CN111808407B - Oil-absorbing foam and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Oil-absorbing foam and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN111808407B
CN111808407B CN202010768086.8A CN202010768086A CN111808407B CN 111808407 B CN111808407 B CN 111808407B CN 202010768086 A CN202010768086 A CN 202010768086A CN 111808407 B CN111808407 B CN 111808407B
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foam
absorbing foam
water
pbs
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CN111808407A (en
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赵国群
李博
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Shandong University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
    • C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
    • C08J9/122—Hydrogen, oxygen, CO2, nitrogen or noble gases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D15/00—Separating processes involving the treatment of liquids with solid sorbents; Apparatus therefor
    • B01D15/08—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
    • B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
    • B01D17/0202—Separation of non-miscible liquids by ab- or adsorption
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
    • B01J20/28042—Shaped bodies; Monolithic structures
    • B01J20/28045—Honeycomb or cellular structures; Solid foams or sponges
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/285—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using synthetic organic sorbents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/0061—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof characterized by the use of several polymeric components
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
    • C08J2203/06—CO2, N2 or noble gases
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2367/00—Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2367/04—Polyesters derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2467/00—Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2467/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)

Abstract

The disclosure relates to the field of functional polymer material preparation, and in particular relates to an oil-absorbing foam, and a preparation method and application thereof. The material matrix of the oil absorption foam is PLA/PBS blend, the oil absorption foam is of a two-stage foam structure and comprises polygonal framework foam holes and a lace net-shaped communicated structure on the foam wall of the framework foam holes. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) carrying out melt blending on the dried PLA and PBS particles to obtain a blend taking the PLA as a matrix and the PBS as a dispersion phase; (2) and (3) soaking and saturating the PLA/PBS blend in a CO2 environment, and quickly decompressing to obtain the PLA/PBS blend. The oil-absorbing foam prepared by the method disclosed by the invention uses a completely biodegradable polymer, and can solve the problems that the traditional oil-absorbing material consumes petrochemical resources and is easy to generate difficultly-degradable garbage and the like. Meanwhile, the preparation method disclosed by the invention does not use any organic solvent, so that the defects of environmental pollution, health hazard and the like of the traditional method can be avoided.

Description

Oil-absorbing foam and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the field of functional polymer material preparation, and in particular relates to an oil-absorbing foam, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The statements herein merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
The oil absorption material plays an important role in treating offshore oil leakage accidents, purifying oily sewage and the like. The oil absorption material has the characteristics of oleophylicity and hydrophobicity, and can selectively adsorb organic solvent and oil from water, so that efficient oil-water separation is realized. However, most of the existing oil absorption materials are traditional petroleum-based polymers, and have the problems of petrochemical resource consumption, difficult degradation and the like. In response to this deficiency, researchers have developed a range of bio-based and biodegradable oil absorbing materials. However, the inventor finds that most of the existing preparation methods of bio-based and biodegradable oil absorption materials are a phase separation method, an electrostatic spinning method, a surface modification method and the like, a large amount of toxic organic solvents are needed in the preparation process, the defects of environmental pollution and health hazard exist, and the oil absorption performance is poor in the practical application process. Therefore, the development of completely biodegradable oil-absorbing foam with excellent performance and a green preparation method thereof are urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems that in the prior art, the oil absorption performance of the bio-based and biodegradable oil absorption material is poor, and a large amount of toxic organic solvent is used in the preparation process, so that the environment is polluted and the health is harmed.
In one or some embodiments of the present disclosure, an oil absorbing foam is provided, wherein a material matrix of the oil absorbing foam is a polylactic acid (PLA)/polybutylene succinate (PBS) blend, and the oil absorbing foam has a two-stage cell structure, including polygonal skeleton cells and a lace network connected structure on skeleton cell walls.
In one or some embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a method for preparing an oil absorbing foam, comprising the steps of:
(1) carrying out melt blending on the dried PLA and PBS particles to obtain a blend taking the PLA as a matrix and the PBS as a dispersion phase;
(2) placing PLA/PBS blend in CO2And (5) carrying out impregnation saturation and rapid pressure relief under the environment to obtain the product.
In one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a use of the oil-absorbing foam or the oil-absorbing foam prepared by the method for preparing the oil-absorbing foam in oil absorption.
In one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a use of the oil-absorbing foam or the oil-absorbing foam prepared by the method for preparing the oil-absorbing foam for adsorbing an organic solvent.
In one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a use of the oil-absorbing foam described above or the oil-absorbing foam prepared by the method for preparing the oil-absorbing foam described above in water-oil separation.
In one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided an application of the oil-absorbing foam or the oil-absorbing foam prepared by the method for preparing the oil-absorbing foam in water purification.
In one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, a material for treating offshore oil leakage is provided, which includes the oil-absorbing foam described above or the oil-absorbing foam prepared by the preparation method of the oil-absorbing foam described above.
In one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, a method for treating offshore oil leakage is provided, which comprises transporting the oil-absorbing foam or the oil-absorbing foam prepared by the preparation method of the oil-absorbing foam to the sea level to be adsorbed or placed in the sea to be suspended or placed on the sea bottom.
One or more of the above technical solutions have the following advantages or beneficial effects:
1) the first aspect of the disclosure provides an oil absorption foam, and it can be seen from fig. 1 that the foam is a two-stage foam structure, including a polygonal skeleton foam hole and a lace-like connected structure on the foam wall of the skeleton foam hole, the lace-like structure increases the surface area of the oil absorption foam, and is beneficial to the attachment of oil, and the oil enters the inside of the oil absorption material along a connected passage formed by the lace-like structure, and is not easy to be removed from the oil absorption material, thereby avoiding the secondary removal of the oil in the oil-water mixed solution and affecting the oil absorption effect. Therefore, the unique lace net structure of the oil absorption material greatly improves the oil absorption efficiency.
2) The second aspect of the disclosure provides a preparation method of an oil absorption foam, which adopts PLA and PBS particles to carry out melt blending, wherein, the bio-based and the biodegradable PLA are used as matrixes, the biodegradable PBS is used as a dispersion phase, and the oil absorption material after oil is removed from water can be completely degraded without polluting the environment. And the oil-absorbing foam disclosed by the disclosure does not adopt any toxic organic solvent in the preparation processMelt blending with CO2The process of impregnation saturation in the environment does not bring pollution, and is beneficial to the environmental protection and the health of operators.
3) The oil absorption foam disclosed by the disclosure has a good oil absorption effect, but does not substantially absorb water, so that the application in water purification and oil-water separation is facilitated, and particularly in offshore oil leakage, as the oil absorption foam hardly absorbs water, more space is provided for absorbing oil, the oil absorption efficiency is high, and the oil absorption foam has a great value in practical application.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this disclosure, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the disclosure and not to limit the disclosure.
FIG. 1 is a scanning electron microscope image of the cross-sectional cell morphology of the PLA/PBS open-cell foam prepared in example 1 of the present disclosure.
FIG. 2 is a contact angle of a cross section of a PLA/PBS open cell foam prepared in example 1 of the present disclosure in air with cyclohexane and water.
FIG. 3 is a graph of the adsorption capacity of PLA/PBS open-cell foams prepared in example 1 of the present disclosure for various types of organic solvents and oils.
Fig. 4 is a process of selective adsorption of cyclohexane and carbon tetrachloride from water by PLA/PBS open-cell foam prepared in example 1 of the present disclosure.
FIG. 5 is a scanning electron microscope image of the cross-sectional cell morphology of the PLA/PBS open-cell foam prepared in example 4 of the present disclosure.
FIG. 6 is a scanning electron microscope image of the cross-sectional cell morphology of the PLA/PBS open-cell foam prepared in example 5 of the present disclosure.
FIG. 7 is a scanning electron micrograph of the cell morphology of a cross-section of a pure PLA foam prepared in a comparative example of the present disclosure.
FIG. 8 is a graph of the adsorption capacity of neat PLA foam prepared in comparative examples of the present disclosure for various types of organic solvents and oils.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the embodiment of the disclosure, the used raw material PLA is 4032D, produced by NatureWorks company; PBS, Bionolle 1903MD, available from Showa Denko K.K.; CO22The purity was 99.9%.
Aiming at the problems that in the prior art, the oil absorption performance of the bio-based and biodegradable oil absorption material is poor, and a large amount of toxic organic solvent is used in the preparation process, so that the environment is polluted and the health is harmed.
In one or some embodiments of the present disclosure, an oil absorbing foam is provided, wherein the material matrix of the oil absorbing foam is a PLA/PBS blend, and the oil absorbing foam has a two-stage cell structure, including polygonal skeleton cells and a lace network connected structure on the skeleton cell walls.
Preferably, the oil-absorbing foam density is greater than or equal to 0.023g/cm3The porosity is more than 96 percent,
preferably, the contact angles of oil and water are up to 0 and 118, respectively,
preferably, the oil absorbing foam has an adsorption capacity for organic solvents and oils of 7.9 to 21.9 g/g.
Preferably, the PBS content of the PLA/PBS blend is 10-30%.
Preferably, the PBS content of the PLA/PBS blend is 20%.
In one or some embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a method for preparing an oil absorbing foam, comprising the steps of:
(1) carrying out melt blending on the dried PLA and PBS particles to obtain a blend taking the PLA as a matrix and the PBS as a dispersion phase;
(2) placing PLA/PBS blend in CO2And (5) carrying out impregnation saturation and rapid pressure relief under the environment to obtain the product.
Preferably, in step (1), the melt blending step is carried out on a twin screw extruder,
preferably, the melt blending temperature is 180-,
preferably, the screw speed is 10-50rpm,
preferably, the melt blending time is 1-5min,
preferably, the melt blending temperature is 180-,
further preferably, the melt blending temperature is 180 ℃, the screw speed is 30rpm, and the blending time is 3 min.
Preferably, in step (2), the PLA/PBS blend is placed in an autoclave at room temperature and then charged with CO at a certain saturation pressure2Then heating the high-pressure kettle to a certain melting temperature, keeping the high-pressure kettle for a period of melting time, then cooling the high-pressure kettle to a foaming temperature, keeping the high-pressure kettle for a period of saturation time, finally quickly relieving pressure, and immediately cooling the high-pressure kettle to room temperature to obtain the high-pressure-resistant high-temperature-resistant high-pressure-resistant high-temperature-resistant material,
more preferably, the saturation pressure is 9 to 12MPa,
more preferably, the saturation pressure is 10.3MPa,
further preferably, the melting temperature is 180-,
it is further preferred that the melting temperature is 180 c,
more preferably, the melting time is 1-10min
More preferably, the melting time is 5min,
it is further preferred that the foaming temperature is 105-,
more preferably, the saturation time is 30-60min,
more preferably, the saturation time is 40 min.
In one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a use of the oil-absorbing foam or the oil-absorbing foam prepared by the method for preparing the oil-absorbing foam in oil absorption.
Preferably, the oil comprises silicone oil, peanut oil.
In one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a use of the oil-absorbing foam or the oil-absorbing foam prepared by the method for preparing the oil-absorbing foam for adsorbing an organic solvent.
Preferably, the organic solvent comprises carbon tetrafluoride, tetrafluoroethylene, ethyl acetate, n-octane and cyclohexane.
In one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a use of the oil-absorbing foam described above or the oil-absorbing foam prepared by the method for preparing the oil-absorbing foam described above in water-oil separation.
In one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided an application of the oil-absorbing foam or the oil-absorbing foam prepared by the method for preparing the oil-absorbing foam in water purification.
In one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, a material for treating offshore oil leakage is provided, which includes the oil-absorbing foam described above or the oil-absorbing foam prepared by the preparation method of the oil-absorbing foam described above.
In one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, a method for treating offshore oil leakage is provided, which comprises transporting the oil-absorbing foam or the oil-absorbing foam prepared by the preparation method of the oil-absorbing foam to the sea level to be adsorbed or placed in the sea to be suspended or placed on the sea bottom.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a preparation method of an oil-absorbing foam, which comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out melt blending on the dried PLA and PBS particles on a double-screw extruder, wherein the blending temperature is 180 ℃, the screw rotating speed is 30rpm, and the blending time is 3min, so as to obtain a blend taking the PLA as a matrix and the PBS as a dispersion phase; the PBS content of the PLA/PBS blend was 20%,
(2) the PLA/PBS blend was placed in an autoclave at room temperature and then charged with CO at a saturation pressure of 10.3MPa2Then, the autoclave is heated to the melting temperature of 180 ℃ and kept for the melting time of 5min, then the autoclave is cooled to the foaming temperature of 115 ℃ and kept for the saturation time of 40min, and finally the pressure is quickly released and the autoclave is immediately cooled to the room temperature, so that the oil-absorbing foam material is obtained.
The densities of the blend and the foam were measured by means of a drainage method and an analytical balance, and the porosity of the foam was calculated on the basis of this, as follows:
ε＝(1-ρf/ρs)*100％
in the formula:
ρf-the density of the foam material;
ρs-density of the blend.
The foam prepared by the test has the density of 0.029g/cm and the porosity of 97.7 percent. Wherein the diameter of the skeleton cell is about 100-300 μm. The foam holes are in the shapes shown in figure 1, the foam is in a two-stage foam hole structure and comprises polygonal framework foam holes and a lace-shaped communicated structure on the foam wall of the framework foam holes, the lace-shaped communicated structure increases the surface area of the oil absorption foam and is beneficial to the attachment of oil, the oil enters the inside of the oil absorption material along a communicated channel formed by the lace-shaped communicated structure and is not easy to fall off from the oil absorption material, and the secondary removal of the oil in an oil-water mixed solution is avoided to influence the oil absorption effect.
Example 2
This example measured the contact angle of the oil absorbing foam of example 1 with cyclohexane and water by: cutting the oil absorption foam into small pieces, ensuring the upper surface and the lower surface to be flat, respectively dripping 3 mu L of water and cyclohexane on the surface of the oil absorption foam, observing the form of the water or the cyclohexane on the surface, and measuring a contact angle, wherein the measuring method of the contact angle adopts a shape image analysis method.
As can be seen from fig. 2, the cyclohexane wetting on the foam surface was good, while the water wetting on the foam surface was almost non-wetting, and the contact angles of the oil absorbing foam to cyclohexane and water were determined to be 0 ° and 118 °, respectively. The foams exhibit excellent oleophilic hydrophobicity.
Example 3
In this example, the oil absorbing foam of example 1 was subjected to an adsorption test by cutting the oil absorbing foam of example 1 into small pieces, weighing, immersing in various liquids (organic solvents, oils or water), standing for 1 hour, taking out the oil absorbing foam, wiping off the liquid adhering to the surface of the foam, and weighing again. The adsorption capacity is calculated as follows:
Q＝(m–m0)/m0
in the formula:
m-the weight of the foam after adsorption;
m0-foam weight before adsorption.
As shown in FIG. 3, the adsorption capacity for various organic solvents and oils is 7.9-21.9g/g, and the adsorption capacity for water is close to 0g/g, so that the oil absorption foam of the embodiment can absorb grease in the water-oil mixed liquid, and realize water purification or water-oil separation.
As shown in fig. 4, in the process of selectively adsorbing cyclohexane and carbon tetrachloride from water by the oil absorption foam of this embodiment, it can be seen that oil stains floating on the water surface or sinking on the water bottom can be completely adsorbed by the foam, thereby achieving the functions of oil-water separation and water purification.
Example 4
This example provides a method for preparing an oil absorbing foam, which differs from example 1 in that in step (1), the content of PBS in the PLA/PBS blend is 30%, and in step (2), the foaming temperature is 110 ℃.
The density of the prepared foam is 0.041g/cm3The porosity was 96.7%. The cell morphology is shown in FIG. 5, which shows that the foam is a two-stage cell structure, including polygonal skeleton cells and a lace-network connected structure on the cell wall of the skeleton cells, wherein the diameter of the skeleton cells is about 100-300 μm.
The absorption capacity of the oil absorbing foam of this example to carbon tetrachloride was tested to be 16.6 g/g.
Example 5
This example provides a method for preparing an oil absorbing foam, which differs from example 1 in that in step (1), the PBS content of the PLA/PBS blend is 10%.
The foam obtained had a density of 0.023g/cm3The porosity was 98.2%. The cell morphology is shown in FIG. 6, which shows that the foam is a two-stage cell structure, including polygonal skeleton cells and a lace-network connected structure on the cell walls of the skeleton cells, wherein the diameter of the skeleton cells is about 100-300 μm.
The foam was tested to have an adsorption capacity of 15.1g/g for carbon tetrachloride.
Comparative example
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that pure PLA is used for foaming. The cell morphology is shown in FIG. 7.
Comparing the comparative example with example 1, it was found that the pure PLA foam had a single-stage cell structure, i.e., only closed polygonal skeletal cells, and no lace network structure, which had a diameter of about 100 and 300. mu.m.
As shown in FIG. 8, the adsorption capacity of pure PLA foam to various organic solvents and oils is only 1.6-10.1g/g, which is much lower than that of PLA/PBS foam in example 1, and it can be seen that the oil-absorbing foam described in example 1 can achieve the above-mentioned effects, and has a direct and inevitable relationship with the lace-like connected structure on the foam wall.
The above disclosure is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, therefore, the present invention is not limited by the appended claims.

Claims (21)

1. The application of oil-absorbing foam in water-oil separation is characterized in that,
the material matrix of the oil absorption foam is PLA/PBS blend, the oil absorption foam is in a two-stage foam structure and comprises polygonal framework foam holes and a lace net-shaped communicated structure on the foam walls of the framework foam holes;
the PBS content in the PLA/PBS blend is 10-30%;
the preparation method of the oil-absorbing foam comprises the following steps: (1) carrying out melt blending on the dried PLA and PBS particles to obtain a blend taking the PLA as a matrix and the PBS as a dispersion phase;
(2) placing PLA/PBS blend in CO2And (5) carrying out impregnation saturation and rapid pressure relief under the environment to obtain the product.
2. Use of an oil absorbing foam of claim 1 in water oil separation wherein the oil absorbing foam has a density of 0.023g/cm or more3The porosity is greater than 96%.
3. Use of an oil absorbing foam of claim 1 in water oil separation wherein the oil absorbing foam has an adsorption capacity for organic solvents and oils of from 7.9 to 21.9 g/g.
4. Use of the oil absorbing foam of claim 1 in water oil separation wherein the amount of PBS in the PLA/PBS blend is 20%.
5. Use of the oil absorbing foam of claim 1 in water oil separation wherein in step (1) the melt blending step is carried out on a twin screw extruder.
6. Use of the oil absorbing foam of claim 5 in water oil separation wherein in step (1) the melt blending temperature is 180-200 ℃.
7. Use of the oil absorbing foam of claim 5 in water oil separation wherein in step (1) the screw speed is from 10 to 50 rpm.
8. Use of the oil absorbing foam of claim 5 in water oil separation wherein in step (1) the melt blending time is from 1 to 5 min.
9. The use of the oil absorbing foam of claim 5 in water oil separation, wherein in step (1), the melt blending temperature is 180-200 ℃, the screw speed is 10-50rpm, and the melt blending time is 1-5 min.
10. Use of the oil absorbing foam of claim 5 in water oil separation wherein in step (1) the melt blending temperature is 180 ℃, the screw speed is 30rpm and the blending time is 3 min.
11. Use of the oil absorbing foam of claim 1 in water-oil separationThe method is characterized in that in the step (2), the PLA/PBS mixture is firstly placed in an autoclave at room temperature, and then CO with certain saturation pressure is filled2And then heating the high-pressure kettle to a certain melting temperature, keeping for a period of melting time, then cooling the high-pressure kettle to the foaming temperature, keeping for a period of saturation time, and finally quickly relieving pressure and immediately cooling the high-pressure kettle to room temperature to obtain the high-pressure-resistant high-temperature-resistant high-pressure-resistant high-temperature-resistant high-pressure-resistant material.
12. Use of the oil absorbing foam of claim 11 in water oil separation wherein in step (2) the saturation pressure is 9-12 MPa.
13. Use of the oil absorbing foam of claim 11 in water oil separation wherein in step (2) the saturation pressure is 10.3 MPa.
14. Use of the oil absorbing foam of claim 11 in water oil separation wherein in step (2) the melting temperature is 180-200 ℃.
15. Use of the oil absorbing foam of claim 11 in water oil separation wherein in step (2) the melting temperature is 180 ℃.
16. Use of the oil absorbing foam of claim 11 in water oil separation wherein in step (2) the melting time is 1-10 min.
17. Use of the oil absorbing foam of claim 11 in water oil separation wherein in step (2) the melting time is 5 min.
18. Use of the oil absorbing foam of claim 11 in water oil separation wherein in step (2) the foaming temperature is 105-115 ℃.
19. Use of the oil absorbing foam of claim 11 in water oil separation wherein in step (2) the saturation time is 30-60 min.
20. Use of the oil absorbing foam of claim 11 in water oil separation wherein in step (2) the saturation time is 40 min.
21. A method of treating offshore oil spills comprising transporting the oil absorbing foam prepared in the use of the oil absorbing foam of any one of claims 1 to 20 in water and oil separation to the sea surface for adsorption or placing it in suspension in the sea or in the sea bottom.
CN202010768086.8A 2020-08-03 2020-08-03 Oil-absorbing foam and preparation method and application thereof Active CN111808407B (en)

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