CN111342475A - Modulation method of H-bridge cascaded active power filter - Google Patents
Modulation method of H-bridge cascaded active power filter Download PDFInfo
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- CN111342475A CN111342475A CN202010416828.0A CN202010416828A CN111342475A CN 111342475 A CN111342475 A CN 111342475A CN 202010416828 A CN202010416828 A CN 202010416828A CN 111342475 A CN111342475 A CN 111342475A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/01—Arrangements for reducing harmonics or ripples
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/24—Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/26—Arrangements for eliminating or reducing asymmetry in polyphase networks
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/20—Active power filtering [APF]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/50—Arrangements for eliminating or reducing asymmetry in polyphase networks
Abstract
The invention discloses a modulation method of an H-bridge cascaded active power filter, which aims to solve the problem of balancing direct-current side voltage between inner modules under the condition that a cascaded H bridge is subjected to a carrier phase shift modulation method. When the switching frequency is lower, the side frequency switch harmonic waves of the unit output voltage can be mapped to the power frequency and coupled with the power frequency current, so that the fundamental wave energy of each unit is uneven. When the switching frequency is high, the non-power frequency harmonic current is also coupled with the side frequency voltage, so that the functional quantity of each module unit is unbalanced. In addition, the active power brought by the difference of the triangular carriers in the carrier phase shift to a single module is not equal. The generation of the energy unevenness is suppressed by optimizing the carrier frequency in combination with the periodic rotation of the triangular carrier.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of power factor correction technology and motors, in particular to a modulation method of an H-bridge cascaded active power filter.
Background
An Active Power Filter (APF) is a Power electronic device for dynamically realizing harmonic, reactive and three-phase unbalance compensation, and a chain H-bridge structure is a topology commonly applied to the current Active Power Filter. However, the problem of controlling the direct-current side voltage of each unit of the cascaded H-bridge is one of the important problems, and at present, a plurality of control methods of the direct-current side voltage achieve good effects, but few methods consider the direct-current side voltage balance of the units in the phase from the direction of a modulation method.
The existing carrier phase-shifting modulation method can enable the switching voltage harmonic of the low-order harmonic cluster to be offset in the total output voltage, but each unit still contains the harmonic components, the harmonic components are coupled with the harmonic current output by the device to generate power to cause active fluctuation, and the difference of triangular carriers also has influence on the voltage balance of each unit.
In recent years, with the rapid development of domestic economy, increasingly nonlinear, impulsive reactive and unbalanced loads are put into a power grid. This makes harmonic, reactive and three-phase imbalances in the distribution network a non-negligible problem. However, an active power filter is an effective way to solve this problem. In order to obtain a better compensation effect, a current control method, a direct-current side voltage control method and a modulation method need to be continuously explored and optimized.
In order to solve the problem of balancing the direct-current side voltage of the in-phase unit, an optimized modulation method for the cascaded H-bridge type active power filter is provided on the premise of good direct-current side voltage control, so that the problem of coupling of harmonic current and switch harmonic voltage can be solved, and the influence of triangular carrier difference on the balance of the direct-current side voltage can be reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: when the switching frequency is lower, the side frequency switch harmonic waves of the unit output voltage can be mapped to the power frequency and coupled with the power frequency current, so that the fundamental wave energy of each unit is uneven. When the switching frequency is high, the non-power frequency harmonic current is also coupled with the side frequency voltage, so that the functional quantity of each module unit is unbalanced. In order to suppress the generation of the energy unevenness, the invention designs an optimized modulation method aiming at the H-bridge cascade active power filter, which can be realized by optimizing the carrier frequency to ensure that the output harmonic current is inconsistent with the frequency of the harmonic voltage of the unit. In order to eliminate the phenomenon that active power brought by the difference of the triangular carriers in the carrier phase shift to a single module is unequal, the triangular carriers of each module are repeatedly and periodically rotated after a period of time.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a modulation method of an H-bridge cascaded active power filter solves the problem of balancing direct-current side voltage between inner modules of a cascaded H-bridge under a carrier phase shift modulation method by using a mode of optimizing carrier frequency and combining triangular carrier periodic alternation.
Taking a certain phase of the cascaded H bridge as an example, the method comprises the following steps:
S2: and adopting optimal offset for the carrier wave after phase shifting.
The optimal value of the offset is selected as follows: the output voltage u of the ith unit of any phase in the active power filters a, b and c can be obtained by a double Fourier transform formulaiAfter double fourier expansion:
in the formula, MiIs the modulation ratio of the ith H-bridge unit of the phase; edciIs the DC side voltage of the ith cell of the phase of the H-bridge; omegasIs the angular frequency of the modulated wave; omegacIs the angular frequency of the triangular carrier; j. the design is a squarenIs a Bessel function; m is the fundamental wave modulation ratio; m is the carrier harmonic frequency, m is more than or equal to 1 and is an integer; n is sideband harmonic frequency, and n is an odd number;
due to side band harmonicsN in (1) is an odd number and m is an integer greater than or equal to 1, so that the harmonic interval of adjacent sidebands near a certain carrier harmonic is 100Hz, and in order to prevent the offset sideband harmonic voltage from coinciding with the adjacent harmonic current again, precondition constraint is carried out on the optimized offset:
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,is the harmonic current amplitude;is the harmonic current phase angle;is the harmonic current angular frequency;
correspondingly, the coupling power of the ith H-bridge unit corresponding to the phase is obtained by multiplying the harmonic current and the harmonic voltage flowing through the phaseIn the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,for the ith cell corresponding to the harmonic currentThe generated coupling power;is carrier offsetIntermediate angular frequency of output voltage of the ith unitA harmonic component of (a);the output harmonic current;is the harmonic current angular frequency; m is the carrier harmonic frequency, m is more than or equal to 1 and is an integer;is the carrier offset;is the harmonic current amplitude; edciIs the DC side voltage of the ith cell of the phase of the H-bridge; m is the fundamental wave modulation ratio;is the harmonic current phase angle;
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,for the ith cell corresponding to the harmonic currentThe generated energy of the direct current side capacitor fluctuates;for the ith cell corresponding to the harmonic currentThe generated coupling power;is the harmonic current amplitude; edciIs the DC side voltage of the ith cell of the phase of the H-bridge; m is the fundamental wave modulation ratio; m is the carrier harmonic frequency, m is more than or equal to 1 and is an integer;is the harmonic current angular frequency;is the carrier offset;is the harmonic current phase angle;
the energy fluctuation of the direct current side capacitor of the active power filter corresponding to a certain harmonic current frequency is obtained by the above formulaOffset from carrierThe relationship (2) of (c).
The harmonic current in actual operation contains a plurality of frequency components, and energy fluctuation generated by each subharmonic frequency component is added to obtain the fluctuation amount of the total energy of the unitAdding the total energy fluctuations of N units to obtain the total energy fluctuation of a single phase:
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,total energy fluctuation for a single phase; n is the number of single-phase cascade modules;the energy of the capacitor at the direct current side of the ith unit fluctuates;
thereby obtaining total energy fluctuationAnd carrier offsetIn relation to (1) inObtaining the carrier offset of the system at the minimumThe optimum value of (c).
S3: and carrying out alternate operation on each optimized unit carrier wave in each power frequency period.
The scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
meanwhile, the influence of the coupling of harmonic current and switch harmonic voltage and the difference of triangular carriers on the voltage balance of the direct current side of each unit in the phase is solved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a topological structure diagram of an H-bridge cascade type active power filter;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a conventional carrier phase shift when the number of cascades is 4 (N = 4);
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of carrier phase shift after carrier offset when the number of cascades is 4 (N = 4);
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of carrier rotation after carrier offset when the cascade number is 4 (N = 4);
FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating an exemplary implementation of a system for obtaining an optimal carrier offset;
fig. 6 is a dc-side voltage waveform of each unit before the modulation method is optimized when the number of cascades is 4 (N = 4);
fig. 7 shows dc-side voltage waveforms of the respective cells after the modulation method is optimized when the number of cascades is 4 (N = 4).
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a structure diagram of a cascaded H-bridge converter, wherein L is a three-phase connection reactor; r is the device loss equivalent resistance;、andis the system voltage;、andis the system current;、andis the load current;、andto compensate for the current; n is the number of power modules of each phase,;the value range of i is 1, 2, ˑ ˑ ˑ and N for the direct-current side capacitance of any phase i power module in the cascaded inverter units a, b and c of the converter;、andis the total output voltage of each phase. A modulation method of an H-bridge cascade active power filter comprises the following 3 steps:
s1: firstly, each phase of each unit of N unit cascade H bridges is subjected to carrier phase shift in sequence, and the phase shift angle isAs shown in fig. 2.
S2: according to the relation between the direct current side capacitance energy fluctuation and the carrier offset, the optimal value of the carrier offset corresponding to the subharmonic can be obtained.
The harmonic current of the active power filter in actual operation contains a plurality of frequency components, and the energy fluctuations of each harmonic can be added to obtain the relationship between the total energy fluctuation and the carrier offset, so as to obtain the optimal value of the carrier offset of the system, and the comprehensive implementation block diagram is shown in fig. 5. The carrier phase shift diagram after carrier offset is shown in fig. 3.
S3, performing rotation operation on the three-phase triangular carrier wave in each power frequency period, as shown in FIG. 4, at a rotation point 1, giving the carrier wave of the unit 1 to the unit 2, giving the carrier wave of the unit 2 to the unit 3, giving the carrier wave of the unit 3 to the unit 4, and giving the carrier wave of the unit 4 to the unit 1; at the rotation point 2, the carrier of cell 1 is given to cell 3, the carrier of cell 2 is given to cell 4, the carrier of cell 3 is given to cell 1, and the carrier of cell 4 is given to cell 2; at the rotation point 3, the carrier of cell 1 is given to cell 4, the carrier of cell 2 is given to cell 3, the carrier of cell 3 is given to cell 2, and the carrier of cell 4 is given to cell 1.
In order to verify the effect of the modulation method, a model of a cascade H-bridge unit is built in MATLAB/Simulink to observe the optimization effect, the cascade number is 4 (N = 4), the rated voltage of a direct-current side capacitor is 800V, and the triangular wave frequency is 600 Hz. In order to verify the influence of harmonic coupling power on the dc-side balance of each unit, the selected harmonic loads include 17, 19, and 23 times of harmonic currents, the peak values are all 10A, the dc-side voltage waveforms of each unit are as shown in fig. 6 without implementing the optimal modulation method, and the dc-side voltage waveforms of each unit after the optimal modulation method are as shown in fig. 7, so that it can be seen that the dc-side voltages of the four units maintain balance well under the optimal modulation method.
Those skilled in the art will recognize that numerous variations are possible in light of the above description, and thus the examples are intended to describe one or more specific embodiments.
The above description is only for the purpose of describing the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made to the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A modulation method of an H-bridge cascaded active power filter is characterized in that: the method comprises the step of solving the problem of balancing direct-current side voltage between inner modules of a cascade H bridge under a carrier phase shift modulation method by adopting an optimized carrier frequency and triangular carrier periodic alternation mode.
2. Taking a certain phase of the cascaded H bridge as an example, the method comprises the following steps:
S2: adopting optimized offset for the carrier wave after phase shifting;
the optimal value of the offset is selected as follows: the output voltage u of the ith unit of any phase in the active power filters a, b and c can be obtained by a double Fourier transform formulaiAfter double fourier expansion:
in the formula, MiIs the modulation ratio of the ith H-bridge unit of the phase; edciIs the DC side voltage of the ith cell of the phase of the H-bridge; omegasIs the angular frequency of the modulated wave; omegacIs the angular frequency of the triangular carrier; j. the design is a squarenIs a Bessel function; m is the fundamental wave modulation ratio; m is the carrier harmonic frequency, m is more than or equal to 1 and is an integer; n is sideband harmonic frequency, and n is an odd number;
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,is the harmonic current amplitude;is the harmonic current phase angle;is the harmonic current angular frequency;
correspondingly, the coupling power of the ith H-bridge unit corresponding to the phase is obtained by multiplying the harmonic current and the harmonic voltage flowing through the phase
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,for the ith cell corresponding to the harmonic currentThe generated coupling power;is carrier offsetIntermediate angular frequency of output voltage of the ith unitA harmonic component of (a);the output harmonic current;is the harmonic current angular frequency; m is the carrier harmonic frequency, m is more than or equal to 1 and is an integer;is the carrier offset;is the harmonic current amplitude; edciIs the DC side voltage of the ith cell of the phase of the H-bridge; m is the fundamental wave modulation ratio;is the harmonic current phase angle;
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,for the ith cell corresponding to the harmonic currentThe generated energy of the direct current side capacitor fluctuates;for the ith cell corresponding to the harmonic currentThe generated coupling power;is the harmonic current amplitude; edciIs the DC side voltage of the ith cell of the phase of the H-bridge; m is the fundamental wave modulation ratio; m is the carrier harmonic frequency, m is more than or equal to 1 and is an integer;is the harmonic current angular frequency;is the carrier offset;is the harmonic current phase angle;
the energy fluctuation of the direct current side capacitor of the active power filter corresponding to a certain harmonic current frequency is obtained by the above formulaOffset from carrierThe relationship of (1);
the harmonic current in actual operation contains a plurality of frequency components, and energy fluctuation generated by each subharmonic frequency component is added to obtain the fluctuation amount of the total energy of the unitAdding the total energy fluctuations of N units to obtain the total energy fluctuation of a single phase:
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,total energy fluctuation for a single phase; n is the number of single-phase cascade modules;the energy of the capacitor at the direct current side of the ith unit fluctuates;
thereby obtaining total energy fluctuationAnd carrier offsetIn relation to (1) inObtaining the carrier offset of the system at the minimumThe optimum value of (d);
s3: and carrying out alternate operation on each optimized unit carrier wave in each power frequency period.
3. The method for modulating an H-bridge cascaded active power filter according to claim 1, wherein: due to side band harmonicsN in the series is an odd number and m is an integer greater than or equal to 1, so that the interval between adjacent sideband harmonics near a certain carrier harmonic is 100Hz, and in order to prevent the offset sideband harmonic voltage from coinciding with the adjacent harmonic current again, precondition constraint is carried out on the optimized offset:
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN113629730A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-11-09 | 西南交通大学 | Harmonic power adjustment-based low-frequency oscillation suppression method for high-speed rail car network coupling system |
CN114785101A (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2022-07-22 | 四川大学 | Harmonic group online suppression method and system of single-phase cascade H-bridge converter |
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CN114785101A (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2022-07-22 | 四川大学 | Harmonic group online suppression method and system of single-phase cascade H-bridge converter |
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