CN111404371A - High-speed power supply system for inductive load - Google Patents
High-speed power supply system for inductive load Download PDFInfo
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- CN111404371A CN111404371A CN202010111911.7A CN202010111911A CN111404371A CN 111404371 A CN111404371 A CN 111404371A CN 202010111911 A CN202010111911 A CN 202010111911A CN 111404371 A CN111404371 A CN 111404371A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/06—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider
- H02M3/07—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider using capacitors charged and discharged alternately by semiconductor devices with control electrode, e.g. charge pumps
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
Abstract
The invention discloses an inductive load-oriented high-speed power supply system, which mainly comprises three high-speed power supply systems with different circuit topologies. The invention combines a plurality of capacitors in each stage through the output of currents with different magnitudes in the current rising or stabilizing stage, and controls the switching sequence of the capacitors, thereby realizing the current waveform control in the set current amplitude range to meet the requirements of specific loads. In addition, the Buck converter is used for the current stabilizer, a plurality of capacitors are not needed to be combined to realize the output of different currents, and the output of different currents can be quickly realized only through the PWM duty ratio of a single Buck converter.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of power structures, in particular to an inductive load-oriented high-speed power supply system.
Background
The rise time is an important index for evaluating the power supply and is a key parameter for realizing high-speed response of the power supply. Particularly, when the load is an inductive load, the inductive reactance characteristic blocks the current change, so that the inductive load has a large lag with respect to the current change of a general load, and the quick response cannot be achieved. If the current loaded on the inductive load is rapidly adjustable within a certain amplitude range, a general power supply cannot meet the requirement or is high in cost.
Therefore, the prior art fails to provide a fast-response programmable power supply with low cost, high efficiency, reliability, and high current, especially for inductive load applications.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving the problems of the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted for achieving the purpose of the invention is that the high-speed power supply system for the inductive load comprises a charging power supply, a current rising capacitor group, a current stabilizing capacitor group, gating charging switches with the same number as the capacitors, gating discharging switches with the same number as the capacitors and a signal control device for controlling the gating switches to be switched on and off.
In the current rising capacitor group and the current stabilizing capacitor group, each capacitor is connected with the load through a gating discharge switch so as to supply power to the load. When all the gate discharge switches are conducted, all the capacitors are connected in parallel to the input end of the load. The load is an inductive load. The capacitor is a super capacitor. The number of capacitors in a capacitor bank is at least 1.
In the up-flow capacitor group and the steady-flow capacitor group, each capacitor is connected with a charging power supply through a gating charging switch, so that the charging power supply charges the capacitor. When all the gate charging switches are conducted, all the capacitors are connected in parallel at the output end of the charging power supply.
The signal control device controls the on-off of the gating charging switch and the gating discharging switch.
When charging, the signal control device disconnects all gating discharge switches and opens all or part of gating charge switches. And the charging voltage of the current rising capacitor bank is greater than that of the current stabilizing capacitor bank.
When discharging, the signal control device disconnects all gating charging switches, opens all or part of gating discharging switches corresponding to the capacitors in the current-rising capacitor bank, supplies power to the load, disconnects the opened gating discharging switches until the power supply current rises to a set value, and simultaneously opens all or part of gating discharging switches corresponding to the capacitors in the current-stabilizing capacitor bank to supply power to the load.
The process of supplying power to the load by the boost capacitor bank and the steady-current capacitor bank is as follows: the up-flow capacitor bank discharges in advance when the current of the up-flow capacitor bank rises to ioOr exceeds a preset overshoot ixAt time, the up-flow capacitor bank is switched off and at switching time τsA current stabilizing capacitor group is internally connected; tau after disconnection of the up-flow capacitor banksThe induced current existing on the load still exists in time, so that the load of the expected current i is realized on the load under the combined action of the output current of the current stabilizing capacitor bank and the induced current of the load.
The high-speed power supply system facing the inductive load further comprises a backup capacitor bank. And when the current stabilizing capacitor bank needs to be charged, the standby capacitor bank is adopted to supply power to the load.
A high-speed power supply system facing an inductive load comprises a charging power supply, m parallel-connected up-current capacitor groups, n parallel-connected current-stabilizing capacitor groups, gated charging switches with the same number as the capacitors, gated discharging switches with the same number as the capacitors and a signal control device for controlling the on-off of the gated switches. m and n are both natural numbers greater than 1.
In the current rising capacitor group and the current stabilizing capacitor group, each capacitor is connected with the load through a gating discharge switch so as to supply power to the load. When all the gate discharge switches are conducted, all the capacitors are connected in parallel to the input end of the load. The load is an inductive load. The capacitor is a super capacitor. The number of capacitors in a capacitor bank is at least 1.
In the up-flow capacitor group and the steady-flow capacitor group, each capacitor is connected with a charging power supply through a gating charging switch, so that the charging power supply charges the capacitor. When all the gate charging switches are conducted, all the capacitors are connected in parallel at the output end of the charging power supply.
The signal control device controls the on-off of the gating charging switch and the gating discharging switch.
The main steps for powering the load are as follows:
1) presetting an output waveform of a load, wherein the waveform is divided into a plurality of stages, and each stage corresponds to a steady-state current.
2) And all gating discharge switches are disconnected, all gating charge switches are opened, and all capacitors are charged. And the charging voltage of the current rising capacitor bank is greater than that of the current stabilizing capacitor bank.
3) And selecting part of the m current rising capacitor groups, disconnecting the corresponding gating charging switch, and opening the corresponding gating discharging switch to supply power to the load.
4) Steady state power supply:
4.1) delaying discharge until the power supply current of the load rises to the steady-state current of the stage or reaches an overshoot value, disconnecting the gated discharge switch of the capacitor selected in the step 3) and opening the gated charge switch of the capacitor selected in the step 3).
4.2) selecting part of the current-stabilizing capacitor groups in the n current-stabilizing capacitor groups, disconnecting the corresponding gating charging switch, opening the corresponding gating discharging switch, and supplying power to the load until the stage is finished.
5) And (4) delaying discharge until the power supply stage in the step 3) is finished, opening the gated charging switches corresponding to the capacitors, and disconnecting the gated discharging switches corresponding to the capacitors. Before the time delay discharging in the step 5) is finished, if the discharging of the current stabilizing capacitor group selected in the step 4) is lower than the steady-state current of the current stage, the gated charging switches corresponding to the capacitors are opened, and the gated discharging switches corresponding to the capacitors are disconnected. And reselecting part of the ballast capacitor groups which are not discharged from the n ballast capacitor groups, and returning to the step 4.2) to execute the corresponding step again.
6) Comparing the steady-state current corresponding to the next stage of the output waveform with the steady-state current of the present stage:
6.1) if the steady-state current corresponding to the next stage is lower than the steady-state current of the stage, after the steady-state capacitor bank selected in the step 4) discharges and is lower than the steady-state current of the stage, delaying the discharge until the absolute value of the difference between the steady-state current of the stage and the steady-state current corresponding to the next stage is smaller than a threshold value E, opening the gated charging switches corresponding to the capacitors, and disconnecting the gated discharging switches corresponding to the capacitors. And reselecting part of the n current-stabilizing capacitor groups which are not discharged, and returning to the step 4.2).
6.2) if the steady-state current corresponding to the next stage is higher than the steady-state current of the current stage, discharging the steady-state capacitor bank selected in the step 4) until the current stage is finished, delaying discharging until the absolute value of the difference between the steady-state current of the current stage and the steady-state current corresponding to the next stage is smaller than a threshold value E, opening the gated charging switches corresponding to the capacitors, and disconnecting the gated discharging switches corresponding to the capacitors. Reselecting part of the m up-flow capacitor banks which are not discharged, and returning to the step 3).
A high-speed power supply system facing an inductive load comprises a charging power supply, a current rising capacitor group, a BUCK converter, gating charging switches with the same number as that of capacitors, gating discharging switches with the same number as that of the capacitors, and a signal control device for controlling the gating switches and the BUCK converter.
In the current rising capacitor bank, each capacitor is connected with a load through a gating discharge switch so as to supply power to the load. When all the gate discharge switches are conducted, all the capacitors are connected in parallel to the input end of the load. The load is an inductive load. The capacitor is a super capacitor. The number of capacitors in a capacitor bank is at least 1.
In the up-flow capacitor bank, each capacitor is connected with a charging power supply through a gating charging switch, so that the charging power supply charges the capacitor. When all the gate charging switches are conducted, all the capacitors are connected in parallel at the output end of the charging power supply.
The signal control device controls the on-off of the gating charging switch, the gating discharging switch and the BUCK converter.
When charging, the signal control device disconnects all gating discharge switches and opens all or part of gating charge switches.
When discharging, the signal control device disconnects all gating charging switches, opens all or part of gating discharging switches corresponding to the capacitors in the boost capacitor bank, supplies power to the load, disconnects the opened gating discharging switches until the power supply current rises to a set value, simultaneously controls the work of the BUCK converter, adjusts the PWM duty ratio of the BUCK converter, and supplies power to the load.
It is worth noting that the final steady-state discharge current of the capacitor is related to the voltage between two electrodes of the capacitor, i.e. the larger the voltage is, the larger the steady-state current is, and the voltage is theoretically equal to the charging voltage of the front-end power supply to the capacitor during initial discharge. Although the capacitor C is charged by a large voltageHThe time required to reach the steady state current is still relatively long, but in this case it reaches some intermediate current value (e.g. io) But the time of the same is relatively short. Similarly, a capacitor C charged via a lower voltageLTo reach its steady state current (e.g. i)o) The time of (2) is longer. However, using the principles described above, the capacitor C, which is charged first with a relatively large voltageH(referred to as an up-flow capacitor) is discharged first (discharge curve i)CH(t)) when the current rises to ioOr exceeds a certain overshoot, the boost capacitor C is switched offHAnd at a switching time tausInstant on steady state current of io(discharge curve is i)CL(t)), i.e. another capacitor C charged via a lower voltageL(referred to as a ballast capacitor) due to a boost capacitor CHThe induced current present on the inductive load does not suddenly drop to zero when switched off, but is present in the ballast capacitor CLUnder rapid relay, the output current of the load and the load induction current act together, and the load of the expected current i is skillfully and rapidly loaded. Thereby, the current rising capacitor C is utilizedHAnd a current stabilizing capacitor CLCorresponding control switches, and other essential basic components, i.e., a capacitor cell discharge circuit with fast current response.
In addition, when the BUCK converter is used for stabilizing current, because the BUCK converter is a classic DC-DC converter, the output current of the BUCK converter is approximately proportional to the duty ratio of the PWM control signal, the output of different currents can be realized without combining a plurality of capacitors, and the output of different currents can be quickly realized by the PWM duty ratio of a single BUCK converter. Meanwhile, the capacitor works in a current rising period (before switching time), the current is quickly pulled up by using high power density, and the Buck converter works in a current stabilizing period (after the switching time), and the expected current can be maintained by using PWM duty ratio control. During the operation of the Buck converter, the super capacitor switches on the charging circuit to replenish the lost electric quantity to prepare for the next current rise period. The capacitor is initially at a suitably high voltage state of charge. The DSP controller turns on the capacitor discharge after receiving the external trigger signal and stops the capacitor discharge when the current quickly reaches the expected steady state current (and has an overshoot value). The capacitor is switched to a charging state, meanwhile, the capacitor is switched to a Buck converter under the control of the DSP for outputting, the duty ratio is adjusted, and the Buck converter realizes the output of expected steady-state current. In practical application, factors such as inductive load or electronic element heating will affect the output current of the Buck converter, so that the output of the expected steady-state current is further ensured through PID control in the steady-state period. The process occurs in the steady flow period, so the response time of the current rising period is not influenced. When the next expected current needs to be triggered, the process is repeated, and the output of the variable current can be realized.
The effect of the invention is needless to say that the invention combines a plurality of capacitors in each stage through the output of currents with different sizes in the current rising or stabilizing stage, and controls the switching sequence of the capacitors, thereby realizing the current waveform control in the set current amplitude range to meet the requirement of a specific load. The capacitor (especially a super capacitor) can rapidly pull up the current in the current rise period so as to realize rapid response, and the working time is short, thereby overcoming the defect of low energy density. Meanwhile, one of the invention is that when the capacitor is used in a current stabilization period, the output of different currents is realized through the combination of a plurality of capacitors, and the problem of low energy density of the capacitor can be solved through the exchange and micro-ring charging of the capacitors. The second aspect of the invention is to use the Buck converter in the current stabilizer period, realize the output of different currents without combining a plurality of capacitors, and quickly realize the output of different currents only through the PWM duty ratio of a single Buck converter.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a boost capacitor CHIndependent discharge, current-stabilizing capacitor CLA schematic diagram of the individual discharges and the cooperative discharges of the two according to the method of the invention (note: the overshoot of the current rise phase is included in this diagram);
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the pulse current waveform resulting from the control of the switching sequence;
FIG. 3 is a control flow diagram of one embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a circuit block diagram of one embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a control block diagram of one embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of the high-speed power supply system according to embodiment 4;
fig. 7 is a schematic circuit diagram of a high-speed power supply system according to embodiment 4.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, but it should not be construed that the scope of the above-described subject matter is limited to the following examples. Various substitutions and alterations can be made without departing from the technical idea of the invention and the scope of the invention is covered by the present invention according to the common technical knowledge and the conventional means in the field.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1, a high-speed power supply system facing an inductive load includes a charging power supply, a boost capacitor bank, a steady-current capacitor bank, gated charging switches with the same number as that of capacitors, gated discharging switches with the same number as that of capacitors, and a signal control device for controlling the on/off of the gated charging switches.
In the current rising capacitor group and the current stabilizing capacitor group, each capacitor is connected with the load through a gating discharge switch so as to supply power to the load. When all the gate discharge switches are conducted, all the capacitors are connected in parallel to the input end of the load. The load is an inductive load or other load that is responsive to an inductive load current characteristic. Inductive loads, such as solenoids, are commonly used to generate magnetic fields, because the magnetic field generated by the inductive load or other factors also lags behind the current, thereby creating a current overshoot at the end of the up-flow phase, which overshoot facilitates a fast response of the magnetic field. The capacitor is a super capacitor. The number of capacitors in a capacitor bank is at least 1.
In the up-flow capacitor group and the steady-flow capacitor group, each capacitor is connected with a charging power supply through a gating charging switch, so that the charging power supply charges the capacitor. When all the gate charging switches are conducted, all the capacitors are connected in parallel at the output end of the charging power supply.
And one ends of all the capacitors of the current rising capacitor bank and the current stabilizing capacitor bank are connected in common.
One end of each capacitor which is not grounded is divided into two paths: one path is connected with a gating charging switch in series and then is connected with a charging power supply. And the other path is connected with a gating discharge switch in series and then supplies power to the inductive load.
The signal control device controls the on-off of the gating charging switch and the gating discharging switch.
When charging, the signal control device disconnects all gating discharge switches and opens all or part of gating charge switches. And the charging voltage of the current rising capacitor bank is greater than that of the current stabilizing capacitor bank.
When discharging, the signal control device disconnects all gating charging switches, opens all or part of gating discharging switches corresponding to the capacitors in the current-rising capacitor bank, supplies power to the load, disconnects the opened gating discharging switches until the power supply current rises to a set value, and simultaneously opens all or part of gating discharging switches corresponding to the capacitors in the current-stabilizing capacitor bank to supply power to the load.
The process of supplying power to the load by the boost capacitor bank and the steady-current capacitor bank is as follows: the up-flow capacitor bank discharges in advance when the current of the up-flow capacitor bank rises to ioOr exceeds a preset overshoot ixAt time, the up-flow capacitor bank is switched off and at switching time τsA current stabilizing capacitor group is internally connected; tau after disconnection of the up-flow capacitor banksThe induced current existing on the load still exists in the time, so that the current is output at the current stabilizing capacitor bankAnd loading the expected current i to the load under the combined action of the outgoing current and the induced current of the load, which is residual due to the disconnection of the boost capacitor bank.
Example 2:
a high-speed power supply system for inductive loads, the main structure of which is shown in example 1, further ensuring the charging strategy of the capacitor in example 1, the system further comprises a backup capacitor bank comprising the same boost capacitor bank and/or the same free-wheeling capacitor bank. And when the boost capacitor bank and/or the steady-current capacitor bank are/is charged, the standby capacitor bank is adopted to work. By adopting the charging strategy, the discharging current of the capacitor is ensured to be maintained above the amplitude meeting the requirement.
Example 2:
referring to fig. 3 to 5, a high-speed power supply system facing an inductive load comprises a charging power supply, m parallel-connected boost capacitor groups, n parallel-connected steady-flow capacitor groups, gated charging switches with the same number as the capacitors, gated discharging switches with the same number as the capacitors and a signal control device for controlling the on-off of the gated switches, wherein m and n are natural numbers larger than 1, the charging gated switches are represented by H, the discharging gated switches are represented by L, for example, Ha represents the charging gated switches of a capacitor group a, and L a represents the discharging gated switches of the capacitor group a.
In the current rising capacitor group and the current stabilizing capacitor group, each capacitor is connected with the load through a gating discharge switch so as to supply power to the load. When all the gate discharge switches are conducted, all the capacitors are connected in parallel to the input end of the load. The load is an inductive load. The capacitor is a super capacitor. The number of capacitors in a capacitor bank is at least 1. When there is only one capacitor, the capacitor contains a suitably high charging voltage to enable it to meet the rapid current rise over the entire expected output current range.
And one ends of all the capacitors of the current rising capacitor bank and the current stabilizing capacitor bank are connected in common.
One end of each capacitor which is not grounded is divided into two paths: one path is connected with a gating charging switch in series and then is connected with a charging power supply. And the other path is connected with a gating discharge switch in series and then supplies power to the inductive load.
In the up-flow capacitor group and the steady-flow capacitor group, each capacitor is connected with a charging power supply through a gating charging switch, so that the charging power supply charges the capacitor. When all the gate charging switches are conducted, all the capacitors are connected in parallel at the output end of the charging power supply.
The signal control device controls the on-off of the gating charging switch and the gating discharging switch.
The main steps for powering the load are as follows:
1) the output waveform to the load is preset (see fig. 2), which illustrates four phases (horizontal axis), one for each steady state current (vertical axis).
2) And all gating discharge switches are disconnected, all gating charge switches are opened, and all capacitors are charged. And the charging voltage of the current rising capacitor bank is greater than that of the current stabilizing capacitor bank.
3) And selecting part of the m current rising capacitor groups, disconnecting the corresponding gating charging switch, and opening the corresponding gating discharging switch to supply power to the load.
4) Steady state power supply:
4.1) delaying discharge until the power supply current of the load rises to the steady-state current of the stage or reaches an overshoot value, disconnecting the gated discharge switch of the capacitor selected in the step 3) and opening the gated charge switch of the capacitor selected in the step 3).
4.2) selecting part of the current-stabilizing capacitor groups in the n current-stabilizing capacitor groups, disconnecting the corresponding gating charging switch, opening the corresponding gating discharging switch, and supplying power to the load until the stage is finished.
5) And (4) delaying discharge until the power supply stage in the step 3) is finished, opening the gated charging switches corresponding to the capacitors, and disconnecting the gated discharging switches corresponding to the capacitors. Before the time delay discharging in the step 5) is finished, if the discharging of the current stabilizing capacitor group selected in the step 4) is lower than the steady-state current of the current stage, the gated charging switches corresponding to the capacitors are opened, and the gated discharging switches corresponding to the capacitors are disconnected. And reselecting part of the ballast capacitor groups which are not discharged from the n ballast capacitor groups, and returning to the step 4.2) to execute the corresponding step again.
Thus, a first stage current curve is obtained.
6) Comparing the steady-state current corresponding to the next stage of the output waveform with the steady-state current of the present stage:
6.1) if the steady-state current corresponding to the next stage is lower than the steady-state current of the stage, after the steady-state capacitor bank selected in the step 4) discharges and is lower than the steady-state current of the stage, delaying discharge until the absolute value of the difference between the steady-state current of the stage and the steady-state current corresponding to the next stage is smaller than a preset threshold value E, namely when the steady-state current corresponding to the next stage approaches the steady-state current of the stage, opening the gated charge switches corresponding to the capacitors, and disconnecting the gated discharge switches corresponding to the capacitors. And reselecting part of the n current-stabilizing capacitor groups which are not discharged, and returning to the step 4.2).
6.2) if the steady-state current corresponding to the next stage is higher than the steady-state current of the current stage, discharging the steady-state capacitor bank selected in the step 4) until the current stage is finished, delaying discharging until the absolute value of the difference between the steady-state current of the current stage and the steady-state current corresponding to the next stage is smaller than a threshold value E, opening the gated charging switches corresponding to the capacitors, and disconnecting the gated discharging switches corresponding to the capacitors. Reselecting part of the m up-flow capacitor banks which are not discharged, and returning to the step 3).
And the steps are carried out until the waveform of the step-shaped current required to be output is realized.
In the embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the output current detected in real time is used as feedback, and DSP control is adopted to realize the required current magnitude and current duration.
Example 3:
the control schemes of the high-speed power supply system facing the inductive load disclosed in the embodiments 1 and 2 mainly include the following steps:
1) when the capacitors of the current rising capacitor group have the same charging voltage and the capacitors of the current stabilizing capacitor group have the same charging voltage, a plurality of capacitors in each stage are combined by the output of currents with different magnitudes in the current rising or current stabilizing stage, and the switching sequence of the capacitors is controlled, so that the current waveform control in the set current amplitude range is realized, and the requirement of a specific load is met.
II) when the capacitors of the current rising capacitor group have different charging voltages and the capacitors of the current stabilizing capacitor group have different charging voltages, because the discharging currents of the capacitors with different charging voltages are different, the capacitors with proper current are selected in the current rising or current stabilizing stage, and the switching sequence of the capacitors is controlled, so that the current waveform control within the set current amplitude range is realized, and the requirement of a specific load is met.
In summary, the current waveform control within the set current amplitude range (as shown in fig. 2) can be achieved by using the same charging voltage for the boost capacitor bank and the different charging voltage for the boost capacitor bank, or using the different charging voltage for the boost capacitor bank and the same charging voltage for the boost capacitor bank, so as to meet the requirement of the specific load.
Example 4:
a high-speed power supply system facing an inductive load comprises a charging power supply, a current rising capacitor group, a BUCK converter, gating charging switches with the same number as that of capacitors, gating discharging switches with the same number as that of the capacitors, and a signal control device for controlling the gating switches and the BUCK converter.
In the current rising capacitor bank, each capacitor is connected with a load through a gating discharge switch so as to supply power to the load. When all the gate discharge switches are conducted, all the capacitors are connected in parallel to the input end of the load. The load is an inductive load. The capacitor is a super capacitor. The number of capacitors in a capacitor bank is at least 1.
In the up-flow capacitor bank, each capacitor is connected with a charging power supply through a gating charging switch, so that the charging power supply charges the capacitor. When all the gate charging switches are conducted, all the capacitors are connected in parallel at the output end of the charging power supply.
The signal control device controls the on-off of the gating charging switch, the gating discharging switch and the BUCK converter.
When charging, the signal control device disconnects all gating discharge switches and opens all or part of gating charge switches.
When discharging, the signal control device disconnects all gating charging switches, opens all or part of gating discharging switches corresponding to the capacitors in the boost capacitor bank, supplies power to the load, disconnects the opened gating discharging switches until the power supply current rises to a set value, simultaneously controls the work of the BUCK converter, adjusts the PWM duty ratio of the BUCK converter, and supplies power to the load.
The Buck converter is a classical DC-DC converter. When the Buck converter is used for the current stabilizer, the output of different currents can be quickly realized by the PWM duty ratio of a single Buck converter without combining a plurality of capacitors. Therefore, the scheme adopts a cooperative working strategy that the capacitor is used in the current rising period and the Buck converter is used in the current stabilizer.
As shown in fig. 1, the capacitor operates in the boost period (before the switching time) to rapidly pull up the current with high power density, and the Buck converter operates in the steady-current period (after the switching time) to maintain the desired current with PWM duty control.
Likewise, the operating principle of the capacitor in the run-up period is similar to that disclosed in embodiments 1 and 2, and includes several capacitors greater than or equal to 1. When only one capacitor is provided, the capacitor has a proper high charging voltage, so that the capacitor can meet the rapid current rise in the whole expected output current range; during the operation of the Buck converter, the super capacitor switches on the charging circuit to replenish the lost electric quantity to prepare for the next current rise period.
Example 5:
as shown in fig. 6, the operation flow of the inductive load oriented high-speed power supply system disclosed in embodiment 4 is as follows: the capacitor is initially at a suitably high voltage state of charge. The DSP controller turns on the capacitor discharge after receiving the external trigger signal and stops the capacitor discharge when the current quickly reaches the expected steady state current (and has an overshoot value). The capacitor is switched to a charging state, meanwhile, the capacitor is switched to a Buck converter under the control of the DSP for outputting, the duty ratio is adjusted, and the Buck converter realizes the output of expected steady-state current.
In practical application, factors such as inductive load or electronic element heating will affect the output current of the Buck converter, so that the output of the expected steady-state current is further ensured by PID control in the steady current. The process occurs in the steady flow period, so the response time of the current rising period is not influenced.
When the next desired current needs to be triggered, the above process is repeated, and the output of the variable current shown in fig. 2 can be realized.
Example 6:
as shown in fig. 7, the circuit of the high-speed power supply system facing an inductive load disclosed in embodiment 4 is as follows: DSP controls N type MOS field effect transistor Q through optical coupler driving circuit2And N-type MOS field effect transistor Q3Thereby controlling the charging and discharging of the capacitor. C1、C2Filter capacitors for input and output of Buck converter, filter inductor L, D1、D2Is a freewheeling diode; q1Is a Buck circuit switching tube; d3And D4To prevent the current from flowing backward. Vi、Vo、VcapRespectively sampling input and output voltages and capacitor voltage for the Buck converter; a. theoOutputting current for the power supply. The DSP adjusts the duty ratio of the PWM signal and controls Q after being amplified by the bootstrap drive circuit1The switching on and off of the switching tube further adjusts the output of the Buck circuit LmFor inductive loads, RmIs the possible equivalent resistance of an inductive load.
Claims (10)
1. A high-speed power supply system facing an inductive load is characterized by comprising a charging power supply, a current rising capacitor group, a current stabilizing capacitor group, gating charging switches with the same number as that of capacitors, gating discharging switches with the same number as that of capacitors and a signal control device for controlling the gating switches to be switched on and off.
In the current rising capacitor group and the current stabilizing capacitor group, each capacitor is connected with a load through a gating discharge switch so as to supply power to the load; when all the gating discharge switches are conducted, all the capacitors are connected in parallel to the input end of the load;
in the current rising capacitor group and the current stabilizing capacitor group, each capacitor is connected with a charging power supply through a gating charging switch, so that the charging power supply charges the capacitor; when all the gating charging switches are conducted, all the capacitors are connected in parallel to the output end of the charging power supply;
the signal control device controls the on-off of the gating charging switch and the gating discharging switch;
during charging, the signal control device disconnects all gating discharge switches and opens all or part of gating charge switches; the charging voltage of the current rising capacitor bank is greater than that of the current stabilizing capacitor bank;
when discharging, the signal control device disconnects all gating charging switches, opens all or part of gating discharging switches corresponding to the capacitors in the current-rising capacitor bank, supplies power to the load, disconnects the opened gating discharging switches until the power supply current rises to a set value, and simultaneously opens all or part of gating discharging switches corresponding to the capacitors in the current-stabilizing capacitor bank to supply power to the load.
2. An inductive load oriented high speed power supply system according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a backup capacitor bank; and when the current stabilizing capacitor bank needs to be charged, the standby capacitor bank is adopted to supply power to the load.
3. A high-speed power supply system facing an inductive load is characterized by comprising a charging power supply, m parallel-connected up-flow capacitor groups, n parallel-connected current-stabilizing capacitor groups, gating charging switches with the same number as the capacitors, gating discharging switches with the same number as the capacitors and a signal control device for controlling the on-off of the gating switches; m and n are both natural numbers greater than 1.
In the current rising capacitor group and the current stabilizing capacitor group, each capacitor is connected with a load through a gating discharge switch so as to supply power to the load; when all the gating discharge switches are conducted, all the capacitors are connected in parallel to the input end of the load;
in the current rising capacitor group and the current stabilizing capacitor group, each capacitor is connected with a charging power supply through a gating charging switch, so that the charging power supply charges the capacitor; when all the gating charging switches are conducted, all the capacitors are connected in parallel to the output end of the charging power supply;
the signal control device controls the on-off of the gating charging switch and the gating discharging switch.
4. A high speed power supply system for an inductive load according to claim 3, wherein the main steps of supplying power to the load are as follows:
1) presetting an output waveform of a load, wherein the waveform is divided into a plurality of stages, and each stage corresponds to a steady-state current;
2) all gating discharge switches are disconnected, all gating charge switches are opened, and all capacitors are charged; the charging voltage of the current rising capacitor bank is greater than that of the current stabilizing capacitor bank;
3) selecting part of the up-flow capacitor banks in the m up-flow capacitor banks, disconnecting the corresponding gating charging switches, and opening the corresponding gating discharging switches to supply power to the load;
4) steady state power supply:
4.1) delaying discharge until the power supply current of the load rises to the steady-state current of the stage or reaches an overshoot value, disconnecting the gated discharge switch of the capacitor selected in the step 3) and opening the gated charge switch of the capacitor selected in the step 3).
4.2) selecting part of the current-stabilizing capacitor groups in the n current-stabilizing capacitor groups, disconnecting the corresponding gating charging switches, opening the corresponding gating discharging switches, and supplying power to the load until the stage is finished;
5) delaying discharge until the power supply stage in the step 3) is finished, opening the gated charging switches corresponding to the capacitors, and disconnecting the gated discharging switches corresponding to the capacitors;
6) comparing the steady-state current corresponding to the next stage of the output waveform with the steady-state current of the present stage:
6.1) if the steady-state current corresponding to the next stage is lower than the steady-state current of the stage, after the steady-state capacitor bank selected in the step 4) discharges and is lower than the steady-state current of the stage, delaying the discharge until the absolute value of the difference between the steady-state current of the stage and the steady-state current corresponding to the next stage is smaller than a threshold value E, opening the gated charging switches corresponding to the capacitors, and disconnecting the gated discharging switches corresponding to the capacitors. Reselecting part of the steady-flow capacitor groups which are not discharged from the n steady-flow capacitor groups, and returning to the step 4.2);
6.2) if the steady-state current corresponding to the next stage is higher than the steady-state current of the current stage, discharging the steady-state capacitor bank selected in the step 4) until the current stage is finished, delaying discharging until the absolute value of the difference between the steady-state current of the current stage and the steady-state current corresponding to the next stage is smaller than a threshold value E, opening the gated charging switches corresponding to the capacitors, and disconnecting the gated discharging switches corresponding to the capacitors. Reselecting part of the m up-flow capacitor banks which are not discharged, and returning to the step 3).
5. The inductive load-oriented high-speed power supply system according to claim 4, wherein before the delayed discharge in step 5), if the selected ballast capacitor bank in step 4) discharges a current lower than the steady-state current in the present stage, the gate-charging switches corresponding to the capacitors are opened, and the gate-discharging switches corresponding to the capacitors are opened. And reselecting part of the ballast capacitor groups which are not discharged from the n ballast capacitor groups, and returning to the step 4.2) to execute the corresponding step again.
6. A high speed power supply system for an inductive load according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the step-up capacitor bank and the step-down capacitor bank supply power to the load as follows: the up-flow capacitor bank discharges in advance when the current of the up-flow capacitor bank rises to ioOr exceeds a preset overshoot ixWhile, the rising current is cut offCapacitor bank and at switching time tausA current stabilizing capacitor group is internally connected; tau after disconnection of the up-flow capacitor banksThe induced current existing on the load still exists in time, so that the load of the expected current i is realized on the load under the combined action of the output current of the current stabilizing capacitor bank and the induced current of the load.
7. A high-speed power supply system facing an inductive load is characterized by comprising a charging power supply, a current rising capacitor group, a BUCK converter, gating charging switches with the same number as that of capacitors, gating discharging switches with the same number as that of the capacitors, and a signal control device for controlling the gating switches and the BUCK converter;
in the current rising capacitor bank, each capacitor is connected with a load through a gating discharge switch so as to supply power to the load; when all the gating discharge switches are conducted, all the capacitors are connected in parallel to the input end of the load;
in the up-flow capacitor bank, each capacitor is connected with a charging power supply through a gating charging switch, so that the charging power supply charges the capacitor; when all the gating charging switches are conducted, all the capacitors are connected in parallel to the output end of the charging power supply;
the signal control device controls the on-off of the gating charging switch, the gating discharging switch and the BUCK converter;
during charging, the signal control device disconnects all gating discharge switches and opens all or part of gating charge switches;
when discharging, the signal control device disconnects all gating charging switches, opens all or part of gating discharging switches corresponding to the capacitors in the boost capacitor bank, supplies power to the load, disconnects the opened gating discharging switches until the power supply current rises to a set value, simultaneously controls the work of the BUCK converter, adjusts the PWM duty ratio of the BUCK converter, and supplies power to the load.
8. An inductive load oriented high speed power supply system according to claim 1, 3 or 7, wherein said load is an inductive load.
9. An inductive load oriented high speed power supply system according to claim 1, 3 or 7, wherein the capacitor is a super capacitor.
10. An inductive load oriented high speed power supply system according to claim 1, 3 or 7, wherein the number of capacitors in a capacitor bank is at least 1.
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