CN111554524B - Electric double layer capacitor and method for manufacturing the same - Google Patents
Electric double layer capacitor and method for manufacturing the same Download PDFInfo
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- CN111554524B CN111554524B CN202010245993.4A CN202010245993A CN111554524B CN 111554524 B CN111554524 B CN 111554524B CN 202010245993 A CN202010245993 A CN 202010245993A CN 111554524 B CN111554524 B CN 111554524B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
- H01G11/32—Carbon-based
- H01G11/34—Carbon-based characterised by carbonisation or activation of carbon
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/24—Electrodes characterised by structural features of the materials making up or comprised in the electrodes, e.g. form, surface area or porosity; characterised by the structural features of powders or particles used therefor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/26—Electrodes characterised by their structure, e.g. multi-layered, porosity or surface features
- H01G11/28—Electrodes characterised by their structure, e.g. multi-layered, porosity or surface features arranged or disposed on a current collector; Layers or phases between electrodes and current collectors, e.g. adhesives
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/84—Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof
- H01G11/86—Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof specially adapted for electrodes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Abstract
A double electric layer capacitor and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps of contacting foam metal with a liquid-phase carbon source or a gas-phase carbon source, and forming a carbon-coated foam metal material under a preset condition, wherein the carbon-coated foam metal material is a structure that a carbon layer coats the foam metal material, and a metal and carbon compound layer is formed at the combined interface of the foam metal material and the carbon layer; pressing the carbon-coated foam metal material to form a pole piece, cutting the pole piece, welding a tab at the edge of the pole piece, and selecting the pole piece as a positive pole piece and a negative pole piece of the capacitor; and sequentially overlapping and assembling the positive plate, the diaphragm and the negative plate to form a battery core, then placing the battery core in the capacitor shell, injecting electrolyte into the battery core, and sealing the capacitor shell. By coating the carbon foam metal material, the contact resistance of the carbon layer and the foam metal is reduced by two orders of magnitude. And because no glue is used, the chemical stability of the device is improved, the electrochemical stability window can be improved by 0.2-0.4V, and the energy density is improved by 20%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of capacitor preparation, in particular to a double electric layer capacitor and a preparation method thereof.
Background
This section is intended to provide a background or context to the embodiments of the invention that are recited in the claims. The description herein is not admitted to be prior art by inclusion in this section.
The double-electric-layer capacitor is an energy storage device with high power and long service life. The action mechanism is that the ions of the electrolyte are directionally accumulated on the interface of the electrolyte/an electrode under the action of an electric field. The mechanism is the physical effect of adsorption-desorption, no chemical reaction exists, no chemical reaction heat exists, and therefore the charging and discharging speed is high, and the service life is long. Generally, the response time of an electric double layer capacitor having a capacity of several thousands of farads is between 1 and 10 seconds. In contrast, the charge and discharge time of a lithium ion battery powered pure electric vehicle is in a few hours. The rapid response characteristic enables the tramcar driven by the electric double layer capacitor to complete charging and discharging within half a minute. The double-electric-layer capacitor can also provide extremely large current in a very short time in the wind power generation slurry changing field, and the frequency modulation function is realized.
However, only micro-farad electric double layer capacitors (based on single-layer graphene materials or nano onion carbon) can achieve response of tens of milliseconds at present due to the limitations of internal resistance of electrolyte, porosity and thickness of a pole piece, structural relationship of electrode materials and a current collector and contact resistance of electrolyte/electrode to the current collector. At present, no report that the farad-level electric double layer capacitor achieves millisecond-level response exists, and the application field of the farad-level electric double layer capacitor is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, there is a need to provide an improved method of manufacturing an electric double layer capacitor.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a method for manufacturing an electric double layer capacitor includes the steps of,
s1: contacting foam metal with a liquid-phase carbon source or a gas-phase carbon source, and forming a carbon-coated foam metal material under a preset condition, wherein the carbon-coated foam metal material is of a structure that a carbon layer coats the foam metal material, and a combined layer of metal and carbon is formed at the combined interface of the foam metal material and the carbon layer;
s2: pressing the carbon-coated foam metal material to form a pole piece, cutting the pole piece, welding a tab at the edge of the pole piece, and selecting the pole piece as a positive pole piece and/or a negative pole piece of the capacitor;
s3: and (3) sequentially superposing the positive plate, the diaphragm and the negative plate to assemble the battery cell, then placing the battery cell in a capacitor shell, injecting electrolyte, and sealing the capacitor shell to obtain the double-electric-layer capacitor.
Preferably, the viscosity of the liquid phase carbon source is 1000-100000 centipoises, and the liquid phase carbon source comprises one or more combinations of paraffin, lubricating oil, washing oil, resin and glue dissolved in a solution.
Preferably, the preset conditions of S1 are: the temperature is 250 ℃ and 600 ℃, the heat preservation time is 0.1-6 hours, and the pressure is 0.1-1 Mpa.
Preferably, the gas phase carbon source comprises one or more of CO, C1-C9 hydrocarbons, C1-C6 alcohols, ethers, ketones, or esters.
Preferably, the preset conditions in S1 are: the temperature is 300 ℃ and 700 ℃, the heat preservation time is 0.1-10 hours, and the pressure is 0.1-1 MPa.
Preferably, the electrolyte is one of an aqueous electrolyte, an organic electrolyte or an ionic electrolyte.
Preferably, the material of the foam metal is one or a combination of more of nickel, iron, aluminum and copper, the foam metal is in a film shape, the initial porosity of the foam metal is 80-96%, and the thickness of the foam metal is 0.2-2 mm.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an electric double layer capacitor manufactured using the above-described manufacturing method of an electric double layer capacitor, the electric double layer capacitor including a positive electrode sheet and a negative electrode sheet, each of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet being made of a carbon-coated foamed metal material.
Preferably, the thickness of the positive plate and the thickness of the negative plate are respectively 0.05-0.5mm, and the porosity of the positive plate and the porosity of the negative plate are respectively 20-90%.
Preferably, the outer surface of the carbon layer is dense, and the thickness of the carbon layer is 0.02-10 microns.
According to the preparation method of the capacitor, the foam metal material is contacted with a liquid-phase carbon source or a gas-phase carbon source, so that a tightly coated carbon layer is formed on the surface of the foam metal material, and the contact resistance of the foam metal material and the carbon source is reduced by two orders of magnitude. And because no glue exists, the chemical stability of the device is improved, the electrochemical stability window can be improved by 0.2-0.4V, and the energy density is improved by 20%.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention can be more clearly understood, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. In addition, the features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of the invention, and the described embodiments are merely a subset of embodiments of the invention, rather than a complete embodiment. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which embodiments of the present invention belong. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the embodiments of the invention.
A method for producing an electric double layer capacitor, comprising the steps of:
and taking a foam metal material, enabling the foam metal material to be in mutual contact with a carbon source, and decomposing the carbon source into carbon under a preset condition to form the carbon-coated foam metal material with a carbon tightly-coated foam metal structure. In one embodiment, the metal foam material is a metal foam material aluminum, and in other embodiments, the metal in the metal foam material may be one or a combination of nickel, iron, aluminum, and copper. The initial void ratio of the foam metal material is 80-96%, and the thickness is 0.2-2 mm.
In one embodiment, the carbon source is a high viscosity liquid carbon source with a viscosity of 1000-. The preset conditions are that the temperature is 250-600 ℃, the time is 0.1-6 hours, and the pressure is 0.1-1 Mpa.
In other embodiments, the carbon source is a gas phase carbon source that is a combination of one or more of CO, a C1-C9 hydrocarbon, a C1-C6 alcohol, an ether, a ketone, or an ester. The preset conditions are that the temperature is 300-700 ℃, the time is 0.1-10 hours, and the pressure is 0.1-1 MPa.
And pressing the carbon-coated foam metal material to form the pole piece with the thickness of 0.05-0.5mm and the porosity of 20-90%. The thickness of the carbon layer on the pole piece is 0.02-10 microns, and the outer surface of the carbon layer is compact.
And taking the same pole pieces as a positive pole piece and a negative pole piece, sequentially superposing and assembling the positive pole piece, the diaphragm and the negative pole piece to form an electric core, placing the electric core into the capacitor shell, injecting electrolyte, and sealing the capacitor shell to obtain the double-electric-layer capacitor.
In one embodiment, the electrolyte is an aqueous electrolyte, and in other embodiments, the electrolyte is one of an organic electrolyte or an ionic liquid electrolyte. In other words, the electrolyte may be selected by an operating voltage of the electric double layer capacitor. When the working voltage of the double-electric-layer capacitor is 1V, the electrolyte is aqueous electrolyte; when the working voltage of the double-electric-layer capacitor is 2.5-3V, the electrolyte is organic electrolyte; when the working voltage of the double-electric-layer capacitor is 3.2-4.5V, the electrolyte is ionic liquid electrolyte.
The present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present invention, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
Example 1
Taking a foamed aluminum material, and coating the foamed aluminum material by using a high-viscosity liquid-phase carbon source. In the present embodiment, the foamed aluminum material has a thickness of 0.2mm and a porosity of 95%, and the liquid-phase carbon source is composed of 50% paraffin, 20% epoxy resin, and 30% lubricating oil. The treatment is carried out at the temperature of 250 ℃ and under the pressure of 0.8MPa (absolute pressure) for 4 hours, so as to form the carbon-coated foamed aluminum material with a carbon tightly-coated foamed aluminum structure, and a carbonized aluminide layer is formed at the combined interface of the carbon-coated foamed aluminum material and the carbon layer, and the thickness of the carbon layer is 0.02 micron. In this embodiment, the carbon layer is uniformly coated on the surface of the metal foam, and the outer surface of the carbon layer is dense.
Pressing the carbon-coated foamed aluminum material to form a pole piece with the thickness of 0.05mm, and controlling the porosity of the pole piece to be 70%; and taking the same pole pieces as a positive pole piece and a negative pole piece, sequentially superposing and assembling the positive pole piece, the diaphragm and the negative pole piece to form an electric core, placing the electric core into the capacitor shell, injecting electrolyte, and sealing the capacitor shell to obtain the double-electric-layer capacitor. In this embodiment, the electrolyte is an ionic liquid for 3.2 to 4.5V.
In the present embodiment, the electric double layer capacitor has a capacity of millifarads to several tens of farads, a response speed of 2 milliseconds, and a CV curve maintaining an approximately rectangular structure at a sweep rate of 500V/s. When the internal resistance is 1 milliohm, the frequency modulation function is realized at 20 MHz.
Example 2
Taking a foamed copper material, and introducing a gas-phase carbon source to contact with the surface of the foamed copper material. In the embodiment, the thickness of the foamed copper material is 0.3mm, and the porosity is 93%; the gas-phase carbon source consists of 50% of ethylene, 20% of liquefied gas, 6% of cyclohexanone, 4% of acetone and 20% of petroleum ether. The foamed copper material contacted with the gas-phase carbon source is treated for 0.1 hour at the temperature of 300 ℃ and the pressure of 0.1MPa (absolute pressure), so as to form the carbon-coated foamed copper material with a carbon tightly-coated foamed copper structure. And a copper carbide bonding layer is formed at the interface where the two are bonded. In this embodiment, the carbon layer has a thickness of 0.02 to 5 μm.
And pressing the carbon-coated foam copper material to form a pole piece with the thickness of 0.1mm, and controlling the porosity of the pole piece to be 90%. And taking the same pole pieces as a positive pole piece and a negative pole piece, sequentially superposing and assembling the positive pole piece, the diaphragm and the negative pole piece to form an electric core, placing the electric core into the capacitor shell, injecting electrolyte, and sealing the capacitor shell to obtain the double-electric-layer capacitor. In this embodiment, the electrolyte is an ionic liquid.
In the present embodiment, the electric double layer capacitor has a capacity of millifarads to several tens of farads, a response speed of 2.8 milliseconds, or a CV curve maintaining an approximately rectangular structure at a sweep speed of 300V/s. And has a frequency modulation function at 20kHz when the internal resistance is 10 milliohm.
Example 3
Taking a foamed nickel material, and coating by adopting a high-viscosity liquid-phase carbon source. In the embodiment, the thickness of the foam nickel material is 2mm, the porosity is 90%, the liquid-phase carbon source is composed of 30% of washing oil, 50% of urea-formaldehyde resin and 20%, and the PVDF glue is dissolved in NMP. The foam nickel material coated by the liquid-phase carbon source is placed at 600 ℃ and under the environment of 1MPa (absolute pressure), the treatment time is 6 hours, the carbon-coated foam nickel material with the carbon-tightly-coated foam nickel structure is formed, and a nickel carbide compound layer is formed on the combined interface of the carbon-coated foam nickel material and the carbon-tightly-coated foam nickel material, wherein in the embodiment, the thickness of the carbon layer is 10 micrometers.
And pressing the carbon-coated nickel foam material to form a pole piece with the thickness of 0.5mm, and controlling the porosity of the pole piece to be 50%. And taking the same pole pieces as a positive pole piece and a negative pole piece, sequentially superposing and assembling the positive pole piece, the diaphragm and the negative pole piece to form an electric core, placing the electric core into the capacitor shell, injecting electrolyte, and sealing the capacitor shell to obtain the double-electric-layer capacitor. In this embodiment, the electrolyte is a KOH solution electrolyte for 1V, and is packaged to form an electric double layer capacitor.
In the present embodiment, the capacitance of the electric double layer capacitor is millifarad, the response speed is 5 milliseconds, or the CV curve maintains a substantially rectangular structure when the sweep rate is 200V/s. When the internal resistance is 4 milliohm, the frequency modulation function is realized at 80 kHz.
Example 4
Taking a foam iron material, and introducing a gas-phase carbon source to enable the surface of the foam iron material to be in contact with the gas-phase carbon source, wherein in the embodiment, the thickness of the foam iron material is 1mm, the porosity is 92%, and the gas-phase carbon source consists of 30% of CO, 50% of C1-C9 hydrocarbon, 20% of C1-C6 alcohol and 10% of C2-C6 ester. Under the conditions of 700 ℃ of temperature and 0.5MPa (absolute pressure), the treatment time is 10 hours, and the carbon-coated foam iron material with a carbon tightly-coated foam iron structure is formed. And an iron carbide compound layer is formed at the interface where the two are combined. The carbon layer thickness was 3 microns.
And pressing the carbon-coated foam iron material to form a pole piece with the thickness of 0.15mm, and controlling the porosity of the pole piece to be 60%. And taking the same pole pieces as a positive pole piece and a negative pole piece, sequentially superposing and assembling the positive pole piece, the diaphragm and the negative pole piece to form an electric core, placing the electric core into the capacitor shell, injecting electrolyte, and sealing the capacitor shell to obtain the double-electric-layer capacitor. In this embodiment, the electrolyte is an organic electrolyte.
In the present embodiment, the capacitance of the electric double layer capacitor is in the order of farad, and the CV curve maintains a substantially rectangular configuration when the response speed is 3 milliseconds or the sweep rate is 350V/s. When the internal resistance is 3 milliohm, the frequency modulation function is realized at 50 kHz.
Example 5
Taking a foamed aluminum-iron material, and introducing a gas-phase carbon source to enable the gas-phase carbon source to be in contact with the foamed aluminum-iron, wherein in the embodiment, the thickness of the foamed aluminum-iron material is 0.8mm, the porosity is 96%, the outer layer of the foamed aluminum-iron material is aluminum, the inner layer of the foamed aluminum-iron material is iron, and the mass ratio of the aluminum to the iron is 1: 2; the gas phase carbon source is ethanol. And (3) placing the foamed aluminum-iron material in contact with the gas-phase carbon source at 500 ℃ under the pressure of 0.5MPa (absolute pressure) for 0.1 hour to form the carbon-coated foamed aluminum-iron material with a carbon-tightly coated foamed aluminum structure. And a carbide-aluminide layer is formed at the interface where the two are combined. The carbon layer thickness was 0.1 microns.
And pressing the carbon-coated foamed aluminum-iron material to form a pole piece with the thickness of 0.08mm, and controlling the porosity of the pole piece to be 90%. And taking the same pole pieces as a positive pole piece and a negative pole piece, sequentially superposing and assembling the positive pole piece, the diaphragm and the negative pole piece to form an electric core, placing the electric core into the capacitor shell, injecting electrolyte, and sealing the capacitor shell to obtain the double-electric-layer capacitor. In this embodiment, the electrolyte is an ionic liquid electrolyte, and specifically, the electrolyte is EMIBF 4.
In the present embodiment, the electric double layer capacitor has a capacitance of faraday order, a response speed of 2.5 msec, and a CV curve of 400V/s maintains a substantially rectangular structure. When the internal resistance is 2.5 milliohm, the frequency modulation function is realized at 30 MHz.
Example 6
The foamed aluminum-copper material is taken and contacted with an introduced gas phase carbon source. In this embodiment, the thickness of the foamed aluminum-copper material is 1.2mm, the porosity is 80%, the outer layer of the foamed aluminum-copper material is aluminum, the inner layer is copper, and the mass ratio of aluminum to copper is 10: 1. the gas phase carbon source consists of 50% of acetylene, 20% of dimethyl ether, 10% of methanol and 20% of methyl valerate. The carbon-coated foamed aluminum-copper material with a carbon-tightly coated foamed aluminum-copper structure is formed under the conditions that the temperature is 350 ℃ and the pressure is 0.2MPa (absolute pressure) and the heat preservation time is 0.1 hour. And a carbide-aluminide layer is formed at the interface where the two are combined. The carbon layer thickness was 2.5 microns.
And pressing the carbon-coated foamed aluminum-copper material to form a pole piece with the thickness of 0.2mm, and controlling the porosity of the pole piece to be 35%. And taking the same pole pieces as a positive pole piece and a negative pole piece, sequentially superposing and assembling the positive pole piece, the diaphragm and the negative pole piece to form an electric core, placing the electric core into the capacitor shell, injecting electrolyte, and sealing the capacitor shell to obtain the double-electric-layer capacitor. In this embodiment, the organic electrolytic solution is a PC solvent.
In the present embodiment, the electric double layer capacitor has a capacity of ten farad, a response speed of 4 milliseconds, and a CV curve maintaining a substantially rectangular configuration when a sweep rate is 450V/s. When the internal resistance is 1.8 milliohm, the frequency modulation function is realized at 10 MHz.
Example 7
Taking foamed aluminum-nickel material, and coating the foamed aluminum-nickel material by using a high-viscosity liquid-phase carbon source. In this embodiment, the thickness of the foamed aluminum-nickel material is 1mm, the porosity is 90%, the outer layer of the foamed aluminum-nickel is aluminum, the inner layer of the foamed aluminum-nickel material is nickel, and the mass ratio of the aluminum to the nickel is 2: 1. the high-viscosity liquid-phase carbon source is epoxy resin. Under the conditions of 500 ℃ and 0.3MPa (absolute pressure), the heat preservation time is 4 hours, and the carbon-coated foamed aluminum-nickel material with a carbon tightly-coated foamed aluminum-nickel structure is formed. And a carbide aluminide layer is formed at the interface of the two, and in the embodiment, the carbon layer is 2.5 microns thick.
And pressing the carbon-coated foamed aluminum-nickel material to form a pole piece with the thickness of 0.5mm, and controlling the porosity of the pole piece to be 50%. And taking the same pole pieces as a positive pole piece and a negative pole piece, sequentially superposing and assembling the positive pole piece, the diaphragm and the negative pole piece to form a battery core, placing the battery core into a capacitor shell, injecting electrolyte, and sealing the capacitor shell to obtain the double-electric-layer capacitor. In this embodiment, the electrolyte is an ionic electrolyte.
In the present embodiment, the capacitance of the electric double layer capacitor is in the farad order. The response speed is 2.8 milliseconds, and the CV curve keeps an approximate rectangular structure when the sweep speed is 400V/s. When the internal resistance is 4 milliohms, the frequency modulation function is realized at 2 MHz.
According to the preparation method of the capacitor, the foam metal material is contacted with a liquid-phase carbon source or a gas-phase carbon source, so that a tightly coated carbon layer is formed on the surface of the foam metal material, and the contact resistance of the foam metal material and the carbon source is reduced by two orders of magnitude. And the double electric layer capacitor has no glue, so that the chemical stability of the device is improved, the electrochemical stability window can be improved by 0.2-0.4V, and the energy density is improved by 20%.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for producing an electric double layer capacitor, characterized in that: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
s1: contacting the foam metal with a liquid-phase carbon source or a gas-phase carbon source, and decomposing the carbon source into carbon under preset conditions to form the carbon-coated foam metal material, wherein the preset conditions are as follows: the carbon-coated foam metal material is in a structure that a carbon layer coats a foam metal material, the outer surface of the carbon layer is compact, the thickness of the carbon layer is 0.02-10 microns, a metal and carbon compound layer is formed at the interface of the foam metal material and the carbon layer, the liquid-phase carbon source comprises paraffin, lubricating oil, washing oil, resin and a plurality of combinations of glue dissolved in a solution, and the gas-phase carbon source comprises one or more of CO, C1-C9 hydrocarbon, C1-C6 alcohol, ether, ketone or ester;
s2: pressing the carbon-coated foam metal material to form a pole piece with the thickness of 0.05-0.5mm and the porosity of 20-90%, cutting the pole piece, welding a tab at the edge of the pole piece, and selecting the pole piece as a positive pole piece and/or a negative pole piece of the capacitor;
s3: and sequentially overlapping and assembling the positive plate, the diaphragm and the negative plate to form a battery cell, then placing the battery cell in a capacitor shell, injecting electrolyte, and sealing the capacitor shell to obtain the double-electric-layer capacitor.
2. The method for producing an electric double layer capacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the viscosity of the liquid phase carbon source is 1000-100000 centipoises.
3. The method for producing an electric double layer capacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the electrolyte is one of aqueous electrolyte, organic electrolyte or ionic electrolyte.
4. The method for producing an electric double layer capacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the foam metal is made of one or a combination of more of nickel, iron, aluminum and copper, is in a film shape, and has an initial porosity of 80-96% and a thickness of 0.2-2 mm.
5. An electric double layer capacitor, characterized in that: the electric double layer capacitor of any one of claims 1 to 4, which is manufactured by using the method for manufacturing an electric double layer capacitor, wherein the electric double layer capacitor comprises a capacitor shell and a positive plate, a diaphragm and a negative plate which are arranged in sequence and are positioned in the capacitor shell, the capacitor shell further comprises an electrolyte, the positive plate and the negative plate are both made of a carbon-coated foam metal material, the outer surface of a carbon layer of the carbon-coated foam metal material is dense, and the thickness of the carbon layer is 0.02-10 microns.
6. An electric double layer capacitor according to claim 5, wherein: the thickness of the positive plate and the negative plate is 0.05-0.5mm respectively, and the porosity of the positive plate and the porosity of the negative plate are 20-90% respectively.
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