
| Comparative example 2 | 0.31 | Difference (D) |
| Comparative example 3 | 0.25 | Good wine |
| Comparative example 4 | 0.18 | Superior food |
| Example 2 | 0.11 | Superior food |
| Example 3 | 0.09 | Superior food |
| Example 4 | 0.10 | Superior food |
| Example 5 | 0.30 | Difference (D) |
| Example 6 | 0.25 | Good wine |
| Example 7 | 0.22 | Good wine |
| Example 8 | 0.15 | Superior food |
50ml of the product of example 1 was placed in a measuring cylinder, allowed to stand at room temperature and the coated coupons were also observed in air, and it was found that within two weeks the graphene coupons did not rust and within one month the lubricant did not delaminate significantly.
Compared with the example 1 and the comparative examples 1 to 4, it can be found that the functionalized graphene, the tackifier and the emulsifier in the formula are not replaceable or lack, otherwise, the performance of the product is greatly influenced, in addition, the proportion also needs to be within a certain range, and otherwise, the performance of the product is greatly changed.
The preparation method disclosed by the invention is simple and convenient in operation steps, rapid in preparation process, simple in conditions, low in cost, green, environment-friendly and good in application prospect; compared with the phosphorus-sulfur lubricant which is most commonly used in the field of metal plastic processing at present, the prepared functionalized graphene lubricant for metal plastic processing generates less dust and residues, does not generate corrosive influence on a friction pair metal material, does not form secondary friction in a die cavity or pollute a working environment, and is green and environment-friendly; the functional graphene and the dispersant/emulsifier/tackifier are cooperated, so that the lubricating property can be greatly improved.
Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are merely illustrative and various changes or modifications may be made without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The functionalized graphene lubricant for metal plastic processing is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 0.1-5 wt% of functionalized graphene, 0.1-15 wt% of dispersant, 0.1-7.5 wt% of tackifier, 0.01-30 wt% of emulsifier and the balance of water;
the functionalized graphene is ion bond modified functionalized graphene, a plurality of hydrophilic functional groups are implanted into the surface of the functionalized graphene, the hydrophilic functional groups comprise carboxyl, hydroxyl, amino and benzene sulfonate groups, and the particle size of the functionalized graphene is 0.5-10 microns;
the pH value of the functionalized graphene lubricant for metal plastic working is more than 7.
2. The functionalized graphene lubricant for metal plastic working according to claim 1, wherein the dispersant is one or more of pyrrolidones, cellulose salts, sulfonates and fatty acid salts;
the tackifier is more than one of polyacrylamide, polyethylene glycol, sodium polyacrylate and fatty acid salt;
the emulsifier is more than one of alcohol, glycol, glycerol, zinc stearate and sodium stearate.
3. The functionalized graphene lubricant for metal plastic working according to claim 2, wherein the mass ratio of the dispersant to the tackifier to the emulsifier is 4: 1: 7.
4. the functionalized graphene lubricant for metal plastic working according to claim 1, further comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 0.01-5 wt% of foam inhibitor and 0.01-5 wt% of antirust agent.
5. The functionalized graphene lubricant for metal plastic working according to claim 4, wherein the foam inhibitor is one or more of methyl silicone oil, amino silicone oil and polyether.
6. The functionalized graphene lubricant for metal plastic working according to claim 4, wherein the rust inhibitor is one or more of molybdate and phosphate.
7. The method for preparing the functionalized graphene lubricant for metal plastic working according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) dissolving a dispersing agent, a tackifier, a foam inhibitor and an emulsifier in water and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed solution;
(2) and placing the functionalized graphene and the antirust agent in the mixed solution, performing ultrasonic dispersion and stirring uniformly, and repeating for multiple times to obtain the functionalized graphene lubricant for metal plastic processing.
8. The preparation method according to claim 7, wherein in the step (1), the water temperature is kept at 60-80 ℃, and the stirring time is 10-20 min.
9. The preparation method according to claim 7, wherein in the step (2), the temperature of the mixed solution is maintained at 60 to 80 ℃, the power of ultrasonic dispersion is 300 to 500W, the duration of ultrasonic dispersion is 10 to 20min, the duration of stirring is 30 to 60min, and the number of repetitions is 3 to 4.
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